Welcome to TiddlyWiki created by Jeremy Ruston, Copyright © 2007 UnaMesa Association
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<html>Played some more with the<span style="font-weight: bold;"> TW</span>. One day I'll get down to some <span style="font-style: italic;">real work.<br></span>Note my great editing format, that's where chasing plugins helps. You scratch the surface and want more.<span style="font-style: italic;"><br></span></html>
<<haloscan comments>>
Settled down in Tiddlyville. Having a few issues but I'm becoming a master of my domain.TiddlyWiki is so forgiving and fun to play with.
<html><span style="font-weight: bold;">My IT hacks & WITB<br></span><ul><li>Use TiddlyWiki a to archive all my notes, references, and works in progress as well.</li><li>Use TiddlyWiki as a scrapbook<br></li><li>Run my data base from a usb thumb drive<br></li><li>Begin again -- LOR as <span style="font-style: italic;">The Blather</span><br></li><li>Routinize RRN<br></li><li>Socialism/Climate class series<br></li></ul></html>
Begin to play with Tiddly Wiki and it's so lateral.
Learnt a bit about how to do it.
Saved my work to usb stick
Working more and more at the TiddlyWiki coal face.I'll never be able to explain this to anyone.
Still working on the Tiddly. Makes for insomnia amusement.Another late night
<html>Fiddled some more. Discovered that you can copy and paste a whole lot of multimedia flash stuff.<br><br style="font-style: italic;"><span style="font-style: italic;">Thinks....<br></span><ol><li>Create web presentations on any number of themes.</li><li>Build TiddlyWiki into everyday use.</li><li>Study the theory and compare TiddlyWiki with wiki'ing</li><li>And note the differences...<br></li></ol></html>
<html><span style="font-weight: bold;">Notes on using TW for research for writing<br></span><ul><li>Easy to grab and publish annotated and reference material from anywhere on the web with TiddlySnip</li><li>Easy to keep that material in one place</li><li>Easy to search that material although you get other non relevant tiddlers if you do.</li><li>If you concentrate the material down to dense notes you can treat taht as an easily searched web page -- easier to search than a document in WORD or Open Office.</li><li>Is it preferable hard to write the article draft in TW itself or do it on a word processor?<br></li></ul></html>
Got myself a Toshiba USB thumb stick which as has 4 GB a capacity and will use that to run TiddlyWiki and a lot more - such as podcatcher.
I may add Audacity with out and about editing and I'm wondering about Firefox....
Australian Broadcasting Corporation
TV PROGRAM TRANSCRIPT
LOCATION: http://www.abc.net.au/7.30/content/2006/s1581704.htm
Broadcast: 01/03/2006
ABC Learning faces court battle
Reporter: Natasha Johnson
KERRY O'BRIEN, 7.30 REPORT PRESENTER: ABC Learning, the world's biggest publicly listed childcare provider, has been a corporate phenomenon in recent years, expanding at a rapid rate. On Monday, it posted a half-year profit on $38 million and is driving hard to improve on that bottom line while it continues to pursue growth. Tomorrow, the company is going to court in Melbourne to argue that it was not responsible when a two-year-old managed to get out of one of its childcare centres. Instead, the ABC will claim the responsibility rests with the employees who were on duty at the time. Childcare workers are watching the case with trepidation fearing it may set a precedent that will leave them holding the baby in every sense. Natasha Johnson reports.
NATASHA JOHNSON, 7.30 REPORT REPORTER: They are the big kids in the child care industry - a $2.3 billion corporation. But in the same week ABC Learning Centres announced a doubling of its half-year profit, it's launching legal action in the Victorian Supreme Court over a $200 fine.
JOHN HOWE, MELBOURNE UNIVERSITY LAW SCHOOL: This is not just about a $200 fine. ABC is trying to set a precedent, which will have enormous implications for the child care industry. If not, just in Victoria, but nationally.
BARBARA ROMERIL, COMMUNITY CHILD CARE ASSOCIATION: What ABC is saying is, "We own and operate those services, but don't blame us if our most junior child care worker does the wrong thing, that's not our fault".
ANN YOUNG, CHILD CARE NATIONAL ASSOCIATION: ABC are to be congratulated. It's about time somebody stood up and said, "No".
ADVERTISEMENT: And you'll find we constantly upgrade our facilities securing a safe environment for your child.
NATASHA JOHNSON: In what's being seen as a test case, the legal challenge stems from an incident at this ABC centre on the outskirts of Melbourne. Three years ago, a 2-year-old boy climbed the fence and wandered off for 10 minutes before being found by neighbours. While a magistrate found that two staff members failed to adequately supervise, it was the company that copped the blame under Victorian regulations and it's now appealing that decision.
JOHN HOWE: It's hard to know what their chances of winning are, but they obviously think it is worth while trying because of the implications of success - of them successfully arguing that "we weren't responsible, it was the employees who are responsible", because that gets them off the hook. It means they are likely to be off the hook if future events happen where children escape or are injured.
CAROLYN WALLIS, CHILD CARE WORKER: It is concerning me that this is where it is heading. That it's just going to be finger pointing and I really don't want the finger to be pointed at me.
NATASHA JOHNSON: Carolyn Wallis and Frances Raffaut work for a not-for-profit centre in East Melbourne. They say they accept a degree of personal responsibility, but fear a shift in the balance would be unfair, considering they are amongst the lowest paid workers in the country.
FRANCIS RAFFAUT, CHILD CARE WORKER: I don't think I'd be able to afford to go to court. I don't personally have the resources to get that together to face the issue.
CAROLYN WALLIS: I mean, I don't really understand. Are we going to have to get personal liability insurance? It's get lots and lots of consequences for us as individuals. It's quite a stressful job and I'd have to question whether or not I wanted to be in this industry.
BRIAN DALEY, MISCELLANEOUS WORKERS UNION: It's got huge implications for the workplace in general. Workplaces are set up where the employer takes responsibility for the issues that occur in the workplace, provided the worker is exercising reasonable responsibility and care. Now, if that dictum changes, then what it means is that any worker who is in a position where they exercise care, be it a nurse, be it a teacher, be it a security guard, all of those sorts of occupations could be subject to responsibility cases under this sort of a decision.
JOHN HOWE: The department had the option of prosecuting individual employees, but clearly what the department's role is, is to maintain standards in the industry and the best way to do that is to hold the companies that run these centres accountable.
ADVERTISEMENT: ABC Learning Centres are looking for motivated people to join our child care team.
NATASHA JOHNSON: ABC wouldn't comment while the case is before the court, but Childcare National, a body representing 1,000 private and community services, supports the argument that if operators have done everything they are required to, they shouldn't be punished for the failings of an employee.
ANN YOUNG: The owner is responsible for employing the qualified and correct staff. They say, "Yes, I've had this years of experience and I've got this degree and that qualification." So I employ you. Then all of a sudden the wheel falls off the trolley and it is my fault because I'm the proprietor.
BARBARA ROMERIL: Of course there are situations where an individual staff member should be held liable if they've done something illegal or deliberately and maliciously breached the regulations. But their employer is also responsible. When a child leaves their child in a childcare centre, they don't have a contract with the employee. Their contract is with the owner who's offering that service in the community.
NATASHA JOHNSON: ABC is also running a second legal challenge to regulations over incidents at two other Victorian centres. Child Care National is cheering from the sidelines as the corporate giant with 20% market share takes up a fight that's been difficult for smaller individual owners to mount.
ANN YOUNG: In Victoria, they are very quick and very deadly to take you before a magistrate who has no idea about the child care industry. I don't think of anyone in the world that is responsible for their employees for every minute of every second of every day.
NATASHA JOHNSON: But Barbara Romeril, who represents not-for-profit community centres, is alarmed at what she sees as a changing culture in child care and is urging Governments to rewrite the law should ABC win in court.
BARBARA ROMERIL: The child care industry is fundamentally different to other industries like manufacturing or IT. Child care is about our most vulnerable and fragile community members - babies, toddlers and young children. It's far too fragile a service to submit it to the harsh realities of the commercial world.
NATASHA JOHNSON: Irrespective of the outcome of tomorrow's case, ABC is dealing with a new investigation at the same centre over another child that went missing last month.
Home Archive About Us Letters
Source: [[7.30 Report - 01/03/2006: ABC Learning faces court battle|http://www.abc.net.au/7.30/content/2006/s1581704.htm]]
<html><h1 class="firstHeading">ABC Learning</h1>
<h3 id="siteSub">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</h3>
<div id="jump-to-nav">Jump to: <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ABC_Learning#column-one">navigation</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ABC_Learning#searchInput">search</a></div> <!-- start content -->
<table class="infobox vcard" style="font-size: 90%; width: 23em;">
<tbody><tr>
<th class="fn n org" style="text-align: center; font-size: 120%;" colspan="2">ABC Learning Centres</th>
</tr>
<tr class="note">
<th style="text-align: right; padding-right: 0.75em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Types_of_companies" title="Category:Types of companies">Type</a></th>
<td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_company" title="Public company">Public</a> (<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australian_Securities_Exchange" title="Australian Securities Exchange">ASX</a>: <span class="plainlinks"><a href="http://www.asx.com.au/asx/research/CompanyInfoSearchResults.jsp?searchBy=asxCode&allinfo=on&asxCode=ABS&companyName=&principalActivity=&industryGroup=NO" class="external text" title="http://www.asx.com.au/asx/research/CompanyInfoSearchResults.jsp?searchBy=asxCode&allinfo=on&asxCode=ABS&companyName=&principalActivity=&industryGroup=NO" rel="nofollow">ABS</a></span>)</td>
</tr>
<tr class="note">
<th style="text-align: right; padding-right: 0.75em;">Founded</th>
<td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1988" title="1988">1988</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th style="text-align: right; padding-right: 0.75em;">Headquarters</th>
<td class="adr"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brisbane" title="Brisbane">Brisbane</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="note">
<th style="text-align: right; padding-right: 0.75em;">Key people</th>
<td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eddy_Groves" title="Eddy Groves">Eddy Groves</a>, CEO</td>
</tr>
<tr class="note">
<th style="text-align: right; padding-right: 0.75em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Industry" title="Industry">Industry</a></th>
<td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Child_care" class="mw-redirect" title="Child care">Child care</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th style="text-align: right; padding-right: 0.75em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Website" title="Website">Website</a></th>
<td class="url"><a href="http://www.childcare.com.au" class="external free" title="http://www.childcare.com.au" rel="nofollow">http://www.childcare.com.au</a></td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<p><b>ABC Learning Centres</b> (<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australian_Securities_Exchange" title="Australian Securities Exchange">ASX</a>: <span class="plainlinks"><a href="http://www.asx.com.au/asx/research/CompanyInfoSearchResults.jsp?searchBy=asxCode&allinfo=on&asxCode=ABS&companyName=&principalActivity=&industryGroup=NO" class="external text" title="http://www.asx.com.au/asx/research/CompanyInfoSearchResults.jsp?searchBy=asxCode&allinfo=on&asxCode=ABS&companyName=&principalActivity=&industryGroup=NO" rel="nofollow">ABS</a></span>) is an <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australian</a> company that is the world's largest provider of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Day_care" title="Day care">childcare</a> services. It is listed on the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australian_Stock_Exchange" class="mw-redirect" title="Australian Stock Exchange">Australian Stock Exchange</a> with its market capitalisation reaching <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australian_dollar" title="Australian dollar">AUD$</a>2.5
billion in March 2006. The company is currently undergoing difficulties
due to events surrounding an unexpected profit downgrade.</p>
<table id="toc" class="toc" summary="Contents">
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<td>
<div id="toctitle">
<h2>Contents</h2>
<span class="toctoggle">[<a href="javascript:toggleToc()" class="internal" id="togglelink">hide</a>]</span></div>
<ul><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ABC_Learning#History"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">History</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ABC_Learning#Controversy_and_criticisms"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Controversy and criticisms</span></a>
<ul><li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ABC_Learning#Forced_share_sales"><span class="tocnumber">2.1</span> <span class="toctext">Forced share sales</span></a></li></ul>
</li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ABC_Learning#Notes"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Notes</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ABC_Learning#External_links"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">External links</span></a></li></ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
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<p><a name="History" id="History"></a></p>
<h2><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=ABC_Learning&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline">History</span></h2>
<p>ABC Learning was founded in 1988 in Ashgrove, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brisbane%2C_Queensland" class="mw-redirect" title="Brisbane, Queensland">Brisbane, Queensland</a> by <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eddy_Groves" title="Eddy Groves">Eddy Groves</a>,
now the Global Chief Executive Officer of the company. Co-founder Le
Neve Groves, is a senior executive and is also a major shareholder in
ABC. The husband and wife jointly own 14.5% of the company. ABC rapidly
expanded, reaching 43 childcare centres by <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/June_30" title="June 30">June 30</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2001" title="2001">2001</a>.
By November 2005, it had 697 childcare centres throughout Australia and
New Zealand. In March 2006, it forecast that would have 950 centres in
Australia and New Zealand by <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/June_30" title="June 30">June 30</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006" title="2006">2006</a>.</p>
<p>It has purchased the third largest childcare operator in the United
States Learning Care Group Inc. which itself operates 467 centres in
the US and other educational facilities in south-east Asia. The
purchase provides the ABC Learning with 70,000 additional licensed
childcare places in addition to the 50,000 it had previously. Other
mergers with Pepercorn Management Group and the purchase of Child Care
Centres Australia helped provide a considerable increase in the number
of ABC's centres. The company plans to increases its number of centres
by four a week.<sup id="_ref-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ABC_Learning#_note-0" title="">[1]</a></sup> In March 2006, it announced a bid for Kids Campus, one of its few remaining large competitors in Australia<sup id="_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ABC_Learning#_note-1" title="">[2]</a></sup> which would give it another 106 centres.<sup id="_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ABC_Learning#_note-2" title="">[3]</a></sup></p>
<p>On <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/December_13" title="December 13">December 13</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006" title="2006">2006</a> it was announced that ABC would acquire the second largest child care provider in the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chicago" title="Chicago">Chicago</a> based <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_Petite_Academy" title="La Petite Academy">La Petite Academy</a> for 330 million US Dollars as well as the 5th largest provider in the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UK" class="mw-redirect" title="UK">UK</a>,
Busy Bees Group, Ltd. With these acquisitions they are expanding into
the UK market and increasing their market share in the US to 1%.<sup id="_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ABC_Learning#_note-3" title="">[4]</a></sup></p>
<p>It has expanded aggressively into the outsourcing of child care
services, negotiating deals with some of Australia's largest employers
including the Australian <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Department_of_Defence_%28Australia%29" title="Department of Defence (Australia)">Department of Defence</a>
which involved taking over the Department's nineteen childcare
facilities. Aside from offshore expansion, the company is also
expanding in training and education. It runs the ABC Early Childhood
Training College, providing training for childcare workers, publishes a
magazine <i>Small Wonders</i> aimed at parents with young children.</p>
<p>It is a highly profitable company, in the FY2004/5 recording net
profit after tax of $52.3 million on total revenues of $292.7 million.
The six months ending <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/December_31" title="December 31">31 December</a> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2005" title="2005">2005</a>
showed no slowing in the financial momentum for the company with profit
after tax reaching $38 million and revenues of $219.8 million.</p>
<p>ABC Learning is the major sponsor of the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adelaide_36ers" title="Adelaide 36ers">Adelaide 36ers</a> in the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Basketball_League_%28Australia%29" title="National Basketball League (Australia)">NBL</a>.</p>
<p><a name="Controversy_and_criticisms" id="Controversy_and_criticisms"></a></p>
<h2><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=ABC_Learning&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Controversy and criticisms">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline">Controversy and criticisms</span></h2>
<p>Critics of ABC Learning say it is making these considerable profits
at the expense of Australian taxpayers whose money subsidises the use
of childcare with means-tested tax rebates. ABC Learning received $128
million of its revenue from government subsidies in the last financial
year.</p>
<p>There is also controversy about the dramatic expansion of the
company with claims that in some areas ABC - by acquisition - has
achieved a monopoly in the provision of childcare services. The <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australian_Competition_and_Consumer_Commission" title="Australian Competition and Consumer Commission">Australian Competition and Consumer Commission</a>
reviewed the company's acquisition of Peppercorn and permitted the deal
to go ahead after imposing certain conditions including a requirement
to close centres in some areas and agreeing not to purchase in other
areas.</p>
<p>ABC Learning is also using its considerable financial resources to
support challenges to regulations governing childcare and enforcing <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vicarious_liability" title="Vicarious liability">vicarious liability</a>
on the company. In one case, in 2006 it challenged a $200 fine imposed
by a Victorian Magistrate for the actions of its staff who failed to
adequately supervise a two-year old child who escaped from a centre in
suburban Melbourne and was found by a neighbour and brought back to the
centre. It argued that the company had done all it could reasonably be
expected to do to provide facilities that made escape difficult and
that any legal liability should rest with the staff involved.</p>
<p>In August 2006 ABC Learning pleaded guilty to 'Failing to Enclose'
in the Fremantle Magistrates Court and were fined $1300. A three-year
old boy escaped from the centre in Lynwood, Western Australia, through
a broken fence and was found by staff in a nearby car park. <sup id="_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ABC_Learning#_note-4" title="">[5]</a></sup></p>
<p><a name="Forced_share_sales" id="Forced_share_sales"></a></p>
<h3><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=ABC_Learning&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Forced share sales">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline">Forced share sales</span></h3>
<p>An unexpected drop of 42 per cent in profit in the second half of
2007 to $37.1 million and adverse market rumors about its $1.8 billion
debt triggered a decline in the company's share price. Several
directors of the company were then forced to dump millions of shares
after receiving <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Margin_call" class="mw-redirect" title="Margin call">margin calls</a>. The combined effects caused the share price to plummet 43% to $2.15 after trading as low as $0.15. <sup id="_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ABC_Learning#_note-5" title="">[6]</a></sup></p>
<p>The timing of the share dumps have raised questions about <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insider_trading" title="Insider trading">insider trading</a>.<sup id="_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ABC_Learning#_note-6" title="">[7]</a></sup></p>
<p><a name="Notes" id="Notes"></a></p>
<h2><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=ABC_Learning&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Notes">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline">Notes</span></h2>
<ol class="references"><li id="_note-0"><b><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ABC_Learning#_ref-0" title="">^</a></b> <a href="http://www.smh.com.au/news/national/cradle-snatcher/2006/03/10/1141701698670.html" class="external text" title="http://www.smh.com.au/news/national/cradle-snatcher/2006/03/10/1141701698670.html" rel="nofollow">Cradle snatcher - National - smh.com.au</a></li><li id="_note-1"><b><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ABC_Learning#_ref-1" title="">^</a></b> <a href="http://www.theaustralian.news.com.au/common/story_page/0,5744,18456794%255E2702,00.html" class="external free" title="http://www.theaustralian.news.com.au/common/story_page/0,5744,18456794%255E2702,00.html" rel="nofollow">http://www.theaustralian.news.com.au/common/story_page/0,5744,18456794%255E2702,00.html</a></li><li id="_note-2"><b><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ABC_Learning#_ref-2" title="">^</a></b> <a href="http://www2.shawstockbroking.com.au/egoli/egoliNewsViewsPage.asp?PageID=%7BB490E9C4-2490-4B5A-965D-3263B359F3E7%7D" class="external free" title="http://www2.shawstockbroking.com.au/egoli/egoliNewsViewsPage.asp?PageID={B490E9C4-2490-4B5A-965D-3263B359F3E7}" rel="nofollow">http://www2.shawstockbroking.com.au/egoli/egoliNewsViewsPage.asp?PageID={B490E9C4-2490-4B5A-965D-3263B359F3E7}</a></li><li id="_note-3"><b><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ABC_Learning#_ref-3" title="">^</a></b> <a href="http://uk.biz.yahoo.com/13122006/240/abc-buys-la-petite-academy-and-busy-bees.html" class="external free" title="http://uk.biz.yahoo.com/13122006/240/abc-buys-la-petite-academy-and-busy-bees.html" rel="nofollow">http://uk.biz.yahoo.com/13122006/240/abc-buys-la-petite-academy-and-busy-bees.html</a></li><li id="_note-4"><b><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ABC_Learning#_ref-4" title="">^</a></b> <a href="http://www.abcsport.net.au/news/stories/2006/08/04/1706685.htm" class="external text" title="http://www.abcsport.net.au/news/stories/2006/08/04/1706685.htm" rel="nofollow">Childcare centre fined for boy's escape</a> (<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006" title="2006">2006</a>-<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_4" title="August 4">08-04</a>). Retrieved on <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008">2008</a>-<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_29" title="February 29">02-29</a>.</li><li id="_note-5"><b><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ABC_Learning#_ref-5" title="">^</a></b> <a href="http://business.smh.com.au/eddy-faces-annihilation-as-abc-board-caught-by-margin-calls/20080227-1v5b.html" class="external text" title="http://business.smh.com.au/eddy-faces-annihilation-as-abc-board-caught-by-margin-calls/20080227-1v5b.html" rel="nofollow">Eddy faces annihilation as ABC board caught by margin calls</a>. <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sydney_Morning_Herald" class="mw-redirect" title="Sydney Morning Herald">Sydney Morning Herald</a> (<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008">2008</a>-<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_27" title="February 27">02-27</a>). Retrieved on <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008">2008</a>-<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_28" title="February 28">02-28</a>.</li><li id="_note-6"><b><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ABC_Learning#_ref-6" title="">^</a></b> <a href="http://www.theaustralian.news.com.au/story/0,25197,23288367-2702,00.html" class="external text" title="http://www.theaustralian.news.com.au/story/0,25197,23288367-2702,00.html" rel="nofollow">ABC crisis forces $50m stock dump</a>. <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Australian" title="The Australian">The Australian</a> (<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008">2008</a>-<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_28" title="February 28">02-28</a>). Retrieved on <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008">2008</a>-<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_28" title="February 28">02-28</a>.</li></ol></html>
<html><span style="font-weight: bold;"></span><span style="font-weight: bold;"><br></span><hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><h1><span style="font-weight: bold;">TIMELINE:</span></h1><br style="font-weight: bold;"><span style="font-weight: bold;">Growth </span><br>1988 <br>2001 43 centres<br>Nov 2005 697 centres (Aus & NZ)<br>Mar 2008 950 centres ( forcast Aust & NZ)<br>2300 childcare centres with $2 billion of borrowing.<br><span style="font-weight: bold;">Profits<br><br></span> FY2004/5 recording net profit after tax of $52.3 million on total revenues of $292.7 million. <br><span style="font-weight: bold;">The six months ending 31 December 2005 </span>showed
no slowing in the financial momentum for the company with profit after
tax reaching $38 million and revenues of $219.8 million.
ABC Learning received $128 million of its revenue from government
subsidies in the last financial year.<br><span style="font-weight: bold;"><br></span><br><br><span style="font-weight: bold;">Expansion:<br></span>In 2001 he floated it on the
stock market. At that stage he owned 31 childcare centres in South East
Queensland. Now, just three years later, he’s got 750 right across
Australia.<br><span style="font-weight: bold;"><br></span><span style="font-weight: bold;">On December 13, 2006 i</span>t was
announced that ABC would acquire the second largest child care provider
in the United States, Chicago based La Petite Academy for 330 million
US Dollars as well as the 5th largest provider in the UK, Busy Bees
Group, Ltd. With these acquisitions they are expanding into the UK
market and increasing their market share in the US to 1%<br><br> a recent presentation to sharemarket investors Mr Groves said ABC was
on target to increase the number of its centres in Australia and New
Zealand from 660 in the middle of last year to 850 by the end of June.
The company has more than tripled the number of its centres in three
years.<br><br>ABC News 9/9/04:Alan Kohler: Most of the action on the share market today was in the
childcare business. The three biggest listed operators of crèches, ABC
Learning Centres, Childcare Centres of Australia and Peppercorn
Management, announced a three-way merger with ABC on top<br><br>Source: <a target="_blank" title="External link to http://www.theaustralian.news.com.au/story/0,25197,23288077-20142,00.html" href="http://www.theaustralian.news.com.au/story/0,25197,23288077-20142,00.html" class="externalLink">Childcare business spoonfed : The Australian</a><br>
n June last year, ABC reported owning 1188 centres across Australia and
New Zealand and 35 owned and 12 managed nurseries in Britain. In recent
months it has expanded its interests in the US and now owns 1015
centres to become that country's second-biggest provider. While figures
are hard to pin down, ABC's estimated control of the overall market in
Australia ranges between 20 and 30 per cent across the board, and in
some regions such as Victoria is understood to be even higher.<br><br>
It has snapped up three rival sharemarket-listed
child-care operators since late-2003, and in November last year spent
$218 million buying the third-largest operator in the US, the Learning
Care Group.<br style="text-decoration: underline;"><hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px; text-decoration: underline;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">An unexpected drop of 42 per cent in profit in the second half of
2007 to $37.1 million and adverse market rumors about its $1.8 billion
debt triggered a decline in the company's share price. Several
directors of the company were then forced to dump millions of shares
after receiving <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Margin_call" class="mw-redirect" title="Margin call">margin calls</a>. The combined effects caused the share price to plummet 43% to $2.15 after trading as low as $0.15. <sup id="_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ABC_Learning#_note-5" title="">[6]</a><br><br><br><br></sup></span><h1><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><sup id="_ref-5" class="reference">Financial coallpse</sup></span></h1>The recent history of Child Care Centres Australia provides a salutary
insight. Caroline Fewster is an Associate Professor in Early Childhood
at Bond University on the Gold Coast. She was also a board member of
Child Care Centres Australia, a board that was chaired by Liberal party
figure, Andrew Peacock.<br>
<br>
CCCA was heading down a similar path to
ABC Learning Centres. It had floated on the stockmarket with the help
of Andrew Peacock’s son-in-law and prominent Liberal, Michael Kroger.
The company was rapidly expanding when it acquired 41 centres in
Western Australia.<br>
<br>
The company hadn’t done its sums properly
though, overestimating its profits by almost 90%. The whole thing went
belly-up and shares were suspended from trading.<br><br><br>
ABC Learning's half-year earnings have dropped by 42 per cent to
$37.1 million, prompting investor concerns about the company's debt
structure.<br>
<br>
At one stage today, shares dropped 70 per cent to touch a six-year low of $1.15, but have closed at $2.14.<br>
<br>
The company, which has been in a massive expansion phase in the past
two years, has a negative balance of hard physical assets to intangible
assets to the tune of $1.75 per share.<br>
<br>
The company also has $1.2 billion of debt repayable in three years, and $600 million of convertible notes on a nine-year term.<br>
<br><hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><br><h1><span style="text-decoration: underline;"></span></h1><h1><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><sup id="_ref-5" class="reference">ABC SHARE COLLAPSE</sup></span></h1><h1><span style="text-decoration: underline;"></span></h1>After amassing a $270 million personal fortune by the age of 40,
Eddy Groves lost $45 million in just two hours on Tuesday morning.<br>
Sadly for them, Eddy can be a hard man to track down. His preferred mode of transport is a private Citation <a tiddlylink="CJ3" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'CJ3' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">CJ3</a> jet, which means he can whip in and out of Australia's airports at will.<br><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><sup id="_ref-5" class="reference"><br></sup></span><hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><h1><span style="text-decoration: underline;"></span><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><sup id="_ref-5" class="reference">ISSUES</sup></span></h1><span style="font-weight: bold;">1998</span><br>Lyn Wannan is the Convenor of the National Association of Community Centres.<br>
Lyn Wannan: I mean we know right now that Government policy is for no
growth in the community-based sector and for still some considerable
growth in the private sector. My view is that we need to retain a
community service sector, a non-profit community-owned sector. I think
that has to be a priority of government. I fear the loss of it
altogether. It has been the community-based sector which has fought
hard for the quality standards and regulations, and it has been the
community-based sector which has actually set the price in the past.<br>The push for regulations at that time was led by pre-school
associations, worried about the standard of informal care. Today an
estimated 180,000 children under the age of five are being looked after
in home-based, informal care. These are the everyday babysitting
arrangements made between families and friends, as well as the
money-making neighbourhood ventures. But not to be confused with Family
Day Care, which is a government-funded and licensed home-based scheme.<br><br><h1><span style="text-decoration: underline;"></span></h1><span style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: underline;"></span>Gerald Tooth: The once cottage industry of childcare, run by
not-for-profit organisations and small private operators, is being
rapidly corporatised. That is, large stock market listed companies have
flooded into the sector which they see as a goldmine of profit
opportunity. It might be good news for you, if you’re an investor, but
is it good news for you and your children if you’re a parent?<br><br><br>There are around four-and-a-half-thousand day care centres across
Australia. Traditionally the sector was dominated by small-scale
operators, community run not-for-profit organisations and small
privately-run centres.<br><br>But in 1997 the Howard Government
scrapped direct subsidies to not-for-profit childcare centres and in a
single stroke, childcare was changed. Where around 40% of government
funding had gone directly to centres, now all of it went to parents
through Child Care Benefit payments, that they pass on to the centre of
their choice. With access to a new funding stream, private centres
boomed and with the not-for-profits decimated, childcare was opened up
as a lucrative field for profit making.<br><br>Seven years later, the
government has more than doubled its childcare spend and the childcare
sector is now seen as an industry, a multi-billion dollars industry.
And it’s the new corporate players that dominate, with their
shareholder backing, management systems and economies of scale. And
it’s all happened in the mere blink of an eye.<br>
<br>
ABC Learning
Centres led the way as the first to list on the Stock Exchange just
three years ago in 2001. Others quickly followed: Child Care Centres
Australia, <a tiddlylink="FutureOne" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'FutureOne' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">FutureOne</a>, Peppercorn Management Group and Hutchison’s Childcare services,<br>
<br>
With
the recent merger of ABC Learning Centres, Peppercorn and Child Care
Centres Australia, Eddy Groves’ company will now control 750 centres.
And as he said earlier, he reckons the company will soon be worth a
billion dollars.<br><br>Pam Cahir of Early Childhood Australia.<br>
<br>
Pam Cahir: What’s
happening in childcare services is happening in all childcare services
right now, that is, you can’t get staff, you certainly can’t get
qualified staff, you can get casual staff, the turnover of staff is
enormous, and there are major issues around the training of staff that
we’re getting. And staff are poorly paid, the conditions are awful,
there is no career path in the sector, and so there are a lot of
fundamentals to get right before you start worrying about who’s
actually providing the care. In my view now, I don’t think it’s
appropriate or OK for parents to go to work on the back of the wages of
poorly paid staff in childcare services, I don’t think it’s OK for
services to have ratios of one to five for babies. I mean I can’t
imagine looking after five babies, I just think that’s just an
impossible task, and if you had quadruplets in this country you’d get
support. So there are some quite fundamental things that you have to
get right in order for us to actually set this sector OK.<br><br>Childcare workers are currently battling in the Industrial Relations
Courts in Victoria, South Australia and the ACT for wage rises. The
childcare entrepreneurs are opposing them.<br>
If low wages are one pillar of the childcare business, government funding is the other.<br><br>As the use of childcare has skyrocketed in Australia, 80% of the
country’s four-year-olds are now spending some time in some form of
care each week, and she asks, do we want that care to be run by
well-trained professionals who can properly guide a child’s development
at that critical time.<br>
<br>
For example, the ratio of carers to children in babies’ rooms in New
South Wales is one to five. In Queensland it’s one to four. Group
leaders in Queensland must be two-year trained, in New South Wales,
three year trained.<br><br>oy Goodfellow is an early childhood expert at Macquarie University. She
recently wrote a paper titled ‘Is the marketplace influencing our view
of the child?’ which focused on the shift in who is seen as ‘the
consumer’ of childcare services. Once it was the child, now apparently,
it’s the parent.<br>
<br>
Joy Goodfellow is concerned that profit-driven
childcare services have lost sight of just how critical it is for
children’s development to build consistent, long-term relationships
between children and childcare workers.<br>
<br>
Joy Goodfellow: So where
we have situations where an organisation is trying to cut its costs and
salaries are the high cost, for example, in a not-for-profit
organisation you could expect salary costs to be around 80% of their
total budget. The corporate sector and the two corporates that I’ve
looked at are Peppercorn and ABC Learning. They hope to keep their
budgets down under 50%. So the way you keep your salary budget down
under 50% is to think about the cost of staff in your centre. So you
might want to employ people who have lesser qualification if your
regulation allows you to do that. It might say you want to have higher
numbers of casual staff so that you can then put those staff off if you
don’t have the children there. It might mean that in a day you have
only maybe a small handful of children left in the afternoon, so you
say OK, we’ll group all those children together under this staff
member, and send the other staff member home. So there are things, or
practices that can occur that are I believe, detrimental to children
but they are undertaken in order to economise.<br><br><br>Wannan says that in the past 15 years the number of privately run
centres in Australia has risen from fewer than half the total to 70 per
cent, with many community centres closing or being taken over.<br>
<br>
This dismays Lynne Wannan, the convener of the National Association of <a tiddlylink="Community-Based" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'Community-Based' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">Community-Based</a>
Children's Services, who has recently returned from a tour of Canada
campaigning to prevent an Australian-style "privatisation" of
child-care services there.<br><br><span style="text-decoration: underline;">"But instead
of increased competition, lower prices and improved quality, the
reverse has happened,</span>" she says. "It has led to a classic market
failure."<br><br><br>
In 1991, the Keating Labor Government introduced childcare subsidies
which were aimed at the creation of better funding levels for
children's services. While this did inject more funds into services, it
was also a signal to corporate opportunists to develop methods of
capitalising on these government subsidies and corporatising childcare.<br>
<br>
<br>
In 2000, the Coalition Government introduced the Child Care Benefit
scheme and, with a higher funding level for services, more
opportunities were created for private operators to achieve greater
profitability. While the benefits of the corporatisation of early
childhood education are debatable, these corporations have certainly
capitalised on childcare, through the float of their shares on the
Australian Stock Exchange (ASX) and an astronomical rise in their share
pricings.<br>
<br>
<br>
It has long been argued that privatisation and corporatised
competition drives the market towards creating cheaper and more
efficient services but, as history has shown, it can also sometimes
result in poorly-managed businesses and a decrease in the quality of
product and service. In the drive to create profits and to appease
shareholders, businesses can become unrealistically ambitious within
their markets and collapse in a spectacular fashion, as was the case
with HIH in Australia and Enron in the United States.<br>
<br>
<br>
According to Federal Government's figures, while the cost of a
typical childcare cost is $94.70 each week, a family pays only $33.10,
with the $61.60 being paid by the government directly to the service
provider. With over 60 per cent of all revenue for childcare centres
coming from government subsidies, this means that within these
corporatised services, shareholder profits are directly supported by
taxpayer funds. And it is this area which is of great concern to
community-based centres and to the general community. It also raises
the question of whether it is ethical for government funds to be
diverted into shareholder profits, or whether these funds should be
maintained for the quality care and education of young children and the
creation of better working conditions for childcare workers.<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
<span style="font-weight: bold;"><br></span><br><hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><h1><hi>Child Care Workers</hi></h1><span style="font-style: italic;">NOTE : </span><span style="font-style: italic;" id="m_ucCompleteMessage18245_m_ucBasicMessage_m_lblTextValue">I
have a window into chilcare as my wife works in this field, Even with
level three qualificatons and 5 years experience at $19 per hour, the
pay is less than you can get as an uneducated worker in most fields.<br><br>MAY 2005:</span><span style="font-style: italic;">The Australian Industrial Relations Commission this week approved pay
rises of between $6 and $146 per week for the15,000-odd childcare
workers, whose current qualified pay rate is just $14 an hour<br><br>Fulltime childcare workers earn a pittance _ as little as $25,000 a year. So, why don’t we pay them m<br><br></span>After complaints in 2004 that ABC had been underpaying its staff and
forcing them to clean toilets and buy their own uniforms, the
Queensland branch of the union that represents child-care workers, the
Liquor, Hospitality and Miscellaneous Union, handed parents pamphlets
which Groves says portrayed him as "mean and greedy" and implied he was
"trying to drive down low wages of child-care workers to line his own
pockets".<br>
<br>
In an unprecedented action, Groves sued the union's
Queensland secretary, Ron Monaghan, for defamation. This has had the
extraordinary outcome that none of the union's officials contacted by
the Herald would risk commenting on the pay or conditions of ABC staff.<br>
<br>
The
union's officer responsible for child-care workers in NSW, Jim Lloyd,
said: "I am not able to comment on ABC at all." When asked whether this
was connected with the litigation in Queensland, he said: "Good
question."<br>
<br>
Even after the substantial rises granted this week, the minimum award
rate for a child-care worker with one year's experience is $611 a week.
However, ABC workers' pay cannot be independently verified because they
are required to sign confidential agreements. Groves has pointed out
that, in return, they are issued with 150 shares (currently worth
$1200) as a signing bonus - and he says he has a low staff turnover
rate of 8 per cent a year.<br>
_____________CRIKEY ____________<br><span style="font-weight: bold;"><br></span><hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><h1><span style="font-weight: bold;">GOv'T FUNDING</span></h1><br>
The
Federal Government already pours $1.7-billion a year into childcare
through the Child Care Benefit payments. ABC Learning Centre’s business
plan relies on these taxpayer dollars for 50% of its revenue.<br><br>Federal government child-care subsidies have provided the foundations on which ABC Learning was built.<br>
<br>
Indeed, Federal Government subsidies contributed about 45% to ABC Learning's Australian revenue last financial year.<br>
<br>
One of the planks of John Howard's election pitch was the Liberal Party's $687 million child-care plan.<br>
<br>
If
it won the election, the Coalition planned to pay the child-care rebate
directly to operators, instead of directly to parents, from April 1.
Directly to operators such as ABC Learning, which dominates the market.<br>
<br>
The
company's share price soared on that news - up from $5.52 before the
announcement to a high $6.28, before settling back to close at $5.99.<br><br><br>
According to an Australian Bureau of Statistics
survey, the cost of child care rose 10 per cent last year, and is up 62
per cent in the past four years. Some Sydney centres are charging $100
a day. In a bid to forestall this, when he announced a backdating of
the tax rebate in December 2004, the Treasurer, Peter Costello, warned
operators not to exploit the subsidy by increasing fees. Six months
later, ABC substantially increased its charges.<br>
<br>
he Federal Government pays parents a means-tested subsidy for each
child, ranging from $144 a week to $24.15 a week for parents earning
more than $95,683. In addition, from July 1, 2004, there is a 30 per
cent tax rebate on the balance of the cost of care, although parents
have been upset by the fine print which caps the rebate at $4000 and
postpones its payment for two years.<br>
<br>
Messara has calculated that
between 1990 and 2004, federal funding for child care has grown from
$200 million a year to $1.5 billion, increasing at an annual rate of
14.4 per cent, or four times the annual economic growth rate. This
year, with the first rebate payments, there will be close to $2 billion
to be fought over by private corporations and community-based centres.<br>
<br>
A spokesman for ABC - Groves declined five requests for an interview
over five weeks - confirmed the company received 44 per cent of its
income from government subsidies: $128 million of its $292 million
revenue last year.<br><br><br style="font-weight: bold;">
<span style="font-weight: bold;">Much of Groves’ wealth is earned from the Australian taxpayer through
family assistance payments, with the company hauling in up to $1
million a day from the federal government. ABC Learning is Australia’s
most subsidised company. Financial analysts in favour of ABC stocks
have called it “legislated growth”.</span><br><br><hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><h1>GROVES</h1>Born in South Africa and resident on the Gold Coast, "Eddy" Groves was
ranked No. 2 on BRW's list of the richest Australians aged under 40
last year, with an estimated wealth of $272 million.<h1><span style="font-weight: bold;"></span></h1><span style="font-weight: bold;"><br><br></span><hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><span style="font-weight: bold;"><br>By November 2005, </span>it had 697 childcare centres throughout Australia and New Zealand. In March 2006, it forecast that would have 950 centres in Australia and New Zealand by June 30, 2006.
<br><br style="font-weight: bold;"><span style="font-weight: bold;">On December 13, 2006 i</span>t was announced that ABC would acquire the second largest child care provider in the United States, Chicago based La Petite Academy for 330 million US Dollars as well as the 5th largest provider in the UK, Busy Bees Group, Ltd. With these acquisitions they are expanding into the UK market and increasing their market share in the US to 1%.[4]<br> It has expanded aggressively into the outsourcing of child care services, negotiating deals with some of Australia's largest employers including the Australian Department of Defence which involved taking over the Department's nineteen childcare facilities. Aside from offshore expansion, the company is also expanding in training and education.<br><br> It runs the ABC Early Childhood Training College, providing training for childcare workers, publishes a magazine Small Wonders aimed at parents with young children.
It is a highly profitable company, in the FY2004/5 recording net profit after tax of $52.3 million on total revenues of $292.7 million. <br><br><span style="font-weight: bold;">The six months ending 31 December 2005 </span>showed no slowing in the financial momentum for the company with profit after tax reaching $38 million and revenues of $219.8 million.
ABC Learning received $128 million of its revenue from government subsidies in the last financial year.<br><br><span><p style="text-decoration: underline;">An unexpected drop of 42 per cent in profit in the second half of
2007 to $37.1 million and adverse market rumors about its $1.8 billion
debt triggered a decline in the company's share price. Several
directors of the company were then forced to dump millions of shares
after receiving <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Margin_call" class="mw-redirect" title="Margin call">margin calls</a>. The combined effects caused the share price to plummet 43% to $2.15 after trading as low as $0.15. <sup id="_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ABC_Learning#_note-5" title="">[6]</a></sup></p>
<p>The timing of the share dumps have raised questions about <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insider_trading" title="Insider trading">insider trading</a>.<sup id="_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ABC_Learning#_note-6" title="">[7]</a></sup></p><p><br></p></span>ABC Learning chief executive Eddy Groves was until this week Austock's
pin-up boy for having driven expansion across three continents that
assembled more than 2300 childcare centres with $2 billion of borrowing.<br>Groves approached Austock in 1997 as a young man and was provided with
$6 million in capital to start his business. Austock mentored Groves
for four years before they floated ABC.<br><br style="font-weight: bold;"><span style="font-weight: bold;">BB<br></span><a tiddlylink="ABC Radio National - Background Briefing: 22 February 1998 - Child Care Pains" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkExisting" title="ABC Radio National - Background Briefing: 22 February 1998 - Child Care Pains - ratbagradio, Thursday, February 28, 2008 12:09:00 AM" href="javascript:;">ABC Radio National - Background Briefing: 22 February 1998 - Child Care Pains</a><br>With 600,000 children in child care, the cost to government has soared
to more than a billion dollars a year. There's been massive growth in
the past five years. In the early 1990s the Labor Government extended
child care funding, and for the first time gave assistance to parents
who had their children in private 'for-profit' child care centres.<br>Private centres then sprang up like mushrooms, and the non-profit
community centres which had always been publicly funded, quickly became
a minority. When the child care taskforce reported back in 1996 it
found the system was based on a mish-mash of subsidies, some for
parents, some for businesses, and others for different types of care.
It recommended all these subsidies be phased out over the next ten
years, and replaced with a new, single payment to parents.<br>Lyn Wannan is the Convenor of the National Association of Community Centres.<br>Lyn Wannan: I mean we know right now that Government policy is for no
growth in the community-based sector and for still some considerable
growth in the private sector. My view is that we need to retain a
community service sector, a non-profit community-owned sector. I think
that has to be a priority of government. I fear the loss of it
altogether. It has been the community-based sector which has fought
hard for the quality standards and regulations, and it has been the
community-based sector which has actually set the price in the past.<br><br>The push for regulations at that time was led by pre-school
associations, worried about the standard of informal care. Today an
estimated 180,000 children under the age of five are being looked after
in home-based, informal care. These are the everyday babysitting
arrangements made between families and friends, as well as the
money-making neighbourhood ventures. But not to be confused with Family
Day Care, which is a government-funded and licensed home-based scheme.<br><br><a tiddlylink="ABC Radio National - Background Briefing: 3 October 2004 - Child-Care Profits" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkExisting" title="ABC Radio National - Background Briefing: 3 October 2004 - Child-Care Profits - ratbagradio, Thursday, February 28, 2008 12:11:00 AM" href="javascript:;">ABC Radio National - Background Briefing: 3 October 2004 - Child-Care Profits</a><br><br>As the rivers of public cash flow into childcare, who’s going to
benefit the most? Will it be parents who can go back to work? Or
children who get started on early learning programs, or will it be the
new breed of childcare centre owners who can’t believe their luck?<br><br>ABC News 9/9/04:Alan Kohler: Most of the action on the share market today was in the
childcare business. The three biggest listed operators of crèches, ABC
Learning Centres, Childcare Centres of Australia and Peppercorn
Management, announced a three-way merger with ABC on top. Now the share
prices of all three went up, but the big winner was Peppercorn, and
there was also a bit of interest in Qantas…<br><br>Gerald Tooth: The once cottage industry of childcare, run by
not-for-profit organisations and small private operators, is being
rapidly corporatised. That is, large stock market listed companies have
flooded into the sector which they see as a goldmine of profit
opportunity. It might be good news for you, if you’re an investor, but
is it good news for you and your children if you’re a parent?<br><br>Eddy Groves and his wife Le Neve. The former milkman now owns the
Brisbane Bullets Basketball team and has an estimated personal wealth
of $175-million. Most of that has been made from childcare.<br><br>Eddy Groves set up the company in 1988. In 2001 he floated it on the
stock market. At that stage he owned 31 childcare centres in South East
Queensland. Now, just three years later, he’s got 750 right across
Australia.<br><br>There are around four-and-a-half-thousand day care centres across
Australia. Traditionally the sector was dominated by small-scale
operators, community run not-for-profit organisations and small
privately-run centres.<br><br>But in 1997 the Howard Government
scrapped direct subsidies to not-for-profit childcare centres and in a
single stroke, childcare was changed. Where around 40% of government
funding had gone directly to centres, now all of it went to parents
through Child Care Benefit payments, that they pass on to the centre of
their choice. With access to a new funding stream, private centres
boomed and with the not-for-profits decimated, childcare was opened up
as a lucrative field for profit making.<br><br>Seven years later, the
government has more than doubled its childcare spend and the childcare
sector is now seen as an industry, a multi-billion dollars industry.
And it’s the new corporate players that dominate, with their
shareholder backing, management systems and economies of scale. And
it’s all happened in the mere blink of an eye.<br><br>ABC Learning
Centres led the way as the first to list on the Stock Exchange just
three years ago in 2001. Others quickly followed: Child Care Centres
Australia, <a tiddlylink="FutureOne" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'FutureOne' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">FutureOne</a>, Peppercorn Management Group and Hutchison’s Childcare services,<br><br>With
the recent merger of ABC Learning Centres, Peppercorn and Child Care
Centres Australia, Eddy Groves’ company will now control 750 centres.
And as he said earlier, he reckons the company will soon be worth a
billion dollars.<br><br>Meanwhile, most childcare workers are paid $10 to $12 an hour. That’s about $22,000 to $25,000 a year.<br><br style="font-style: italic;"><span style="font-style: italic;">NOTE : </span><span style="font-style: italic;" id="m_ucCompleteMessage18245_m_ucBasicMessage_m_lblTextValue">I
have a window into chilcare as my wife works in this field, Even with
level three qualificatons and 5 years experience at $19 per hour, the
pay is less than you can get as an uneducated worker in most fields.<br><br>MAY 2005:</span><span style="font-style: italic;">The Australian Industrial Relations Commission this week approved pay
rises of between $6 and $146 per week for the15,000-odd childcare
workers, whose current qualified pay rate is just $14 an hour<br><br>Fulltime childcare workers earn a pittance _ as little as $25,000 a year. So, why don’t we pay them more? <br><br></span>Pam Cahir of Early Childhood Australia.<br><br>Pam Cahir: What’s
happening in childcare services is happening in all childcare services
right now, that is, you can’t get staff, you certainly can’t get
qualified staff, you can get casual staff, the turnover of staff is
enormous, and there are major issues around the training of staff that
we’re getting. And staff are poorly paid, the conditions are awful,
there is no career path in the sector, and so there are a lot of
fundamentals to get right before you start worrying about who’s
actually providing the care. In my view now, I don’t think it’s
appropriate or OK for parents to go to work on the back of the wages of
poorly paid staff in childcare services, I don’t think it’s OK for
services to have ratios of one to five for babies. I mean I can’t
imagine looking after five babies, I just think that’s just an
impossible task, and if you had quadruplets in this country you’d get
support. So there are some quite fundamental things that you have to
get right in order for us to actually set this sector OK.<br><br>Childcare workers are currently battling in the Industrial Relations
Courts in Victoria, South Australia and the ACT for wage rises. The
childcare entrepreneurs are opposing them.<br>If low wages are one pillar of the childcare business, government funding is the other.<br><br>The
Federal Government already pours $1.7-billion a year into childcare
through the Child Care Benefit payments. ABC Learning Centre’s business
plan relies on these taxpayer dollars for 50% of its revenue.<br><br>The debate about the privatisation of Telstra has been endless and
consumed hundreds of hours of parliamentary debate and produced
kilometres of newspaper copy, but when it comes to the question of
whether we should be selling shares in how we raise our children there
has only been the merest of squeaks.<br><br>As the use of childcare has skyrocketed in Australia, 80% of the
country’s four-year-olds are now spending some time in some form of
care each week, and she asks, do we want that care to be run by
well-trained professionals who can properly guide a child’s development
at that critical time.<br><br>For example, the ratio of carers to children in babies’ rooms in New
South Wales is one to five. In Queensland it’s one to four. Group
leaders in Queensland must be two-year trained, in New South Wales,
three year trained.<br><br>oy Goodfellow is an early childhood expert at Macquarie University. She
recently wrote a paper titled ‘Is the marketplace influencing our view
of the child?’ which focused on the shift in who is seen as ‘the
consumer’ of childcare services. Once it was the child, now apparently,
it’s the parent.<br><br>Joy Goodfellow is concerned that profit-driven
childcare services have lost sight of just how critical it is for
children’s development to build consistent, long-term relationships
between children and childcare workers.<br><br>Joy Goodfellow: So where
we have situations where an organisation is trying to cut its costs and
salaries are the high cost, for example, in a not-for-profit
organisation you could expect salary costs to be around 80% of their
total budget. The corporate sector and the two corporates that I’ve
looked at are Peppercorn and ABC Learning. They hope to keep their
budgets down under 50%. So the way you keep your salary budget down
under 50% is to think about the cost of staff in your centre. So you
might want to employ people who have lesser qualification if your
regulation allows you to do that. It might say you want to have higher
numbers of casual staff so that you can then put those staff off if you
don’t have the children there. It might mean that in a day you have
only maybe a small handful of children left in the afternoon, so you
say OK, we’ll group all those children together under this staff
member, and send the other staff member home. So there are things, or
practices that can occur that are I believe, detrimental to children
but they are undertaken in order to economise.<br><br>With ABC Learning Centres now owning 750 centres, what would be the
impact on children if such a large player found itself in financial
difficulty?<br><br>The recent history of Child Care Centres Australia provides a salutary
insight. Caroline Fewster is an Associate Professor in Early Childhood
at Bond University on the Gold Coast. She was also a board member of
Child Care Centres Australia, a board that was chaired by Liberal party
figure, Andrew Peacock.<br><br>CCCA was heading down a similar path to
ABC Learning Centres. It had floated on the stockmarket with the help
of Andrew Peacock’s son-in-law and prominent Liberal, Michael Kroger.
The company was rapidly expanding when it acquired 41 centres in
Western Australia.<br><br>The company hadn’t done its sums properly
though, overestimating its profits by almost 90%. The whole thing went
belly-up and shares were suspended from trading.<br><br>NEWS___________________________<br><br><br>After amassing a $270 million personal fortune by the age of 40,
Eddy Groves lost $45 million in just two hours on Tuesday morning.<br>Sadly for them, Eddy can be a hard man to track down. His preferred mode of transport is a private Citation <a tiddlylink="CJ3" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'CJ3' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">CJ3</a> jet, which means he can whip in and out of Australia's airports at will.<br><br>It's the very same model that famous flying Australian Dick Smith
likes to get about in and, in case you were wondering, they cost about $<a tiddlylink="US7" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'US7' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">US7</a> million ($A7.45 million). Which isn't quite as much as Eddy and his co-directors have blown in margin calls this week.<br><br>Federal government child-care subsidies have provided the foundations on which ABC Learning was built.<br><br>Indeed, Federal Government subsidies contributed about 45% to ABC Learning's Australian revenue last financial year.<br><br>One of the planks of John Howard's election pitch was the Liberal Party's $687 million child-care plan.<br><br>If
it won the election, the Coalition planned to pay the child-care rebate
directly to operators, instead of directly to parents, from April 1.
Directly to operators such as ABC Learning, which dominates the market.<br><br>The
company's share price soared on that news - up from $5.52 before the
announcement to a high $6.28, before settling back to close at $5.99.<br><br>n a recent presentation to sharemarket investors Mr Groves said ABC was
on target to increase the number of its centres in Australia and New
Zealand from 660 in the middle of last year to 850 by the end of June.
The company has more than tripled the number of its centres in three
years.<br><br>It has snapped up three rival sharemarket-listed
child-care operators since late-2003, and in November last year spent
$218 million buying the third-largest operator in the US, the Learning
Care Group.<br><br>The company has also bought a handful of privately
owned child-care companies, including the Sydney-based Universal
Childcare, for $18 million, in October. The stake of Mr Groves and his
wife, Le Neve, in ABC is now valued at $350 million.<br><br>The chairman of Kids Campus, John Murphy, declined to confirm speculation his company was in talks with ABC.<br><br>The Association of Community Based Children's Services has raised alarm over the potential deal.<br><br>The
association's chairwoman, Lynne Wannan, said it would result in more
child-care operators having a stronger motive to make profits and
please shareholders, rather than provide quality child care.<br><br>Source: <a target="_blank" title="External link to http://www.theaustralian.news.com.au/story/0,25197,23288077-20142,00.html" href="http://www.theaustralian.news.com.au/story/0,25197,23288077-20142,00.html" class="externalLink">Childcare business spoonfed : The Australian</a><br>n June last year, ABC reported owning 1188 centres across Australia and
New Zealand and 35 owned and 12 managed nurseries in Britain. In recent
months it has expanded its interests in the US and now owns 1015
centres to become that country's second-biggest provider. While figures
are hard to pin down, ABC's estimated control of the overall market in
Australia ranges between 20 and 30 per cent across the board, and in
some regions such as Victoria is understood to be even higher.<br><br>Ahead
of last November's federal election, Labor offered a $1.5billion
childcare policy, increasing the Child Care Tax rebate from 30 per cent
to 50per cent of formal childcare costs to a new cap of $7500 a child.<br><br>___________________<br>What happens when the Government throws $2 billion into child care? Meet Fast Eddy Groves<br>Source: <a target="_blank" title="External link to http://www.smh.com.au/news/national/cradle-snatcher/2006/03/10/1141701698670.html?page=fullpage#contentSwap2" href="http://www.smh.com.au/news/national/cradle-snatcher/2006/03/10/1141701698670.html?page=fullpage#contentSwap2" class="externalLink">Cradle snatcher - National - smh.com.au</a><br>Since then centres such as Clovelly have been struggling to stay
afloat. Almost overnight they lost their taxpayer-funded operating
subsidy of $38,000 a year, and had to raise their fees. Twenty years
ago, the centre charged $55 a week, says Pender. Today it's $55 a day
for the 55 children who are two or over and $60 for those aged under
two.<br><br>Born in South Africa and resident on the Gold Coast, "Eddy" Groves was
ranked No. 2 on BRW's list of the richest Australians aged under 40
last year, with an estimated wealth of $272 million.<br><br>As well as
holding 14.5 per cent of ABC (with his wife and co-director Le Neve)
Groves is a director of more than 40 other companies. He controls
Quantum Foods, one of Queensland's largest milk distributors; he is a
director of Bet Worldwide, which owns Canberra's online gaming venture
Sports Acumen; and he is often seen courtside at Brisbane Bullets
games, the erratic basketball team he owns.<br><br>Wannan says that in the past 15 years the number of privately run
centres in Australia has risen from fewer than half the total to 70 per
cent, with many community centres closing or being taken over.<br><br>This dismays Lynne Wannan, the convener of the National Association of <a tiddlylink="Community-Based" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'Community-Based' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">Community-Based</a>
Children's Services, who has recently returned from a tour of Canada
campaigning to prevent an Australian-style "privatisation" of
child-care services there.<br><br>The association formally objected to
ABC's takeover of the rival Peppercorn group in 2004 to the Australian
Competition and Consumer Commission, on the grounds that it would lead
to regional monopolies. The commission allowed the takeover to go ahead
after ABC gave undertakings to close some centres - it has shut or sold
60 - and not to buy any more in certain regional markets. Wannan says
that in the past 15 years the number of privately run centres in
Australia has risen from fewer than half the total to 70 per cent, with
many community centres closing or being taken over.<br><br>"But instead
of increased competition, lower prices and improved quality, the
reverse has happened," she says. "It has led to a classic market
failure."<br><br>According to an Australian Bureau of Statistics
survey, the cost of child care rose 10 per cent last year, and is up 62
per cent in the past four years. Some Sydney centres are charging $100
a day. In a bid to forestall this, when he announced a backdating of
the tax rebate in December 2004, the Treasurer, Peter Costello, warned
operators not to exploit the subsidy by increasing fees. Six months
later, ABC substantially increased its charges.<br><br>he Federal Government pays parents a means-tested subsidy for each
child, ranging from $144 a week to $24.15 a week for parents earning
more than $95,683. In addition, from July 1, 2004, there is a 30 per
cent tax rebate on the balance of the cost of care, although parents
have been upset by the fine print which caps the rebate at $4000 and
postpones its payment for two years.<br><br>Messara has calculated that
between 1990 and 2004, federal funding for child care has grown from
$200 million a year to $1.5 billion, increasing at an annual rate of
14.4 per cent, or four times the annual economic growth rate. This
year, with the first rebate payments, there will be close to $2 billion
to be fought over by private corporations and community-based centres.<br><br>A spokesman for ABC - Groves declined five requests for an interview
over five weeks - confirmed the company received 44 per cent of its
income from government subsidies: $128 million of its $292 million
revenue last year.<br><br>Messara's calculations give investors an even juicier insight. In the
five years to 2008 he expects ABC to make net profits of $379 million.
If that figure of 44 per cent remains constant, this will represent
$167 million of taxpayers' money transferred directly into the pockets
of Eddy and Le Neve Groves and their fellow shareholders - on top of
the $400,000 salary packages the two receive.<br><br>After complaints in 2004 that ABC had been underpaying its staff and
forcing them to clean toilets and buy their own uniforms, the
Queensland branch of the union that represents child-care workers, the
Liquor, Hospitality and Miscellaneous Union, handed parents pamphlets
which Groves says portrayed him as "mean and greedy" and implied he was
"trying to drive down low wages of child-care workers to line his own
pockets".<br><br>In an unprecedented action, Groves sued the union's
Queensland secretary, Ron Monaghan, for defamation. This has had the
extraordinary outcome that none of the union's officials contacted by
the Herald would risk commenting on the pay or conditions of ABC staff.<br><br>The
union's officer responsible for child-care workers in NSW, Jim Lloyd,
said: "I am not able to comment on ABC at all." When asked whether this
was connected with the litigation in Queensland, he said: "Good
question."<br><br>Even after the substantial rises granted this week, the minimum award
rate for a child-care worker with one year's experience is $611 a week.
However, ABC workers' pay cannot be independently verified because they
are required to sign confidential agreements. Groves has pointed out
that, in return, they are issued with 150 shares (currently worth
$1200) as a signing bonus - and he says he has a low staff turnover
rate of 8 per cent a year.<br>_____________CRIKEY ____________<br><br style="font-weight: bold;"><br style="font-weight: bold;"><span style="font-weight: bold;">Much of Groves’ wealth is earned from the Australian taxpayer through
family assistance payments, with the company hauling in up to $1
million a day from the federal government. ABC Learning is Australia’s
most subsidised company. Financial analysts in favour of ABC stocks
have called it “legislated growth”.<br><br></span><br>ABC Learning's half-year earnings have dropped by 42 per cent to
$37.1 million, prompting investor concerns about the company's debt
structure.<br><br>At one stage today, shares dropped 70 per cent to touch a six-year low of $1.15, but have closed at $2.14.<br><br>The company, which has been in a massive expansion phase in the past
two years, has a negative balance of hard physical assets to intangible
assets to the tune of $1.75 per share.<br><br>The company also has $1.2 billion of debt repayable in three years, and $600 million of convertible notes on a nine-year term.<br><br>____<br><br><br>Source: <a target="_blank" title="External link to http://www.armedia.net.au/archive/2002b/edit03.html" href="http://www.armedia.net.au/archive/2002b/edit03.html" class="externalLink">The selling out of children's services</a><br><br>In 1991, the Keating Labor Government introduced childcare subsidies
which were aimed at the creation of better funding levels for
children's services. While this did inject more funds into services, it
was also a signal to corporate opportunists to develop methods of
capitalising on these government subsidies and corporatising childcare.<br><br><br>In 2000, the Coalition Government introduced the Child Care Benefit
scheme and, with a higher funding level for services, more
opportunities were created for private operators to achieve greater
profitability. While the benefits of the corporatisation of early
childhood education are debatable, these corporations have certainly
capitalised on childcare, through the float of their shares on the
Australian Stock Exchange (ASX) and an astronomical rise in their share
pricings.<br><br><br>It has long been argued that privatisation and corporatised
competition drives the market towards creating cheaper and more
efficient services but, as history has shown, it can also sometimes
result in poorly-managed businesses and a decrease in the quality of
product and service. In the drive to create profits and to appease
shareholders, businesses can become unrealistically ambitious within
their markets and collapse in a spectacular fashion, as was the case
with HIH in Australia and Enron in the United States.<br><br><br>According to Federal Government's figures, while the cost of a
typical childcare cost is $94.70 each week, a family pays only $33.10,
with the $61.60 being paid by the government directly to the service
provider. With over 60 per cent of all revenue for childcare centres
coming from government subsidies, this means that within these
corporatised services, shareholder profits are directly supported by
taxpayer funds. And it is this area which is of great concern to
community-based centres and to the general community. It also raises
the question of whether it is ethical for government funds to be
diverted into shareholder profits, or whether these funds should be
maintained for the quality care and education of young children and the
creation of better working conditions for childcare workers.<br><br><br><br><br><span style="font-weight: bold;"><br><br></span><br></html>
ABC Learning halts trading
Posted 4 hours 23 minutes ago
Updated 3 hours 27 minutes ago
ABC Learning Centres Ltd CEO Eddie Groves
Eddy Groves says the share slump will not affect the operation of ABC Learning Centres. (File photo) (AAP: Dave Hunt)
* Video: Groves reassures ABC Learning investors (ABC News)
* Related Story: Debt concerns slash ABC Learning's share price
Childcare operator ABC Learning Centres says there are interested buyers for parts of the business.
The company has asked for a two-day trading halt on its shares, but it says discussions might take longer.
The company's shares were yesterday dumped on the Australian Stock Exchange, tumbling 43 per cent to $2.14 in response to a sharp fall in profits and questions over its debt levels.
Yesterday, chief executive Eddy Groves said investors have clearly been disappointed by the profit result, but the company is equipped to meet its debt obligations.
He said the tumble will not force the closure of any of its centres.
"It's the share price and the share market, but there's no effect to our business," he said.
Tags: business-economics-and-finance, company-news, australia
Source: [[ABC Learning halts trading - ABC News (Australian Broadcasting Corporation)|http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2008/02/27/2173864.htm]]
ABC Learning loses mentor's support
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Tim Blue and Sarah Elks | February 28, 2008
STRUGGLING childcare giant ABC Learning has long enjoyed the support of its brokers, even until Monday.
Melbourne-based broker Austock, which took ABC Learning to a share market float, had a buy recommendation on the stock until the release of the earnings figures.
Other brokers were disappointed, but did not declare ABC Learning a sell.
On Monday immediately after the earnings bombshell, Citigroup described ABC Learning as a hold, immediately followed by the words high-risk.
The anonymous analyst at the broker said company shares then trading at $3.74 would rise as high as $4.25, or lower than previous predictions of $5.60 a share.
Within hours of the result, ABC Learning shares plunged to $2.14, before being suspended.
ABC Learning chief executive Eddy Groves was until this week Austock's pin-up boy for having driven expansion across three continents that assembled more than 2300 childcare centres with $2 billion of borrowing.
Groves approached Austock in 1997 as a young man and was provided with $6 million in capital to start his business. Austock mentored Groves for four years before they floated ABC.
Austock chairman Bill Bessemer is an ABC director, while Groves owns 4 per cent of Austock. Mr Boyle confirmed that Austock earned $27 million in ABC work in 2006 and $2.5 million last year. "We are mainly an Australian broker and were not able to help him as much when he went offshore," he said.
Macquarie Bank analysts have an "underperform" recommendation, and have described future earnings guidance as "a stretch".
They also highlighted ABC's debt levels of roughly $1.7 billion.
Meanwhile, watchdog ASIC is keeping a close interest. Commissioner Belinda Gibson said: "Given the current market volatility you can assume that ASIC and the ASX are monitoring the market and its participants even more closely than we do normally."
But one anonymous broker slammed what he saw as the lack of oversight by regulators on short selling.
"It's disgusting that the hedge funds, the ASX, ASIC and all regulatory bodies have allowed this to happen," one broker, who did not want to be identified, said.
"Only last Friday ABC Learning was trading at $4, the hedge funds knew Mr Groves had a margin position against his stock and the fact that they were allowed to continually sell and put pressure on the share price to push it down to $1.15 was just disgraceful and it's not what the market is about."
Additional reporting by Lisa Macnamara
Source: [[ABC Learning loses mentor's support : The Australian|http://www.theaustralian.news.com.au/story/0,25197,23287092-20142,00.html]]
Sundays at 9.10am, repeated Tuesdays at 7.10pm
Child Care Pains
Sunday 22 February 1998
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Program Transcript
THEME
Chris Bullock: A generation of Australian children and their parents have had their lives transformed by affordable, safe child care.
The first child care children of the '70s are standing at the door of the creche again today, dropping off their own children.
But the political ground is shifting; many parents are finding that child care is not such an attractive prospect, and there are those who would warn them off altogether.
John Bradford: Look, I think it's really the value you place on motherhood, and it seems to me that we've downgraded that. We've made women feel guilty about staying out of the workforce. In fact I think a couple of feminists have basically sort of said if they weren't in the workforce shortly after they had babies, then they were essentially bludging. But I think motherhood's very important. I can't imagine a higher calling for a woman than to put that time into the development of young lives in their most formative years.
Chris Bullock: John Bradford is the Liberal member for McPherson on the Gold Coast, and he's a prominent member of the Lyons Forum, a prayer and policy advice group with strong views on social policy areas, like family values and child care.
There are many reasons why women would choose to work or to stay at home: the highest calling of motherhood may be one, but there are more mundane reasons, like making ends meet.
I'm Chris Bullock and welcome to Background Briefing.
'WIZARD OF OZ' VIDEO
In the western suburbs of Melbourne, a little girl is perched on a lounge chair, watching her favourite film.
What are you watching?
Cassandra: 'The Wizard of Oz'.
Chris Bullock: Cassandra is four, and until the end of last year, she and her two-year-old sister Jessica went to a child care centre for three days a week. Their mother, Diane, had a part-time job, until she had to make a difficult decision.
Diane: I want to work, I want to work part-time, but I keep on doing the sums and they just keep on coming up in a way that makes me think it's not worth it. It's just not worth it. And my husband said to me, 'Look, we can shoulder this child care, it's not just your wage' but as a mother, you don't see it like that, you see it as 'If most of my pay is going in child care, I might as well be at home'. And you've also got the added stresses of people telling you that you're better off at home --
Chris Bullock: That happens a lot, does it?
Diane: It happens a lot. There are two camps, and one is from family and friends who don't work telling you 'Just wait until they go back to school' and the other camp that says, professionals that I know who say, 'You stay out of the workforce too long, and you will find it very difficult to get back in.' And so you make a decision do you work for nothing to keep your hand in, I don't know, I don't know what the answer is.
Chris Bullock: And do you not in the end feel that there will be some big benefit from you staying at home with the children, that will be well and truly worthwhile in the end?
Diane: I really believe that for my children, I don't speak on behalf of other people's children, my children like balance, and they like a stimulating environment and they also love to be at home with their mother. And when I'm working, they are happy, they enjoy going to creche, they enjoy being with other children, and I think that when I was at work last year I had two very happy children. I still have two very happy children, I just have to find things for them outside of the home, and they cost money.
So your occasional care, your ballet, your gym groups, gymbaroos, your swimming lessons, all the things that you can give your children as extras, they cost money, and I've just spent about $400 on that.
Chris Bullock: Diane's dilemma is being repeated in families across Australia.
Patricia Faulkner raised two children with the help of child care; her daughter is now 20 and her son five. Three years ago Patricia Faulkner was given the job of leading a national taskforce on child care.
Patricia Faulkner: With the first child, there was still a stigma attached to women wanting to work and leaving their children, and I remember my mother sort of feeling that I was doing totally the wrong thing, and that child care was not a good option for a child. What surprised me when I came back and did the inquiry, was the number of women who believed that child care is extremely beneficial, and if their children are not getting that benefit they're somehow behind other children who are getting that benefit.
So we had women at home sort of saying 'Well it's not fair that the women at work get the good share of child care, and we're left with our children not having that same opportunity'. So it's been a tremendous cultural shift in the 15 years between my children.
Chris Bullock: Patricia Faulkner was also struck by a change in mood: many working parents were on the verge of quitting child care.
Patricia Faulkner: That's right, and I'm seeing that increasingly that people - I mean we women of the '70s really pushed to get into the workforce, and then I think you're seeing a position at the moment where people are saying 'Well it's not all that we wanted; what we really want is to somehow mix work and caring for children together, and we want men and women to share that equally.' And I think a lot of women have found that they've been doing it on their own for a long time.
The catchcry of the '70s was about choice, that women wanted to be able to choose to work. I don't think they wanted to stay there if they didn't want to work, and I don't think, again I think there's been a change in men and women, both saying that they don't want to be forced to stay in the workforce. They want to choose. I think that the availability of child care permitted people to make a choice, and that's what the women who fought for child care wanted, they wanted to make the choice. So I don't really think it equates to the other side of the Lyons Forum argument that it encourages people into the workforce, because being in the workforce and being a parent is a very difficult thing, and you don't just go into it because there is child care, you go into it for fulfilment, you go into it for a lot of other reasons; you go into it to offer better opportunities for your children. But there are some people that are finding that the choice is not a very attractive one for either the husband or the wife.
Chris Bullock: Patricia Faulkner was personally appointed in 1995 by Prime Minister Paul Keating, to help design a child care system for the future.
With 600,000 children in child care, the cost to government has soared to more than a billion dollars a year. There's been massive growth in the past five years. In the early 1990s the Labor Government extended child care funding, and for the first time gave assistance to parents who had their children in private 'for-profit' child care centres.
Private centres then sprang up like mushrooms, and the non-profit community centres which had always been publicly funded, quickly became a minority. When the child care taskforce reported back in 1996 it found the system was based on a mish-mash of subsidies, some for parents, some for businesses, and others for different types of care. It recommended all these subsidies be phased out over the next ten years, and replaced with a new, single payment to parents.
John Howard's Government, keen to make savings and with a philosophy sympathetic to home-based care, took a cue from the taskforce. It abolished grants to community centres, reduced levels of assistance for long day care, and moved towards a centralised system of payments.
The home-based Family Day Care scheme kept its funding. The big losers are the community centres, which have been forced for the first time to compete on equal terms with private centres.
The community centres say in the past they had used their Government grants to have extra staff, to ensure the highest possible quality of care; that's why they were so popular and always had the longest waiting lists. Now they've had to cut staff and put up their fees, and they're losing children.
Why are the children leaving? Well, it depends on who you ask. The Government says parents are simply exercising a greater choice of child care; the community sector believes children are being forced out of their centres.
Lyn Wannan is the Convenor of the National Association of Community Centres.
Lyn Wannan: I mean we know right now that Government policy is for no growth in the community-based sector and for still some considerable growth in the private sector. My view is that we need to retain a community service sector, a non-profit community-owned sector. I think that has to be a priority of government. I fear the loss of it altogether. It has been the community-based sector which has fought hard for the quality standards and regulations, and it has been the community-based sector which has actually set the price in the past.
Chris Bullock: There were predictions that a great number of children would disappear from the system and that many jobs would be lost as a result of the changes the Coalition Government brought in. Has that been borne out?
Lyn Wannan: Yes it has. We've now seen Australia-wide, fee increases. That's the main problem, the fees are now around about $170 per week per child. That's really the national average though, very high fee increases, that's an increase of about $18 per child per week, which is higher than has been the normal increase in fees. We've found that an average of four families have left child care centres, this is the community-based sector, and those parents cite the high cost of care as the reason for leaving, and in many cases those families, the parents, have one or both of them, decided to move towards part-time care. Some parents are trying to juggle work so they share that. Both work part-time, or they have a grandparent or someone helping with an additional day of care, so that they can really cut down their usage of the formal child care for which they have to pay. So yes, families are leaving, services are closing, children are being placed in alternative forms of care.
Chris Bullock: The community sector's claims are based on surveys conducted in several States. In Western Australia, New South Wales, Victoria, Tasmania, Queensland, and a national survey. But they don't impress the Federal Minister for Family Services, Warwick Smith, because, he says, they're politically motivated.
Warwick Smith: Well there's some contention as to how many people are actually leaving child care. It suits the Labor Party to allege that there are vast numbers, but in actual fact we don't necessarily believe that there are. There are people who are changing the way in which they use some of the child care services. For example, there's large increases in family day care arrangements, and there's been some rationalisation of some of the centres over a period of time, and that's partly because everybody recognises this.
There's been a proliferation of some centres in areas where demand does not need for there to be so many centres, so you're getting that as variations taking place as well, but we're actually seeing an increase in the number of child care places being made available, increased utilisation across the nation, and we've allocated in the Budget process accordingly.
Chris Bullock: The increased utilisation doesn't seem to stack up with what I've come across in research, and there is data coming in from a number of States now: Queensland, New South Wales, Victoria, Western Australia, which is all consistently saying, and this is largely in the community sector, that there are large numbers of children being taken out of long day care centres in particular, that they've been taken out because fees have increased and parents have made a decision that they can no longer afford child care. Now for some of them, perhaps hundreds, perhaps thousands, that means leaving the workforce as well.
Warwick Smith: Well I mean that's rejected. I mean the community-based care arrangements in this country have been provided with strong support over a long period of time, and there's no clear evidence to support what they are saying. The development within the private sector of places, has not seen the allegations that are made by the community --
Chris Bullock: Well I don't think they've done the same research, have they? You're rejecting studies from the National Association of Community-Based Centres, which covered 464 centres across the country; from the New South Wales Council of Social Services, which covered 328 parents I think; New South Wales independent group Families at Work, which covered 1250 surveys; the Queensland Coalition of Child Care Centres --
Warwick Smith: But these are all groups that are in the community sector that are pursuing a political agenda, and I've rejected their surveys. I mean the one that was done --
Chris Bullock: So there's no validity to the families leaving those centres?
Warwick Smith: There is no validity in what they're saying. I mean the one survey that we know about, the New South Wales one, was done one afternoon on a phone poll. It just doesn't stack up; we have a planning system in place which the Labor Party supported through the new Child Care Act, it's endorsed by the industry, there are extensive discussions about how we should proceed with planning and child care in this country, and the allegations that people are leaving in droves is just not borne out by the facts.
This is a sector that's large. I mean there's 180-odd-thousand people that work in this area, and 600-odd-thousand children, $5-billion, this is a large sector, an active sector in our community, a service sector, not an industry, but a service sector, that is profoundly important for the Australian economy and Australian families. So there will be differing views. I need to accommodate those legitimate ones where I can, and make sure that the compass which I'm following is one that points towards getting a better system, and that's what I'm trying to do.
Chris Bullock: You only need to take a drive around the suburbs and you'll see the Vacancy signs outside child care centres. That's a big change from two years ago when it could often take months to find a place for your child.
The survey of 464 community child care centres in December found 80% had increased their fees, 80% had children withdrawn from their care, and 50% of centres said they knew parents who'd given up work to care for children because of the cost of child care.
The Carr family from Newcastle fit the description 'John Howard's Battlers', middle-income earners struggling with jobs, kids and a mortgage.
Stuart works for BHP, and Leonie has always worked too, up until now.
Leonie (speaking to young child): How many grapes do you want? Not too much? Just a few. You want lots, do you?
Chris Bullock: Her last job was with a hospital, but when child care became too expensive last year, Leonie quit and stayed at home to look after their two children.
Leonie: Well the children were going to day care three days a week; on the Wednesday of that week my husband used to work overtime so that he could have a half-day off, so that that kept it down to three-days a week. The costs were round about $56 a day, for two children.
Chris Bullock: Your family's not on a low income, you'd be on a reasonable income, so you're not somebody that already receives a large amount of child care assistance in the first place. So what difference did changes in fees make?
Leonie: Well the changes did affect us, because instead of taking home close on $400 a month from my work, it became just about nothing.
Chris Bullock: And that was entirely due to child care fees, or were there other things involved?
Leonie: No, entirely due to child care. The fees went up over $10 a day per child, and with the child care fees when I started, I earned a low income, what I would call a low income, because I had to pay the child care, but I was quite happy with that because I was still bringing home enough to put my share, or what I felt was my share, into the mortgage. Once the fees went up, it was a case of I was working for child care.
It does worry me, and it upsets me sometimes when I look back at what a wonderful job I had, and I've given it up, and I know that I probably won't get that opportunity again. I probably won't work now for probably four or five years, and in that time, computers and everything else is going to change so much that I'm going to have to retrain and probably start at the bottom again.
Chris Bullock: What do you like about staying at home and not being a working mother? And what do you really miss about going to work?
Leonie: Well I love being home with the kids, and doing things with them, seeing them change. I think sometimes when you're working you miss those things, you're so busy running around that you do miss all those little changes, which has been fantastic. But I do miss the social aspects of work and interaction with other people; you don't spend as much time out and about as you would when you're working. It's great being a mum, and I think it's a wonderful thing for all people if they can do it, but it's also a bit of a pity that you have to miss out on that other aspect of life.
SFX: KIDS PLAYING AT CHILD CARE CENTRE
Chris Bullock: The Vacancy board is out at the centre where Leonie's children used to go. The Director asked that her name not be used. Her not-for-profit centre has places for 50 children.
Director: We've actually got 18 vacancies at the moment. They're in the three to fives mainly, some in the two to three years room.
Chris Bullock: So if you've got 50 places and only 32 of them are filled, what does that do to the books?
Director: Well it makes you have to cut places somewhere. We had to reduce staff at some stages to try and cope with the budget, so that we're not going over and trying to come out even.
Chris Bullock: How do you go about filling the extras, given the prices have already driven a number of people away?
Director: Well it's a lot of advertising, newspapers, letter box drops, things that you never used to have to do, getting advertisements through newspapers coming to you when you have special events.
Chris Bullock: And that's you're job as a Director, to get up that publicity and try and increase the numbers of kids here?
Director: Yes, and take on the role of salesman, because when people do ring up to inquire, you have to sell your service, otherwise they ring somewhere else.
Chris Bullock: You came from a private centre; in your experience has it been the case that community-based centres were often providing a service in terms of ratio of staff to children was well above and beyond what actually they were required to, whereas the private centres were much closer to the bottom line?
Director: Private centres usually only have the minimum amount of qualified staff that they have to have, and minimum amount of ratio staff, whereas community-based centres often have more and above. We have two extra staff members that we don't legally have to have, but choose to have for the benefit of the children as extra help in the rooms.
Chris Bullock: Private centres say they can still offer the same quality of care, even though they may have less staff. Their view is that the cutting of grants to community centres simply levelled the industry playing field.
SFX ABC LEARNING SCHOOL
Woman: Director could mean directing traffic, what does director mean? Just jot down a few ideas --
Chris Bullock: In Brisbane, a group of child care workers, mostly young women, are being trained to be part of the country's biggest private child care network.
The network of ABC early childhood centres is owned and run by husband and wife, Eddie and Le Neve Groves. It now has 26 centres in Queensland and seven in Victoria. Eddie Groves says in private centres, rising fees are also driving parents away.
Eddie Groves: Fees normally go up probably I'd say on an average for most centres and for us, it's usually about $1 a day, or $5 a week per child. That's normally the standard yearly increase. Now that yearly increase is only in place for one reason, and that's basically to cover the extra increases in wages. Last year we had three increases in wages for the staff. And you've got to remember, if you go back to when we first started in child care, I think our fees were about $80 a week. Now they're $145 a week, not double, but close to doubling.
At that time when we opened, there was no child care assistance. I think you'll find that even now with child care assistance, the gap between what the parents pay and the child care assistance is about what it was ten years ago, when there was no child care assistance. All that's happened is that money's been eaten up from either wages or increased costs because of regulations or increased costs because of accreditation. Basically the consumer's no better off, and the Government's pumping $1-billion into this situation. So everybody's taken their little piece of the pie along the way, and that's the only reason why child care fees go up. We don't make any more money out of it, we just need to cover the costs every year.
Chris Bullock: With that $5 increase, do you find that's enough to force some parents to remove their children from your centres?
Eddie Groves: Yes, for sure. That little extra increase will do it. And that's what scares me, is I believe we're right on the breaking point now. At the fees at the level they are, and the wages that they are in Queensland, I mean if you look in Victoria, probably $200 a week isn't out of the question to pay for childcare. In Sydney it's $250 a week, and all it is is comparable to wages down there, their wages are higher in Victoria, their wages are higher in New South Wales.
Chris Bullock: There are more than two-and-a-half-thousand private centres nationwide, and some of them are in trouble because there are too many of them in some areas. The problem is most acute in South East Queensland, where developers went crazy building centres in Brisbane and on the Gold Coast, although there are still parts of Brisbane where it's very hard to find a vacancy.
A handful of private centres have closed in the past year, but large numbers have been closing down rooms and shedding staff.
Gwynne Bridge owns and runs four centres and is the President of the Child Care Industry Association of Queensland.
Gwynne Bridge: Every Budget we have a change, and those changes are taking its toll on the parents and on the industry. We need some security and the changes like the 50-hour cap-on work-related care this year, has resulted in considerable expense to the parents, and more changes in the industry.
Chris Bullock: I was reading some of your research from the private sector in Queensland, which suggested across the State there's an average of 1.9 staff positions lost from each centre.
Gwynne Bridge: That would be correct, and particularly at this time of the year, in the beginning of the year it's probably even a lot more than that, because centres aren't operating at anywhere near their potential, and the staff are laid off; the staff are losing jobs throughout the industry, so it'll just be a matter of waiting to see how the industry grows in this year to see how many staff regain positions. Plus also hours of staff employed are cut.
Chris Bullock: And those staff would virtually all be women, would they?
Gwynne Bridge: Yes there are males in the child care industry, but not a lot of males. It actually is a major blow against women, the whole changes in this, because it's putting strains and stresses on women where women were starting to feel that they had a worthwhile place in working, and in the marketplace as far as jobs and their careers went. And now they're having to re-think the whole thing.
Chris Bullock: Is it that serious?
Gwynne Bridge: As far as job losses go, it is quite serious, yes.
Chris Bullock: Gwynne Bridge.
In Brisbane, Eddie Groves is frank in his assessment of the changes to child care policy.
Eddie Groves: Well I think their main focus when they first came into power was to try to save as much money as they could. They looked at health, and they looked at child care, those were the two expenses that were spiralling out of control. Now we've seen what they've done with age care and with health, and child care was the next situation. I think they had misguided approaches, they had a lot of theory and not necessarily the theory was going to work. The payment to the family situation, the families didn't want it; once they did the survey, 80% of families said 'No, we don't want the money, give it to the child care centre' which is what we were always telling them. The 50-hour issue, where they limited the amount of child care assistance to long-day care, they said they wouldn't hurt the middle-class or working family, and that particular one hurt exactly those people, the working-class and the middle-income family, no question about it.
Chris Bullock: Like many in the non-profit sector, Eddie Groves believes the main beneficiaries of rising fees in child care centres will be the so-called 'backyard' carers.
Eddie Groves: People will look for a cheaper alternative. As they look for a cheaper alternative, then the standard of care is certainly not going to be as high as it is now, and that's exactly what's happened over the ten years: we're going to go full circle to a point where we've put in so many regulations, so many standards, so much into accreditation, so much into increasing wages, so everybody's had their little piece of the pie. All that's going to happen is to push the parents out of the formal sector, boom! into an area which is unregulated. And Queensland doesn't have any regulations for informal care. So I mean where are the children going to go? And I think that's the biggest danger.
Chris Bullock: Eddie Groves' warning will ring bells for those who remember the horror stories of the 1950s and '60s, when there was no formal child care, and some parents would leave children locked in apartments while they worked.
The push for regulations at that time was led by pre-school associations, worried about the standard of informal care. Today an estimated 180,000 children under the age of five are being looked after in home-based, informal care. These are the everyday babysitting arrangements made between families and friends, as well as the money-making neighbourhood ventures. But not to be confused with Family Day Care, which is a government-funded and licensed home-based scheme.
It's the neighbourhood ventures that are contentious. Everyone who works in child care will tell you there are more and more of them, but it's difficult to be sure.
The best measure is to count the Medicare provider numbers that are issued, because a provider number allows a carer to charge an hourly fee on which parents can claim a cash rebate.
The problem is the patchwork of State regulations. Most States required home-based carers to be licensed if they're looking after more than four children, but in Queensland there is no limit or license required, and it has the fastest-growing informal sector in the country, doubling between 1995 and 1997.
Although thousands of children are safely cared for every day in what's known as 'backyard care', the lack of regulations in Queensland have become a source of growing concern for the industry.
The Queensland Government can only act if it gets a formal complaint.
Mike Wills is the Director of the Queensland Office of Child Care.
Mike Wills: Some are just looking after two children, some as many as eight, ten, and of course some - it's not often - but as high as 20.
Chris Bullock: But it's not something that you would know anything about unless you got a complaint.
Mike Wills: Yes it is based on complaints by parents or others who have concerns about it. We mustn't underestimate the power of parents to choose and to monitor the quality of care provided to their own children. If on complaint our officers go there, very often the phenomenon is that this person has been providing good care for large numbers of children for a long time, parents know this, parents freely choose, why is the State interfering, why don't you let parents again continue to freely choose? Now there's some validity in that argument, but when we say to them 'What if there are 100 children being looked after there?' They say, 'No, no, no, there have got to be standards.' 'If there are 50 children?' 'Oh no, that's far too many.' 'If there are 20 children?' 'Well, it may be.' So in other words, the concept of having standards is agreed to, but how they should be put in practice.
You've got to remember too that some home-based care providers provide very good standards of care in the informal sector, and some not quite so good. They're the ones that we get the complaints about, so it's totally unfair to think that all informal child care is inappropriate or poor standard.
Chris Bullock: Many parents want their children in home-based care because they believe it's the closest thing to the child's own home. Or it could be the only option where there's a shortage of formal care.
For Craig and Tanya Ludlow, it was a bit of both. They live in a bushy, middle-class Brisbane suburb. Two years ago, Tanya was looking for a place for eight-month-old Alexandra.
Tanya Ludlow: We wanted somewhere that was - I didn't want Alex in a day care centre, I wanted her in a home with a home-based carer.
Chris Bullock: Why was that?
Tanya Ludlow: I just felt it was more homely, it was more closer to how you'd bring up kids if you're going to be home looking after them yourself. She'd been cared for by my sister, so she was used to that family-type environment. I didn't like the idea of day care centres, I don't know why, I just didn't like the idea of the day care centres. But putting all that aside, we had to find a place for Alex. All the day care centres were full when we needed to place her. I tried to put our name down at the registered day care centres; two places wouldn't take my name at all, they said there was a 12-month wait and to ring back in a year, and one was six months late.
So we asked around the neighbourhood. The carer came with very good references; most of the kids had been there since like they were - one had actually been there from three months till when she was seven. She kept going back for after-school care. We spoke to probably three or four other parents that had their kids there, and nobody had a problem. She was wonderful. I went and saw her; I phoned her first to see if she had a vacancy, she said she did, I went and saw her, took Alex with me, Alex went straight to her and there wasn't any problem. It was a very family environment, she had seven children of her own and they all seemed really well brought up, really well mannered, and they all just loved Alex the first time I went there.
Chris Bullock: So it was a natural decision for you almost.
Tanya Ludlow: It basically was. There was no reason to think that Alex would be in danger.
Chris Bullock: On a spring afternoon in Brisbane, Alexandra's child care went terribly wrong.
Tanya Ludlow: Alex died in the bath at her day care mother's place. She drowned and she was scalded at the same time. We don't know whether the scald caused her to drown, or she received the scald after she drowned. We were told from police statements that two four-year-olds took her out of her cot, undressed her, put her in the bath and turned on the hot-water tap, which scalded her.
Chris Bullock: And when the police told you that there were 13 children there, did that surprise you or did you already know that?
Tanya Ludlow: No, I was stunned, absolutely stunned.
Chris Bullock: What the carer was doing was quite legal in Queensland. At the coronial inquest she declined to answer questions, on the grounds she might incriminate herself, and the coroner made an open finding.
Coroner (actor reading): I find that sometime in the afternoon, the child was placed in the bathtub and subsequently drowned. I am unable to find what the circumstances were within the household immediately before or at the time the child was placed in the bathtub, including who physically did so.
It would be imprudent of me to make comments in that regard, which would amount to speculation. I am unable to find such evidence of a criminal nature, and accordingly no person is committed for trial.
Chris Bullock: Coroner Gary Casey said he would look at the State's laws and decide if he should make a recommendation for change. The baby's mother, Tanya Ludlow, expected that he would.
Tanya Ludlow: Queensland is the only State that doesn't require carers to have a Medicare provider number to be registered with - well basically to have a limit on the children they can look after. And I had thought that the Coroner would come back and say that needs to be looked at. But yes, Medicare, if you get a Medicare provider number there has to be some limit on the number of children you can have that you can care for.
Chris Bullock: Three months later, Coroner Casey said this:
Coroner (actor reading): I concede the legislation is ineffectual; however it is not practicable, for obvious reasons, to be seen to interfere with private arrangements between parents and a trusted carer.
Chris Bullock: In other States, the authorities will interfere, insisting on a license for any private arrangements involving more than four fee-paying children. But in Queensland, Coroner Casey found that the parents, not the State, should be the arbiters of standards.
In the end, Craig and Tanya Ludlow decided not to pursue a case against the carer because, as they said, it wouldn't bring Alexandra back.
The growth of informal care causes dismay amongst people in the child care industry, but it goes to the heart of the present debate, about choice. The word is used and abused constantly, from the parents' right to choose their preferred child care, to the parents' right to choose to stay at home. One person's 'lack of choice' is another's 'freedom of choice'.
Some women are saying they can't choose work and child care any more because they can't afford to. On the other hand, Liberal MP and Lyons Forum member, John Bradford has a different perspective.
John Bradford: We've had Governments who've engaged in the past in social engineering to a very large extent, by almost forcing women into the workforce for one reason or another, or facilitating their entry into the workforce. Now I mean in my view, Government policies shouldn't do that any more than it should do the opposite. But the fact is the research I've shown says that women with young children, by and large, would prefer to remain out of the workforce, it's a choice they'd like to make, but very often is the choice they haven't been able to make up until now.
Chris Bullock: Can I ask you what research that is?
John Bradford: Oh well I would be hard-pressed to sort of refer to a particular document, but they're areas that I've read a lot on, and I suppose it's mostly conservative or traditional type research that I've read. But I've certainly seen surveys that indicate a very large percentage of women with young children are quite torn when they have to leave them at a child care centre and go off to work. And if it were economically possible, I mean that's the goal I think, for them to make a choice to stay out of the workforce, then a large number of them would.
Chris Bullock: For many women it's very difficult to leave the workforce for three years after establishing a career, and go back, given the rate of change of technology and workplace flexibility requirements and so on. Do you not concede that that can cause great difficulties in career structures and career aspirations?
John Bradford: Yes, I concede that that is a difficulty but we're going through rapidly changing times; we've got very high unemployment, and I guess if people are out of the workforce for very good reasons then in theory at least that opens up a job for somebody else. I'm not blaming women for the unemployment problems but of course the fact is that we've had rapidly increasing participation rates of women in the workforce, and of course at the same time the participation rates of men have tended to go down a little.
Chris Bullock: There is a view, cynical or otherwise that would suggest that what's happening is that women are leaving work because they feel they don't have any choice, for financial reasons, they're staying at home and looking after kids rather than putting them into child care. They're then vacating jobs, they're not going to show up as unemployed even though they'd like to be working; that this works both ways.
John Bradford: Well I don't think that's really the Government's intention to sort of social engineer in that way. I think what we are doing is simply I think neutralising the amount of social engineering that used to go on, by giving people real choices. And I think that really in the end, nobody can disagree with that. I mean the extreme feminists don't like the idea, or they like the idea of choice up to a point, but they don't want women to have too many choices because they essentially believe that women should be in the workforce. But our philosophy, and certainly my own personal philosophy is that families should have choices, and I'd be about giving financial assistance to families, and allowing them to determine whether they spend that on child care, formal child care arrangements if they want to, or whether in fact it allows one of the parents to make the choice to stay out of the workforce and coincidentally, make a place for someone else in the workforce. But to be making the choice to stay home I think in the end, they're playing a very valuable role in the development of their own young children.
Chris Bullock: The guiding principle for John Bradford and the Lyons Forum, is taken from Dame Enid Lyons' maiden speech to Federal Parliament in 1943: 'The foundation of a nation's greatness is in the homes of its people.'
The Forum, which includes several senior Government Ministers, likes to keep a low profile, but does make its voice heard on family policy.
John Bradford.
John Bradford: Well it did have, I think, a very significant impact on the pro-family policies that the current Government adopted prior to the last election. I think since the election in practice, the Forum has become less influential and I think that's just simply because many of our senior members are now Ministers or have other responsibilities, and obviously they're very much in a situation where they're either a) very busy, or b) have to toe the Party line very carefully; and so the Forum can't be in that sense as pro-active as it used to be. But it's still bubbling along, and I suspect that it's still quite influential.
Chris Bullock: The Minister for Family Services, Warwick Smith, is not a member of the Lyons Forum.
Warwick Smith: Well firstly I say the Liberal Party represents a broad range of opinion, and the Lyons Forum is one group within the Liberal Party, it's pro-family, aggressively so, as are we all. I haven't found a politician yet in Australia, regardless of which ideology they wear, who isn't pro-family, supporting family, so I sort of reject that --
Chris Bullock: But is it the Government's view that many women are looking for the opportunity to get out of the workforce?
Warwick Smith: Well I don't believe so. We're about providing choice. I mean I think it's fair to say that the Liberal Party has very strongly supported the concept of choice for people to opt to work or opt not to work, and where they opt to work, we have a commitment to a child care system, formal child care system, accredited, properly planned, properly funded, which will enable that choice to be fulfilled.
So I mean, allegations that the Liberal Party wants to bring the child care system to an end, this is rejected as not being borne out by the facts, not in accord with our election policies and certainly in the period since I've been in public life, it's something that I feel confident has never been a feature or been expressed by any of my colleagues.
Chris Bullock: There are very few people in the child care industry who argue that the Government is trying to bring the system to an end. Rather people fear that by the way it's trying to reign in the costs the Government is forcing an 'economic choice' on parents.
Sue Tolley has a broader view than most on parents' child care preferences. She oversees a Long Day Care Centre and a Family Day Care Scheme in Sydney for the childrens' charity, Barnados. Sue Tolley agrees the Government inherited a problem, but she doesn't agree with their solution.
Sue Tolley: We did have a situation where there was a massive blowout, which the Government hadn't predicted, and it had to be fixed. But of course the Government that's come in to try and fix this problem, has got a different agenda, has got a different philosophy. Reading between the lines, looking at what has actually happened so far since the Liberal Government has come in, we have seen an exodus of women from the workforce because they can't afford the increased child care fees. I don't believe that was unintentional, I'm sorry. I do believe that that was part of the agenda, but without having to say so. And it hasn't happened accidentally, it has happened because it was the only thing that could happen. If you start putting fees up, there's going to be many families who are going to sit back down and look at their budgets and realise that every penny they earnt last week went in child care, so why do it?
Women haven't gone back to home because they wanted to go back home, they've gone back for economic reasons.
Chris Bullock: Child care historian and public policy adviser Dr Deborah Brennan, thinks the Howard Government has misjudged the role child care plays in Australia today.
Deborah Brennan: Well I think it's potentially a very significant issue for many families, and particularly for those families that John Howard likes to characterise as 'the battlers'. Many of those are families that are struggling to hang on to their jobs and bring up their children and pay their mortgages, and if child care becomes unaffordable, that can build up a pretty huge level of anger and resentment.
I think that this Government may to some extent have miscalculated, in that I think it regarded the push for child care as something that was driven very much by feminists, and the Government I think sees feminists as somehow outside of the community. But child care is very much a mainstream issue now, it's not just something that's demanded by ideologues, it's something that is desired and expected by ordinary Australian families.
Chris Bullock: Sitting at home in the western suburbs of Melbourne, Diane is struggling to come to terms with life without work.
Diane: I grew up in a migrant Greek family where my parents both worked, they had their own business, and my grandmother lived with us, and my aunt. I suppose my parents never really had to worry about the things that I worry about, which is placing my children in adequate care, and it's been an ongoing dilemma for me. There is this myth that people do have extended family, and a lot of the people that I know who have young children, do not have family. The family are in Queensland, Tasmania, New Zealand and there often is nothing for them except paid care, and you don't have the opportunity to subsidise care as much as you would like with family. So it can get pretty difficult at times, yes.
THEME
Chris Bullock: Production Co-ordinator on Background Briefing is Linda McGinness; Research, Vanessa Muir; Technical Producer, Greg Richardson; and the Executive Producer is Kirsten Garrett. I'm Chris Bullock.
THEME
Source: [[ABC Radio National - Background Briefing: 22 February 1998 - Child Care Pains|http://www.abc.net.au/rn/talks/bbing/stories/s10421.htm]]
Sundays at 9.10am, repeated Tuesdays at 7.10pm
Child-Care Profits
Sunday 3 October 2004
Produced by Gerald Tooth
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Program Transcript
Gerald Tooth: Right now, childcare is at the centre of an almighty political tussle. At the sharp end of the election campaign, both sides have made billion-dollar pledges to make childcare more accessible. John Howard is offering you 30% tax rebates on childcare expenses. Mark Latham is offering one free day a week.
As the rivers of public cash flow into childcare, who’s going to benefit the most? Will it be parents who can go back to work? Or children who get started on early learning programs, or will it be the new breed of childcare centre owners who can’t believe their luck? Questions to ask your child-care centre
Eddy Groves: Really, the federal government in Australia has got it nailed. That 30% rebate has definitely come out of the blue and that’s remarkable.
Gerald Tooth: Welcome to the world of the crèche crusaders like Eddy Groves from ABC Learning Centres. They have taken the stock market by storm and instigated a revolution in the way childcare services are being delivered across Australia.
But unless you’ve been paying close attention to the finance news in recent times you may not have noticed it.
ABC News 9/9/04
Juanita Phillips: … here’s Alan Kohler with the details.
Alan Kohler: Most of the action on the share market today was in the childcare business. The three biggest listed operators of crèches, ABC Learning Centres, Childcare Centres of Australia and Peppercorn Management, announced a three-way merger with ABC on top. Now the share prices of all three went up, but the big winner was Peppercorn, and there was also a bit of interest in Qantas…
Gerald Tooth: The once cottage industry of childcare, run by not-for-profit organisations and small private operators, is being rapidly corporatised. That is, large stock market listed companies have flooded into the sector which they see as a goldmine of profit opportunity. It might be good news for you, if you’re an investor, but is it good news for you and your children if you’re a parent?
Welcome to Radio National’s Background Briefing. I’m Gerald Tooth.
Today’s program will give you a disturbing look inside Australia’s childcare industry, and asks those of you that are parents if you really know what’s going on once you’ve dropped your children off. We’ll also be offering some advice on how you can find out.
But first we’ll try and outline for you the major tensions within the sector. They centre on the argument that childcare should be nothing more than the vital first step in the education of our young, and the competing view that it should also be OK to make a lot of money while you’re doing that.
It’s what some are calling the childcare paradox.
Last month’s announcement that the three major corporate players in the Australian childcare industry are merging, is the latest chapter in the extraordinarily successful story of ABC Learning Centres.
ABC Learning Centres is headed up by Brisbane-based Eddy Groves and his wife Le Neve. The former milkman now owns the Brisbane Bullets Basketball team and has an estimated personal wealth of $175-million. Most of that has been made from childcare.
Eddy Groves: The sheer growth of this company, when you look at where we came from in 2001, we had a market capital of about $25-million, and after this merger, the market capital I believe will be about $1-billion. And the fact of being able to do that in four or five years has been quite remarkable, so certainly there’s been growth for people if they’re looking to invest.
Gerald Tooth: Where does the growth end?
Eddy Groves: Well, I’m not sure that it does.
Gerald Tooth: Incredible growth is the defining feature of ABC Learning Centres.
Eddy Groves set up the company in 1988. In 2001 he floated it on the stock market. At that stage he owned 31 childcare centres in South East Queensland. Now, just three years later, he’s got 750 right across Australia.
For original investors, the value of their stock has increased tenfold.
Yet in contrast to the bright economic predictions there are also those that are saying that childcare is a sick industry. They argue that it’s based on an unsustainably low wage structure and poor working conditions that have led to chronic staff shortages which impact on children.
Pam Cahir is the National Director of Early Childhood Australia, a Canberra-based advocacy group.
"If you can’t actually provide conditions in which children can be guaranteed to grow and develop, you’ve got a sector that’s really in trouble."
Pam Cahir: I think we’re sitting on the back of something that could collapse. If you can’t get people to work in a sector, if you can’t actually provide conditions in which children can be guaranteed to grow and develop well, you’ve got a sector that’s really in trouble, and I believe the sector is in trouble, and I think until, I’ve almost got to the point of saying, I don’t mind if people won’t work in childcare, until we actually make it so hard for people to get care, then I don’t think parents will say that we’re willing to pay more, of the government will say that we’re willing to bear some of the burden of the cost of paying people well.
Gerald Tooth: Pam Cahir says this is an industry-wide problem. Others however, point to the emergence of the corporate sector as the driver behind a fundamental culture change in childcare.
Jennifer is an Early Childhood educator who teaches childcare workers. She was previously the director of a centre. She has asked not to be identified. As an educator, Jennifer spends a lot of time in childcare centres where her students complete the practical component of their training. She says she’s often troubled by what she sees.
Jennifer: A centre that I visited, a student that we had [there], I witnessed staff saying to a toddler who was no more than 16 months, ‘You will lie on your bed, I don’t care if your mother rocks you to sleep, that’s not how we do it here’. And the toddler was extremely traumatised by the whole process. And that went on for something like 30 minutes. And I think that that really is affecting the children in terms of their development and their ability to learn, and their happiness, and parents are so uninformed about what is good quality care, that they don’t know what’s going on in centres, and that’s the scary part.
Gerald Tooth: Jennifer has a unique viewpoint from where she can comprehensively survey the landscape in this sector. The 300-odd students she supervises are placed throughout the industry. She visits large numbers of them at work in both private for-profit centres and community not-for-profit organisations.
Jennifer: All of the examples that I’ve seen have all been in privately run centres, and the majority of the examples, not all of them, but the majority of the examples I’ve seen have been run by the larger institutes.
Gerald Tooth: We’re talking about ABC and Peppercorn, are we?
Jennifer: Yes. So they’re either managed by Peppercorn of they’re ABC Centres.
Gerald Tooth: A little history here.
There are around four-and-a-half-thousand day care centres across Australia. Traditionally the sector was dominated by small-scale operators, community run not-for-profit organisations and small privately-run centres.
But in 1997 the Howard Government scrapped direct subsidies to not-for-profit childcare centres and in a single stroke, childcare was changed. Where around 40% of government funding had gone directly to centres, now all of it went to parents through Child Care Benefit payments, that they pass on to the centre of their choice. With access to a new funding stream, private centres boomed and with the not-for-profits decimated, childcare was opened up as a lucrative field for profit making.
Seven years later, the government has more than doubled its childcare spend and the childcare sector is now seen as an industry, a multi-billion dollars industry. And it’s the new corporate players that dominate, with their shareholder backing, management systems and economies of scale. And it’s all happened in the mere blink of an eye.
ABC Learning Centres led the way as the first to list on the Stock Exchange just three years ago in 2001. Others quickly followed: Child Care Centres Australia, FutureOne, Peppercorn Management Group and Hutchison’s Childcare services,
With the recent merger of ABC Learning Centres, Peppercorn and Child Care Centres Australia, Eddy Groves’ company will now control 750 centres. And as he said earlier, he reckons the company will soon be worth a billion dollars.
Meanwhile, most childcare workers are paid $10 to $12 an hour. That’s about $22,000 to $25,000 a year.
There are those that are arguing that the childcare entrepreneurs have built their castles on a foundation that is both morally and structurally flimsy.
Pam Cahir of Early Childhood Australia.
Pam Cahir: What’s happening in childcare services is happening in all childcare services right now, that is, you can’t get staff, you certainly can’t get qualified staff, you can get casual staff, the turnover of staff is enormous, and there are major issues around the training of staff that we’re getting. And staff are poorly paid, the conditions are awful, there is no career path in the sector, and so there are a lot of fundamentals to get right before you start worrying about who’s actually providing the care. In my view now, I don’t think it’s appropriate or OK for parents to go to work on the back of the wages of poorly paid staff in childcare services, I don’t think it’s OK for services to have ratios of one to five for babies. I mean I can’t imagine looking after five babies, I just think that’s just an impossible task, and if you had quadruplets in this country you’d get support. So there are some quite fundamental things that you have to get right in order for us to actually set this sector OK.
Gerald Tooth: Pam Cahir, National Director of Early Childhood Australia.
Eddy Groves dismisses the claims that the corporate’ stunning success rests on the back of lowly-paid workers who have to endure poor workplace conditions. He says his staff are happy and they’re not going anywhere.
Eddy Groves: Our staff turnover now, the personnel who work in the centres, those people, that turnover in the industry is about 30% to 40%. Ours is now 7-1/2%. So consistency of people that work in the centres creates consistency for the children and the families, and reinvestment into the facilities, and we reinvested about $30-million since we’ve listed. Do those two things, have the right location and you’ll have good occupancies. If you have good occupancies where you’re 95%, then you’ll make money, it’s as simple as that. So you have to have the occupancies to make money, it’s not the other way around.
Gerald Tooth: Eddy Groves of ABC Learning Centres.
Childcare workers are currently battling in the Industrial Relations Courts in Victoria, South Australia and the ACT for wage rises. The childcare entrepreneurs are opposing them.
If low wages are one pillar of the childcare business, government funding is the other.
The Federal Government already pours $1.7-billion a year into childcare through the Child Care Benefit payments. ABC Learning Centre’s business plan relies on these taxpayer dollars for 50% of its revenue.
As we said earlier, government spending on childcare has doubled over the last five years, and that’s not taking into account the billion dollars or so extra promised by both sides of politics in this election campaign.
You’re listening to Background Briefing on ABC Radio National. I’m Gerald Tooth. And head in the program you’ll hear from a former corporate childcare board member, who tells of sleepless nights over ethical dilemmas over profits coming before children. And you’ll also hear a list of questions you should be asking your childcare provider so you can assess the quality of the service you’re getting.
The debate about the privatisation of Telstra has been endless and consumed hundreds of hours of parliamentary debate and produced kilometres of newspaper copy, but when it comes to the question of whether we should be selling shares in how we raise our children there has only been the merest of squeaks.
At the Australian Council for Educational Research, the Research Director of Early Childhood Education is Alison Elliott.
Alison Elliott: The Commonwealth doesn’t assume full responsibility for early childhood care and education, it never has, and I think we as a society have to decide whether it’s something we want to assume as a community. Do we believe it’s really important for early childhood care and education to be funded by us as taxpayers or is it something that should be private enterprise, funded by the commercial sector for profit? It’s like saying children over five are able to access taxpayer funded government schools, they’re able to access quality teachers who are qualified, but children of four years and eleven months don’t have access to those same sorts of services. "The Commonwealth doesn’t assume full responsibility for early childhood care and education, it never has…"
Gerald Tooth: Dr Elliott says we need to think hard about what we want from childcare. Do we want child-mining services, or do we want a properly structured early childhood education system? In other words, she asks, do we want childcare to become an integrated part of the schooling process?
As the use of childcare has skyrocketed in Australia, 80% of the country’s four-year-olds are now spending some time in some form of care each week, and she asks, do we want that care to be run by well-trained professionals who can properly guide a child’s development at that critical time. She says we need to make that shift from the touchstone that ‘mother knows best’, the idea that childcare workers need to know better. With that in mind, she argues, that it’s almost impossible to produce maximum quality educational childcare for children if you’ve also got to generate profits for shareholders, operators and owners,
Alison Elliott: The concern in any business is to maximise profit and maximise profit taking for the company that’s concerned, and the reality is, even the most elite private school is a non-profit organisation, where all fees and any other income raised by that group, is ploughed back into the education of children. This is just not the case for childcare centres that are private for profit, where they need to make a profit in order to, in the case of those with shareholders, they have to give that money back to the shareholders.
Gerald Tooth: As we said earlier, it’s an argument that Eddy Groves rejects. He says parents vote with their feet, and his high occupancy levels prove that he is providing a quality product.
There could also be other reasons for high occupancy such as supply not meeting demand. Across Australia there are more than 100,000 children who miss out on childcare places each year. They are the statistic behind the lengthy waiting lists.
If you are a parent who has found a place for your child, how do you make a judgment about whether you’ve found a quality service? How can you find out what goes on in a centre when you’re not there?
From what we’ve been told at Background Briefing, there are far too many disturbing stories about children not being treated properly.
While we’re not suggesting that the sort of stories you’re about to hear are universal, people from within the industry report a widespread pattern of concerning incidents. And again, while we’re not suggesting that it happens in every corporate-run centre, there is evidence of unacceptable treatment of children in that sector.
As we said earlier, Jennifer, as an educator of childcare workers, is someone who goes into a very large number of childcare centres and observes conditions as she assesses her students.
There are hundreds of centres in the region where she teaches. She says that through bitter experience, her institution has learned that only a mere fraction of those centres provide positive learning experiences for their students.
Jennifer: There are 25 that we’ve acknowledged as being high quality centres, which is a scary number, considering that there’s probably over 250 or 300 that we could use. So it makes it very difficult when we’re trying to place students and give them good role models.
Gerald Tooth: You’re saying that out of every ten childcare centres out there, you’re only comfortable placing students in one.
Jennifer: Yes. So I think that’s fairly scary.
Gerald Tooth: Jennifer says the students also bring back troubling stories from their time working within centres.
Jennifer: Frightening ones. We’ve just had a review, at the end of every semester we interview our students, and some students were telling us stories of children being put into corners and told that until they could actually behave properly and do what everybody else was doing, then they weren’t allowed to rejoin the group. Children’s penises being compared on baby tables, and staff having a good giggle about how big one is and how small the other one is, and some people may say, ‘But look, that’s all harmless, the infants don’t know what’s going on’, and that has been the comments from people outside the field. But that’s not what we know. Where does an infant have their dignity when they’re lying on a change table completely naked and there’s two women comparing the sizes of their penises? I mean seriously.
Gerald Tooth: Eddy Groves rejects any suggestion that anything untoward is happening within ABC Learning Centres.
Eddy Groves: It’s just mindblowing that they think a public company would be trying to break the law, I mean it’s just unbelievable. That’s the other thing that should give people comfort, that we have ongoing disclosure, we’re publicly listed, we have far more regulations than any of these other companies have to deal with. I mean I’m going to go jail because I’m not doing something right.
Gerald Tooth: Background Briefing has heard numerous accounts from childcare students about their experiences when placed in centres. While many of them had positive enriching experiences there were far too many who spoke of behaviour that is unacceptable in a professional care environment.
Here is a small sample of those accounts:
Student 1: They never washed the children’s hands. They never had a program in the room. They only read about three books for children the whole time I was there. The only activities the children did were painting. There were maybe three times they did something different. The Director came into the room and talked to the others about why a boy in my room had been taken from his family by Family Services, and how sexy a Dad is. They never let the children decide what they want to eat, they talked in front of children about how their parents were on drugs and how dumb they were. One of the older children has autism and has very bad behaviour. The Director saw him doing something wrong so he picked him up by the collar of his shirt, and carried him across the playground by his shirt.
Student 2: I really don’t have many nice things to say about this centre and its practices. The one practice I did like was they played music all day. Children are free and often do sing along to these. From being at this centre, I have observed low quality care and I have no idea how they passed accreditation. I practiced what I have learnt and used my instincts. For example, when told I need to yell at the children, I didn’t. My personal philosophy is that children need to be in a loving, caring environment with support and challenges, not somewhere with no or poor supervision and where they leave children to cry alone when missing their parents.
Student 3: There were many occasions where I always broke into tears, because of the way the children were treated. At this centre, I felt trapped and uncomfortable. I am glad ‘prac’ is over. I know that sounds bad, but the experience was not enjoyable with regards to the quality and practices, in my opinion. I enjoyed the children more than anything though.
Gerald Tooth: So where are the authorities when all this is going on?
To operate, a childcare centre must have both a state licence and Commonwealth accreditation. Parents naturally take confidence from those bits of paper being prominently displayed on centre walls.
But is that confidence misplaced?
Larry Anthony is the Federal Minister for Children and Youth Affairs. He says he keeps a close eye on problems in childcare through feedback he gets from the Commonwealth’s watchdog.
Larry Anthony: Well what I always monitor is the actual number of written complaints that are made to the National Accreditation Council, run by John Tainton, and I follow that quite closely, so whilst we might hear anecdotal, when it actually comes down to people making a formal complaint, it drops away quite dramatically. And I’ve got to say that with the accreditation process, it’s been very vigorous, and we’re seeing now that childcare centres, yes, if they’re accredited and they can get that accreditation for a number of years. But there are mother means that we do, which I’m not going to talk on your program to ensure that if we do have concerns with particular centres, that we can closely monitor and follow up.
Gerald Tooth: Why don’t you explain to parents that are listening to our program how you can reassure them that those centres are being monitored properly?
Larry Anthony: Well I think most parents are pretty reassured that the childcare sector is working well, and the clear validation for that is that more and more parents want to put their kids into childcare. So that has not come through, that parents are concerned about standards in any large proportion.
Gerald Tooth: The National Childcare Accreditation Council received 400 phone complaints in the last financial year. There were just 50 written complaints, which is the figure the Minister is choosing to use when he says there aren’t many.
The Chair of the Accreditation Council is John Tainton. He paints a very different picture. He says nearly 5% of operating childcare centres in Australia don’t come up to scratch. That is, one in every 20 don’t pass accreditation inspections.
John Tainton: We monitor the standards in every childcare service in Australia. At the present time there’s about 4.8% of childcare centres in Australia that are unaccredited because they’re not meeting our standards at the present time.
"There’s about 4.8% of childcare centres in Australia that are unaccredited because they’re not meeting our standards at the present time."
Gerald Tooth: That’s a lot.
John Tainton: Well, that’s the way it is. I mean we’re tough, we don’t mess around if we find a childcare service is not meeting the right standards for accreditation, we don’t accredit them. And what we do when we find a service like that, is to advise Commonwealth funded resource and advisory and training agencies we tried our best to connect them with the service and to assist the service through those support agencies as far as possible to raise their standards. Some agencies resist that kind of help, they think they can do it all themselves, that’s their business, I mean they’re adults, they have to stand on their own feet.
But at the end of the day if a childcare service is not meeting the standards to satisfy the accreditation system, the families will receive letters indicating the childcare benefit could be withdrawn; this has happened, it’s not just an idle threat that’s there, it has happened in several instances, and it has quite dramatic results.
Gerald Tooth: The watchdog arrangements that are in place for childcare across Australia are frankly, best described as a dog’s breakfast.
Responsibilities are divided between the Commonwealth and the states. Licensing at the state and territory level controls things like staff to child ratios, the sorts of qualifications staff must have, the size of rooms and equipment levels. Each state has its own regime that sets its own differing standards.
For example, the ratio of carers to children in babies’ rooms in New South Wales is one to five. In Queensland it’s one to four. Group leaders in Queensland must be two-year trained, in New South Wales, three year trained.
The national accreditation system sits on top of the state licensing system. They concern themselves with quality assurance. That is, what is done in centres, as opposed to what is there. In other words, how programs are delivered and what are their outcomes.
The National Childcare Accreditation Council is the watchdog with real teeth. Parents can only get Child Care Benefits if they send their children to an accredited centre. No accreditation, no payments.
The NCAC growls a lot but it rarely bites, and like a dog that only barks when its owners are not home, that growling happens well out of the earshot of parents.
Once very two-and-a-half years, each childcare centre must obtain accreditation. It does this through a process of self-assessment that is followed by one, and only one, inspection by authorities.
If a centre fails accreditation, it’s given 12 months to get its act together. It’s only if it still doesn’t come up to scratch that parents are notified. Under this system a serious problem in a childcare centre could fester for more than three years before the watchdog alerts parents.
John Tainton: Families get very concerned at the thought of a withdrawal of childcare benefit, and it’s interesting that they tend to focus their energies then on the service itself. What’s happening here, what’s happening to my children here? Which to me is the sort of question that parents ought to be asking all the time. I don’t think they should be waiting until a problem arises, but they really need to satisfy themselves about what’s happening.
Gerald Tooth: But under that system that’s in place with you, it could be six months or 12 months before they’ll get a letter alerting them to the fact that there is an accreditation issue at their childcare centre, that’s a long time in that zero to four age group, 12 months can be a very long time if you’re getting a poor service.
John Tainton: You can say it’s a long time, it’s not as though nothing is happening over that period. There’s a lot of resource and energy being poured in the direction of that service if they want to pick up on it, so that they can build up their accreditation standards during that period of time. We’re not operating as a big stick organisation, we’re not trying to prise child care benefits away from child care centres, it’s our mission in life to make sure that the quality for children is there. Our logo I guess is ‘Putting children first’, and that’s what we work at all the time.
Gerald Tooth: In other words, you had better not rely on the Federal accreditation agency to let you know if there’s a problem in your childcare centre. It’s your job to find out for yourself.
Alison Elliott is the Research Director in Early Childhood Education at ACER, the Australian Council for Educational Research. She says while most parents indicate they are concerned about issues of quality in childcare centres, converting that concern into action is a different thing, especially when often they are simply relieved to have got off the waiting lists and found a place for their child.
Alison Elliott: Once they’re there, they’re very interested in quality and they are interested in quality, but nevertheless they’re desperate to get a place, and if they get one, they’re so exhausted, having looked so hard, and then they’re back at work. "Once they’re [families] there, they’re very interested in quality, but nevertheless they’re desperate to get a place." They’re not able to be advocates or be involved in lobby groups. Families are busy, they’re dealing with day-to-day child rearing work, and the families who are using early services are probably the busiest of the lot because they’re driving to work, they’re then having to go and pick the kids up, and drop them off, then maybe going to two or three early childhood services, they might be dropping one kid off at child care in the morning, then dropping another child off at school, and then going and picking somebody up from childcare, and then picking the other child up from out of school hours care, they’re driving all round the city, terrified they’re going to be a few minutes late and then get fined $10 a minute because they’ve picked their child up late from out of school hours care. It’s a very tough life out there for parents.
Gerald Tooth: At ABC Learning Centres, Eddy Groves has his own criticisms of the accreditation system.
Eddy Groves: I think it’s too divorced from the fact that you have state legislation as well. I mean you have state legislation, you have local government approval and then you have Federal government accreditation; I think it could be better. I think it comes down to a lot of opinion. I think it comes down to a lot of personal belief in what they think a childcare centre should be, instead of following what’s there. So it certainly could be improved and I’ve said that for years.
Gerald Tooth: And there are other serious criticisms of the failing of the accreditation system from within the industry.
The fact that validation inspections are only made once every 2-1/2 years, and extensive notice is given for those inspections, is seen as a major weakness, and what’s more, a weakness that is being cynically exploited by corporate childcare companies.
This is what early childhood educator, Jennifer, has to say about accreditation.
Jennifer: They know in advance the day that the reviewer will be coming, and so some of the examples I’ve seen are truckloads of toys being shipped from centre to centre, so that the resource levels are at a very high standard. And then the day after the reviewer is gone, those toys are then moved to either the next centre that’s getting reviewed, or shipped out to somewhere else. Also the staff are moved, so staff are moved from one centre to another centre to ensure that there are a high level of staff that are there, but it’s not a true indication. So until the accreditation system is allowed to actually do things like spot checks, where there is no preparation, there is no warning, then it becomes a farce.
Gerald Tooth: Tracey Kirk-Downey has been working in childcare for 20 years and is the New South Wales Secretary of NACBCS , the National Association of Community Based Children’s Services.
Tracey Kirk-Downey has also worked as a validator under the National Childcare Accreditation Council. In that role, she went into centres in New South Wales to carry out inspections. When Background Briefing spoke to her at an early childhood conference in Melbourne, she backed Jennifer’s story with her own experiences.
Tracey Kirk-Downey: We’re being told that it’s still happening across the state.
Gerald Tooth: Why is it clear to you that that was happening?
Tracey Kirk-Downey: Well as a reviewer, it’s very easy to see when the children are acting like a kid in a Christmas cave with all this new equipment, it’s like a feeding frenzy in the toyshop. The children aren’t, if they’re used that equipment being around, they’re very calm with it, they know how to use it, they move between activities very calmly. When there’s lots of new equipment brought in at one time where the children have not been using it before, it’s very obvious to see that it’s a new explosion for them, fighting with each other to try and have a turn of it. Normally if that stuff’s been there for a while, the children have already sorted all that stuff out, it’s not hard to figure out. And the staff that the children don’t know the names of. So that’s pretty easy to figure out as well, if they don’t know the staff’s name.
Gerald Tooth: So what you’re saying is despite the accreditation process, that in the private sector childcare operators are running centres that don’t meet the required standards. On a day to day basis, those centres don’t meet the required standards of legislation.
Tracey Kirk-Downey: Yes, that’s what happening, and there’s not a damn thing we can do about it.
Gerald Tooth: These stories of resource shifting to get centres up to scratch are totally rejected by ABC Learning Centres. Eddy Groves says while it’s a persistent story, it’s also an apocryphal one.
Eddy Groves: I’ve heard that as long as accreditation’s been in place. You know, you’ve heard that about the private childcare centre. Now it’s moved towards ABC, because ABC’s high profile. But while we were just private it was about the private childcare sector. I can only speak from ABC’s point of view, and I can only speak from when we were private and public. It’s just nonsense. I mean the amount of money that we have reinvested back in these centres in the last 12 months, centres that would never have had a cent spent on them, is unbelievable.
Gerald Tooth: But can you guarantee that that’s never happened?
Eddy Groves: I guarantee it. I can absolutely state categorically it’s never happened.
Gerald Tooth: In chasing down this story, Background Briefing could find no-one that had witnessed the actual shifting of resources. All those that we spoke to about this allegation had heard the story from someone else.
Meanwhile the Chairman of the Accreditation Council, John Tainton, notes the criticisms of the accreditation system but says things aren’t about to change.
John Tainton: We start from the assumption that we’re working with professionals in this field and we treat them as professionals and for that reason they do get notice when a validation visit is on, and the validation visit really is simply there to test out the self-study that the service has done for itself, and to pick up on issues that might be raised in the independent surveys from families. Two-and-a-half years, well that’s our present system. The system that we operated prior to that, since 1994, allowed some services to string out as much as five years between visits. We’ve tightened that right back to a neat 2-1/2 years, and no service will go over that time, they’re all visited within that 2-1/2 year time frame.
Gerald Tooth: And in answer to those calling for unannounced spot checks, John Tainton says he isn’t sure what they would achieve.
"When you ask them what they want spot checked, invariably the sort of issues they raise are licensing issues."
John Tainton: When you ask them what they want spot checked, invariably the sort of issues they raise are licensing issues rather than the issues that come under the quality assurance system, and our response to that is that through our protocols with the state and territory licensing authorities, if we receive a formal complaint about a service and it’s a spot check style issue, we’ll refer it to the licensing authority, and they do spot checks. So the spot checks happen about those kinds of things, things that relate to staff and equipment and spaces and ratios of staff and children and all of those sorts of things, they’re all licensing issues. And they’re the issues that are most readily picked up on with spot checks, and the protocols are there for the states to do it.
Gerald Tooth: The state bodies to whom he’s passing the buck are of course stretched very thin and unlike the National body, don’t have that crucial power to withdraw funding to centres that don’t come up to scratch.
One of the things not directly addressed by accreditation is how staff are treated within centres. Some staff are expected to supply their own materials for activities. Others have to do the cleaning and paperwork at the same time they’re expected to be supervising children.
Here’s another childcare student’s account of her experience in a centre.
My time at the centre was a mix of worrying, cleaning and being left alone. I think that I was exposed to poor quality care. The staff were pleasant to me, but I felt that they were always trying to offload the jobs they didn’t want to me. I cleaned the bathroom very day, mopped and swept the floors, cleaned up after morning tea, and lunch, and afternoon tea, and packed the sheets away. I felt like I was working for the staff instead of with the staff.
Gerald Tooth: The National President of Early Childhood Australia is Judy Radich. She is also the Director of the Coolon Childcare Centre at Tweed Heads in Northern New South Wales.
Judy Radich says carers shouldn’t be cleaning. She has put in place staff support practices that she would like to see adopted across the country.
Judy Radich: My staff get paid release time to keep the children’s records so they get release time away from the children to do that. In other services, you’re expected to fit that in perhaps when the children were sleeping or perhaps when at night at home, and when you’re only being paid $25,000 to $27,000 a year I think it’s a really unrealistic expectation. My staff get their meals all provided, as the children get their meals, and we like them to eat with the children, so that’s a cost saving I guess for my staff. They get paid training, they get release time to go to training, and many other childcare services they don’t get those benefits.
Gerald Tooth: Well when you say many other childcare services don’t provide that, it’s most, isn’t it?
Judy Radich: It is most.
Gerald Tooth: What does that say about the industry itself?
Judy Radich: Well I think it says that we’re still perhaps stuck back there where it was nice young girls who worked with children and families and saw it as their duty just to work on and not think about it and not complain about it. And I think that’s one of our fundamental problems, is that we get, when we work in childcare, we get to know the children and families, so we don’t want to make a fuss, so we put up with things that perhaps aren’t right. I mean most childcare centres, the staff also have to do all of the cleaning. I mean in my service, we get commercial cleaners in at the end of every day. That impacts on just their status I guess, if you’re expected to mop out the bathroom and wash the floors every day, and wash the windows, as well as look after the children, I think there’s some really mixed messages there and many staff don’t seem to think about it, they just do it.
Gerald Tooth: Eddy Groves does expect staff at ABC Learning Centres to clean.
Eddy Groves: In some centres.
Gerald Tooth: Who looks after the children when the staff are doing the cleaning?
Eddy Groves: Well I mean it’s usually when the children are asleep or having a rest. You certainly have to do some cleaning during the day. You don’t just leave food on the floor, you don’t leave, if the children have had lunch, certainly you have to sweep up after the children, you have to mop those floors and you have to keep a hygiene area for the children.
Gerald Tooth: One of the main arguments put by those concerned about the rising influence of the corporate childcare companies is that quality services can’t be maintained when companies are focused on maximising profits for shareholders. And they point to these sort of cost-saving measures and the pressure they put on staff.
As we heard earlier, Eddy Groves’ response is you can’t make profits without offering a quality service.
Others in the field beg to differ.
Joy Goodfellow is an early childhood expert at Macquarie University. She recently wrote a paper titled ‘Is the marketplace influencing our view of the child?’ which focused on the shift in who is seen as ‘the consumer’ of childcare services. Once it was the child, now apparently, it’s the parent.
Joy Goodfellow is concerned that profit-driven childcare services have lost sight of just how critical it is for children’s development to build consistent, long-term relationships between children and childcare workers.
Joy Goodfellow: So where we have situations where an organisation is trying to cut its costs and salaries are the high cost, for example, in a not-for-profit organisation you could expect salary costs to be around 80% of their total budget. The corporate sector and the two corporates that I’ve looked at are Peppercorn and ABC Learning. They hope to keep their budgets down under 50%. So the way you keep your salary budget down under 50% is to think about the cost of staff in your centre. So you might want to employ people who have lesser qualification if your regulation allows you to do that. It might say you want to have higher numbers of casual staff so that you can then put those staff off if you don’t have the children there. It might mean that in a day you have only maybe a small handful of children left in the afternoon, so you say OK, we’ll group all those children together under this staff member, and send the other staff member home. So there are things, or practices that can occur that are I believe, detrimental to children but they are undertaken in order to economise.
Gerald Tooth: Eddy Groves is heartily sick of the allegation that his centres employ high numbers of casuals and have high staff turnover.
Eddy Groves: Well I’d love to see them come in and have a look at the books. I’m quite happy to open it up and show them. That’s just lunacy, we haven’t had casual people within the centres for years. That changed years and years ago. I mean childcare was heavily casualised for many years, but I think well back in about ’98, ’99, we converted all the people working in the centres to permanent. So all these things that they continue to grasp at, but I have all the statistics, and I’m happy to show anybody. But they don’t want to have that debate, they just want to say those things. If they want to have that serious debate and look at the numbers, I can show them. Five-thousand-553 people working within the centres, 414 of them turned over within a year. None of them can boast that record, not a community-based, none of them.
Gerald Tooth: But what happens when things go wrong in the corporate childcare world.
With ABC Learning Centres now owning 750 centres, what would be the impact on children if such a large player found itself in financial difficulty?
The recent history of Child Care Centres Australia provides a salutary insight. Caroline Fewster is an Associate Professor in Early Childhood at Bond University on the Gold Coast. She was also a board member of Child Care Centres Australia, a board that was chaired by Liberal party figure, Andrew Peacock.
CCCA was heading down a similar path to ABC Learning Centres. It had floated on the stockmarket with the help of Andrew Peacock’s son-in-law and prominent Liberal, Michael Kroger. The company was rapidly expanding when it acquired 41 centres in Western Australia.
The company hadn’t done its sums properly though, overestimating its profits by almost 90%. The whole thing went belly-up and shares were suspended from trading.
Former Child Care Centres Australia board member Caroline Fewster says that had a devastating effect within the centres at ground level.
Caroline Fewster: Very worrying effect on staff, children and families, and particularly directors. This impacts on the quality of child care provision, and I saw it first-hand. There were many dilemmas that we all faced in that rather sad time for the company and all of those involved.
Gerald Tooth: What about the children, what happens for the children or to the children in that circumstance when a large child care company is in financial difficulty?
Caroline Fewster: Well there are many effects on the provision of service to children and families. One is that there may be a change of staff, so you get an upheaval of staff changes.
Gerald Tooth: And I presume those working that stayed would have been stressed. Does that stress get passed on to the children?
Caroline Fewster: Definitely, because the staff, particularly the director, has to fulfil different roles, and they have to adapt to a new way of doing things, a new administrative system. This has a very negative impact on everybody concerned.
Gerald Tooth: Caroline Fewster says that even before the company found itself in financial trouble, she often found sitting on the board of a corporate childcare centre a very uncomfortable place to be.
Caroline Fewster: I’ve definitely experienced many tensions, and many ethical dilemmas in my time and it’s a really difficult situation, is my experience.
Gerald Tooth: What were some of those ethical dilemmas?
"The hardest part was to constantly be reviewing...the cost of the wages per week, constantly reviewing for profit, not for the service provision."
Caroline Fewster: I found the hardest part was to constantly be reviewing the status of the children’s services workforce within each child care centre. Constantly reviewing on how because of the cost of the wages per week, constantly reviewing for profit, not for the service provision. I found those to be decisions that I found most difficult to work with.
Gerald Tooth: So your experience of the corporate sector was that they were making decisions on staffing about profits, not about what services were being provided to children?
Caroline Fewster: Yes. In many cases it was a financial decision rather than the program which needed so badly to have extra hours for staff. I also found that to be – it was unsettling staff because they couldn’t predict the hours of work that they were going to have. Therefore they can’t borrow money to buy a house or to buy a car, those dilemmas gave me sleepless nights.
Gerald Tooth: Caroline Fewster, former board member of Child Care Centres Australia. The company was eventually bailed out by Peppercorn Management. Both companies are now merging with ABC Learning Centres.
Caroline Fewster’s story also highlights the fact that there is virtually no regulation on who can own and run a childcare company. For example, Andrew Peacock had no experience in the field when he came to the chairmanship of CCCA. And in the rush to get in on a good thing, new entrants such as a diamond mining company are now taking their chances in the industry.
Meanwhile, at the head of the pack, ABC Learning Centres is developing the complete vertically integrated company structure. It’s now started trainings its own staff in early childhood education.
So much rests on the quality of training for those that work in childcare centres. Research conducted in the UK, the US and in New Zealand has produced results showing strong links between the quality of the early childhood educator and positive outcomes for children.
Yet our children are getting anything but consistency.
As we said earlier, different states require different levels of training to become a group leader in a centre. And there’s even a loophole about meeting those standards.
If a childcare centre operator has advertised for trained staff and not got them, they can install an unqualified person as a group leader. The proviso is that that person must be enrolled in a course to get their qualifications. The end result for children though is that a lowly-paid 17-year-old without proper training can be put in charge of delivering programs that they know little about.
Eddy Groves says this is not an uncommon scenario within the industry and it does happen at ABC Learning Centres.
Eddy Groves: For sure, yes, and so do all the community-based, too. That just comes from the growth in childcare. And that the universities and training colleges hasn’t kept up. And that’s exactly the reason why that provision was put into the legislation, because if they didn’t put that provision in the legislation, what you’d have is you’d have a situation where you couldn’t get group leaders with the qualification and childcare in Australia would come to a halt.
Gerald Tooth: So how do you maintain a quality service if your group leaders don’t have that full qualification that they’re supposed to have?
Eddy Groves: Well it’s about the ongoing training and it’s also about the training within the particular sector. I mean that’s not just an ABC scenario, that’s an industry scenario, and you could look at any community-based operation and find exactly the same thing.
Gerald Tooth: Alison Elliott from ACER says it’s time we had national standards outlining just what qualifications early childhood educations should hold.
Alison Elliott: Our standard for children aged five and over is four-year degree, but we’re not at all sure what we should have with children five years and under who are in the pre-school sector, and the child care sector. "We’ve got no national agreement on what is appropriate, and yet these are the staff who are responsible for development in education and care of children at their most vulnerable." We’ve got no national agreement on what is appropriate, and yet these are the staff who are responsible for development in education and care of children at their most vulnerable period, and what we know from the research is that there’s particular and rapid brain growth in those early years, and particular receptiveness in children to learning opportunities. And unless we can be in there enriching those opportunities, we’re likely to suffer the consequences down the track. And there’s good evidence for that throughout the world.
Gerald Tooth: Dr Alison Elliott of the Australian Council for Educational Research.
The President of Early Childhood Australia, Judy Radich, says she feels for parents coming into childcare not knowing what they should expect of the service they’ve chosen.
Judy Radich: They often need to put their children in child care for various reasons and they want to believe it’s going to be good for their children, so if they get a bright, breezy welcome at the front door, and the child’s happy most of the time, they believe it’s all right. But it’s the very first educational-type setting, or away from home setting that parents often put their children into, and they don’t know to ask the right questions.
Gerald Tooth: With the help of some childcare experts, Background Briefing has compiled a list of the right questions for you to ask at your childcare centre. Some of the most important are:
What is the accreditation history of the centre? Did it receive a ‘high quality’ or ‘satisfactory quality’ rating last time it was assessed?
Does this centre have an open door policy and are parents encouraged to drop in at any time?
How many children are in the room at any given time? What are the current staff-child ratios?
What are the qualifications of the group leader in my child’s room?
For a full list of questions, please visit the Background Briefing website.
Gerald Tooth: Background Briefing’s Co-ordinating Producer is Linda McGinnis. Research and Web, Elissar Mukhtar; Technical Production, Mark Don; Executive Producer, Kirsten Garrett. I’m Gerald Tooth and you’re listening to ABC Radio National.
Questions to ask your child-care centre
Source: [[ABC Radio National - Background Briefing: 3 October 2004 - Child-Care Profits|http://www.abc.net.au/rn/talks/bbing/stories/s1214400.htm]]
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After the Bear Stearns bailout: Fears of more Wall Street failures
By Barry Grey
17 March 2008
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In the aftermath of Friday’s emergency action by the Federal Reserve Board to prevent the immediate collapse of the Wall Street investment bank Bear Stearns, US and global markets are bracing for signs that other major US financial institutions will similarly implode.
In a move than has no precedent since the Great Depression of the 1930s, the US central bank brokered an arrangement whereby JP Morgan Chase borrows money from the Federal Reserve Bank of New York and makes it available to Bear Stearns, in the form of a 28-day loan. The Fed explicitly stipulated that it, not JP Morgan Chase, would assume the risk of a default on the loan by Bear Stearns.
The Fed acknowledged that it took this extraordinary action to prevent a run on Bear Stearns, the fifth largest investment bank in the US, from causing an immediate failure of the institution. Noting the danger of “systemic” consequences of such a development, the Fed in effect signaled that it feared a collapse of Bear Stearns would lead to a panic on financial markets and collapse of confidence in the US banking system.
In an article published on Saturday, headlined, “Debt Reckoning: US Receives a Margin Call,” the Wall Street Journal summed up the significance of Friday’s events as follows:
“The US is at the receiving end of a massive margin call: Across the economy, wary lenders are demanding that borrowers put up more collateral or sell assets to reduce debts.
“The unfolding financial crisis—one that began with bad bets on securities backed by subprime mortgages, then sparked a tightening of credit between big banks—appears to be broadening further. For years, the US economy has been borrowing from cash-rich lenders from Asia to the Middle East. American firms and households have enjoyed readily available credit at easy terms. No longer.
“Recent days’ cascade of bad news, culminating in yesterday’s bailout of Bear Stearns, is accelerating the erosion of trust in the longevity of some brand-name US financial institutions. The growing crisis of confidence now extends to the credit-worthiness of borrowers across the spectrum—touching American homeowners, who are seeing the value of their bedrock asset decline, and raising questions about the capacity of the Federal Reserve and US government to rapidly repair the problems.”
In its lead editorial, the Financial Times of London sounded a similarly ominous note, writing:
“Bear Stearns is a leverage machine: with only $11.8 billion of capital from its shareholders it supports a balance sheet of $395 billion, most of it in bonds, and many of those backed by mortgages. To finance that balance sheet, Bear relies on short-term loans secured against its portfolio of bonds...
“A poisonous cycle has taken hold. As mortgage-backed bonds fall in value—even those backed by quasi-government entities Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac—banks demand more security to lend against them. That pushes leveraged investors to sell bonds, depressing prices still further, prompting more margin calls and the collapse of some funds, such as Peloton Capital and Carlyle Capital Corporation...
“There is a whiff of 1929 about all this... Now the question is: what else is out there? Will the liquidity and solvency of other large banks and brokers be called into question?”
The New York Times on Saturday quoted James L. Melcher, president of Balestra Capital, a hedge fund based in New York, as saying, “You get to where people can’t trade with each other. If the Fed hadn’t acted this morning and Bear did default on its obligations, then that could have triggered a very widespread panic and potentially a collapse of the financial system.”
The Fed’s action was aimed at buying time for an orderly disposition of the Bear Stearns debacle, most likely involving the sale of the 85-year-old company, either in whole or in parts, to other banks or financial institutions. Talks were launched on Friday to find one or more buyers of the firm, with speculation centering first on JP Morgan Chase, the clearing bank for Bear Stearns. Other possible takers mentioned in press accounts include the Royal Bank of Scotland and J. C. Flowers, a private equity firm.
Even as these talks were underway, doubts were being raised about another Wall Street titan, the investment bank Lehman Brothers. Bear Stearns was particularly vulnerable to the pressure of a growing credit crisis, combined with a slide into recession, mounting inflation and a rapid fall in the US dollar, in part because it was the second biggest underwriter of mortgage-backed securities. Lehman, however, is the largest underwriter of these distressed and largely unmarketable investments.
While Lehman’s capital position is reportedly stronger than Bear Stearns’, it is the weakest of the other major Wall Street investment houses and commercial banks. The price of Bear Stearns’ stock plummeted by 47 percent on Friday, but Lehman Brothers’ stock also took a gigantic hit, losing 15 percent.
In an unambiguous sign of investor nervousness over Lehman’s prospects, the price for insuring the firm’s debt jumped to $478 per $10,000 in bonds on Friday, from $385 in the morning, according to Thomson Financial.
Another indication of problems was Lehman’s announcement Friday that it had obtained a $2 billion, three-year line of unsecured bank credit from a consortium of 40 banks. JP Morgan Chase and Citigroup led the effort to shore up Lehman’s balance sheet.
The near-panic mood in US and global markets is not likely to improve this week, as four of the five biggest Wall Street investment banks report their fourth quarter earnings. Bear Stearns was due to report on Thursday, but moved the timing up to Monday after Friday’s developments. The others due to report are Goldman Sachs, Morgan Stanley and Lehman Brothers. It is widely expected that the firms will report billions more in write-downs and losses from failing mortgage-backed securities and other distressed debt holdings.
On March 7, Goldman Sachs upped its projection of total bank losses likely to be suffered as a result of the credit crisis to $1,156 trillion—$500 billion in mortgage-backed securities and $656 billion in other soured investments.
The Fed’s action in throwing a temporary life-line to Bear Stearns was the latest in a series of increasingly desperate measures taken by the central bank to avert a financial meltdown. Already this month, the Fed has allocated an additional $400 billion in credit to major banks and investment houses, agreeing to accept as collateral for Treasury bonds privately issued mortgage-backed securities.
On Tuesday, the Federal Reserve’s Federal Open Market Committee meets and is expected to announce a further cut in short-term interest rates of at least 0.5 percent. Market players are betting heavily that the Fed will go even further and slash rates by 0.75 percent or even a full 1 percent. This will bring the federal funds rate, the rate banks charge one another for overnight loans, to 2.5 percent or less. It will mean a cumulative cut of at least 2.75 percent since the Fed began slashing interest rates last September in response to the credit crunch brought on by the collapse of the housing market and soaring home loan defaults and foreclosures.
The massive injections of liquidity and rapid reduction in interest rates can only accelerate the rise in commodity prices, stoking inflationary pressures, and further undermine the dollar on world currency markets. On Friday, Gold reached new records, surpassing the $1,000-per ounce mark and crude oil hit new highs. The dollar reached a twelve-year low against the Japanese yen, hit record lows against the euro, and for the first time ever fell below parity with the Swiss franc.
These are devastating expressions of the decline of confidence worldwide in the US financial system. “Gold is not only an inflation hedge,” said James Turk, founder of GoldMoney.com, “it’s a catastrophe hedge.” He added, “Gold is becoming increasingly important as the credit crunch continues to spiral out of control.”
US Treasury Secretary Henry Paulson’s appearances on Sunday talk shows could not have improved the view of investors on the prospects for the US and global economy. Asked point blank by moderator Chris Wallace of Fox News and George Stephanopoulos of ABC News whether there were other major banks or finance houses likely to suffer a fate similar to that of Bear Stearns, Paulson evaded the question, but pointedly did not rule it out. When asked whether the Bush administration would take stronger measures to bolster the dollar, he similarly demurred, merely repeating the official mantra that “a strong dollar is in the national interest of the United States.”
Notwithstanding the assurances by the Bush administration that the present crisis is little more than a “rough patch,” the signs of impending disaster are mounting. As the Wall Street Journal reported Saturday, there are indications that the massive flow of capital into the US that has sustained the increasingly indebted American economy is markedly slowing. The Journal noted:
“While cash continues to pour into the US from abroad, this flow has been slowing. In 2007, foreigners’ net acquisition of long-term bonds and stocks in the US was $596 billion, down from $722 billion in 2006, according to Treasury Department data. From July to December, as jitters about securities linked to US subprime mortgages spread, net purchases were just $121 billion, a 65 percent decrease from the same period a year earlier. Americans, meanwhile, are investing more of their own money abroad.”
Agence France-Presse carried a story Saturday on one indication of the historical decline in the global position of American capitalism that is at the heart of the current crisis. Under the headline “Dollar’s Plunge Pushes Eurozone Past US,” the news agency cited a report issued last week by Goldman Sachs noting: “With the euro now trading around 1.56 against the dollar, the size of its annual output (at market value) has exceeded that of the United States.”
See Also:
Fed rescue of Bear Stearns raises specter of Depression-era crash
[15 March 2008]
Gold and oil prices soar, dollar slumps, Carlyle Group fund collapses
[14 March 2008]
US Federal Reserve injects $200 billion into credit markets to avert financial meltdown
[13 March 2008]
Source: [[After the Bear Stearns bailout: Fears of more Wall Street failures|http://www.wsws.org/articles/2008/mar2008/bear-m17.shtml]]
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Answers sought from ABC's nowhere man
Date: February 28 2008
Mark Hawthorne
HE WAS once known as the "other Eddy Everywhere", but ABC Learning Centres boss Edmund Groves is proving a rather difficult man to track down at the moment.
Certainly he's more difficult to find than the original "Eddie Everywhere", Melbourne's Eddie McGuire.
It's little wonder, really.
After amassing a $270 million personal fortune by the age of 40, Eddy Groves lost $45 million in just two hours on Tuesday morning.
There are plenty of corporate heavyweights, including a bank with heavy exposure to ABC and a rather powerful Singapore family, who are looking for Eddy at the moment.
National Australia Bank, Lazard Asset Management and Challenger Financial Services top the list.
Indeed, Lazard added 4.9 million ABC Learning shares to its portfolio in January and February this year, to become the major shareholder in the company, and announced the purchases just days before ABC's share price collapse.
No doubt there's a few suits at Lazard HQ in Sydney who would like a chat.
Sadly for them, Eddy can be a hard man to track down. His preferred mode of transport is a private Citation CJ3 jet, which means he can whip in and out of Australia's airports at will.
It's the very same model that famous flying Australian Dick Smith likes to get about in and, in case you were wondering, they cost about $US7 million ($A7.45 million). Which isn't quite as much as Eddy and his co-directors have blown in margin calls this week.
That private jet has been parked out at Melbourne Airport for much of the week, as Eddy has worked hard to appease investors and hold the crumbling child-care empire together.
After conducting a telephone briefing with media in Melbourne on Tuesday, at which he refused to answer questions about personal margin calls and denied the child-care empire was up for sale, Eddy visited Macquarie Group's Melbourne HQ yesterday, according to insiders.
"He's booked solid," one source revealed to Full Disclosure.
Sadly, Eddy had to skip his most high-profile appearance - he was due to visit the Melbourne Tigers versus Brisbane Bullets semi-final at the State Netball and Hockey Centre last night.
Instead, the ABC Learning Centres founder Edmund Groves was ensconced in crisis meetings rather than supporting the Bullets in their semi-final, the National Basketball League club that he owns.
Pity - Eddy needs a few pointers in rebounding at the moment, after ABC Learning plunged 40%, with a bullet, on Monday.
Indeed, while the Bullets battled the Tigers, there was plenty to keep Eddy, his wife, Le Neve Groves, and fellow directors David Ryan and Martin Kemp busy.
All have been forced to dump millions of dollars worth of shares in the company, and now the ASX has confirmed it is investigating trading in the company's shares and disclosures by the board.
In four announcements made to the stock exchange, the founder and CEO revealed he had dumped more than 8 million shares worth $14.8 million, at an average price of $1.84, leaving him with 12 million shares.
Maybe Eddy will have to downgrade that jet at some stage. After all, both chicken boss Bob Ingham and former motorcycle champ Mick Doohan are content with the smaller Citation V11. They cost a mere $5 million.
Well connectedWHILE Eddy Groves works hard to appease disgruntled investors, a chill wind has blown through the Opposition benches in Canberra after ABC Learning's share price collapse.
Federal government child-care subsidies have provided the foundations on which ABC Learning was built.
Indeed, Federal Government subsidies contributed about 45% to ABC Learning's Australian revenue last financial year.
One of the planks of John Howard's election pitch was the Liberal Party's $687 million child-care plan.
If it won the election, the Coalition planned to pay the child-care rebate directly to operators, instead of directly to parents, from April 1. Directly to operators such as ABC Learning, which dominates the market.
The company's share price soared on that news - up from $5.52 before the announcement to a high $6.28, before settling back to close at $5.99.
Of course, as Full Disclosure has reported before, Liberal Party links with ABC Learning, the world's largest provider of child-care services, are purely coincidental.
Former Howard Government minister Larry Anthony is on the board. Sallyanne Atkinson, the former lord mayor of Brisbane and a Liberal Party member, is chairwoman of ABC Learning.
Anthony is, coincidentally, the former Minister for Children and Youth Affairs. He found a new job as a non-executive director at ABC Learning just four months after losing his seat of Richmond in the 2004 election.
In 2004 ABC also bought out listed rival Child Care Centres Australia, which boasted former Liberal Party leader Andrew Peacock as its chairman. J.T. Campbell, the investment bank of Liberal Party powerbroker Michael Kroger, had been a shareholder and adviser to the company.
This material is subject to copyright and any unauthorised use, copying or mirroring is prohibited.
[ The Age | Text-only index]
Source: [[Answers sought from ABC's nowhere man|http://business.theage.com.au/answers-sought-from-abcs-nowhere-man/20080227-1vb3.html?skin=text-only]]
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<h1><br> by <a href="http://sheldonbrown.com/home.html">Sheldon "Spin" Brown</a></h1>
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<tbody><tr><td>Reportedly, SunRace/Sturmey-Archer is considering doing
a new production run of the ASC 3-speed fixed-gear hub, or an updated
version of it. Given SunRace's track record with Sturmey-Archer, I
would expect a new version to be more reliable than the original.<p>
They're not certain about how much demand there might be for it though.
If this is something that would be of possible interest to you, let
them know by sending an email to them using the link below:
</p><center>
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</script><a target="_blank" href="https://mail.google.com/mail?view=cm&tf=0&ui=1&to=info@sunraceusa.com&su=new%20three-speed%20fixed%20gear%20hub" title="">Send an eMail To SunRace/Sturmey-Archer</a>
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<font size="+2"><b>Fixed Gears</b></font></a></td><td align="right"><a href="http://sheldonbrown.com/fixed.html"><b>For the active, vigorous cyclist.</b></a></td></tr></tbody></table>
<blockquote>Are you sure you need a bicycle with gears? The purest,
simplest kind of bicycle is the fixed-gear bicycle. Riding a fixed gear
will make you a stronger, smoother cyclist...<b>and it is a ton of fun!</b><p>
</p></blockquote>
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<blockquote>This article deals with the nuts-and-bolts of converting a conventional bicycle into a fixed gear.<p>
</p></blockquote>
<center><img alt="Spoke Divider" src="http://sheldonbrown.com/images/spokeflop.gif" height="12" width="559"></center>
<table width="100%">
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<blockquote>A collection of testimonials from happy fixed-gear converts.<p>
</p></blockquote>
<center><img alt="Spoke Divider" src="http://sheldonbrown.com/images/spoke.gif" height="12" width="559"></center>
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<a href="http://sheldonbrown.com/fixed-scb.html">
<font size="+2"><b>My Fixed-Gear Fleet</b></font></a></td><td align="right"><a href="http://sheldonbrown.com/fixed-scb.html"><b>Think you have too many bikes?</b></a></td></tr></tbody></table>
<blockquote>Read about my personal collection of weird and wonderful fixed-gear bikes.<p>
</p></blockquote>
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<table width="100%"><tbody><tr><td>
<font size="+2"><b><a href="http://sheldonbrown.com/deakins/how-to-fixed-conversion.html">Fixed-gear on the Cheap! by Tom Deakins </a></b></font>
</td><td align="right">
<b>Not sure you'll like fixed gear? Handy?</b>
</td></tr></tbody></table>
<blockquote>
Convert an old clunker to taste the fixed-gear experience.
</blockquote>
<p>
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<font size="+2"><b><font color="RED">NEW!</font> <a href="http://sheldonbrown.com/fixed-knees.html">Fixed-gears and Knee Health by Charles Renner </a></b></font>
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<b>Is fixed gear riding beneficial for cyclists who suffer knee problems?</b>
</td></tr></tbody></table>
</p><blockquote>
It's an interesting theory, but by no means proven one way or another.
</blockquote>
<p>
<table width="100%">
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<a href="http://sheldonbrown.com/singlecross.html">
<font size="+2"><b>Singlespeed Cyclocross</b></font></a></td><td align="right"><a href="http://sheldonbrown.com/singlecross.html"><b>by Tarik Saleh</b></a></td></tr></tbody></table>
</p><blockquote>Does a singlespeed give you an unfair advantage in cyclocross racing?
</blockquote>
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<blockquote>Many cyclists are rebelling against the excessive
complication, fragility and weight of current mountain bikes. More and
more cyclists are discovering the joys of simple, one-speed bicycles.
</blockquote>
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<blockquote>If your local bike shop doesn't carry fixed gear stuff, you can get it here!<p>
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<a href="http://sheldonbrown.com/awfixed.html">
<font size="+2"><b>Make your own 2-speed fixed-gear</b></font></a></td><td align="right"><b>A <i>very advanced</i> do-it-yourself project.</b></td></tr></tbody></table>
<blockquote>It is theoretically possible to convert a Sturmey-Archer AW three-speed hub into a two-speed fixed gear.
</blockquote>
<center><img alt="Spoke Divider" src="http://sheldonbrown.com/images/spoke.gif" height="12" width="559"></center>
<table width="100%">
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<a href="http://sheldonbrown.com/gears/">
<font size="+2"><b> Online Gear Calculator</b></font></a></td><td align="right"><a href="http://sheldonbrown.com/gears/"><b>For cyclists who are not mathphobes.</b></a></td></tr></tbody></table>
<blockquote>
You can calculate <a href="http://sheldonbrown.com/gain.html">gain ratios</a>, <a href="http://sheldonbrown.com/gloss_g.html#gearinch">gear inches</a>, or <a href="http://sheldonbrown.com/gloss_da-o.html#development">meters development.</a> with my<big> <b><a href="http://sheldonbrown.com/gears/">Online Gear Calculator</a></b></big>
</blockquote>
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<table width="100%">
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<a href="http://sheldonbrown.com/gain.html"><font size="+2"><b>Gain Ratios</b></font></a></td><td align="right"><a href="http://sheldonbrown.com/gain.html"><b>For gear-head techno-nerds only! </b></a></td></tr></tbody></table>
<blockquote>A new and different way to calculate your bicycle's gears, and to compare the gears of one bicycle with those of another.<p>
</p></blockquote>
<center><img alt="Spoke Divider" src="http://sheldonbrown.com/images/spoke.gif" height="12" width="559"></center>
<table width="100%">
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<a href="http://sheldonbrown.com/glossary.html">
<font size="+2"><b>Sheldon Brown's Bicycle Glossary</b></font></a></td><td align="right"><a href="http://sheldonbrown.com/glossary.html"><b>For all cyclists.</b></a></td></tr></tbody></table>
<blockquote>An encyclopedic listing of bicycle lore, technical data and opinions.<p>
</p></blockquote>
<table width="100%">
<tbody><tr><td>
<a href="http://sheldonbrown.com/pbp2007/index.html">
<font size="+2"><b>Paris Brest Paris on Fixed Gear</b></font></a></td><td align="right"><a href="http://sheldonbrown.com/glossary.html"><b>by Emily O'Brien</b></a></td></tr></tbody></table>
<blockquote>An inspiring report on an epic ride, the 2007 Paris Brest Paris<p>
</p></blockquote>
<h2>External Fixed-Gear Links:</h2>
<h2><a href="http://software.bareknucklebrigade.com/">Rabbit, A Singlespeed and Fixed-gear Calculator</a>
</h2>
<blockquote>
Tom Kunicki's specialized calculator for fixed-gear and singlespeed applications
</blockquote>
<h2><a href="http://www.63xc.com" target="_blank">63xc.com-Fixed-gear Offroad!</a>
</h2>
<blockquote>
Into the woods without a freewheel!
</blockquote>
<h2><a href="http://c8m47.pi.tu-berlin.de/tandem/fixedgear_e.html" target="_blank">Dirk Bettge's converted Hercules 3-speed</a>
</h2>
<blockquote>
You don't need a fancy frame to get started in fixed gear!
</blockquote>
<h2><a href="http://www.63xc.com/gregg/101_1.htm" target="_blank">Fixed-Gear 101</a>
</h2>
<blockquote>
Greg Goode's introduction to fixed gear technique
</blockquote>
<h2><a href="http://www.fixedgeargallery.com/" target="_blank">Fixed-Gear Gallery</a>
</h2>
<blockquote>
Zillions of fixed gear bike pix.</blockquote>
<h2><a href="http://www.fyxomatosis.com/" target="_blank">Fixymatosis</a>
</h2>
<blockquote>
Pretty pictures from Oz</blockquote>
<h2><a href="http://www.oldskooltrack.com/" target="olds">OldSkoolTrack.com</a></h2>
<blockquote>
Good site for the urban fixed gear fan, but they're wrong about the need for brakes.
</blockquote>
<h2><a href="http://sheldonbrown.com/contact.html#feedback">Feedback?</a> <a href="http://sheldonbrown.com/contact.html">Questions?</a></h2>
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GLW Year 2006
Dick Nichols
The Australian economy has entered its 15th straight year of growth — its longest ever. It sailed through the 1997-98 Asian economic crisis and the 2001 global recession and now, with China sucking in enormous volumes of high-priced Australian iron ore, coal and gas, there's no sign of an end to the bonanza.
In 2005, the explosion in raw materials prices boosted Australia's terms of trade (prices of exports compared to prices of imports) by 13%, to a level not seen since the 1950s Korean War-driven wool boom.
Growth among Australia's other main trading partners is adding shine to the picture. In April, the International Monetary Fund (IMF) increased its forecast for world growth by 0.6 percentage points to 4.9%, the highest for 30 years. Financial markets, as tracked by the IMF's Global Financial Stability Report, show “unusually low risk premia and volatility”.
The “average Australian” has certainly got wealthier since the last recession (1990-91). Real per capita income has grown by 40% and the net financial wealth of a working-age Australian has doubled in real terms.
Of course, this growing pie has been divvied up very unevenly, with Australia's top 200 corporations and their CEOs getting a whopping slice, the top 10-15% of wage and salary earners a decent chunk and the working majority some crumbs (usually just before PM John Howard faces an election).
And the price of this “Australian economic miracle”? People working harder, longer and under greater stress; ongoing pillage of the natural environment; a collapse in infrastructure spending and very little reduction in the numbers living below the poverty line.
But how shock-proof have 25 years of economic rationalist “reforms” made this grotesquely unjust model? Is the 15-year boom more the result of such policies or of good luck?
Profit bonanza
The economy's basic motor remains the strength of business investment, which has lifted total investment (including that in housing and by government) above its historic average of 24.5% of GDP. Since mid-2002 business investment has grown at an annual rate of 14%, replacing household consumption as the main driver of growth.
Short of a crisis elsewhere in the world economy, it is hard to see this investment cycle turning down soon. How could the “investment climate” for the boardrooms be better than the present combination of high profitability, rising share prices, oceans of retained earnings and low real interest rates?
Despite some recent nervous “corrections” provoked by fears of a crash in intensely speculative world commodities markets, the Australian share market is at a record level. And unlike the years before the 1987 share market crash, this increase so far corresponds to a real lift in profits — up 24% over the year to December 2005.
At the same time that other den of speculation, the housing market, has been temporarily brought in to the “soft landing” planned for it in 2003 by the Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA).
The rise in world oil prices is yet to spur the sort of inflation that would force sharp increases in interest rates — the RBA's recent 0.25 percentage point rise was a touch on the brakes done in the hope of avoiding a bigger rate hike later on. And while wage growth in 2005 averaged 4.2% and there are labour shortages across an increasing spread of skills and professions, business surveys still show expected inflation holding at just under 3% (the top of the RBA's target range).
Overseas corporations and financial institutions continue to show great belief in Australia as a profit opportunity. The current account deficit (CAD) — the difference between revenue from exports and Australian investments abroad as against spending on imports and revenue repatriated to foreigners investing in Australia — reached a record 7.2% of GDP in the December quarter of 2004.
Nonetheless, since mid-2004 the Australian dollar has slightly appreciated against the US dollar, the euro and the yen.
The real interest differential between Australian and US bonds — the risk premium demanded by overseas investors for lending to Australian governments and corporations — now hovers around zero (after being as high as 4% in 1993).
This confidence has largely been won through the continuing successes of Australian governments, Liberal and Labor, in implementing the capital-friendly recipes of economic rationalism.
Inflation? It was smashed by Paul Keating's 1990-91 “recession we had to have” and kept low ever since by RBA determination not to let it escape the 2-3% target range (and ACTU acceptance of this).
The federal budget deficit? This has been put into surplus such that federal government debt (still $96 billion in 1996) could be paid off.
Productivity? Its annual average growth rate reached 3.2% in the upturn after the 1990-91 recession (1% more than the historical trend), due overwhelmingly to Labor's introduction of enterprise bargaining and Howard's 1996 Workplace Relations Act.
Australia's secular terms of trade decline? Overturned, but here Canberra can claim only a part of the credit. Though partly due to increased exports of manufactures and services, this trend reversal has mainly been driven by the huge fall in the prices of imported manufactures from Asia, especially China.
CAD vulnerability?
What about Australia's chronic CAD and foreign debt burden, which caused so much angst in the 1980s, and which continues to average 4.5% of GDP, $56 billion for 2006? In the early 1990s economic commentators of all stripes (including this one) believed that the CAD set a “speed limit” for the Australian economy.
The conviction was that a growth rate much over 3.5% would suck in imports at such a pace that the CAD would rapidly widen and interest rates would have to rise to attract capital inflows. That would increase the risk of a downturn in investment and even recession. But growth averaging 3.9% in the 1990s disproved this theorem.
The key point to grasp here is that the CAD of any national economy also measures the degree to which domestic investors (corporate, government and household) draw on foreign savings to fund that part of their investment that is not funded by domestic savings.
Australia, like every other “frontier” capitalist economy, has traditionally been inserted into the world economy in this way, permanently drawing on the savings of older capitalist economies to help fund development. That is, in terms of its balance of payments, the Australian economy has nearly always run a surplus on its capital account, the mirror image of its CAD.
There is nothing wrong with running a CAD year after year, provided that foreign investors are happy enough with the deal they're getting and don't see any threats that would make them “head for the exits” — like a drastic Australian dollar depreciation devaluing their investments in terms of other currencies. And the greater their confidence, the lower will be the real interest rate needed to lure them into holding Australian debt, the more they'll invest in exploiting Australian labour, and the easier monetary policy, and the faster growth, can be.
This is what happened in the 1990s. Once the “investment community” became convinced that the RBA would lock in low inflation and the Howard government budget surpluses, the rate of investment in Australian assets accelerated and risk premia on Australian debt quickly shrank. As a result, net foreign private debt as a proportion of GDP has nearly doubled since 1995, from 26% to 48%.
Not that Australia’s policymakers have become blase about the CAD and Australia's foreign liabilities — that's a big ongoing discussion. Rather, they have attacked the gap between investment and savings that it expresses directly by introducing forced savings (superannuation) schemes and the Future Fund, and by running government budget surpluses and paying off the government part of foreign debt. That this hasn't automatically reduced the CAD is due to the fact that any government penny-pinching can always be offset by increases in private investment and/or falls in private saving.
Nonetheless, the experience of the five “Anglo-Saxon” economies over this period — Australia, New Zealand, Canada, Britain and the US, all of which have experienced a big housing boom — shows that it has only been in those that have eliminated government budget deficits that the overall savings rate has been maintained (Australia, New Zealand) or increased (Canada) — even as the overall rate of investment has risen.
This result confirms research which has found that every dollar added to government budget surpluses increases total savings on average by 50 cents (see IMF World Economic Outlook, September 2005).
Brilliant or lucky?
Australia’s economic policymakers would have us believe that the economic rationalist crusade is the main reason for Australia's 15-year growth phase. There is only a little truth to that claim — most developed capitalist countries enjoyed low inflation growth in the 1990s. And Australia has been ideally placed to feed off the ongoing Chinese boom, which would have sustained growth in almost any policy environment.
Australia's success in navigating the 1997-98 Asian econo0mic crisis was as much due to the extra influx of overseas funds seeking a “safe haven” than the cleverly depreciated Australian dollar. Or rather, this influx of capital fleeing the Asian mess freed the RBA to allow the cash rate to fall to 4.75% without having to worry about the impact on the CAD.
The RBA's acceptance of the depreciation of the Australian dollar by almost a quarter allowed boosted internal demand to sustain growth, despite the shrinkage of important Asian export markets.
By contrast New Zealand policymakers initially tried to defend their dollar by raising interest rates, producing a recession in 1998.
A similar tactic allowed the Australian economy to weather the 2000-01 global downturn, during which the RBA cut the cash rate from 6% to 4.25%. Then, when the speculative bubble in housing looked like getting out of control in 2002-03, rates were raised.
So, by reducing the need to worry about the CAD, the “reforms” have helped sustain the boom. But the Australian CAD, while not imposing any speed limit in the simple sense, still remains a critical point of vulnerability. Preventing foreign capital from exiting the economy means not upsetting corporate confidence — all policy must be directed to that end.
But is it all enough to guarantee that Australia will ride out the next financial tsunami or global recession as buoyantly as in 1997 and 2001?
[Dick Nichols is the managing editor of Seeing Red. For sources used in this article email <dicknichols@greenleft.org.au>.]
From Green Left Weekly, June 14, 2006.
Visit the Green Left Weekly home page.
Source: [[Green Left - Issues: Australia in the world economy: shock-proof or just plain lucky?|http://www.greenleft.org.au/2006/671/6465]]
17 November 1993
Dick Nichols
The first article in this series, printed in GLW #671, looked at how much the bipartisan recipe of neoliberal “economic rationalism” has been responsible for Australia's 15 years of economic growth, noting its successes in making the country an attractive “investment opportunity” for overseas capital and so allowing its economy to grow faster.
How vulnerable though is the “flexible and competitive” Australian economy to any explosion of the tensions building up in the world capitalist economy? These “global imbalances” are most obviously reflected in the headlong growth of the indebtedness of the US — the world's largest national economy, which is also the world’s largest debtor nation.
What created the huge US external debt is examined in this article. Further articles in this series will assess the debate over how dangerous a threat it poses and how the fallout from a severe increase in the US current account deficit (CAD) might affect the world economy and Australia within it.
In the last quarter of 2005 — for only the sixth time since 1960 — US investments abroad delivered less income to their owners than did the assets of foreign investors in the US. For the whole year, this “net income balance” was in the black by only US$1.6 billion, a fall from $30.4 billion in 2004 and not a good profit result for the world's preeminent imperialist power.
The net income balance forms part of the current account side of the overall balance of payments, whose main component is the balance on trade in goods and services. Here the US has continued to rack up enormous deficits — $723.6 billion in 2005. With other payments abroad added in, such as grants to client states like Israel and for occupied Iraq's “reconstruction”, the total US CAD reached a record $804.9 billion last year — 6.4% of US gross domestic product and more than Australia's GDP.
Like any excess of national spending over national income, this CAD had to be funded, either by borrowing abroad and/or by running down official reserves of foreign exchange and gold.
In 2005, net capital inflows into the US were $801 billion ($1.293 trillion in gross foreign inflows into the US minus $492 billion in gross US investment abroad).
Foreign capital inflows
Up until the 2001 recession, private capital looking for gain in the US “new economy” boom prevailed within this inflow. Since then an increasingly important component has been the purchase by Asian central banks, particularly those of China and Japan, of US public and commercial debt to limit their countries' exchange rates from appreciating against the US dollar. This component has risen to over 40% of total inflows, $718 billion between 2002 and 2004. Financial Times analyst Martin Wolf has called this “the largest 'foreign aid' program in history”.
In the balance of payments, capital inflows are registered by the capital and financial account. The overall balance of payments is equal to the current account balance plus the capital and financial account balance. It is equal to zero when the demand for and supply of foreign exchange is equated via movements in the exchange rate and/or official foreign exchange reserves.
The torrent of capital inflows to the US has led the dollar to appreciate 33.5% against the currencies of the countries with which the US most trades — its “trade-weighted index” — between the second quarter of 1995 and the first quarter of 2002. It then fell by 11.9% to the end of 2005.
Twenty-five years of CADs have converted the US from a creditor economy, with net foreign assets worth 7.2% of GDP in 1982, to a debtor economy with net foreign liabilities worth 25.1% of GDP in 2005. The US deficit now soaks up 67% of world current account surpluses. Just holding the US CAD at its current level of 6% of GDP would see US net foreign liabilities double to 50% of GDP by 2010.
Calculations of how large the US CAD will be by 2010, if policies and exchange rates remain unchanged, range between 8% and 12% of GDP. While no observer believes that this scenario will ever eventuate, the timing and impact of any eventual CAD “adjustment” is very difficult to predict.
There is no consensus among analysts. Debate about if and when the US CAD will “blow” sounds like nothing so much as seismologists discussing the location, timing and destructive potential of the next earthquake. Through their economic modelling and investigations of past experiences of CAD reversals, economic analysts have come up with a wide set of scenarios and policy recommendations. These range from “leave well alone” to “panic now”. Why?
Partly, this is because of the nature of the balance of payments accounting categories themselves. These register various economic variables — income flows in and out of a national economy, the degree to which it lends savings to, or borrows them from, other economies to fund domestic investment, and the balance between total national income and expenditure. But they say nothing about how these variables interrelate in real economic life, nor about the underlying economic forces moulding them.
Has the increase in the US CAD mainly been driven from outside the US economy by the ever-increasing inflows of foreign surpluses invested in US assets (stressed by Federal Reserve chairperson Ben Bernanke in his theory of a global “savings glut” being responsible for historically low world interest rates)? Or is the root problem the widening gap within the US between the rate of investment and the overall rate of savings, slashed by a combination of President George Bush's tax cuts and the credit splurge brought on in 2001-02 by ultra-low interest rates? Or have these separate forces impacted differently at different times?
There's a rough consensus that the immediate drivers of the US external deficit are an overvalued dollar making US exports uncompetitive and imports cheap and the relatively faster rate of growth (and hence of demand for imports) in the US compared to Europe and Japan. But while US monetary policy has certainly added to the CAD, has it basically been “made in the USA”?
East Asian surpluses
Another major factor has surely been the vast current account surpluses accumulated by east Asian economies with an export-led development strategy. In the case of China, there's the imperative need to maintain rapid economic growth to provide urban jobs for the tens of millions leaving the countryside each year. Critical here has been the rough peg of the yuan to the US dollar: this arrangement guarantees Chinese export competitiveness in US markets and has underpinned China's vast current account surplus (9.8% of GDP in 2004). This has partly been recycled into US government and commercial debt to the extent necessary to maintain the peg.
The upshot of this policy is that more than $2 trillion — half the world's total foreign currency reserves — have accumulated within the east Asian region in just the past four years. In January, China’s central bank reported that China was on track this year to exceed $1 trillion in foreign exchange reserves. This would elevate China to the biggest holder of foreign currency, eclipsing Japan, which has $847 billion. At the end of April, Taiwan was the third largest holder of foreign currency reserves — $275 billion. South Korea, with $217 billion, was eclipsed that month by Russia, whose earnings from huge oil and gas exports pushed its foreign currency reserves to $225 billion.
At the same time, by maintaining a closely managed link to the US dollar the east Asian economies have been creating a de facto monetary zone (the embryo of an “Asian euro”), attracting foreign investment and reducing the pressure on their finance and banking systems.
But more savings than can be used in domestic investment are being generated elsewhere. Oil and gas exporting countries and even most of Latin America have become part of the “surplus club”, with the result that between 1996 and 2004 the aggregate current accounts of all “emerging economies” with a surplus grew by $421 billion. The increase in the US CAD over the same period was $541 billion.
Yet these figures are dwarfed by the corporate surpluses that have accumulated in the imperialist heartlands. In the G7 countries (Britain, Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan and the US) in 2003-04 alone “excess savings” (undistributed profits less spending on capital) reached $1.3 trillion.
Within the US, the CAD would have been even bigger without this boost from the retained earnings of US corporations.
A strong contribution to inflows into the US also continues to come from foreign corporations, which are both pursuing a strategy of expansion through acquiring assets in the US, as well as parking part of their loot in “safe haven” US government debt (preferable to European or Japanese debt because of higher US interest rates).
Debate continues about the relative importance of the various factors driving the US CAD, but it is clearly a joint creation of relatively high rates of saving (i.e., low rates of consumption and investment) in the rest of the world economy, the specific export-driven development strategy of the east Asian economies, as well as of Washington’s decision to fight the 2001 post-bubble downturn with very easy monetary and fiscal policy.
Can this CAD be gradually unwound by a gradual devaluation of the US dollar? Or is the US economy headed towards a CAD crisis, a loss of confidence in the dollar and a savage devaluation with unimaginable impact on the world economy? That debate will be the subject of the next article in this series.
[Dick Nichols is the managing editor of Seeing Red. For sources used in this article email <dicknichols@greenleft.org.au>.]
From Green Left Weekly, June 21 2006.
Visit the Green Left Weekly home page.
Source: [[Green Left - Issues: Australia's economy and the US debt mountain|http://www.greenleft.org.au/2006/672/6434]]
Behemoth poised to tighten nationwide grip
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By Scott Rochfort
March 14, 2006
AdvertisementAdvertisement
ABC LEARNING is to tighten its dominance of the Australian child-care industry today, with the group expected to announce a $75 million-plus takeover of Kids Campus.
The deal could help ABC boost its number of Australian and New Zealand child-care centres to 1000 this year, more than one-quarter of the nation's total.
Speculation of the deal intensified yesterday when trading in ABC and Kids Campus shares was halted pending an announcement by the two companies.
The chief executive of ABC, Eddy Groves, was unavailable to comment on the speculation. If it is right his company could snap up more than 100 child-care centres owned by Kids Campus.
In a recent presentation to sharemarket investors Mr Groves said ABC was on target to increase the number of its centres in Australia and New Zealand from 660 in the middle of last year to 850 by the end of June. The company has more than tripled the number of its centres in three years.
It has snapped up three rival sharemarket-listed child-care operators since late-2003, and in November last year spent $218 million buying the third-largest operator in the US, the Learning Care Group.
The company has also bought a handful of privately owned child-care companies, including the Sydney-based Universal Childcare, for $18 million, in October. The stake of Mr Groves and his wife, Le Neve, in ABC is now valued at $350 million.
The chairman of Kids Campus, John Murphy, declined to confirm speculation his company was in talks with ABC.
The Association of Community Based Children's Services has raised alarm over the potential deal.
The association's chairwoman, Lynne Wannan, said it would result in more child-care operators having a stronger motive to make profits and please shareholders, rather than provide quality child care.
"It is very difficult to have commercial enterprises like that in the community sector because the drivers are all wrong."
Source: [[Behemoth poised to tighten nationwide grip - National - smh.com.au|http://www.smh.com.au/news/national/behemoth-poised-to-tighten-nationwide-grip/2006/03/13/1142098404572.html]]
Behind the petrol price jump
1 December 2004
Eva Cheng
World crude oil prices have shot up by 70% in the last year, with little sign of them coming down substantially soon. In Australia, petrol prices seem to have settled above $1 per litre, a level hard to believe even just a year ago.
If oil prices don’t fall markedly, the hesitant world economic recovery will be undermined, consumer prices and interest rates will rise, and more jobs will go. Worse, another Third World debt crisis might be just around the corner, with banks from the advanced capitalist countries among its first casualties.
In April, following an earlier rush of crude prices to above US$40 per barrel, the International Energy Agency (IEA) did a detailed simulation projection, with help from the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development and the International Monetary Fund, of the impact on the world economy if crude prices rose in a sustained way from US$25 to US$35 a barrel. The IEA study concludes that such a rise would drag the global gross domestic product down by 0.5% — or a net loss of US$255 billion — in the first year alone.
The “oil price” adopted by the IEA is an average of its 26 member countries’. The US crude oil benchmark, the West Texas Intermediate (WTI), is the most dominant price measure and is most often quoted in news reports.
The WTI hovered around US$30 in the second half of 2003. By October 22, however, it had gone as high as US$56.3. It has since eased to below US$50, however, the damage to the world economy of such a sustained big rise has far exceeded the scale envisaged by the IEA study. On October 25, Associated Press estimated that the world would have footed an extra oil bill of US$295 billion this year compared to 2003.
Another Third World debt crisis?
Such damage is not evenly spread, hitting the Third World much harder. Under the IEA scenario of a US$10 rise, the euro zone’s GDP would drop by 0.5%, the US by 0.3% and Japan by 0.4%. Asia’s GDP loss would average 0.8% (1% for India, 1.6% for the Philippines and 1.8% for Thailand) and the Sub-Saharan African countries exceed 3%.
On October 12, the World Bank’s chief economist, Francois Bourguignon, said that the oil price rises have already hurt poor countries’ “welfare” by 2-5%. To “absorb the shock”, said Bourguignon, oil-importing countries have been paying for the oil from their foreign exchange reserves, and then not topping up the reserves. He added that these reserves have already been depleted by up to 33%.
Many Third World countries’ foreign exchange reserves have already been depleted in order to service the enormous debts they have incurred as a consequence of their economic dependance. This opens the way for another round of defaulting in Third World debt repayment if the oil price hike drags on. Africa alone owes US$305 billion in foreign debt.
A number of factors are at play, including escalating uncertainties in Venezuelan supplies since the counter-revolutionary coup in April 2002; the stubborn resistance to the US occupation of Iraq, which threatens Iraqi oil pipelines; recent oil workers’ strikes in Nigeria and Norway; hurricanes’ devastation of US oil production and refineries in the Gulf of Mexico since September; uncertainties over the supplies from Russian oil giant Yukos; and China’s oil demand growth, forecast to be nearly 16% this year compared to the world’s average of 3.3%.
Monopoly
But it is not just these conjunctural factors at work. A typical trick in a monopolised industry is for capitalists to limit their own production capacity in order to squeeze up prices for the consequently scare product.
The heavy investments involved in oil exploration and production (upstream activities), down to refinery of crude into various fuel and other products (downstream), make the oil industry an easy target for monopoly domination.
The wave of nationalisation in oil production in the Third World since the 1960s and the rise of the Organisation of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) as a unified bargaining tool has reduced the control of the huge oil companies over the industry in a significant part of the world. Nevertheless, by monopolising new technology and using its market dominance, Big Oil retains crucial control over the pump price.
US Senator Carl Levin’s statement to the US Senate on April 30, 2002, gives a rare glimpse on how major oil companies manipulate petroleum prices.
Levin stated: “During the spring of 2000, three major refiners determined it wasn’t in their economic self interest to produce any more RFG [reformulated gas/petrol] than that required to meet the demands… so in that year they produced 23% less RFG… That contributed to the short supply in the spot market for RFG, contributing to the price spike in spring 2000. While Marathon [a major US oil firm] did have surplus RFG, it withheld some of it from the market so as to not lower prices.
“In the summer of 2001, major refiners deliberately reduced gasoline [petrol] production, even in the face of unusually high demand… contributing significantly to the price spike of 2001.
“… demand fell and inventories rose following [9/11]…prices fell. As a result, refining profits fell and refiners cut back on production in order to obtain higher profits. Along with the increase in the price of crude oil and market speculation, these reductions in production and the increase in industry concentration significantly contributed to the run-up in price…
“Internal documents from several oil companies confirm that the oil companies view it to be in their economic interest to keep gas inventories low and the supply and demand balance tight.” Levin backed his assertion with a long list of internal documents from major oil companies.
A similar investigation by US Senator Ron Wyden presented in the US Senate on June 14, 2001, gave different evidence but drew the same conclusion about Big Oil’s ruthless profiteering. And according to an April 8 report of the US Congressional Research Service on petrol prices, no new refinery has been built in the US in the last 25 years.
This capacity-limiting strategy is not limited to the US. Quoting the IEA, the November 3 Washington Post reported that “international oil companies and countries’ national oil companies need to invest about $200 billion a year to keep up with demand but are falling 15 percent to 17 percent short”.
Oil majors have made clear they will only invest in new projects that will meet their profit targets, no matter how high oil prices may get.
Speculation
This capacity-limiting strategy has worsened capitalism’s problem of excess capital — that is, capital that can’t find a productive outlet, but is used for speculation. The amount of excess capital is responsible for the continuous formation of speculative “bubbles”, where excessive investment pushes the price of an asset above what its future earnings would justify.
The IT/telecom sector was the medium of such a bubble in the second half of the 1990s. It burst in early 2000. A housing/property bubble soon followed, practically worldwide. Oil is the latest “star”.
On October 5, the Associated Press quoted Fadel Gheit, a senior vice president in oil and gas research at the New York-based Oppenheimer & Co, as saying that “oil has become the only game in town… Every other [speculative] investment vehicle has disappointed over the last 12 months”.
Is the recent oil price hike also driven by a fundamental shortage of oil supply? Not in recent months. According to OPEC’s October “Monthly Oil Market Report”, while the world oil demand has increased from 79.17 million barrels per day (mb/d) in 2003 to 81.45 mb/d in the third quarter this year, OPEC has managed to provide a net surplus supply (in addition to oil provided by non-OPEC sources). OPEC oil is currently meeting about 40% of world demand.
Yet OPEC’s oil is not the most desired lately. It requires more intensive refining processes than the “lighter” or “sweeter” varieties that are in shorter supply, mostly because refineries have not activated or installed the capacity to create them. As a result, sweet crude has been most speculated about and its prices shot up.
Profiteering
Big Oil’s profiteering, assisted by speculation, is the most decisive reason for the recent oil price hike. While oil prices rose most sharply during the third quarter, British Petroleum’s profits leapt 43% to US$3.94 billion, Shell made US$4.4 billion, ExxonMobil US$5.7 billion and ConocoPhilips US$2 billion. The world’s top five oil firms made combined profits of US$53 billion in 2003.
The share price of ExxonMobil, the largest integrated oil company, jumped 30% in the year to October while that of Schlumberger, a key oilfield service provider, shot up 37%. Over the same period, Dow Jones Industrial average (a measure of the top US shares) climbed only 2%.
From Green Left Weekly, December 1, 2004.
Visit the Green Left Weekly home page.
Source: [[Green Left - Issues: Behind the petrol price jump|http://www.greenleft.org.au/2004/608/31299]]
<html><h4 style="text-align: left;">Cycling Groups </h4><p style="text-align: left;"><a href="http://www.bikeqld.org.au/">BikeQld Wiki</a></p><p style="text-align: left;"><a href="http://www.bikeqld.org.au/mailman/listinfo/bikeqld/">BikeQld Mailing List</a></p><p style="text-align: left;"><a href="http://www.bikely.com/">Bikely - Find Bike Routes</a></p><p style="text-align: left;"><a href="http://qutbug.googlepages.com">QUT Bicycle Users Group</a></p><p style="text-align: left;"><a href="http://riparianbug.googlepages.com/">Riparian Plaza Bicycle Users Group</a> </p><p style="text-align: left;"><a href="http://www.bq.org.au/">Bicycle Queensland</a></p><p style="text-align: left;"><a href="http://www.bicycles.net.au">Bicycles Network Australia</a><br></p><p style="text-align: left;"><a href="http://www.rideabike.com.au/">Ride A Bike</a></p><p style="text-align: left;"><a href="http://www.cyclingpromotion.com.au/">Cycling Promotion Fund</a></p><p style="text-align: left;"><a href="http://www.bfa.asn.au/">Bicycle Federation of Australia</a></p><div style="text-align: left;"><br></div><h4 style="text-align: left;">Reference Material </h4><p style="text-align: left;"><a href="http://www.cyclingpromotion.com.au/"><b>Cycling Promotion Fund</b></a></p><p style="text-align: left;"><a href="http://www.cyclingpromotion.com.au/content/category/3/35/147/">Fact Sheets - Issues</a></p><p style="text-align: left;"><a href="http://www.cyclingpromotion.com.au/content/category/3/7/146/">Fact Sheets - General</a></p><p style="text-align: left;"><a href="http://www.cyclingpromotion.com.au/content/category/3/37/150/">Fact Sheets - FAQ</a><b><br></b></p><p style="text-align: left;"><a href="http://www.ourbrisbane.com"><b>OurBrisbane.com</b></a></p><p style="text-align: left;"><a href="http://www.ourbrisbane.com/activeandhealthy/recreation/cycling">Cycling in Brisbane</a></p><p style="text-align: left;"><a href="http://www.brisbane.qld.gov.au"><b>Brisbane City Council</b></a></p><p style="text-align: left;"><a href="http://www.brisbane.qld.gov.au/BCC:STANDARD:405979377:pc=PC_934">Brisbane Bikeways</a></p><p style="text-align: left;"><a href="http://www.brisbane.qld.gov.au/BCC:STANDARD:399280590:pc=PC_73">Brisbane Transport Plan</a></p><p style="text-align: left;"><a href="http://www.brisbane.qld.gov.au/BCC:BASE:895427314:pc=PC_2307">Walking & Cycling Plan</a></p><p style="text-align: left;"><a href="http://www.brisbane.qld.gov.au/BCC:STANDARD:1949876943:pc=PC_1860">City Center Masterplan</a></p><p style="text-align: left;"><a href="http://www.transport.qld.gov.au"><b>Queensland Transport</b></a></p><p style="text-align: left;"><a href="http://www.transport.qld.gov.au/Home/General_information/Cycling/Strategy/">Qld Cycle Strategy</a></p><p style="text-align: left;"><a href="http://www.transport.qld.gov.au/cycling">QT Cycling Page</a></p><p style="text-align: left;"><a href="http://www.transport.qld.gov.au/Home/Projects_and_initiatives/Plans/Integrated_transport_plans/Integrated_regional_cycle_network_plan/">IRCNP - Maps</a></p><p style="text-align: left;"><a href="http://www.austroads.com.au/abc/"><b>Aust. Bicycle Council</b></a></p><p style="text-align: left;"><a href="http://www.cyclingresourcecentre.org.au">Cycling Resource Centre</a> </p><p style="text-align: left;"><a href="http://www.austroads.com.au/abc/">ABC Publications</a></p><p style="text-align: left;"><br></p><p style="text-align: left;"><br><script type="text/javascript">
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Brisbane's bus-stop blues
Article from: The Courier-Mail
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By Emma Chalmers
December 05, 2007 11:00pm
MORE than 100 buses each week are too full to stop for extra passengers and the problem is getting worse as Brisbane's population grows.
Last month, more than 500 Brisbane City Council buses were forced to drive past waiting passengers because they were too full to take on more commuters.
That is a 46 per cent increase on bus-full figures from November last year, when there were 351 full services.
Have a transport nightmare of your own? Tell us about it
Overcrowding problems escalated dramatically in April when a whopping 1749 services were so full they left passengers stranded and, while the numbers have reduced since then, overcrowding is worse now than it was a year ago.
Since February this year, more than 7700 buses have been too full to stop for more passengers, well ahead of the 5900 full buses recorded over the same period in 2006.
Some of the worst-affected services last month were the high-frequency BUZ routes.
The 130 BUZ service from Parkinson to the City was the most overcrowded bus route last month, with 61 buses too full to take on more commuters.
Route 333 (Chermside to the Cultural Centre) recorded 26 full buses and service 200 (Carindale to the City) had 42 full buses.
Commuters travelling from Bardon to Stafford via Fortitude Valley on the 375 service were left behind on 20 occasions last month and a similar number of overcrowded buses were reported on the 199 Teneriffe to Dutton Park service.
In the course of its transport survey, The Courier-Mail was unable to board several bus services because they were simply too full.
In one instance, The Courier-Mail was turned away by four overcrowded services on the southeast busway in the space of 15 minutes.
Mid last year Brisbane City Council received the results of a damning report by independent consultant Peter Forster, who warned commuters were developing "bus-stop rage" as overloaded buses, ferries and trains left without them.
The report called for another 50 buses to be added to the fleet before July this year in order to fix the growing problem.
Brisbane City Council will this year spend at least $62 million to put 94 rigid buses and 21 articulated or "banana" buses on the road by July next year.
Labor and Liberal councillors yesterday blamed each other for the continuing bus overcrowding problems.
Labor's public transport chairwoman Victoria Newton said she was delivering double the number of new buses this year than first proposed by the Liberals.
However Liberal transport spokesman Graham Quirk said the bus-full figures had dramatically worsened since Cr Newton took over the job last year.
Lord Mayor Campbell Newman has promised 110 new buses will be added to the fleet next year, while Labor's lord mayoral candidate has pledged 120 extra buses.
Source: [[Brisbane's bus-stop blues : The Courier-Mail|http://www.news.com.au/couriermail/story/0,23739,22876701-3102,00.html]]
Brisbane's tram system
Brisbane established its first horse tram in 1885. It's a hilly city, so this must have been tough for horses. Electric operation was introduced in 1897 with some imported trams, but local construction soon began. From 1907, single truck ten-bench trams were introduced, and in 1908, the two bogie dreadnought commenced service.
In 1923 the tramways were brought under one management, the Brisbane Tramways Trust, but two years later, the Brisbane City Council took over. It immediately set about modernising the fleet. The dropcentre tram appeared that year, and in 1938 the new streamlined FM was introduced.
By 1952, the network had expanded to 109 route kilometres (199 km of track). Ten years later, Brisbane trams were still going strong, despite the fact that trams had disappeared from many other Australian cities, and in spite of being under the control of a fiercely anti-tram Lord Mayor. Mayor Clem Jones, a member of the Labor Party, had views on public transport which were directly opposite to most in his party. He was quoted as saying that his ideal was for the working man to be driving his own car, not catching a tram.
But disaster struck. On 28-Sep-1962 Paddington tram depot just happened to catch fire, and burnt to the ground, destroying 65 trams. Old Dreadnought trams were pressed into service, and 8 replacement (Phoenix) trams were built, but Jones began to close lines almost immediately. Final closure came in April 1969.
One of those "Alice Through the Looking Glass" experiences that one often has when looking at Queensland politics has come again. The former National Party (conservative) State Government portrayed itself as pro-public transport, and the (then) opposition Labor Party as anti-PT (a la Clem Jones, 30 years ago), a claim which has a credibility problem anywhere else in the country. It proposed a new tram system for Brisbane, BrizTram, as an election stunt, but few people outside Queensland expected that it would ever be built afterwards (and perhaps few in Queensland either). But that government did not survive the election, and the new Labor Government has killed off the proposal. The Nationals can still claim that they are pro-public transport (since they did not have to follow through), and that Labor is anti- etc. etc. Everyone is happy. But there are no trams.
Source: [[Brisbane's trams|http://www.railpage.org.au/tram/brisbane.html]]
<html><span style="font-size: 13px;"><a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/bre/sets/72157600351827235/show/"><b>View as slideshow</b></a>
(<a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/bre/sets/72157600351827235/show/" onclick="return pop_show(this);" title="open in a new window"><img src="http://l.yimg.com/www.flickr.com/images/icon_new_window.gif" style="border: medium none ;" alt="open in a new window" height="10" width="13"></a>)<br><br><br></span><h1>Videos <span>/ <em class="subject">Build a Single Speed Bike - Make: Video Podcast</em></span></h1>
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<param name="movie" value="http://youtube.com/v/01TPK7ChLmA">
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<h2 class="subject">Build a Single Speed Bike - Make: Video Podcast</h2>
<div class="url"><a href="http://youtube.com/watch?v=01TPK7ChLmA">http://youtube.com/watch?v=01TPK7ChLmA</a></div>
<p class="description">Make
your bike into a single speed hipster bike! This week Dave Neff joins
me to take some old broken bikes and mash them up into a new radical
ride. Everbody's experience will be different, but we rebuilt the
bottom bracket, put new wheels on, chopped and flipped the handlebars,
took off one of </p></div><br></html>
<html><h2>Build a Single Speed Bike - Make: PDFcast</h2>
<p><img src="http://blog.makezine.com/bikepdf1.jpg" alt="Bikepdf1" border="1" height="375" hspace="4" vspace="4" width="295"></p>
<p>This week the Make: PDFcast is a <a href="http://cachefly.oreilly.com/make/wp_bike.pdf">comicbook pdf</a>
all about converting your old trashy bike into a snazzy single speed
bike. I went a little nuts making it up in Comic Life. There's lots of
good tips in this pdf, but honestly, your best bet is to just get some
tools and go to town on your bike. It's always more fun to do this with
more people. This weekend, get some friends together for a bike hacking
party.</p>
<p><img src="http://blog.makezine.com/biketools.jpg" alt="Biketools" border="1" height="375" hspace="4" vspace="4" width="295"></p>
<p>Here's a tool list that is pretty comprehensive. Not pictured here
is a freewheel removal tool, which you could also just go to a shop and
borrow or WD-40. Doh!</p>
<p>Download the pdf here! - <a href="http://cachefly.oreilly.com/make/wp_bike.pdf">Link</a></p>
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Posted by Bre Pettis |
Jun 15, 2007 10:00 AM </html>
Fashionable Dane - complete with red boots - boarding the Intercity train to Copenhagen.
On local and regional trains you don't have to lift your bike up stairs, you just roll them on and place them in the bike racks on board. But this is the fast intercity train. Built for speed.
Here's a cool article about Danish [and Dutch] bike culture:
Building a Better Bike Lane
Bike-friendly cities in Europe are launching a new attack on car culture. Can the U.S. catch up?
By NANCY KEATES
COPENHAGEN — No one wears bike helmets here. They’re afraid they’ll mess up their hair. “I have a big head and I would look silly,” Mayor Klaus Bondam says.
People bike while pregnant, carrying two cups of coffee, smoking, eating bananas. At the airport, there are parking spaces for bikes. In the emergency room at Frederiksberg Hospital on weekends, half the biking accidents are from people riding drunk. Doctors say the drunk riders tend to run into poles. Flat, compact and temperate, the Netherlands and Denmark have long been havens for bikers. In Amsterdam, 40% of commuters get to work by bike. In Copenhagen, more than a third of workers pedal to their offices. But as concern about global warming intensifies — the European Union is already under emissions caps and tougher restrictions are expected — the two cities are leading a fresh assault on car culture. A major thrust is a host of aggressive new measures designed to shift bike commuting into higher gear, including increased prison time for bike thieves and the construction of new parking facilities that can hold up to 10,000 bikes.
The rest of Europe is paying close attention. Officials from London, Munich and Zurich (plus a handful from the U.S.) have visited Amsterdam’s transportation department for advice on developing bicycle-friendly infrastructure and policies. Norway aims to raise bicycle traffic to at least 8% of all travel by 2015 — double its current level — while Sweden hopes to move from 12% to 16% by 2010. This summer, Paris will put thousands of low-cost rental bikes throughout the city to cut traffic, reduce pollution and improve parking.
The city of Copenhagen plans to double its spending on biking infrastructure over the next three years, and Denmark is about to unveil a plan to increase spending on bike lanes on 2,000 kilometers, or 1,240 miles, of roads. Amsterdam is undertaking an ambitious capital-improvement program that includes building a 10,000-bike parking garage at the main train station — construction is expected to start by the end of next year. The city is also trying to boost public transportation usage, and plans to soon enforce stricter car-parking fines and increase parking fees to discourage people from driving.
Worried that immigrants might push car use up, both cities have started training programs to teach non-natives how to ride bikes and are stepping up bike training of children in schools. There are bike-only bridges under consideration and efforts to make intersections more rider-friendly by putting in special mirrors.
The policy goal is to have bicycle trips replace many short car trips, which account for 6% of total emissions from cars, according to a document adopted last month by the European Economic and Social Committee, an organization of transportation ministers from EU member countries. Another report published this year by the Dutch Cyclists’ Association found that if all trips shorter than 7.5 kilometers in the Netherlands currently made by car were by bicycle, the country would reduce its carbon-dioxide emissions by 2.4 million tons. That’s about one-eighth of the amount of emissions it would need to reduce to meet the Kyoto Protocol.
Officials from some American cities have made pilgrimages to Amsterdam. But in the U.S., bike commuters face more challenges, including strong opposition from some small businesses, car owners and parking-garage owners to any proposals to remove parking, shrink driving lanes or reduce speed limits. Some argue that limiting car usage would hurt business. “We haven’t made the tough decisions yet,” says Sam Adams, city commissioner of Portland, Ore., who visited Amsterdam in 2005. There has been some movement. Last month, New York Mayor Michael Bloomberg announced a proposal to add a congestion charge on cars and increase the number of bicycle paths in the city. It would also require commercial buildings to have indoor parking facilities for bikes.
Even in Amsterdam, not everyone is pro-biking. Higher-end shops have already moved out of the city center because of measures to decrease car traffic, says Geert-Pieter Wagenmakers, an adviser to Amsterdam’s Chamber of Commerce, and now shops in the outer ring of the city are vulnerable. Bikes parked all over the sidewalk are bad for business, he adds.
Still, the new measures in Amsterdam and Copenhagen add to an infrastructure that has already made biking an integral part of life. People haul groceries in saddle bags or on handlebars and tote their children in multiple bike seats. Companies have indoor bike parking, changing rooms and on-site bikes for employees to take to meetings. Subways have bike cars and ramps next to the stairs.
Riding a bike for some has more cachet than driving a Porsche. Dutch Prime Minister Jan Peter Balkenende sometimes rides to work, as do lawyers, CEOs (Lars Rebien Sorensen, chief executive of Danish pharmaceutical giant Novo Nordisk, is famous for his on-bike persona) and members of parliament, often with empty children’s seats in back. Dutch Prince Maurits van Oranje is often seen riding around town. “It’s a good way to keep in touch with people on the streets,” says Tjeerd Herrema, deputy mayor of Amsterdam. Mr. Herrema’s car and driver still make the trip sometimes — to chauffeur his bag when he has too much work to carry.
Jolanda Engelhamp let her husband keep her car when they split up a few years ago because it was becoming too expensive to park. Now the 47-year-old takes her second-grade son to school on the back of her bike. (It’s a half-hour ride from home.) Outside the school in Amsterdam, harried moms drop off children, checking backpacks and coats; men in suits pull up, with children’s seats in back, steering while talking on their cellphones. It’s a typical drop-off scene, only without cars.
For Khilma van der Klugt, a 38-year-old bookkeeper, biking is more about health and convenience than concern for the environment. Her two older children ride their own bikes on the 25-minute commute to school while she ferries the four-year-old twins in a big box attached to the front of her bike. Biking gives her children exercise and fresh air in the morning, which helps them concentrate, she says. “It gets all their energy out.” She owns a car, but she only uses it when the weather is really bad or she’s feeling especially lazy.
Caroline Vonk, a 38-year-old government official, leaves home by bike at 8 a.m. and drops off her two children at a day-care center. By 8:15, she’s on her way to work, stopping to drop clothes at the dry cleaner or to buy some rolls for lunch. On the way home, she makes a quick stop at a shop, picks up the children and is home by 5:55. “It is a pleasant way to clear my head,” she says.
Teaching Newcomers
The programs for non-natives target those who view biking as a lower form of transportation than cars. “If they don’t start cycling it will hurt,” says Marjolein de Lange, who heads Amsterdam’s pro-bicycle union Fietsersbond and has worked with local councils to set up classes for immigrant women.
Bikes at the Amsterdam train station. Construction there begins soon on a 10,000-bike garage.
On a recent Sunday afternoon, 23 women — many in head-scarves — gathered at a recreational center north of Amsterdam to follow seven Fietsersbond volunteers to learn to navigate through traffic. The three-hour event cost €3 (about $4) and included practice weaving in and out of orange cones and over blocks of wood. It ended with all of the women gathering in a park for cake and lemonade.
Though she faltered at times, Rosie Soemer, a 36-year-old mother of two who came to the Netherlands from Suriname, was sold. “It is so much easier to go everywhere by bike,” she says. Learning to ride was her husband’s idea: He bought her a bicycle for her birthday a few months earlier and has been spending his lunch hour teaching her in a park. “It helps me if she can get around better,” says her husband, Sam Soemer. “And it’s safer than a car.”
Amsterdam and Copenhagen are generally safer for bikers than the U.S. because high car taxes and gasoline prices tend to keep sport-utility vehicles off the road. In Denmark, the tax for buying a new car is as high as 180%. Drivers must be over 18 to get a license, and the tests are so hard that most people fail the first few times. Both cities have worked to train truck drivers to look out for bikers when they turn right at intersections, and changed mirrors on vehicles and at traffic corners so they’re positioned for viewing cyclists.
As bike lanes become more crowded, new measures have been added to address bike safety. A recent survey found that people in Denmark felt less safe biking, though the risk of getting killed in a bike accident there has fallen by almost half. (The number of bicyclists killed fell to 31 in 2006 from 53 in 2004, and the number seriously injured dropped to 567 from 726 in that period.) According to one emergency room’s statistics, the primary reason for accidents is people being hit by car doors opening; second is cars making right-hand turns and hitting bikers at intersections; third is bike-on-bike crashes. Bike-riding police officers now routinely fine cyclists in Amsterdam who don’t have lights at night.
Parking for 10,000
Amsterdam is also working to improve the lack of parking. The city built five bike-parking garages over the past five years and plans a new one every year, including one with 10,000 spaces at the central railroad station. (While there’s room for 2,000 bikes now, there are often close to 4,000 bikes there.) But even garages aren’t enough. Bikers usually want to park right outside wherever they’re going — they don’t like parking and walking.
Combating theft is an important plank in developing a bike-friendly culture. In 2003, the city created the Amsterdam Bicycle Recovery Center, a large warehouse where illegally parked bikes are taken. (Its acronym in Dutch is AFAC.) Every bike that goes through AFAC is first checked against a list of stolen bikes. After three months, unclaimed models are registered, engraved with a serial number and sold to a second-hand shop. At any one time, the center has about 6,000 bikes neatly arranged by day of confiscation, out of an estimated total of 600,000 bikes in the city.
How AFAC will encourage bike riding in Amsterdam is a somewhat perverse logic, because it means some 200 bikes are confiscated by city officials a day compared to a handful before it existed. The thinking is that the more bikes that are confiscated, the more bikes can be registered and the better the government can trace stolen bikes. The less nervous people are that their bikes will be stolen, the more likely they are to ride. “Is your bike gone? Check AFAC first,” is the center’s slogan.
Remco Keyzer did just that on a recent Monday morning. The music teacher had parked his bike outside the central station before heading to a class and returned to find it gone. “I can be mad, but that really wouldn’t help me,” he says. Sometimes people ride away without paying the required fee. Bruno Brand, who helps people find their bikes at AFAC, says people get mad, but he explains it is the local police, not him, who confiscated the bike.
Within the past four years, the city increased the fine for buying or selling a bike in the street. Punishment for stealing a bike is now up to three months in jail.
Danish and Dutch officials say their countries might have been more congested if protests in the 1970s and 1980s had not sparked the impetus for building bicycle-lane networks. The arguments for more biking were mostly about health and congestion — only in the past year has the environment started to be a factor. Proponents of better infrastructure point to China as an example: In Beijing, where the economy has boomed, 30.3% of people commuted to work on bikes in 2005, down 8.2% from 2000, according to a survey by the Beijing Transportation Development Research Center and Beijing Municipal Committee of Communication.
Now, the Dansk Cyklist Forbund, the Danish Cyclist’s Federation, says that to make progress it can’t be too confrontational and must recognize that many bikers also have cars. “Our goal is the right means of transportation for the right trips,” says director Jens Loft Rasmussen.
In comparison, the rules of the American road can take some adjustment, as Cheryl AndristPlourde has found when she visits her parents in Columbus, Ohio. Last summer, the Amsterdam resident enrolled her 8-year-old daughter in a camp close to her parents’ house. The plan was for her daughter, who biked to school every day back home, to walk to camp. But her daughter whined about the 10-minute walk — all the other kids drove, she said — and the streets were too busy for her to bike. By the third day, Ms. AndristPlourde was driving her daughter to the camp.
Source: [[The Copenhagen Bicycle Culture Blog [It's Cycleliciousness!]: Search results for utility bicycle|http://cycleliciousness.blogspot.com/search?q=utility+bicycle]]
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The Federal Government subsidises some of the costs of child care. For a summary of the available subsidies see the list below, you can access more detailed information by clicking the name of the subsidy you are interested in.
Child Care Benefit (CCB) - more details
* Paid as a lump sum at the end of the financial year or to the registered or approved child care provider as reduced fees throughout the year.
* Can be claimed for up to 24 hours of care per child per week, or up to 50 hours if the parent(s) are studying, working or looking for work.
* Payments are based on your family's annual income. To receive the maximum rate of CCB your family income must be less than $34,310 a year.
Grandparent Child Care Benefit (GCCB) - more details
* Financial assistance for grandparents who have the primary responsibility for raising a grandchild.
* Covers the full cost of fees for children in approved child care.
* Can be claimed for up to 50 hours of care per child per week. There is no requirement for the grandparents to be working, training or studying.
30% Child Care Tax Rebate (CCTR) - more details
* Covers 30 percent of your out-of-pocket expenses (total child care fees minus CCB) for approved child care.
* Paid directly into your bank account at the end of the year that the child care fees are paid.
* The maximum payment is $4,000 per child per year.
For more information on the subsidies described above visit the Family Assistance Office (FAO) website or call the FAO on 13 6150.
Source: [[Child care subsidies - an overview - CareforKids.com.au ®|http://www.careforkids.com.au/articlesv2/article.asp?ID=49]]
Childcare business spoonfed
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Stephen Lunn, Social affairs writer | February 28, 2008
ABC Learning Centre's decision to "jump with both feet" into the US childcare market had proved a significant problem for the provider, industry experts suggested yesterday.
Childcare policy expert Deborah Brennan said childcare businesses in Australia offered a stable income stream with hundreds of millions of dollars in government subsidies each year flowing directly to the owners rather than via parents, but the international experience was very different.
"They (ABC) depend on those government subsidies, and it's been the transition into the US market where they've really jumped in with both feet that's proven to be a problem," she said.
"In the US, some of the states have subsidies, but they are nowhere near the order of those in Australia. And in the UK there is a childcare tax credit, but it doesn't go direct to the service provider, it goes to the parent and has to make its way back to the provider, so that's a much less stable base of funding."
Professor Brennan, from the University of NSW's Social Policy Research Centre, said the US was also less consistent than the homegrown market when it came to childcare regulation, such as child-staff ratios, staff qualifications and building specifications.
"As in Australia, the regulations are very much state-based, but they range far more dramatically in the US," she said.
In June last year, ABC reported owning 1188 centres across Australia and New Zealand and 35 owned and 12 managed nurseries in Britain. In recent months it has expanded its interests in the US and now owns 1015 centres to become that country's second-biggest provider. While figures are hard to pin down, ABC's estimated control of the overall market in Australia ranges between 20 and 30 per cent across the board, and in some regions such as Victoria is understood to be even higher.
Ahead of last November's federal election, Labor offered a $1.5billion childcare policy, increasing the Child Care Tax rebate from 30 per cent to 50per cent of formal childcare costs to a new cap of $7500 a child.
Combined with the means-tested Childcare Benefit, some low-income families would have 85 per cent of childcare subsidised by government, Labor said. Even high-income earners would have about 66 per cent of their costs subsidised, much of it going straight to the provider.
"I've heard people say they've never seen a business like it ... government-subsidised, so an utterly reliable payer, and the price of the real estate going up and up, so it's a bit of a bonanza," Professor Brennan said.
But Lynne Wannan, convenor of the National Association of Community Childcare Centres, which represents 1100 not-for-profit centres, denied the business was a goldmine.
"When you have to conform with the quality requirements in Australia, our regulations, they're fairly strict and there really isn't a lot of money left over to make millions of dollars or to repay billions of loans, which they (ABC) have," she told ABC radio.
Longtime advocate on childcare issues Juliet Bourke said the Child Care Tax Rebate was seen as a great windfall for the childcare business, as their costs were effectively underwritten to the tune of 30 per cent, now at least 50 per cent under Labor's 2007 policy platform.
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Source: [[Childcare business spoonfed : The Australian|http://www.theaustralian.news.com.au/story/0,25197,23288077-20142,00.html]]
Childcare sector confident ABC Learning Centres will stay open
Posted 3 hours 23 minutes ago
The childcare sector is holding high hopes that the troubled ABC Learning Centres will not have to close it's doors. (File photo)
The childcare sector is holding high hopes that the troubled ABC Learning Centres will not have to close it's doors. (File photo) (AAP: Dave Hunt)
The community childcare sector doubts the share crisis involving the ABC Learning Centres will lead to its daycare doors closing in Australia.
ABC Learning Centres' share price has crashed, on fears about the company's debt and shares have been suspended from trade, as the company discusses the sale of part of the business.
Lynne Wannan from the Association of Community-Based Children's Services says it is still unclear how the situation will play out for families.
"I don't think that anyone can let the service system collapse because it's too huge, it's too enormous, there are too many families," she said.
"I'd be very surprised if suddenly doors closed or something like that."
The Federal Government is keeping watch over the childcare company and there are unconfirmed reports that US private equity firm Bain Capital Partners may be a possible buyer.
Federal Families Minister Jenny Macklin says childcare places must not be affected and Deputy Prime Minister Julia Gillard is watching developments closely.
"She is certainly on top of it," Ms Macklin said.
"We have to make sure that those childcare places are available. Families rely on them."
ABC Learning Centres founder Eddy Groves said childcare centres would not be affected, but it was revealed that he and his wife were forced to off-load shares during the tumble, due to margin lending arrangements.
The Groves' sold about $35 million worth of shares.
Source: [[Childcare sector confident ABC Learning Centres will stay open - ABC News (Australian Broadcasting Corporation)|http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2008/02/28/2174708.htm]]
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Growing up fast … Eddy Groves's ABC Learning plans to expand at the rate of four new child-care centres a week.
Growing up fast … Eddy Groves's ABC Learning plans to expand at the rate of four new child-care centres a week.
Photo: Robert Rough
AdvertisementAdvertisement
March 11, 2006
What happens when the Government throws $2 billion into child care? Meet Fast Eddy Groves, Australia's newest multimillionaire. Ben Hills reports.
ON A muggy summer morning in a quiet street not far from Clovelly Beach, children bounce on battered, foam-filled vinyl cubes, the smell of frying hamburgers fills the air and the sound of Twinkle, Twinkle Little Star wafts from a sunny day room.
The scene at the Clovelly Child Care Centre is one that is repeated at thousands of similar places around Australia every day of every working week as parents trudge off to work to pay the mortgage, leaving their children in the hands of carers. With two-thirds of mothers now working, demand is insatiable - Australia is short 100,000 places, a recent survey found.
The director of this centre is Maria Pender, a feisty campaigner for community centres such as Clovelly, a woman with close-cropped grey hair, a master's degree in education and little time for the large corporations which have muscled in on child care in recent years, turning a feelgood cottage industry into a stockmarket play.
The Clovelly centre, a red-brick building shaded with palm trees and sheltered behind a childproof fence, was built 21 years ago, one of hundreds of similar centres constructed across the country with joint federal and state funds, where parents could take their children for subsidised care. In the 1990s these subsidies were extended to privately owned centres, and then in 1997 the Howard Government stopped funding construction.
Since then centres such as Clovelly have been struggling to stay afloat. Almost overnight they lost their taxpayer-funded operating subsidy of $38,000 a year, and had to raise their fees. Twenty years ago, the centre charged $55 a week, says Pender. Today it's $55 a day for the 55 children who are two or over and $60 for those aged under two.
The centre still receives some money from the federal and state governments, but relies on "handyman dads" to help with maintenance. When it needed a "soft fall" mat of shredded rubber for the playground, the $9000 had to be raised at a trivia night. When they needed to expand, they took over and renovated "a decrepit scout hall" next door.
In spite of this, Pender says she has more than 400 parents on her waiting list. Yet this remains the only child-care centre in the suburb - the high cost of land, in an area where an ordinary suburban house can set you back $1 million, has deterred speculative private operators, although scarcely a month goes by without an opportunistic child-care centre broker dangling an offer under their noses.
Clovelly, sniffs Pender, is not for sale. Like most in community child care, she is convinced that private enterprise leads to increased prices and a fall in the quality of care, and places profit ahead of social obligations such as catering for children with disabilities or those aged under two, who are more expensive to look after. Big child-care companies, she says, cherry-pick affluent suburbs and ignore less well-off communities.
To see the new, corporate face of the child-care industry you have only to drive 10 minutes to the flash new twin-tower Westfield shopping centre at Bondi Junction. There, on the roof in a children's city of shops with such names as BonzaBrats, Esprit Kids and Treehouse "children's decor", is the latest acquisition by Australia's - and the world's - largest publicly listed child-care company, ABC Learning Centres Ltd.
Junction Juniors is so new that ABC's signage had not gone up yet and the 1800-number call centre in Brisbane, which handles enrolments nationwide, had never heard of it when the Herald rang last month. The acquisition was completed a month ago - one of 200 centres which ABC says it plans to build or take over this financial year, taking its total to 850 centres, close to a quarter of the Australian total.
An electronic security system guards the screened-off playground where children sink almost ankle-deep in spongy green artificial turf, the equipment is sparkling new and brightly coloured, soothing digital music is played through a laptop while half a dozen toddlers take their noon nap on custom-designed plastic stretchers. There are views over Sydney Harbour from the windows.
The mod cons come, of course, at a price - the daily rate for a four-year-old at this centre is $80. The good news is that - for now, at least - there are plenty of places. Junction Juniors opened in January and has dozens of vacancies - for those who can afford it.
The man behind ABC is a colourful Queensland businessman named Edmund Stuart Groves who favours aligator-skin boots, commutes by helicopter, drives a Ferrari and has impeccable Coalition connections.
Born in South Africa and resident on the Gold Coast, "Eddy" Groves was ranked No. 2 on BRW's list of the richest Australians aged under 40 last year, with an estimated wealth of $272 million.
As well as holding 14.5 per cent of ABC (with his wife and co-director Le Neve) Groves is a director of more than 40 other companies. He controls Quantum Foods, one of Queensland's largest milk distributors; he is a director of Bet Worldwide, which owns Canberra's online gaming venture Sports Acumen; and he is often seen courtside at Brisbane Bullets games, the erratic basketball team he owns.
But it is ABC which has catapulted Groves into wealth - and controversy.
He opened his first child-care centre in the Brisbane suburb of Ashgrove in 1989, when he was 22, and when he floated the company on the stock exchange in 2002 it was capitalised at $25 million. Fewer than four years later it is worth about $1.2 billion, the kind of growth that has not been seen since the dotcom bubble, and which earned Groves the nickname "Fast Eddy".
Hot on the heels of his success, six more child-care companies listed; however, three of them have since been swallowed by ABC, and the remaining three are struggling, with flagging share prices and industry speculation rife that Groves is planning another takeover. As well, last year Groves moved onto the international stage, buying the Learning Care Group from the babyfood giant Gerber, with 300 centres in the US and franchises in the Philippines, Hong Kong and Indonesia.
Groves has estimated that more than 70,000 children attend his Australian centres, one child in five of those in what is technically called "long day care". And he expects to continue expanding at the rate of four new centres a week through to 2008.
This dismays Lynne Wannan, the convener of the National Association of Community-Based Children's Services, who has recently returned from a tour of Canada campaigning to prevent an Australian-style "privatisation" of child-care services there.
The association formally objected to ABC's takeover of the rival Peppercorn group in 2004 to the Australian Competition and Consumer Commission, on the grounds that it would lead to regional monopolies. The commission allowed the takeover to go ahead after ABC gave undertakings to close some centres - it has shut or sold 60 - and not to buy any more in certain regional markets. Wannan says that in the past 15 years the number of privately run centres in Australia has risen from fewer than half the total to 70 per cent, with many community centres closing or being taken over.
"But instead of increased competition, lower prices and improved quality, the reverse has happened," she says. "It has led to a classic market failure."
According to an Australian Bureau of Statistics survey, the cost of child care rose 10 per cent last year, and is up 62 per cent in the past four years. Some Sydney centres are charging $100 a day. In a bid to forestall this, when he announced a backdating of the tax rebate in December 2004, the Treasurer, Peter Costello, warned operators not to exploit the subsidy by increasing fees. Six months later, ABC substantially increased its charges.
In a research paper late last year, Michael Messara, an analyst with finance house UBS, headlined ABC a "quality performer with legislated growth". By that, he meant the company had tapped into a rich seam of taxpayer funding which was underpinning its earnings with a government guarantee.
The Federal Government pays parents a means-tested subsidy for each child, ranging from $144 a week to $24.15 a week for parents earning more than $95,683. In addition, from July 1, 2004, there is a 30 per cent tax rebate on the balance of the cost of care, although parents have been upset by the fine print which caps the rebate at $4000 and postpones its payment for two years.
Messara has calculated that between 1990 and 2004, federal funding for child care has grown from $200 million a year to $1.5 billion, increasing at an annual rate of 14.4 per cent, or four times the annual economic growth rate. This year, with the first rebate payments, there will be close to $2 billion to be fought over by private corporations and community-based centres.
As Groves said in an interview with the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation last year: "You cannot help [but] to make some money."
A spokesman for ABC - Groves declined five requests for an interview over five weeks - confirmed the company received 44 per cent of its income from government subsidies: $128 million of its $292 million revenue last year.
Messara's calculations give investors an even juicier insight. In the five years to 2008 he expects ABC to make net profits of $379 million. If that figure of 44 per cent remains constant, this will represent $167 million of taxpayers' money transferred directly into the pockets of Eddy and Le Neve Groves and their fellow shareholders - on top of the $400,000 salary packages the two receive.
Analysts such as Messara point to several reasons ABC is "best in class" as a child-care corporation, particularly the fact that Groves has crunched the demographics to find the best places to site his centres - "nappy valley" suburbs from Brisbane to Perth full of young families in higher socioeconomic groups who can afford the still-substantial child-care "gap" payments.
ABC also benefits from the economies of scale - centralised booking and purchasing of supplies - as well as the advantage of owning its own educational equipment company, and running two colleges where its thousands of mainly young and female workers can do their two-year diploma courses. Its business model, where the company hives off the real estate to property trusts, means it carries little debt.
But there is also a dark side to ABC's operations that is little discussed, because the company is fiercely litigious towards competitors and critics alike.
After complaints in 2004 that ABC had been underpaying its staff and forcing them to clean toilets and buy their own uniforms, the Queensland branch of the union that represents child-care workers, the Liquor, Hospitality and Miscellaneous Union, handed parents pamphlets which Groves says portrayed him as "mean and greedy" and implied he was "trying to drive down low wages of child-care workers to line his own pockets".
In an unprecedented action, Groves sued the union's Queensland secretary, Ron Monaghan, for defamation. This has had the extraordinary outcome that none of the union's officials contacted by the Herald would risk commenting on the pay or conditions of ABC staff.
The union's officer responsible for child-care workers in NSW, Jim Lloyd, said: "I am not able to comment on ABC at all." When asked whether this was connected with the litigation in Queensland, he said: "Good question."
So it has been left to MPs such as Labor's child-care spokeswoman, Tanya Plibersek, and Michael Danby, Labor's deputy whip in the House of Representatives, to take up the cudgels on behalf of ABC's workers. Speaking under parliamentary privilege in 2004, Danby said that to cut costs "ABC centres refuse to hire sufficient cleaners, refuse to pay staff a decent wage, and require staff to bring in their own music to play to children".
Even after the substantial rises granted this week, the minimum award rate for a child-care worker with one year's experience is $611 a week. However, ABC workers' pay cannot be independently verified because they are required to sign confidential agreements. Groves has pointed out that, in return, they are issued with 150 shares (currently worth $1200) as a signing bonus - and he says he has a low staff turnover rate of 8 per cent a year.
And then there is ABC's attitude towards its competitors.
"ABC is fiercely competitive … they are very dominant in the marketplace and they will fight to maintain their position of strength. [A child care centre] is a licence to print money," says Peter Dowling, chairman of the development assessment committee of the Redland Shire Council, a booming population centre between Brisbane and the Gold Coast which is a battleground for child-care companies. The shire has no fewer than 38 centres, with 10 more approved and five in the planning process.
Last year, a property development company called Petrac Ltd was given council approval for a creche as part of a retirement village it is building. ABC, which has a child-care centre nearby, lodged an objection with the Queensland Planning and Environment Court - and Petrac dropped its proposal.
"They made a commercial decision not to have the project held up forever while they fought a court case," Dowling says. "ABC has not insignificant resources."
As a result, the Redland community is short one child-care centre - Petrac gave the land to the council, and the council decided it would best be used as a park.
In South Australia, ABC also decided to battle a potential competitor - but in this case the child-care giant lost, in a case which was inevitably dubbed a David-and-Goliath contest with two local women who spent their life's savings to set up a centre in a converted medical centre in Tea Tree Gully, on the outskirts of Adelaide.
ABC, which operates a big, purpose-built centre 700 metres away, appealed against council approval of the centre to the South Australian Environment, Resources and Development Court, arguing that there were already sufficient places in the area, even though ABC planned to double the size of its own centre.
In her judgement, Judge Susanne Cole was scathing, saying ABC's argument "really amounts to the dressing up of a concern about commercial competition in planning language … I am satisfied that this appeal has been instituted solely for an improper purpose, namely the delay or prevention of the establishment of a child-care centre which will compete for business with [ABC's] existing, and expanding, child-care centres."
But it was a pyrrhic victory for Tara Roberts and Nicole Manning, the two women who own the centre. ABC appealed against this decision, costing the women thousands of dollars they could not afford, before the case was eventually settled on terms the women are not allowed to discuss.
"They tried to crush us," Roberts says. "They have left us struggling a tad behind the eight-ball."
ABC has also been forced to deny that its political connections have in any way unfairly advantaged it in its business dealings.
In the latest Australian Electoral Commission returns, for 2003 and 2004, Groves is listed as having donated $15,000 to the Queensland Liberal Party and $60,000 to its Coalition partner, the Nationals.
The former Liberal lord mayor of Brisbane, Sallyanne Atkinson, has chaired the company since its float; she earns $77,000 a year and holds 695,000 shares, worth more than $5 million. The former federal minister and Nationals MP Larry Anthony raised eyebrows when he joined the board in March last year, five months after losing his seat; he earns about $40,000 a year and latest returns show his family trust has been issued with 75,000 shares, worth about $600,000.
One month after Anthony joined the board, ABC won a contract to manage 19 Defence Department child-care centres around Australia. These centres had been run for more than 10 years by KU Children's Services, a 110-year-old not-for-profit chain based in NSW, with the help of a government subsidy.
Last year, says Michelle Underwood, KU's manager of long day-care centre services, the Government decided to withdraw the subsidy and put operation of the centres up for public tender.
"It was a significant policy shift and we did not know where that was coming from," Underwood says.
"We didn't believe you could deliver an acceptable standard of child care under those conditions."
The contract went to ABC, which also holds other significant contracts to manage child care for Westpac, Optus and ANZ Bank. Groves said Anthony had nothing to do with negotiating the Defence Department contract.
There have also been sporadic complaints about health and safety issues at ABC centres, which come under supervision by state children's services departments. ABC has been prosecuted in Victoria and in NSW, and in Queensland has had to respond to a case in which a child was seriously injured. Last April, a toddler went missing for 20 minutes after climbing the fence of the ABC centre on a busy road inHoppers Crossing, in Victoria. The company was found guilty of providing inadequate supervision and fined $200. It has appealed against the conviction.
In NSW, the Department of Community Services says it has prosecuted 34 child-care centres since 1996, only one of them operating under the ABC brand. Last September, ABC Learning Centres Ltd was ordered to pay $76,792 in fines and costs after an inspection of a centre at Wee Waa found mouse droppings on the floor and in bedsheets, redback spiders in an outdoor toy storage area accessible to children, and no smoke detectors. The company had also failed to keep "dangerous cleaning materials, disinfectants, poison, medication and other dangerous substances away from children".
In Queensland in 2002 a child suffered a fractured skull after a locker fell over at an ABC centre. The company later made a statement to the stock exchange saying that a claim for damages was being handled by its insurance company and that if it was sued it intended to "join" (include in the case) the manufacturer of the locker.
TALKING of the industry in general, rather than ABC in particular, Lynne Wannan says: "Standards have been lowered, poorly paid and inexperienced staff employed and dubious practices crept in as larger providers built bigger centres and strove to get economies of scale. As they became larger, they used predatory pricing to drive smaller, community-based services and even smaller private operators out of business."
And Fast Eddy?
He's just got richer and richer.
"I don't care about the criticism we receive," he said in that Canadian interview. "We have raised the standard enormously."
Source: [[Cradle snatcher - National - smh.com.au|http://www.smh.com.au/news/national/cradle-snatcher/2006/03/10/1141701698670.html?page=fullpage#contentSwap2]]
Yet, it’s difficult to imagine Eddy Groves and his company ever getting the soft-focus treatment from Australian Story. Why is that? Apart from the idea of making millions from caring for kids, here are just a few of the reasons we don't like Eddy or his business.
* Much of Groves’ wealth is earned from the Australian taxpayer through family assistance payments, with the company hauling in up to $1 million a day from the federal government. ABC Learning is Australia’s most subsidised company. Financial analysts in favour of ABC stocks have called it “legislated growth”.
* When a toddler escaped from a childcare centre in Hoppers Crossing in Victoria in 2004, the company was fined $200 for inadequate supervision. But the company appealed the decision, seeking to blame its low-level staff, thereby challenging the well-established legal principle of vicarious liability, which implies companies are responsible for the actions or omissions of their employees.
* The Wal-Mart effect. As an acquisition-hungry behemoth, it has the financial clout to run smaller operations out of the industry, challenge regulators, and lower competition. Industry watchers also have concerns over the privatisation of childcare. The ACCC has ordered ABC to close centres in some regional areas and not open them in others.
* Employee complaints over cost-cutting, overly strict budgeting and the impact of staff workloads on the quality of supervision. Parents have complained that advertised menus did not match the food their little one was served. And, some centres have replaced real grass with synthetic grass.
* Accusations of political cronyism. Just five months after losing his seat at the 2004 election, Larry Anthony, the former Minister for Children and Youth Affairs, found a new job as a non-executive director at ABC Learning. As the ALP’s Tanya Plibersek said at the time: “As a minister he set up a situation where childcare fees went through the roof, and now he's on the board of the company that will benefit most from those fee increases.”
* Problems with accountability. According to this article, Queensland Maintenance Services (QMS) did $100 million worth of work for ABC between 2003 and 2006, and QMS director Frank Zullo is Eddy Groves’ brother-in-law. The work was not tendered, nor was it noted in the company’s public documents that the work was given to a family member.
* The cheek of ripping off the Australian Broadcasting Corporation's acronym. Kids love watching ABC TV. Critics say it was a cynical move to co-opt the national broadcasters name in a bid for some name recognition.
Send your tips to boss@crikey.com.au, submit them anonymously here or SMS tips and photos to 0427 TIP OFF.
Source: [[Crikey - Why we don't like Eddy and his ABCs - Why we don't like Eddy and his ABCs|http://www.crikey.com.au/Business/20080227-Why-we-dont-like-Eddy-and-his-ABCs.html]]
Summary of CRAG arguments
For the benefit of the casual browser. Most if not all of the following are covered in detail in other documents on this Web site.
* Governments introduced helmet laws without real proof of helmet effectiveness; without proper community consultation; bypassing democratic principles and standards; and without due consideration of other factors such as that there would be a decline in cycling.
* Numbers of cyclists have declined enormously since the law, and although cycling may have since increased, evidence indicates that the level is still below what would have been expected had there been no law.
* More people have given up cycling or continued to ride helmetless than have worn a helmet because of the law.
* The estimated number of head injuries per cyclist has not decreased since the law despite increased helmet wearing rates.
* Many of the scientific studies in support of the law have been proven flawed - usually due to limitations in their data or methodology.
* 'My helmet saved my life' anecdotes prove little towards the effect of enforcing helmets on an entire population, and notwithstanding the tendency for people to exaggerate their claims. Anecdotes can be a compelling argument for individuals to choose to wear helmets, but do not constitute the scientific evidence which should be a pre-requisite to legislation.
* Some studies have indicated helmet wearers to be more likely to strike their heads and/or have an accident. There is a rational explanation for this phenomena. Wearing a helmet increases the size and mass of the head, and helmet wearers may also be subject to risk compensation.
* Studies of the mechanics of head injury show that the most serious contributor to brain injury are rotational forces, which helmets can do little or nothing to prevent and may actually increase.
* Helmets can have little benefit in a severe collision with a motor vehicle. Bicycle helmets are certified only for simple falls.
* Don't even think about civil liberties, you don't have any. Wear a helmet or else! Just as compulsory motorbike helmets were used to justify compulsory seatbelts, and compulsory seatbelts in turn were used to justify compulsory bicycle helmets, there can be little doubt that at some point in the future the bicycle helmets law will be used to justify other breeches of civil liberties.
* The helmet law has fundamentally failed in its stated aim of reducing head injury, to say nothing of the adverse effects, but the Government has so far refused to review it.
Source: [[Cyclists Rights Action Group (CRAG)|http://members.pcug.org.au/~psvansch/crag/index.html]]
Debt concerns slash ABC Learning's share price
Posted Tue Feb 26, 2008 6:42pm AEDT
Updated Tue Feb 26, 2008 9:03pm AEDT
Eddy Groves has refused to say whether he has been forced to sell off stock amid the share price dive.
Eddy Groves has refused to say whether he has been forced to sell off stock amid the share price dive. (Inside Business)
* Video: Playtime over for childcare mogul (7.30 Report)
* Audio: Clime Capital Limited chairman Roger Montgomery discusses ABC Learning's deficiencies (ABC News)
* Audio: ABC Learning Centres share prices drops 40 pc (PM)
The childcare chain ABC Learning Centres is the latest company to succumb to fears over its debt levels.
ABC Learning's half-year earnings have dropped by 42 per cent to $37.1 million, prompting investor concerns about the company's debt structure.
At one stage today, shares dropped 70 per cent to touch a six-year low of $1.15, but have closed at $2.14.
Clime Capital Management chairman Roger Montgomery is scathing, saying the share price has long overvalued the company.
"It's gone from being a highly-profitable small business, to only a mediocre or less than mediocre large business," he said.
Mr Montgomery says the market has today taken the ABC's shares to their true value and has questioned some of the company's financial decisions.
"It has raised from its owners, or from its shareholders, $2.5 billion of equity over the last five years and consistently employed that equity at lower and lower rates of return," he said.
"It's now generating a return for its owners that is less than what you can get in a term deposit."
The company's chief executive Eddy Groves says investors have clearly been disappointed by the profit result, but the company is equipped to meet its debt obligations.
He says the tumble will not force the closure of any of its centres.
"It's the share price and the share market, but there's no effect to our business," he said.
But Mr Groves has refused to say whether he has been forced to sell off stock amid the share price dive.
He and some of the company's directors have margin loans on the stock, meaning they have bought shares with borrowed money.
"I won't comment on my personal situation," Mr Groves said.
"If I buy stock or sell stock, I have to announce it to the market within 48 hours and that's what I'd do."
Tags: business-economics-and-finance, company-news, australia
Source: [[Debt concerns slash ABC Learning's share price - ABC News (Australian Broadcasting Corporation)|http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2008/02/26/2173341.htm]]
[[Tag Directory]][[RatbagMedia]]
Thursday, 10 January 2008
an interview with Roberto Perez the permaculturalist
I decided that it might be a good idea to come up with a few specific questions for Roberto Perez of FANJ. I know I have a habit of leading conversations off track a bit. We'll see how it goes! [As you will read, I did lead the conversation off quite a bit, Roberto and I stayed talking from 2pm until we were kicked out of the office at closing time].
To give a bit of background... Roberto Perez was trained as a biologist and came to work with FANJ very early on in his career. He was involved in the Cuban urban agriculture movement from its beginnings. In fact, he was at the airport when the first permaculture designers came from Australia in the early 1990s. He was taught permaculture design from the Australians (along with English and an Aussie accent which has since become diluted). Since then, he has helped design and build demonstration gardens throughout Havana and trained hundreds of others in Permaculture design methods. He has also travelled extensively (rare for a Cuban) to see similar projects in other countries, especially Canada. He did a Postgraduate Diploma at St. FX in Antigonish, just 2 hours from my home!
Here goes my preposed questions:
[I only transcribed notes of Roberto's responses, a transcript would be pages long.]
"As a designer from a different culture, different climate and different economy, what would you say are the most precious 'jems of knowledge' that I should take back with me? I will be presenting my findings to a groups of ecological designers."
FLEXABLE POLITICAL WILL
The biggest enabling factor for the success and eventual integration of the work was flexable political will. This is especially true when it comes to land-use policy. Support for sustainable food systems came direct from the top (Fidel) and laws were altered and practises adapted that suited the development of urban agriculture. Roberto noted that this type of change is not so easy in a capitalist system where land has, what he described as, 'different value'. A good example of this flexability is the clearing and cleaning of vacant lots in Havana. As is common in Britian, vacacnt city lots in Havana gathered rubbish and debris (especially in the 1980s). Masses of red tape and petty quarrels between neighbours often kept these lots in a state of dis-repair. Changes in policy allowed these lots to be cleared and used for gardens. Roberto says that in other countries this would probably never happen. In other countries we often see vacant lots gathering rubbish with chain link fences around them preventing any useful use! In Cuba land only has value related to its usefulness, rather than speculative value.
MARKET FLEXABILITY
The socialist collective supply market was just as rigid [perhaps even moreso] as western capitalist markets. The political will that allowed changes in how food was marketed in Cuba found this truth: 'there is always space in the market for a variety of services'. For instance, there are rules that prevent small allotment gardeners in Britian from selling their produce. These rules are meant to protect farmers, who make their only livelihood from selling food. Cuban officials feared failure of the large collective farms and state price controls by allowing an alternative market. In reality, the state supplied food still plays a large part in the Cuban diet and will continue to do so. [At this point I added the comment that TESCO or Sainsbury's has nothing to fear from market gardeners. They are well suited to adapt and by no means fill all the 'needs' of the market.] Market regulators need to adjust rules to scale. The many food safety and tracability laws do help protect us from poor quality food, but do not make sense applied to a small vendor selling bottles of home made jam.
FOOD INDUSTRY LABOUR MARKET
Working in food production in Cuba pays well. This attracts innovative, intelligent and industrious workers. This isn't the same in other countries for many reasons. In order for the system to be sustainable something needs to be done to change this.
PLANNING AND DESIGN OF PUBLIC SPACES
Designers and planners have to rethink public spaces, especially parks and green spaces. There exists an absurd distinction between ornimental and productive horticulture. Edible plants need to be given a greater emphasis in public areas. This is still forthcoming in Cuba and a current FANJ project is dealing with this. Standard architectural rendering show shrubs and trees outside buildings, sometimes even inside. Why not apple or pear trees, berry hedges?
PLANNING OF GARDEN SPACE
There are physical limits with plants and space. There are also relationships to efficiency and size, labour requirements and economic sense when it comes to gardens. This is what has been discovered in Havana. In order of least productive to most productive: Home Garden, Allotment, Collective, and Community. This is also connected to size. However, we must not simply interpret this as 'bigger is better'. There are appropriate uses for each. That being said, it must be understood that the scale of productivity is not completely linear. When thinking of planning, a collective garden that supplies 5 families is probably a little smaller in total size than 5 family sized allotments. Efficiencies are gained in the layout and sharing of things like shed space, which makes sense but actual productivity is much much higher than an allotment and labour requirements per person are lower. The problem then becomes a social one. Cubans have developed various and flexable social system to suit collectives. They are usually based simply on labour. All production is based on number of hours worked in the garden.
CHEAP, HEALTHY AND FRESH
Locally grown food is cheap, healthy and fresh. Probably the most important one is cheap, in Cuba the farmer's markets are much much cheaper than the supermarkets. It is also much fresher. Farmer's markets in northern countries are expensive and thus limit their market.
"In Britian we faced a food crisis from 1939 to well into the 1950s. As an island nation that was highly dependant on trade, the war had a dramatic impact on daily life and people's perceptions of food. This response, however, was seen more as a 'war measure' that was quickly abandoned than a long term solution. As Cuba emerged from the 'Special Period', what has made these measures, such as urban agriculture, become long term solutions?"
The answer is basically twofold:
-Political will... see answer from above.
-It makes economic sense, urban farmers in Cuba tap in to a very lucritive market economy earning more than they would doing other jobs.
I concluded my conversation with Roberto speaking about possible collaborations with my contacts in Scotland and arranged a second meeting as it was time to go.
Source: [[Design and Salutogenic Food Systems: an interview with Roberto Perez the permaculturalist|http://salutogenicsteve.blogspot.com/2008/01/interview-with-roberto-perez.html]]
/***
|''Name:''|DropDownMenuPlugin|
|''Description:''|Create dropdown menus from unordered lists|
|''Author:''|Saq Imtiaz ( lewcid@gmail.com )|
|''Source:''|http://tw.lewcid.org/#DropDownMenuPlugin|
|''Code Repository:''|http://tw.lewcid.org/svn/plugins|
|''Version:''|2.1|
|''Date:''|11/04/2007|
|''License:''|[[Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 License|http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/]]|
|''~CoreVersion:''|2.2.5|
!!Usage:
* create a two-level unordered list using wiki syntax, and place {{{<<dropMenu>>}}} on the line after it.
* to create a vertical menu use {{{<<dropMenu vertical>>}}} instead.
* to assign custom classes to the list, just pass them as parameters to the macro {{{<<dropMenu className1 className2 className3>>}}}
!!Features:
*Supports just a single level of drop-downs, as anything more usually provides a poor experience for the user.
* Very light weight, about 1.5kb of JavaScript and 4kb of CSS.
* Comes with two built in css 'themes', the default horizontal and vertical.
!!Customizing:
* to customize the appearance of the menu's, you can either add a custom class as described above or, you can edit the CSS via the StyleSheetDropDownMenu shadow tiddler.
!!Examples:
* [[DropDownMenuDemo]]
***/
// /%
//!BEGIN-PLUGIN-CODE
config.macros.dropMenu={
dropdownchar: "\u25bc",
handler : function(place,macroName,params,wikifier,paramString,tiddler){
list = findRelated(place.lastChild,"UL","tagName","previousSibling");
if (!list)
return;
addClass(list,"suckerfish");
if (params.length){
addClass(list,paramString);
}
this.fixLinks(list);
},
fixLinks : function(el){
var els = el.getElementsByTagName("li");
for(var i = 0; i < els.length; i++) {
if(els[i].getElementsByTagName("ul").length>0){
var link = findRelated(els[i].firstChild,"A","tagName","nextSibling");
if(!link){
var ih = els[i].firstChild.data;
els[i].removeChild(els[i].firstChild);
var d = createTiddlyElement(null,"a",null,null,ih+this.dropdownchar,{href:"javascript:;"});
els[i].insertBefore(d,els[i].firstChild);
}
else{
link.firstChild.data = link.firstChild.data + this.dropdownchar;
removeClass(link,"tiddlyLinkNonExisting");
}
}
els[i].onmouseover = function() {
addClass(this, "sfhover");
};
els[i].onmouseout = function() {
removeClass(this, "sfhover");
};
}
}
};
config.shadowTiddlers["StyleSheetDropDownMenuPlugin"] =
"/*{{{*/\n"+
"/***** LAYOUT STYLES - DO NOT EDIT! *****/\n"+
"ul.suckerfish, ul.suckerfish ul {\n"+
" margin: 0;\n"+
" padding: 0;\n"+
" list-style: none;\n"+
" line-height:1.4em;\n"+
"}\n\n"+
"ul.suckerfish li {\n"+
" display: inline-block; \n"+
" display: block;\n"+
" float: left; \n"+
"}\n\n"+
"ul.suckerfish li ul {\n"+
" position: absolute;\n"+
" left: -999em;\n"+
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"ul.suckerfish li a.tiddlyLink, ul.suckerfish li a, #mainMenu ul.suckerfish li a {font-weight:bold;}\n"+
"/**** END LAYOUT STYLES *****/\n"+
"\n\n"+
"/**** COLORS AND APPEARANCE - DEFAULT *****/\n"+
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" padding: 0.5em 1.5em;\n"+
" color: #FFF;\n"+
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" border-bottom: 0;\n"+
" font-weight:bold;\n"+
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"ul.suckerfish li:hover a, ul.suckerfish li.sfhover a{\n"+
" background: #00558F;\n"+
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"/***** END COLORS AND APPEARANCE - DEFAULT *****/\n"+
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"/***** LAYOUT AND APPEARANCE: VERTICAL *****/\n"+
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" width:10em;\n"+
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"ul.suckerfish.vertical li:hover ul li, ul.suckerfish.vertical li.sfhover ul li {\n"+
" border-bottom:1px solid #fff;\n"+
"}\n\n"+
"/***** END LAYOUT AND APPEARANCE: VERTICAL *****/\n"+
"/*}}}*/";
store.addNotification("StyleSheetDropDownMenuPlugin",refreshStyles);
//!END-PLUGIN-CODE
// %/
<html><h3>Dutch Cycle Promotion</h3>
<p>If often seems that the English speaking world does not understand
how the Dutch have been so successful with their cycle promotion. Why
is it that the Netherlands has a cycling rate which is so far ahead of
the rest of the world, and growing ?</p>
<p>It is also quite often assumed that Dutch drivers must be far better
behaved than those in the UK and other countries in order that cyclists
can have such a good degree of safety. Or the reason is put down to the
country being relatively flat. However, these things couldn't possibly
explain why the Dutch cycle for 20x as many journeys as people in
English speaking countries do.</p>
<p>It actually comes down to a single point. Generally when you cycle
in the Netherlands you are not sharing space with cars. This makes
cycling very pleasant and relaxed. It reduces conflict with motorists
and it leads to much greater safety. What isn't necesarily so obvious
to outside observers from locations with less advanced cycling
infrastructure is that it also leads to cyclists having journeys which
are more direct than those of motorists. As a result, cycling is a much
more appealing form of transport.</p>
<p>Flatness doesn't necessarily help. It results in very strong
headwinds. Also, the Netherlands can be very cold and wet in the
winter. However, the convenience of cycling wins out over these
problems.</p>
<p>In order to show people the situation in this country and how favourable it is for cyclists, we run <a href="http://hembrow.eu/cycling/studytour.html">Study Tours</a>.
However, we also provide here pointers to information about Dutch
cycling provision from the people who implement it. Most of the
articles produced by the Dutch are in the Dutch language. However, I
have collected together here some English language documents.</p>
<h5>Fietsberaad articles</h5>
<p>These articles are all from the <a href="http://www.fietsberaad.nl/" target="_blank">Fietsberaad</a>
- a government organisation involved in cycle promotion with
representatives from cities and organisations around the Netherlands.</p>
<p><a target="_blank" href="http://hembrow.eu/tmp/CyclingPolicies.pdf">Cycling Policies of Ten cycle friendly cities</a>.
Includes a plot of cycle usage over time for cities with a lot of
cycling and cities with less cycling. Shows that cycle usage in cities
with low cycle usage now was historically much higher. Photos of mass
cycle use before the second World War Two and in moden times.</p>
<p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.fietsberaad.nl/library/repository/bestanden/Cycling%20in%20the%20Netherlands%20VenW.pdf">Cycling in the Netherlands</a>.</p>
<p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.fietsberaad.nl/library/repository/bestanden/14397_pn4_public_bikes_ok_low.pdf">Public Bicycles Policy Notes</a></p>
<p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.fietsberaad.nl/library/repository/bestanden/The%20Dutch%20Bicycle%20Master%20Plan%201999.pdf">The Dutch Bicycle Master Plan 1999</a>
- covers history from the 1890s and policy up to 1999. Includes such
gems as that the first guarded cycle storage was opened in 1895, the
first cycle paths around the same time. Goes over the decline of
cycling followed by its return, and recent Dutch policies on building
cycle paths which have increased cycling and decreased the rate of
accidents.</p>
<p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.fietsberaad.nl/library/repository/bestanden/document000095.pdf">Facts about cycling in the Netherlands 2001</a>
- referring to Dutch Bicycle Master Plan of 1999. This document
contains a lot of detailed statistics about how many trips are made by
different modes of transport, by different ages etc.</p>
<p>There are also databanks of ideas which though they are in Dutch may provide some inspiration:</p>
<p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.fietsberaad.nl/index.cfm?section=Voorbeeldenbank">Example bank</a>
- this features photos of different types of cycle infrastructure
(select Crosspoints, Road craft, Cycle Parking from the menu on the
left).</p>
<h5>Fietsersbond articles</h5>
<p>These articles are from <a href="http://www.hembrow.eu/cycling/www.fietsersbond.nl" target="_blank">Fietsersbond</a> - the national cyclists union of the Netherlands.</p>
<p><a taregt="_blank" href="http://www.fietsersbond.nl/urlsearchresults.asp?itemnumber=13669&viewtype=popup">Fietsparkeur</a> - a system of approval for cycle parking.</p>
<p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.fietsersbond.nl/urlsearchresults.asp?itemnumber=13670&viewtype=popup">Bicycle Parking at Dutch Railway Stations</a>.</p>
<p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.fietsersbond.nl/urlsearchresults.asp?itemnumber=13666&viewtype=popup">Tips for locking bicycles and spotting stolen bicycles</a> - The Dutch have quite a big cycle theft problem.</p>
<h4>Dutch Language Documents from Assen which may be of interest</h4>
<p>I've collected here some Dutch language documents which are not too
difficult to understand for the English speaking reader. These all
relate to Assen.</p>
<p><a href="http://www.assen.nl/Docs/internet_nl/Thema%20Verkeer%20en%20Vervoer/Nota%20Fietsverkeer/FietsplanKloosterveen1.pdf" target="_blank">Fietsplan Kloosterveen</a>
- Kloosterveen is a new housing development in Assen. This is the
cycling plan, showing the standard of provision that new developments
are required to have in the Netherlands.</p>
<a name="assenexpenditure"></a>
<p><a href="http://www.assen.nl/Docs/internet_nl/Thema%20Verkeer%20en%20Vervoer/Nota%20Fietsverkeer/uitvoeringsprogramma2005-2006.pdf">Expenditure on cycling in Assen in 2005/2006</a> - nearly €6M. The population is 63000, so that works out as a little over €90 per person per year.</p>
<p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.assen.nl/Docs/internet_nl/Thema%20Verkeer%20en%20Vervoer/Nota%20Fietsverkeer/Nota%20Fietsverkeer.pdf">Cycle Transport Notes</a> - September 2005 document about cycling in Assen. What needs to happen over the next 5 years.</p>
<p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.assen.nl/Docs/internet_nl/Thema%20Verkeer%20en%20Vervoer/Nota%20Fietsverkeer/actieprogramma2007-2010.pdf">Action programme for 2007-2010</a> - works to be done on cycle paths.</p>
<h4>Danish documents</h4>
<p>The Danes also produce some good cycling literature in English.</p>
<p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.fietsberaad.nl/library/repository/bestanden/document000060.pdf">Copenhagen Bicycle Account 2002</a>.</p>
<h4>Norway</h4>
<p><a href="http://www.trampe.no/english/" target="_blank">Trondheim bicycle lift</a>.</p>
<h4>UK</h4>
<p><a href="http://www.eco-logica.co.uk/pdf/wtpp13.3.pdf" target="_blank">Eco-logica.co.uk report on 6 European cities</a>.</p>
<p><a href="http://www.dft.gov.uk/pgr/sustainable/cycling/cyclingfuture.pdf" target="_blank">Sustainable Future for cycling</a>
a document from the department of transport which contains figures for
the low amounts spent in the UK, and the limited results they have had.
This focuses on showing impressive looking figures, such as 172000
extra cycle journeys being made per year by 10000 households in
Brighton. However, given an average of 3 people per household, that
actually amounts to only around 5 journeys per year per person. It is
similar on money spent. Divide their figures by the number of people
the money is being spent on.</p>
<h3>Videos</h3>
<p>Dutch bicycle masterplan 1990. Things have of course moved on since
this film was made nearly 20 years ago. However, this is what is
interesting. While some other countries drop their targets, the Dutch
met theirs. They have now set new targets for increase in cycling.</p>
<object height="355" width="425"><param name="movie" value="http://www.youtube.com/v/QExnRr9VAJw&rel=0"><param name="wmode" value="transparent"><embed src="http://www.youtube.com/v/QExnRr9VAJw&rel=0" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" wmode="transparent" height="355" width="425"></object>
<h3>Photos</h3>
<p>We have a separate web page with photos of <a href="http://www.hembrow.eu/cycling/photos.html">Dutch cycling facilities</a>.</p>
<h3>Other Green Initiatives</h3>
<p>The Dutch also lead the way in Europe on recycling. They have many
pragmatic means to reduce the amount thrown out and to encourage
recycling of waste. We have a webpage on our experiences with <a href="http://hembrow.eu/personal/rubbish.html">Waste reduction and re-cycling in Assen</a>.</p>
<h3>About Us</h3>
<p>Judy and David Hembrow are experienced English cyclists who moved to the Netherlands in 2007.</p>
<p>We run <a href="http://www.hembrow.eu/cycling/studytour.html">Cycling Study Tours</a> and <a href="http://hembrow.eu/cycling">Cycling Holidays</a> from our new home in <a href="http://www.hembrow.eu/cycling/assen.html">Assen</a>.</p>
<p>We're also available to organise rides of any duration and group size
to suit individuals, families or organisations. These can be a
variation on the rides we already organise or something different. If you are
interested, <a target="_blank" href="https://mail.google.com/mail?view=cm&tf=0&ui=1&to=david@hembrow.eu">get in touch</a>.</p></html>
/***
|''Name:''|EasyEditPlugin|
|''Description:''|Lite and extensible Wysiwyg editor for TiddlyWiki.|
|''Version:''|1.3.3|
|''Date:''|Dec 21,2007|
|''Source:''|http://visualtw.ouvaton.org/VisualTW.html|
|''Author:''|Pascal Collin|
|''License:''|[[BSD open source license|License]]|
|''~CoreVersion:''|2.1.0|
|''Browser:''|Firefox 2.0; InternetExplorer 6.0|
!Demo
*On the plugin [[homepage|http://visualtw.ouvaton.org/VisualTW.html]], see [[WysiwygDemo]] and use the {{{write}}} button.
!Installation
#import the plugin,
#save and reload,
#use the <<toolbar easyEdit>> button in the tiddler's toolbar (in default ViewTemplate) or add {{{easyEdit}}} command in your own toolbar.
! Useful Addons
*[[HTMLFormattingPlugin|http://www.tiddlytools.com/#HTMLFormattingPlugin]] to embed wiki syntax in html tiddlers.<<br>>//__Tips__ : When this plugin is installed, you can use anchor syntax to link tiddlers in wysiwyg mode (example : #example). Anchors are converted back and from wiki syntax when editing.//
*[[TaggedTemplateTweak|http://www.TiddlyTools.com/#TaggedTemplateTweak]] to use alternative ViewTemplate/EditTemplate for tiddler's tagged with specific tag values.
!Configuration
|Buttons in the toolbar (empty = all).<<br>>//Example : bold,underline,separator,forecolor//<<br>>The buttons will appear in this order.| <<option txtEasyEditorButtons>>|
|EasyEditor default height | <<option txtEasyEditorHeight>>|
|Stylesheet applied to the edited richtext |[[EasyEditDocStyleSheet]]|
|Template called by the {{{write}}} button |[[EasyEditTemplate]]|
!How to extend EasyEditor
*To add your own buttons, add some code like the following in a systemConfig tagged tiddler (//use the prompt attribute only if there is a parameter//) :
**{{{EditorToolbar.buttons.heading = {label:"H", toolTip : "Set heading level", prompt: "Enter heading level"};}}}
**{{{EditorToolbar.buttonsList +=",heading";}}}
*To get the list of all possible commands, see the documentation of the [[Gecko built-in rich text editor|http://developer.mozilla.org/en/docs/Midas]] or the [[IE command identifiers|http://msdn2.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms533049.aspx]].
*To go further in customization, see [[Link button|EasyEditPlugin-LinkButton]] as an example.
!Code
***/
//{{{
var geckoEditor={};
var IEeditor={};
config.options.txtEasyEditorHeight = config.options.txtEasyEditorHeight ? config.options.txtEasyEditorHeight : "500px";
config.options.txtEasyEditorButtons = config.options.txtEasyEditorButtons ? config.options.txtEasyEditorButtons : "";
// TW2.1.x compatibility
config.browser.isGecko = config.browser.isGecko ? config.browser.isGecko : (config.userAgent.indexOf("gecko") != -1);
config.macros.annotations = config.macros.annotations ? config.macros.annotations : {handler : function() {}}
// EASYEDITOR MACRO
config.macros.easyEdit = {
handler : function(place,macroName,params,wikifier,paramString,tiddler) {
var field = params[0];
var height = params[1] ? params[1] : config.options.txtEasyEditorHeight;
var editor = field ? new easyEditor(tiddler,field,place,height) : null;
},
gather: function(element){
var iframes = element.getElementsByTagName("iframe");
if (iframes.length!=1) return null
var text = "<html>"+iframes[0].contentWindow.document.body.innerHTML+"</html>";
text = config.browser.isGecko ? geckoEditor.postProcessor(text) : (config.browser.isIE ? IEeditor.postProcessor(text) : text);
return text;
}
}
// EASYEDITOR CLASS
function easyEditor(tiddler,field,place,height) {
this.tiddler = tiddler;
this.field = field;
this.browser = config.browser.isGecko ? geckoEditor : (config.browser.isIE ? IEeditor : null);
this.wrapper = createTiddlyElement(place,"div",null,"easyEditor");
this.wrapper.setAttribute("easyEdit",this.field);
this.iframe = createTiddlyElement(null,"iframe");
this.browser.setupFrame(this.iframe,height,contextualCallback(this,this.onload));
this.wrapper.appendChild(this.iframe);
}
easyEditor.prototype.onload = function(){
this.editor = this.iframe.contentWindow;
this.doc = this.editor.document;
if (!this.browser.isDocReady(this.doc)) return null;
if (!this.tiddler.isReadOnly() && this.doc.designMode.toLowerCase()!="on") {
this.doc.designMode = "on";
if (this.browser.reloadOnDesignMode) return false; // IE fire readystatechange after designMode change
}
var internalCSS = store.getTiddlerText("EasyEditDocStyleSheet");
setStylesheet(internalCSS,"EasyEditDocStyleSheet",this.doc);
this.browser.initContent(this.doc,store.getValue(this.tiddler,this.field));
var barElement=createTiddlyElement(null,"div",null,"easyEditorToolBar");
this.wrapper.insertBefore(barElement,this.wrapper.firstChild);
this.toolbar = new EditorToolbar(this.doc,barElement,this.editor);
this.browser.plugEvents(this.doc,contextualCallback(this,this.scheduleButtonsRefresh));
this.editor.focus();
}
easyEditor.SimplePreProcessoror = function(text) {
var re = /^<html>(.*)<\/html>$/m;
var htmlValue = re.exec(text);
var value = (htmlValue && (htmlValue.length>0)) ? htmlValue[1] : text;
return value;
}
easyEditor.prototype.scheduleButtonsRefresh=function() { //doesn't refresh buttons state when rough typing
if (this.nextUpdate) window.clearTimeout(this.nextUpdate);
this.nextUpdate = window.setTimeout(contextualCallback(this.toolbar,EditorToolbar.onUpdateButton),easyEditor.buttonDelay);
}
easyEditor.buttonDelay = 200;
// TOOLBAR CLASS
function EditorToolbar(target,parent,window){
this.target = target;
this.window=window;
this.elements={};
var row = createTiddlyElement(createTiddlyElement(createTiddlyElement(parent,"table"),"tbody"),"tr");
var buttons = (config.options.txtEasyEditorButtons ? config.options.txtEasyEditorButtons : EditorToolbar.buttonsList).split(",");
for(var cpt = 0; cpt < buttons.length; cpt++){
var b = buttons[cpt];
var button = EditorToolbar.buttons[b];
if (button) {
if (button.separator)
createTiddlyElement(row,"td",null,"separator").innerHTML+=" ";
else {
var cell=createTiddlyElement(row,"td",null,b+"Button");
if (button.onCreate) button.onCreate.call(this, cell, b);
else EditorToolbar.createButton.call(this, cell, b);
}
}
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}
EditorToolbar.createButton = function(place,name){
this.elements[name] = createTiddlyButton(place,EditorToolbar.buttons[name].label,EditorToolbar.buttons[name].toolTip,contextualCallback(this,EditorToolbar.onCommand(name)),"button");
}
EditorToolbar.onCommand = function(name){
var button = EditorToolbar.buttons[name];
return function(){
var parameter = false;
if (button.prompt) {
var parameter = this.target.queryCommandValue(name);
parameter = prompt(button.prompt,parameter);
}
if (parameter != null) {
this.target.execCommand(name, false, parameter);
EditorToolbar.onUpdateButton.call(this);
}
return false;
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EditorToolbar.getCommandState = function(target,name){
try {return target.queryCommandState(name)}
catch(e){return false}
}
EditorToolbar.onRefreshButton = function (name){
if (EditorToolbar.getCommandState(this.target,name)) addClass(this.elements[name].parentNode,"buttonON");
else removeClass(this.elements[name].parentNode,"buttonON");
this.window.focus();
}
EditorToolbar.onUpdateButton = function(){
for (b in this.elements)
if (EditorToolbar.buttons[b].onRefresh) EditorToolbar.buttons[b].onRefresh.call(this,b);
else EditorToolbar.onRefreshButton.call(this,b);
}
EditorToolbar.buttons = {
separator : {separator : true},
bold : {label:"B", toolTip : "Bold"},
italic : {label:"I", toolTip : "Italic"},
underline : {label:"U", toolTip : "Underline"},
strikethrough : {label:"S", toolTip : "Strikethrough"},
insertunorderedlist : {label:"\u25CF", toolTip : "Unordered list"},
insertorderedlist : {label:"1.", toolTip : "Ordered list"},
justifyleft : {label:"[\u2261", toolTip : "Align left"},
justifyright : {label:"\u2261]", toolTip : "Align right"},
justifycenter : {label:"\u2261", toolTip : "Align center"},
justifyfull : {label:"[\u2261]", toolTip : "Justify"},
removeformat : {label:"\u00F8", toolTip : "Remove format"},
fontsize : {label:"\u00B1", toolTip : "Set font size", prompt: "Enter font size"},
forecolor : {label:"C", toolTip : "Set font color", prompt: "Enter font color"},
fontname : {label:"F", toolTip : "Set font name", prompt: "Enter font name"},
heading : {label:"H", toolTip : "Set heading level", prompt: "Enter heading level (example : h1, h2, ...)"},
indent : {label:"\u2192[", toolTip : "Indent paragraph"},
outdent : {label:"[\u2190", toolTip : "Outdent paragraph"},
inserthorizontalrule : {label:"\u2014", toolTip : "Insert an horizontal rule"},
insertimage : {label:"\u263C", toolTip : "Insert image", prompt: "Enter image url"}
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if (config.browser.isGecko) {
EditorToolbar.buttons.increasefontsize = {onCreate : EditorToolbar.createButton, label:"A", toolTip : "Increase font size"};
EditorToolbar.buttons.decreasefontsize = {onCreate : EditorToolbar.createButton, label:"A", toolTip : "Decrease font size"};
EditorToolbar.buttons.insertparagraph = {label:"P", toolTip : "Format as paragraph"};
}
// GECKO (FIREFOX, ...) BROWSER SPECIFIC METHODS
geckoEditor.setupFrame = function(iframe,height,callback) {
iframe.setAttribute("style","width: 100%; height:" + height);
iframe.addEventListener("load",callback,true);
}
geckoEditor.plugEvents = function(doc,onchange){
doc.addEventListener("keyup", onchange, true);
doc.addEventListener("keydown", onchange, true);
doc.addEventListener("click", onchange, true);
}
geckoEditor.postProcessor = function(text){return text};
geckoEditor.preProcessor = function(text){return easyEditor.SimplePreProcessoror(text)}
geckoEditor.isDocReady = function() {return true;}
geckoEditor.reloadOnDesignMode=false;
geckoEditor.initContent = function(doc,content){
if (content) doc.execCommand("insertHTML",false,geckoEditor.preProcessor(content));
}
// INTERNET EXPLORER BROWSER SPECIFIC METHODS
IEeditor.setupFrame = function(iframe,height,callback) {
iframe.width="99%"; //IE displays the iframe at the bottom if 100%. CSS layout problem ? I don't know. To be studied...
iframe.height=height.toString();
iframe.attachEvent("onreadystatechange",callback);
}
IEeditor.plugEvents = function(doc,onchange){
doc.attachEvent("onkeyup", onchange);
doc.attachEvent("onkeydown", onchange);
doc.attachEvent("onclick", onchange);
}
IEeditor.isDocReady = function(doc){
if (doc.readyState!="complete") return false;
if (!doc.body) return false;
return (doc && doc.getElementsByTagName && doc.getElementsByTagName("head") && doc.getElementsByTagName("head").length>0);
}
IEeditor.postProcessor = function(text){return text};
IEeditor.preProcessor = function(text){return easyEditor.SimplePreProcessoror(text)}
IEeditor.reloadOnDesignMode=true;
IEeditor.initContent = function(doc,content){
if (content) doc.body.innerHTML=IEeditor.preProcessor(content);
}
function contextualCallback(obj,func){
return function(){return func.call(obj)}
}
Story.prototype.previousGatherSaveEasyEdit = Story.prototype.previousGatherSaveEasyEdit ? Story.prototype.previousGatherSaveEasyEdit : Story.prototype.gatherSaveFields; // to avoid looping if this line is called several times
Story.prototype.gatherSaveFields = function(e,fields){
if(e && e.getAttribute) {
var f = e.getAttribute("easyEdit");
if(f){
var newVal = config.macros.easyEdit.gather(e);
if (newVal) fields[f] = newVal;
}
this.previousGatherSaveEasyEdit(e, fields);
}
}
config.commands.easyEdit={
text: "write",
tooltip: "Edit this tiddler in wysiwyg mode",
readOnlyText: "view",
readOnlyTooltip: "View the source of this tiddler",
handler : function(event,src,title) {
clearMessage();
var tiddlerElem = document.getElementById(story.idPrefix + title);
var fields = tiddlerElem.getAttribute("tiddlyFields");
story.displayTiddler(null,title,"EasyEditTemplate",false,null,fields);
return false;
}
}
config.shadowTiddlers.ViewTemplate = config.shadowTiddlers.ViewTemplate.replace(/\+editTiddler/,"+editTiddler easyEdit");
config.shadowTiddlers.EasyEditTemplate = config.shadowTiddlers.EditTemplate.replace(/macro='edit text'/,"macro='easyEdit text'");
config.shadowTiddlers.EasyEditToolBarStyleSheet = "/*{{{*/\n";
config.shadowTiddlers.EasyEditToolBarStyleSheet += ".easyEditorToolBar {font-size:0.8em}\n" ;
config.shadowTiddlers.EasyEditToolBarStyleSheet += ".editor iframe {border:1px solid #DDD}\n" ;
config.shadowTiddlers.EasyEditToolBarStyleSheet += ".easyEditorToolBar td{border:1px solid #888; padding:2px 1px 2px 1px; vertical-align:middle}\n" ;
config.shadowTiddlers.EasyEditToolBarStyleSheet += ".easyEditorToolBar td.separator{border:0}\n" ;
config.shadowTiddlers.EasyEditToolBarStyleSheet += ".easyEditorToolBar .button{border:0;color:#444}\n" ;
config.shadowTiddlers.EasyEditToolBarStyleSheet += ".easyEditorToolBar .buttonON{background-color:#EEE}\n" ;
config.shadowTiddlers.EasyEditToolBarStyleSheet += ".easyEditorToolBar {margin:0.25em 0}\n" ;
config.shadowTiddlers.EasyEditToolBarStyleSheet += ".easyEditorToolBar .boldButton {font-weight:bold}\n" ;
config.shadowTiddlers.EasyEditToolBarStyleSheet += ".easyEditorToolBar .italicButton .button {font-style:italic;padding-right:0.65em}\n" ;
config.shadowTiddlers.EasyEditToolBarStyleSheet += ".easyEditorToolBar .underlineButton .button {text-decoration:underline}\n" ;
config.shadowTiddlers.EasyEditToolBarStyleSheet += ".easyEditorToolBar .strikeButton .button {text-decoration:line-through}\n" ;
config.shadowTiddlers.EasyEditToolBarStyleSheet += ".easyEditorToolBar .unorderedListButton {margin-left:0.7em}\n" ;
config.shadowTiddlers.EasyEditToolBarStyleSheet += ".easyEditorToolBar .justifyleftButton .button {padding-left:0.1em}\n" ;
config.shadowTiddlers.EasyEditToolBarStyleSheet += ".easyEditorToolBar .justifyrightButton .button {padding-right:0.1em}\n" ;
config.shadowTiddlers.EasyEditToolBarStyleSheet += ".easyEditorToolBar .justifyfullButton .button, .easyEditorToolBar .indentButton .button, .easyEditorToolBar .outdentButton .button {padding-left:0.1em;padding-right:0.1em}\n" ;
config.shadowTiddlers.EasyEditToolBarStyleSheet += ".easyEditorToolBar .increasefontsizeButton .button {padding-left:0.15em;padding-right:0.15em; font-size:1.3em; line-height:0.75em}\n" ;
config.shadowTiddlers.EasyEditToolBarStyleSheet += ".easyEditorToolBar .decreasefontsizeButton .button {padding-left:0.4em;padding-right:0.4em; font-size:0.8em;}\n" ;
config.shadowTiddlers.EasyEditToolBarStyleSheet += ".easyEditorToolBar .forecolorButton .button {color:red;}\n" ;
config.shadowTiddlers.EasyEditToolBarStyleSheet += ".easyEditorToolBar .fontnameButton .button {font-family:serif}\n" ;
config.shadowTiddlers.EasyEditToolBarStyleSheet +="/*}}}*/";
store.addNotification("EasyEditToolBarStyleSheet", refreshStyles);
config.shadowTiddlers.EasyEditDocStyleSheet = "/*{{{*/\n \n/*}}}*/";
if (config.annotations) config.annotations.EasyEditDocStyleSheet = "This stylesheet is applied when editing a text with the wysiwyg easyEditor";
//}}}
/***
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***/
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EditorToolbar.createLinkButton = function(place,name) {
this.elements[name] = createTiddlyButton(place,EditorToolbar.buttons[name].label,EditorToolbar.buttons[name].toolTip,contextualCallback(this,EditorToolbar.onInputLink()),"button");
}
EditorToolbar.onInputLink = function() {
return function(){
var browser = config.browser.isGecko ? geckoEditor : (config.browser.isIE ? IEeditor : null);
var value = browser ? browser.getLink(this.target) : "";
value = prompt(EditorToolbar.buttons["createlink"].prompt,value);
if (value) browser.doLink(this.target,value);
else if (value=="") this.target.execCommand("unlink", false, value);
EditorToolbar.onUpdateButton.call(this);
return false;
}
}
EditorToolbar.buttonsList += ",separator,createlink";
EditorToolbar.buttons.createlink = {onCreate : EditorToolbar.createLinkButton, label:"L", toolTip : "Set link", prompt: "Enter link url"};
geckoEditor.getLink=function(doc){
var range=doc.defaultView.getSelection().getRangeAt(0);
var container = range.commonAncestorContainer;
var node = (container.nodeType==3) ? container.parentNode : range.startContainer.childNodes[range.startOffset];
if (node && node.tagName=="A") {
var r=doc.createRange();
r.selectNode(node);
doc.defaultView.getSelection().addRange(r);
return (node.getAttribute("tiddler") ? "#"+node.getAttribute("tiddler") : node.href);
}
else return (container.nodeType==3 ? "#"+container.textContent.substr(range.startOffset, range.endOffset-range.startOffset).replace(/ $/,"") : "");
}
geckoEditor.doLink=function(doc,link){ // store tiddler in a temporary attribute to avoid url encoding of tiddler's name
var pin = "href"+Math.random().toString().substr(3);
doc.execCommand("createlink", false, pin);
var isTiddler=(link.charAt(0)=="#");
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var links= (node.nodeType!=3) ? node.getElementsByTagName("a") : [node.parentNode];
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links[cpt].setAttribute("tiddler",isTiddler ? link.substr(1) : "");
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}
geckoEditor.beforeLinkPostProcessor = geckoEditor.beforelinkPostProcessor ? geckoEditor.beforelinkPostProcessor : geckoEditor.postProcessor;
geckoEditor.postProcessor = function(text){
return geckoEditor.beforeLinkPostProcessor(text).replace(/<a tiddler="([^"]*)" href="javascript:;">(.*?)(?:<\/a>)/gi,"[[$2|$1]]").replace(/<a tiddler="" href="/gi,'<a href="');
}
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geckoEditor.preProcessor = function(text){
return geckoEditor.beforeLinkPreProcessor(text).replace(/\[\[([^|\]]*)\|([^\]]*)]]/g,'<a tiddler="$2" href="javascript:;">$1</a>');
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var node=doc.selection.createRange().parentElement();
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IEeditor.doLink=function(doc,link){
doc.execCommand("createlink", false, link);
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IEeditor.beforeLinkPreProcessor = IEeditor.beforeLinkPreProcessor ? IEeditor.beforeLinkPreProcessor : IEeditor.preProcessor
IEeditor.preProcessor = function(text){
return IEeditor.beforeLinkPreProcessor(text).replace(/\[\[([^|\]]*)\|([^\]]*)]]/g,'<a ref="#$2">$1</a>');
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IEeditor.beforeLinkPostProcessor = IEeditor.beforelinkPostProcessor ? IEeditor.beforelinkPostProcessor : IEeditor.postProcessor;
IEeditor.postProcessor = function(text){
return IEeditor.beforeLinkPostProcessor(text).replace(/<a href="#([^>]*)">([^<]*)<\/a>/gi,"[[$2|$1]]");
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IEeditor.beforeLinkInitContent = IEeditor.beforeLinkInitContent ? IEeditor.beforeLinkInitContent : IEeditor.initContent;
IEeditor.initContent = function(doc,content){
IEeditor.beforeLinkInitContent(doc,content);
var links=doc.body.getElementsByTagName("A");
for (var cpt=0; cpt<links.length; cpt++) {
links[cpt].href=links[cpt].ref; //to avoid IE conversion of relative URLs to absolute
links[cpt].removeAttribute("ref");
}
}
config.shadowTiddlers.EasyEditToolBarStyleSheet += "\n/*{{{*/\n.easyEditorToolBar .createlinkButton .button {color:blue;text-decoration:underline;}\n/*}}}*/";
config.shadowTiddlers.EasyEditDocStyleSheet += "\n/*{{{*/\na {color:#0044BB;font-weight:bold}\n/*}}}*/";
//}}}
If your family income is $35 478 or less
If your family income is $35 478 or less you may be able to get the maximum rate of Child Care Benefit for approved care.
Table 1:
Maximum rate for non-school child Number of children in care Per week (for 50 hours of care) Per hour for each child
1 $168.50 $3.37
2 $352.17 ($176.08 per child) $3.52
3 $549.63 ($183.21 per child) $3.66
Maximum rate for a school child is 85 per cent of the maximum non-school child rate.
Source: [[Family Assistance Office : If your family income is $35 478 or less|http://www.familyassist.gov.au/internet/fao/fao1.nsf/content/payments-ccb-how_much-less_32485.htm]]
Home > What are the payments? > Child Care Benefit > How much can I get?
If your family income is more than $35 478
If your family's adjusted taxable income is in the income range shown in Table 2, you can get a part rate of Child Care Benefit. The part rate is worked out using your Child Care Benefit percentage.
Child Care Benefit Percentage
We work out your Child Care Benefit percentage from information you give us about:
* your family's estimated annual income; and
* the number of children you have in care.
The Child Care Benefit percentage decreases as a families income increases. For a personal assessment contact us.
Table 2:
Income limit beyond which only the minimum rate of Child Care Benefit is paid Number of Children in care Yearly family income
1 $108 434
2 $115 900
3 $131 570
add $23 031 for each extra child in care
If your family's income is higher than the amounts in Table 2, you will only be eligible for the minimum rate of Child Care Benefit.
Source: [[Family Assistance Office : If your family income is more than $35 478|http://www.familyassist.gov.au/internet/fao/fao1.nsf/content/payments-ccb-how_much-more_32485.htm]]
<html><div style="text-align: center;">..<iframe src="http://www.flickr.com/slideShow/index.gne?set_id=72157604048366098&" align="middle" frameborder="0" height="500" scrolling="no" width="500"></iframe>..<br><br><br><br></div></html>
Fed rescue of Bear Stearns raises specter of Depression-era crash
By Barry Grey
15 March 2008
Use this version to print | Send this link by email | Email the author
The Federal Reserve Board on Friday took emergency action to prevent the collapse of Bear Stearns, the fifth largest US investment bank and one of the world’s largest finance and brokerage houses.
Invoking a little-used provision added to the Federal Reserve Act in 1932, at the height of the Great Depression, the US central bank agreed to allow the Federal Reserve Bank of New York to insure an infusion of credit to Bear Stearns by JP Morgan Chase. Under the terms of the “secured loan facility,” to extend for up to 28 days, the risk of a default by Bear Stearns will be borne by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, not JP Morgan Chase. The latter will serve essentially as a conduit for the cash provided by the US central bank.
This mechanism was used because only commercial banks, so-called depository institutions, can borrow directly from the Fed’s discount window. Bear Stearns is not a depository bank, and hence the Fed was obliged to invoke a provision of the 1932 amendment to the Federal Reserve Act that applies when “unusual and exigent circumstances exist and the borrower is unable to secure adequate credit accommodations from other sources.”
The announcement of the Fed bailout sent shivers through Wall Street and shook financial markets around the world. It confirmed rumors that had been mounting over the past week that Bear Stearns, the second largest US underwriter of mortgage bonds, did not have the cash to meet claims by its creditors. The rescue operation came one day after the collapse of Carlyle Capital Corporation, a $22 billion publicly traded investment fund controlled by the Carlyle Group, long one of the most profitable and well-connected private equity firms in the US.
With the de facto collapse of Bear Stearns, however, the housing and credit market collapse has claimed one of the titans of Wall Street. Founded in 1923 and employing some 15,500 people worldwide, Bear Stearns was one of the “big five” Wall Street investment banks. In 2005-2007, Bear Stearns was recognized as the “Most Admired” securities firm in Fortune magazine’s “America’s Most Admired Companies” survey.
Last July, the collapse of two Bear Stearns hedge funds as a result of the bursting of the US housing bubble sparked a crisis of confidence in the credit system that has gathered steam and expanded in scope to threaten the viability of some of the biggest banks and financial institutions in the world. The worsening credit crunch has deepened the crisis in the housing market and the economy in general, plunging the US into a recession and wreaking havoc with the economies of Europe and Japan.
The news of the bailout sent share prices tumbling on Wall Street. The Dow Jones Industrial Average fell 194.65 points, a drop of 1.6 percent. The Standard & Poor’s 500 Index fared even worse, giving up 27.34 points (2.1 percent), while the Nasdaq Composite Index fell 51.12 points, or 2.3 percent.
Nine stocks fell for every one that rose, and the fears that other financial houses could follow Bear’s demise was reflected in a 4.1 percent fall in the Standard & Poor’s Financial Index. All 92 members of the index lost ground during the trading day.
Bear Stearns stock plunged $27, or 47 percent, to end the day at $30. Coming on the heels of a months-long slide in the bank’s stock price, yesterday’s panic sell-off reduced Bear Stearns’s market valuation to $4.1 billion, less than one-fifth the size of Lehman Brothers.
Indicative of the broader reverberations from the Bear Stearns collapse, the share price of Ambac Financial Group, the world’s second-largest bond insurer, fell 93 percent, on widespread fears that the company will not have sufficient capital to meet claims from its creditors.
The US dollar hit new lows against the euro and other currencies.
The Fed action on Friday confirmed speculation that its extraordinary announcement three days earlier that it would loan $200 billion in Treasury bonds to investment banks and brokerages and accept as collateral privately issued mortgage-backed securities—whose market value has plummeted—was a desperation measure aimed at forestalling the failure of a major Wall Street finance house.
Speaking of Friday’s Fed rescue operations, the Wall Street Journal Online wrote: “The timing of the move made its urgency clear: If Bear could have held out until March 27, it could have borrowed directly from the Fed itself under a new program announced just Tuesday.”
The maximum size of the loan is not predetermined, but is limited by how much collateral Bear Stearns can provide to satisfy the Fed’s requirements, officials said. The loan by no means assures Bear Stearns’s survival. More likely, it was granted in the hope that it would buy time for a more orderly disposition of the firm’s fate and head off a panic response by bankers and investors to its demise.
As the Wall Street Journal Online noted, “The developments could mean the end of independence for Bear, founded in 1923. JP Morgan said it is ‘working closely with Bear Stearns on securing permanent financing or other alternatives for the company’—Wall Street lingo for a sale of other strategic-level change—and CNBC reported that the bank is ‘actively being shopped’ to potential buyers.”
Officials at Standard & Poor’s and Moody’s Investor Services met Friday to discuss whether to downgrade Bear Stearns’s credit rating, and if so, by how much.
In its own statement on the bailout, Bear Stearns said, “The company can make no assurance that any strategic alternatives will be successfully completed.”
Carl Lantz, a strategist at Credit Suisse, said the intervention by the New York Fed and JP Morgan showed that Bear “didn’t have enough money to turn the light on this morning.”
Geoffrey Yu of UBS said, “I don’t think the market has seen anything of this magnitude before, such a big bank.”
Wall Street Journal columnist Peter A. McKay wrote: “For investors, the arrival of the Federal Reserve and JP Morgan Chase with a financial life raft for troubled Bear Stearns served primarily as a reminder of how murky and deep the waters of Wall Street’s credit crisis remain, with other market participants possibly drowning below the surface.”
The immediate fear motivating the Federal Reserve, the Treasury Department and Wall Street banks was the danger that an uncontrolled collapse of Bear Stearns would have a domino effect on already turbulent financial markets. Were Bear Stearns forced to sell off assets at fire-sale prices to raise cash needed to meet creditors’ demands, the value of untold billions in assets held by other financial institutions would drop, leading to more margin calls from creditors, further institutional collapses, more panic selling of debt and securities—a vicious spiral to the bottom with the potential of a breakdown in the entire capitalist financial system.
The temporary reprieve for Bear Stearns does not eliminate the potential for just such a scenario in the near future.
The underlying problem is the vast credit bubble that was inflated on the basis of reckless and intrinsically unviable home loans and other forms of speculation, including leveraged buyouts and a vast expansion in unregulated credit markets that delivered unsustainably high returns on investment. The immense fortunes amassed by the uppermost echelons of the US population on the basis of such parasitic financial operations have created, as their consequence, a social and economic disaster of historical proportions, threatening tens of millions of Americans, and hundreds of millions more people around the world, with pauperization.
President Bush, perhaps the consummate political personification of the social layer that benefited from the now-imploded speculative bubble, spoke Friday before the Economic Club of New York, only hours after the rescue of Bear Stearns had been announced. Moving from platitude to platitude, he declared the US economy “the envy of the world,” referred to the financial crisis as a “rough patch,” and reassured his audience that “in a free market, there’s going to be good times and bad times. That’s how markets work.”
The only substance of his remarks was opposition to any resurrection of government regulation of the banks, denunciation of proposals, such as the timid half-measures being advanced by congressional Democrats, to contain the growing wave of home foreclosures, and a restatement of the demand that his tax cuts for the wealthy be made permanent.
His speech did nothing to reassure the financial markets, which are too mired in crisis to buy into the fool’s paradise “optimism” of the commander in chief. Martin Feldstein, a conservative Republican who served for a time as Ronald Reagan’s chief economic adviser, summed up the growing sentiment in a speech to a conference in Florida. “I believe,” he said, “the US economy is now in recession. The situation is bad, it’s getting worse and the risks are that the situation could be very bad.”
See Also:
Gold and oil prices soar, dollar slumps, Carlyle Group fund collapses
[14 March 2008]
US Federal Reserve injects $200 billion into credit markets to avert financial meltdown
[13 March 2008]
Source: [[Fed rescue of Bear Stearns raises specter of Depression-era crash|http://www.wsws.org/articles/2008/mar2008/bear-m15.shtml]]
Get your fix today?
Wednesday: Plenty of new stuff today.............
Welcome new Gallery sponsor Condor Cycles from London with eight (yes 8) distinctly different fixedgear/track bikes. Thanks for your support Condor.
Next up is the information page for our coverage of the 2008 Track World Championships from Manchester, UK that starts next week. Get yourself acquainted with the different events HERE.
Tuesday: The 7th Chapter of Bob's Garage is up for today.
Sunday's Hot News: Results for the Handmade Show voting are HERE
Weekend: Up for your weekend enjoyment is a review of the new 1,150 cu in Banjo Bros. Messenger Bag
AND.....our apologies for somehow missing them at the HandMade Show...Conor Buescher and Garrett Clark of Vendetta Cycles from Corvallis, Oregon ....See their work HERE.
Friday: Up today is a great interview of Rich Craig from ProWheelBuilder.com that was done by our Staff Writer, Bill Palladino just a couple weeks ago. Get it here
Monday: Handmade Show Contest !
We know that most of you didn't get to go to the Handmade Bike Show in Portland earlier this month, and we wanted our coverage to be as close as possible to you being there. Then we thought: "The builders got to vote, the people who went to the show got to vote, so how about our viewers too?"
So have fun and VOTE HERE.
Friday's Lotsa News: We've received our UCI Press Accreditation and we'll be providing some exclusive coverage from the World Track Championships in Manchester, UK at the end of this month. For many of you who have only a limited exposure to professional track racing our goal is to give you an inside view of the competitors, the various events, and of course, the bicycles. Stay tuned, we'll be getting you up to speed during the rest of the month.
We're almost done with our coverage of the Handmade Bike Show, just a couple more builders to feature - but pay attention on Monday, we've got something special brewed up.
Lastly: Many of you know that my biggest cycling event of the year is the National 24Hr Challenge in the middle of June - I've done it 11 or 12 years now, and 2008 is gonna see me riding with a vengence to see if I can't get that elusive 350 miles.
BUT, we also want to get you some coverage of the World Cycle Messenger Championships from Toronto and they are the same weekend.... so we're looking for someone to act as a correspondent for us. Low pay, big badge, that sort of thing. Let me know.
Tuesday: Up today is our review, by Staff Writer Marsha Ungluisri of some women's spring cycle clothing Endura Cyclewear - Knickers, Jacket & Top Baselayer
. click above to see the show
Pick your favorites...... VOTE HERE.
Weekend....Vendetta Cycles.
Added last week:Naked, VelocityUSA, Ritchey Components, Kirk Frameworks, Courage Cycles, Yipsan Bicycles, Keith Anderson Cycles, Paul Components, Independent Fab, Strong Frames, Selle An-Atomica, Roark, Cicli Polito, Llewellyn Cycles, Pegoretti, Co-Motion, Rich Adams, Pass & Stow, DeSalvo, Vanilla, Rene Herse, Ground Up Designs, Nobilette Cycles, Zullo Bici, Orlieb-Tubus, Land Shark Cycles, Don Walker Cycles, Hufnagel Bicycles, Cloud Nine, Arantix, Bilenky Cycle Works, Proletariat Bicycles, Luna Cycles, Renovo Hardwood Bicycles, Paragon Machine Works, Villin Cycle Works, Wheel Fanatyk, Chris King, King Cage, Frances Cycles, Broakland, Sadilah, Ahearne Cycles, SyCip Design, Steve Rex, ANT, Soulcraft, Rue Sports, Litton Cycles, Retrotec, Townsend Cycles, 333 Fab, Calfee Design, Cane Creek Cycling Components, Rebolledo Cycles, Brooks, Brian Baylis, Phil Wood & Co. and Grognard Bicycles.
Interbike 2007 Coverage. Everything you'd want to see.
Submit your photos HERE.
Put your marque in the message bar and tell us where you live. Typically your page will appear in 6-8 days. scott@mittenwine.com
This gallery is supported through your generous donations.
Chapter 6 is now up .. Chapter 7 coming Mar 10th.
March Review Endura Cyclewear
February Review Blaze SuperFlash LED Headlight. Nice.
January Review Axiom Streamliner Rear Rack
December Review Don Walker Frameset
November Review Alien Bike's Crankset
November Review Alien Bike's Wheelset
October Review Planetbike Blaze & Superflash
October Review Planetbike Red Zeppelin
October Review 2008 Schwinn Madison
September Review NYCBikes: Dorothy 3
September Review Milwaukee Cream City
August Review Clemente Guard
July Review Portland Knickers
July Review Crumpler Messenger Backpack
July Review IRO Jamie Roy & Angus
June Review HotVeloCiti Jersey
June Review Loeka Shorts and Top
June Review Endura Zyme Shorts
May Review Chrome Backbone Backpack
May Review Knog Bullfrog LED Tail Light
May Review Soma Noah's Arc Handlebar
May Review Maxxis Courcheval Tires.
April Review - BLT Firewire & Ozone LED Lights
April Interview - Johnny Coast
April Review - Banjo Bros Commuter BackPack
April Review - 13 Different Pedals/Clips/Straps
April Review - Ortlieb Messenger BackPack
April Review - '07 Schwinn Madison
March Review - Shain BK100 helmet
March Review - Surly CrossCheck
February Review - eMotion Rollers
February Review - EAI Bareknuckle
January Review - Three Hip Bags
January Review - EAI Pro SuperTool
>>>> More Reviews
Riding Fixed Off-Road. by Jesse Ratzkin - How he did it.
Converting a Surly MTB Disc Front Hub by Will Williamson
Altoid Toolbox By Dennis Bean-Larson
Fixed From Old Freehub By Jussi Panula
Alita's bike One year after the 2005 Symposium. Just keeping it going. By Dennis Bean-Larson
Converting an Sram P5 Hub
Three speed fixed gear. By Graham Webster
Gear Inch Calculator
Know teeth, want gear? Calculate your gear/inch. Thanks Steve
Cadence Calculator
Know speed, gear? Calculate your cadence. Thanks Steve
Wheelbuilding with Arup Sen
Tips, ideas, and help for building wheels
Remove Anodizing & Polish Some Parts
High polish is pretty easy - dennis
Disc Hub Conversion
MTB front disc hub to rear fg hub - Tom Chow
Diamond Handlebar Wrap
by fixedrider
Making a rechargable water bottle battery
by Steve Ruane
>>>> More Tech Articles
Art Series & Vintage Photos.
Thanks to everyone who sent in these images.
24 Hours of Fixed Gear Gallery Forum.
Thanks All.
Seen In Amsterdam
Thanks Martin
Only in Russia
From Jammy
Newspaper article by Jeff is here
Fixed Gear Bikes at Paris-Brest-Paris
Photos from Thien Tran.
3Rensho Catalogue (pdf format)
from Julie Eisenhardt.
Skills Only Found In China
Only from Evan Marks
Sept, 2005 LA Times Article about FG Bikes
By John Balzar
A NYC Century
from Danny Eagle.
Photos from San Francisco
by Sam Campbell.
Square Wheels ?
Sent in by Bill Smith.
Kevin Heyse's Dream
100% digital.
SkiBike
by Matt and Nils.
Hey, we built a Kangaroo bike!
by Chip Haynes.
More Detroit
by Lynn Forrest & Scott Berthel.
AZ Fixed Ol' Farts (Dry Heat Fixies)
From Craig Montgomery.
>>>> More Photo Stories
Website Facts.......
We currently have over 6,200 individual webpages displaying over 55,000 photos. A typical month has viewers from 100 countries viewing 3.5 million pages.
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Thanks to Orion Buckminster Montoya
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Please check your image sizes before sending, to make sure they are not sideways my processor doesn't rotate them. Also bear in mind that I have a backlog of about 1 week right now. Your bike should appear in 6-8 days - and tell us where you live and what the marque your bike is, ok?
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your wednesday fix
7,036 Seen in NYC 3/08
7,035 ?'s Earl Henry 3/08
7,034 Lauren's Specialized 3/08
7,033 Jason Cook's Shogun 3/08
7,032 England's Monkey Wards 3/08
7,031 Joe Pesci's Schwinn 3/08
7,030 Byron Davy's Avanti 3/08
7,029 Rich McQuail's Mercier 3/08
7,028 Jason Arnold's Motobecane 3/08
Art Series
your tuesday fix
7,027 Alex Wirth;s Peugeot 3/08
7,026 Aaron Dougal's Lou Tondu 3/08
7,025 Ken Giesbrecht's IRO 3/08
7,024 Justine's Fuji 3/08
7,023 Max's Leader 3/08
7,022 Perry Finley's Vista 3/08
7,021 Tech's Maruishi 3/08
7,020 Alex VanSickle's Dolan 3/08
7,019 Darryl Bailey's Steyr 3/08
7,018 Alex Plommer's Diamond Back 3/08
your monday fix
7,017 Phil DeCoy's Fuji 3/08
7,016 John Madcharo's Rossin 3/08
7,015 Justin's Trek 3/08
7,014 Dietmar Wachtmann's Kona 3/08
7,013 Kyle Davidson's American 3/08
7,012 Sammy's Vifian 3/08
your friday fix
7,011 Jack Banner's Dolan 3/08
7,010 Tech's Maruishi 3/08
7,009 Jason Borden's Trek 3/08
7,008 Jean-Francois Paquin's Energy 3/08
7,007 Andrew Powers' Tunturi 3/08
7,006 Brian Lindsay's Schwinn 3/08
7,005 Thomas Magee's Olmo 3/08
7,004 Jarrod Moore's Giant 3/08
Art Series [+] [+]
your thursday fix
7,003 Petr's Kona 3/08
7,002 Kirk Bassingthwaighte's Sparton 3/08
7,001 Mark's Fetish 3/08
7,000 Jeff Frane's Capricorn 3/08
6,999 Brian Harris' Centurion 3/08
6,998 John Baybay's Basso 3/08
6,997 Luke Ngakane's Thorn 3/08
6,996 Tim Holsgrove's Claud Butler 3/08
Around the World with Annie
3282 Ryan Matheson's Motobecane
2825 Jim Fietz' Raleigh
515 James Egolf's Raleigh
your wednesday fix
6,995 David Sosna's Raleigh 3/08
6,994 Mark Pimentel's Schwinn 3/08
6,993 Mat Baker's Wilier 3/08
6,992 Jon Fisher's Peugeot 3/08
6,991 Cab's Raleigh 3/08
6,990 Sam Worley's Bianchi 3/08
6,989 Sam Worley's GT 3/08
6,988 Sam Worley's Fetish 3/08
Art Series [+] [+]
your tuesday fix
6,987 Qua's Schwinn 3/08 V
6,986 Jacob Rønfeldt's Fort 3/08
6,985 Mitch's Erba 3/08
6,984 Akasha Barickman's Pake 3/08
6,983 Dave Schenker's Peugeot 3/08
6,982 Seen in Portland 3/08
6,981 Seen in Traverse City 3/08
6,980 Seen in Boise 3/08
6,979 Jonathan Kaplan's GT 3/08
6,978 Nate's Austro-Daimler 3/08
your monday fix
6,977 Tolman's Nishiki 3/08
6,976 Mark Noad's JC Higgins 3/08
6,975 Phil Lalemant's Reynolds 3/08
6,974 Brian Garner's Schwinn 3/08
6,973 Dan C's Trek 3/08
6,972 Dan Michau's Motobecane 3/08
6,971 Scully's ? 3/08
6,970 Ian Nigh's Own 3/08
6,969 Ryan Seward's Scattante 3/08
6,968 Karl Hall's tish 3/08
6,967 Sina's KHS 3/08
your friday fix
6,966 Franklyn Wu's On-One 3/08
6,965 John Williams' ? 3/08
6,964 Lawrence Mendiola's Caballo 3/08
6,963 EA's Malvern Star 3/08 V
6,962 Dustin Cocco's GT 3/08
6,961 Gregory Gallardo's Milwaukee 3/08
6,960 Becca Sheade's Trek 3/08
6,959 Chad Wilkes' Shogun 3/08
6,958 Leon Webster's Raleigh 3/08
6,957 Adam Karch's Schwinn 3/08
your thursday fix
6,956 Erica Frumin's Nishiki 3/08
6,955 Mark Boyce's Corrado 3/08
6,954 Sean Erickson's ? 3/08
6,953 ?'s Giant 3/08
6,952 Jeremy Bidwell's Raleigh 3/08
6,951 Javier Jurado's Fuji 3/08
6,950 Alex's Takhion 3/08
6,948 Mauro Valenti's Inmeno 3/08
6,948 Marcelo Rodrigues's Cannondale 3/08
6,947 Christopher Lighthall's Uni 3/08
Around the World with Annie
2939 Nick Hendrix' Miyata
2614 Eddie Miller's Gitane
2112 Evan's Denti
your wednesday fix
6,946 Mike's Specialized 3/08
6,945 Wyles Vance's Motobecane 3/08
6,944 David R's Miyata 3/08
6,943 Kitty Crossbones' Schwinn 3/08
6,942 Steve Srubas' Carlton 3/08
6,941 Kitty Crossbones' Peugeot 3/08
6,940 Jason Gardner's Schwinn 3/08
6,939 Brooklyn's 3Rensho 3/08
6,938 Chris Danz' Caribou 3/08
6,937 Miranda Anderson's Nishiki 3/08
6,936 Stefano Taricani's ? 3/08
6,935 Micke Keysendal's Nishiki 3/08
your tuesday fix
6,934 Jason Moore's Milwaukee 3/08
6,932 Chris Buerkle's Austro-Daimler 3/08
6,931 Danny Wainright's Bianchi 3/08
6,930 Kurt Docksey's Claud Butler 3/08 V
6,929 Brandon Lee's Giant 3/08
6,928 Spencer Hanley's Bianchi 3/08
6,927 Cale Hendricks' Cannondale 3/08
6,926 Michal Pochopien's Orowski 3/08
6,925 Tim's Kona 3/08
6,924 Tom Bentley's Apollo 3/08
6,923 ?'s Mercier 3/08
6,922 Trevor Emond's Batavus 3/08
your monday fix
6,921 Ian Summers' Trek 3/08
6,920 Carl Harris' Ep-X 3/08
6,919 Liv Mershon's Fuji 3/08
6,918 Mike's Armstrong 3/08
6,917 Mike's Griffen 3/08
6,916 Andy Phenix' Schwinn 3/08
6,915 Patrick Cohen's Windsor 3/08
6,914 Graham's IRO 3/08
6,913 XC's Schwinn 3/08
6,912 Devin's Nishiki 3/08
6,911 Peyton's Trek 3/08
Weekend Update
your friday fix
6,910 Kirk Bassingthwaighte's BrassKnuckle 2/08
6,909 Benjamin Petersen's hwinn 2/08
6,908 Matt Morgan's Raleigh 2/08
6,907 Stephen Frisby's Pearson 2/08
6,906 Matt Talley's Raleigh 2/08
6,905 Daniel Helms' ? 2/08
6,904 H Heiliger's Cilo 2/08
6,903 Seen in Colombia 2/08
6,902 Michael Benner's Masi 2/08
6,901 Aimar Angitia's Amaro 2/08
6,900 Chad Hulbert's IRO 2/08
6,899 Linus Owen-Garni's Eisentraut 2/08
6,898 Adrian Fine's Univega 2/08
6,897 Marshall Battani's chwinn 2/08
Vintage Series [+] [+]
your thursday fix
6,896 Richard Barnwall's Affinity 2/08
6,895 Dave Farkas' Peugeot 2/08
6,894 Jop Wielens's Dolan 2/08
6,893 Gino Estacio's ? 2/08
6,892 Simon Lee's Specialized 2/08
6,891 Paolo Sanguankeo's Surly 2/08
6,890 Ives Harz' Eastgerman 2/08
6,889 John Lillies' Specialized 2/08
6,888 Brandon's Schwinn 2/08
6,887 Aaron Last's Avanti 2/08
6,886 Sam Shapiro's Raleigh 2/08
6,885 Dan Mitchell's Catamount 2/08
6,884 Jason Schultz's Free Spirit 2/08
Around the World with Annie
2103 Eric Norris' Quickbeam
2058 Chris Kostman's Woodrup
1587 Greg Snyder's Schwinn
your wednesday fix
6,883 Tim Osborne's Shorter 2/08
6,882 Heidi's Schwinn 2/08
6,881 Mike's Joe Waugh 2/08
6,880 Paul Teather's Cleveland 2/08
6,879 Paul Sherwood's Vetta 2/08
6,878 James Tomasino's Motobecane 2/08
6,877 Luke Edwards's Jamis 2/08
6,876 Richard Craig's Litespeed 2/08
6,875 Don Butt's ? 2/08
6,874 Robbert vanOverdijk's Gitane 2/08
6,874 Michael Baker's Centurion 2/08
6,873 Aaron Cole's Peugeot 2/08
Art Series [+] [+]
your tuesday fix
6,872 Bill Crowe's Soma 2/08
6,871 Jackie-Rae's Stinsmen 2/08
6,870 Tim Stratz' Pake 2/08
6,869 Bryan Jones' Mercier 2/08
6,868 Greg Oyler's Mercier 2/08
6,867 Rudolph Luciani's Surly 2/08
6,866 Tim Heyes' Kona 2/08
6,865 Zackery Stover's Somec 2/08
6,864 Lim's Surly 2/08
6,863 Jeffrey Carter's Independent Fab 2/08
your monday fix
6,862 James B.Lee's KHS 2/08
6,861 Nick Olson's ? 2/08
6,860 Dan Watkins' Nishiki 2/08
6,859 Chris Blazer's Giant 2/08
6,858 Dan Swick's KHS 2/08
6,857 Mike Smith's Peugeot 2/08
6,856 Miguel Garay's Panasonic 2/08
6,855 Christopher Totten's Schwinn 2/08
6,854 Ethan Furniss' Surly 2/08
6,853 Jeff Anderson's Kona 2/08
6,852 Jacob Rønfeldt's Stowe 2/08
Weekend Update
your friday fix
6,851 Raliegh's Raleigh 2/08
6,850 Dominic's Serotta 2/08
6,849 Tim Dine's Fondriest 2/08
6,848 Richie Andrew's Fuji 2/08
6,847 Conrad Cunningham's Peugeot 2/08
6,846 Lou Larsen's Fuji 2/08
6,845 Eddie Martinez' Leader 2/08
6,844 Alex Herman's Fuji 2/08
6,843 Mike Cola's Repco 2/08
Art Series [+]
your thursday fix
6,842 Katie's Pake 2/08
6,841 Jean-Simon Charland's IRO 2/08
6,840 Noel Paz' Bianchi 2/08
6,839 Gerard Gueco's ? 2/08
6,838 Todd Brookhiser's Trek 2/08
6,837 Keene Kopper's IRO 2/08
6,836 Matt Bryson's Geoff Clark 2/08
6,835 Ian Mortimer's ? 2/08
6,834 Bob Goodman's GT 2/08
6,833 Peter Hyde's Independent Fab 2/08
6,832 Tom Yersak's Own 2/08
Around the World with Annie
6551 Sam Guttman's Bob Jackson
6170 Tom Sharp's Bob Jackson
588 Jeff Odland's Waterford
your wednesday fix
6,830-31 Jeff Palmer's Two 2/08
6,829 Seen in London 2/08
6,828 Lance Morgan's Gary Fisher 2/08
6,827 Thyna Mao's Cannondale 2/08
6,826 D. Warden's Nishiki 2/08
6,825 Joshua's Gitane 2/08
6,824 ?'s Mazzotti 2/08
6,823 Kamil's Peugeot 2/08
6,822 Travis Guidry's Raleigh 2/08
Art Series [+]
your tuesday fix
6,821 Roger's Trek 2/08
6,820 J. Powers' Univega 2/08
6,819 Zac Fleckner's Surly 2/08
6,818 Jonathan Gentle's Charge 2/08
6,817 Seen 2/08
6,816 Jade OConnor's Moser 2/08
6,815 Michael Goeden's NYCBike 2/08
6,814 Brian Sain's Fuji 2/08
6,813 Michael Benton's Gean 2/08
your monday fix
6,812 James Jin's IRO 2/08
6,811 Eric Reeves' Astra 2/08
6,810 Raffaele Bonadio's Chesini 2/08
6,809 Nick Ledeboer's Fuji 2/08
6,808 Jag's Schwinn 2/08
6,807 Mike Krutel's Panasonic 2/08
6,806 Ethan Faber's Schwinn 2/08
6,805 Coleman Morris-Goodrick's Motobecane 2/08
Weekend Update [+]
your friday fix
6,804 Thomas Fanghaenel's Cannondale 2/08
6,803 Mark Tatum's Raleigh 2/08
6,802 Thomas Richter's Patria 2/08
6,801 Renato Losio's ? 2/08
6,800 Eric Wang's Schwinn 2/08
6,799 Tori Wentworth's Bridgestone 2/08
6,798 ?'s Giant 2/08
6,797 Alex Herman's Fuji 2/08
6,796 Chris Rothery's Panasonic 2/08
6,795 Chris Carter's Raleigh 2/08
6,794 Christopher Ibarra's SE 2/08
your thursday fix
6,793 Ron Moon's Schwinn 2/08
6,792 Tjalling's Shogun 2/08
6,791 Ian Nigh's IRO 2/08
6,790 Rick Fox's Mirella 2/08
6,789 Tim Gray's Yamaguchi 2/08
6,788 Richie Andrew's Fuji 2/08
Around the World with Annie
3393 Stuart Thomas's Sweetman
2969 Christopher Wright's Schwinn
2371 Ed Foster's Soma
your wednesday fix
6,787 Simon Andrews' ? 2/08
6,786 Nino's Faggin 2/08
6,785 Kevan's Cannondale 2/08
6,784 Kevan's Motobecane 2/08
6,783 Louis Radie's Surly 2/08
6,782 Al Morales' Peugeot 2/08
6,781 James Mason's 3Rensho 2/08
Art Series [+]
your tuesday fix
6,780 Brad Goodwin's Nishiki 2/08
6,779 Sergio's Bareknuckle 2/08
6,778 Lukas Beckmann's Markenrad 2/08 V
6,777 Mark Smith's Charge 2/08
6,776 Joe Petrick's Raleigh 2/08
6,775 Paul Langway's Schwinn 2/08
6,774 Buddy's Schwinn 2/08
your monday fix
6,773 Alex Lietzan's Schwinn 2/08
6,772 Guy Kelso's Pake 2/08
6,771 Simon's ? 2/08
6,770 Kensuke Arai's 2/08
6,769 Gianluca Pizzinga's ? 2/08
6,768 Mark Alexander's On-One 2/08
6,767 Isaac Enloe's Univega 2/08
6,766 Chris Wong's Bridgestone 2/08
6,765 Tim Smith's KHS 2/08
Weekend Update [+]
your friday fix
6,764 Golab's Gianni Motta 2/08
6,763 Richarda Brassard's Eddy Merckx 2/08
6,762 James Carver's ? 2/08
6,761 Mike Tobin's Condor 2/08
6,760 Niko Stumpo's Bianchi 2/08
6,759 Sean Lawrence's Vivalo 2/08
6,758 Justin Pruitt's IRO 2/08
your thursday fix
6,757 Robert Bland's Raleigh 2/08
6,756 MC's IRO 2/08
6,755 Dominique Partin's Veloce 2/08
6,754 Gareth Parry's ? 2/08
6,753 Ashton's LeveL 2/08
6,752 Carl Gumeson's Nishiki 2/08
6,751 James OToole's IRO 2/08
6,750 Brian Bostwick's Benotto 2/08
Around the World with Annie
2324 Sheldon Brown's Gunnar
27 Sheldon Brown's Piccio FG Tandem
your wednesday fix
6,749 Peter Hepp's Cannondale 2/08
6,748 Jacob Vos' Raleigh 2/08
6,747 Dustin Urizar's Peugeot 2/08
6,746 Lorenzo Lazzari's Atala 2/08
6,745 Ralph Symbleme's Tribune 2/08
6,744 Luca Urbani's De Visini 2/08
6,743 Sambaus' Corbetta 2/08
6,742 Tim Wilkey's Charge 2/08
Art Series [+]
your tuesday fix
6,741 Raphael Bartke's Fixie Inc 2/08
6,740 Tony Patnode's Fuji 2/08
6,739 Jasper Schriber's Soma 2/08
6,738 Alex Slaughter's KHS 2/08
6,737 Richard Edwards' Cannondale 2/08
6,736 ?'s Ausrtro-Daimler 2/08
6,735 David Baddley's BMC 2/08
6,734 Keith Young's Own 2/08
your monday fix
6,733 Margo Conover's Luna 2/08
6,732 Zach Kingsland's Panasonic 2/08
6,731 Sam Cordes' Motobecane 2/08
6,730 Ju's Peugeot 2/08
6,729 Dan Bunnskog's Motobecane 2/08
6,728 CR Walton's Sentinel 2/08
6,727 Frank Parrish's Pinarello 2/08
6,726 Thomas Sharpe's Bob Jackson 2/08
6,725 Bill Zimmerman's Atala 2/08
6,724 Paul Boalsburg's GT 2/08
Weekend Update
your friday fix
6,723 Steven Turner's Schwinn 1/08
6,722 Seen in Tel Aviv 1/08
6,721 Andrew Rockman's Sunbeam 1/08
6,720 Joe Petersen's Soma 1/08
6,719 Jake Morris's Specialized 1/08
6,718 Tony Goodwin's KHS 1/08
6,717 Jim Clark's Soma 1/08
your thursday fix
6,716 Andrew Wagerer's nesis 1/08
6,715 Haydn Paynter's KHS 1/08
6,714 Spiet's ? 1/08
6,713 Scott Vakos' Windseo 1/08
6,712 Tex's 3Rensho 1/08
6,711 Brad Parker's Schwinn 1/08
6,710 Michael Davis-Yates's Pro Cyclery 1/08
6,709 Ethan Cochran's ? 1/08
6,708 Marlin's Gary Fisher 1/08
Around the World with Annie
2260 Steven's Ciocc
2069 Fabian Falconett's Ciocc
1500 Garret Chow's Ciocc
your wednesday fix
6,707 Oliver Russell's On-One 1/08
6,706 Daniel Frankenfield's Miyata 1/08
6,705 Casey McClure's Peugeot 1/08
6,704 Thyna Mao's Benotto 1/08
6,703 Thyna Mao's Pake 1/08
6,702 Michael Young's Schwinn 1/08
6,701 Mr. Jenkins's Schwinn 1/08
6,700 Arvinder Mangat's Lemond 1/08
your tuesday fix
6,699 Ira Stevenson's Specialized 1/08
6,698 Liz Trenholme's Mercier 1/08
6,697 Carl McDonald's Peugeot 1/08
6,696 Trevor Anderson's Schwinn 1/08
6,695 Erik Batson's Schwinn 1/08
6,694 Seen in Portland 1/08
6,693 Mark Mangio's Specialized 1/08
6,692 Austin M's Specialized 1/08
your monday fix
6,691 Bob Delaney's IRO 1/08
6,690 J. Loewinsohn's Motobecane 1/08
6,689 Andrew Brose's Schwinn 1/08
6,688 Andy Wills' Alf Webb 1/08
6,687 Michael Hammond's Devo 1/08
6,686 Bob Deihl's Austro-Daimler 1/08
6,685 Scott Sweeney's Kona 1/08
6,684 Sayer Danforth's Bianchi 1/08
6,683 Christian Feldhake's Torelli 1/08
6,682 Scott Spencer's Ed Litton 1/08
Weekend Update
your friday fix
6,681 Seen in DC 1/08
6,680 Dru's Raleigh 1/08
6,679 Ryan Salamon's Bareknuckle 1/08
6,678 Josh Woodard's Kona 1/08
6,677 Tres Wilson's Pake 1/08
6,676 Sergio's Bianchi 1/08
6,675 Eric Nichols' Gary Fisher 1/08
Vintage Series
your thursday fix
6,674 Daniel Woodall's ivega 1/08
6,673 ?'s Colnago 1/08
6,672 John Williams' Claud Butler 1/08
6,671 Yorgo's Geliano 1/08
6,670 Damien Morrison's Schwinn 1/08
6,669 James Stevenson's Huffy 1/08
6,668 Åsgeir Sundan's Peugeot 1/08
Around the World with Annie
2565 John M's Bianchi
2551 Jeffrey Kelley's bike
1280 Bryan Carroll's Mercian
your wednesday fix
6,667 Carlos Merle's Trek 1/08
6,666 Stuart Townsley's Schwinn 1/08
6,665 Brian Rickett's Centurion 1/08
6,664 Ian Clampett's Masi 1/08
6,663 Dude's ? 1/08
6,662 Jake Swift's Raleigh 1/08
6,661 Larry Hall's IRO 1/08
6,660 Hector Rogers' Giant 1/08
6,659 Evan Giannobile's Miyata 1/08
Art Series [+]
your tuesday fix
6,658 Clifford Ward's Specialized 1/08
6,657 Andy's Schwinn 1/08
6,656 Robin's Rand 1/08
6,655 Ben's Schwinn 1/08
6,654 Micaiah Johnson's Sparton 1/08
6,653 Allison's Schwinn 1/08
6,652 Torbjörn Olofsson's Specialized 1/08
6,651 Mark Bauman's Malvern Star 1/08 V
6,650 Matthew Schulte's Schwinn 1/08
6,649 Carlo's Priori 1/08
your monday fix
6,648 Pie's Trek 1/08
6,647 Willis Wong's Schwinn 1/08
6,646 Samuel Kidron's Lambert 1/08
6,645 Sean ONeill's Bianchi 1/08
6,644 Brody Polinsky's Viner 1/08
6,643 Brody Polinsky's Crammerotti 1/08
6,642 Powell's Centurion 1/08
your friday fix
6,641 Thom Ward's Schwinn 1/08
6,640 Andy Smith's Schwinn 1/08
6,639 Eric N's Motobecane 1/08
6,638 Zack Beatty's Raleigh 1/08
6,637 Adriano Lombardo's Condor 1/08
6,636 Alex Rains' ? 1/08
6,635 James Karst's Raleigh 1/08
6,634 Tom Daly's Schwinn 1/08
6,633 Fritz Abrahamson's KHS 1/08
your thursday fix
6,632 CB Fellerhoff's Diamondback 1/08
6,631 Zach B's ? 1/08
6,630 Matthew Bernhardt's Bianchi 1/08
6,629 Pieter VanderWel's van Herwerden 1/08
6,628 Nathan's Pendle 1/08
6,627 Daniel Bauman's Univega 1/08
6,626 Garrett Ilardi's Giant 1/08
6,625 Chris Baker's Zipp 1/08
Around the World with Annie
2244 Eric Sellers' Bob Jackson
1978 Andrew Jarmain's Claud Butler
1812 Humphrey's Surly
your wednesday fix
6,624 Tim Lynd's Nishiki 1/08
6,623 Benjamin VanLoon's Pake 1/08
6,622 Alec Chipman's IRO 1/08
6,621 Will Watts' Own 1/08
6,620 Arjen Toering's Condor 1/08
6,619 Tobias Uhlich's Gazelle 1/08
6,618 Ryan Stanis' KHS 1/08
6,617 Donald Mutina's Paris 1/08
Art Series
your tuesday fix
6,616 Tom G's Raleigh 1/08
6,615 Tom G's Univega 1/08
6,614 Francis Fortin's Norco 1/08
6,613 Raymond Walker's Ross 1/08
6,612 Tye Worthington's Schwinn 1/08
6,611 Bob Gontarski's Raleigh 1/08
6,610 Jason Graver's Trek 1/08
6,609 Phil Barge's Own 1/08
your monday fix
6,608 Billy Burch's Schwinn 1/08
6,607 Sean OBrien's Univega 1/08
6,606 Graham L's Surly 1/08
6,605 Anssi Lilja's ? 1/08
6,604 Paul's Surly 1/08
6,603 Lucian Foehr's Tommaso 1/08
6,602 Jeffrey Frey's Milwaukee 1/08
6,601 David Morisset's Fetish 1/08
Weekend Update
your friday fix
6,600 Erik's Sherpa 1/08
6,599 Gabez' Orange 1/08
6,598 Eric Davis' Sparton 1/08
6,597 Jason Stratton's Schwinn 1/08
6,596 Steve's Specialized 1/08
6,595 Steve's Coppi 1/08
6,594 Hale's Fuji 1/08
6,593 Dylan May's Gazelle 1/08
your thursday fix
6,592 David Warren's ? 1/08
6,591 Samuel Cunningham's Mercier 1/08
6,590 Andy's ? 1/08
6,589 Yant Martin-Keyte's Kestrel 1/08
6,588 Ben Oliver's Gillott 1/08
6,587 Darby Collier's Maruishi 1/08
6,586 Beard Papa's Surly 1/08
Around the World with Annie
3143 Matthew McHugh's SLX
2756 Bob Lombardo's Carlton
718 Ian Parkinson's SJS
your wednesday fix
6,585 Rachel Alves' Nishiki 1/08
6,584 ?'s Sekai 1/08
6,583 Andrew Williams' Miyata 1/08
6,582 Rafael Smutny's Peugeot 1/08
6,581 Eric Freyer's Fuji 1/08
6,580 Rudy Aragon's Bianchi 1/08
6,579 Seen in San Francisco 1/08
6,578 David Russitano's Mercier 1/08
Art Series
your tuesday fix
6,577 Jacob Bouchard's Own 1/08
6,576 Blake Miller's Motobecane 1/08
6,575 G Galland's Motobecane 1/08
6,574 Eric Totten's IRO 1/08
6,573 Alan Sikiric's Bilenky 1/08
6,572 Alan Sikiric's Yamaguchi 1/08
6,571 Alan Sikiric's Mercian 1/08
6,570 Alan Sikiric's Bianchi 1/08
6,569 Jonathan Mellows's Bianchi 1/08
your monday fix
6,568 Dietmar Wachtmann's Kona 1/08
6,567 Pedram Parasmand's Raleigh 1/08
6,566 Jason Hillman's Schwinn 1/08
6,565 Shapathanal Daly's KHS 1/08
6,564 Simon May's Bianchi 1/08
6,563 Simon Middleton's Carlton 1/08
6,562 Robert Simon's Masi 1/08
6,561 Simon May's IRO 1/08
6,560 Simon Caver's Azuki 1/08
Weekend Update [+]
your friday fix
6,559 John Goolsky's ? 1/08
6,558 Richard Smith's Bareknuckle 1/08
6,557 Dick Leggs' ? 1/08
6,556 Sean Burns' Nashbar 1/08
6,555 Brad Hunt's Puch 1/08
6,554 Peter Barrett's Windsor 1/08
6,553 Stephen's Raleigh 1/08
your thursday fix
6,552 Jimmy Deaton's Fuji 1/08
6,551 Sam Guttman's Bob Jackson 1/08
6,550 Chris Merrill's Bottecchia 1/08
6,549 Krzysztof Poradzinski's Tempo 1/08
6,548 Loris' Orbea 1/08
6,547 Zach Kingsland's Miyata 1/08
6,546 Logan Miller's Colnago 1/08
6,545 Stuart Sanders's Peugeot 1/08
Around the World with Annie
1589 Mike Novo's Rossin
838 Andrew Love's Klein
99 Lynn Forrest's Cinelli
your wednesday fix
6,544 Axel Ringelschwandtner's Brennabor V
6,543 Ben Swankie's Kuwahara 1/08
6,542 Joseph Sandoval's Colnago 1/08
6,541 Ryan Hunt's Specialized 1/08
6,540 Robyn Blake's Univega 1/08
6,539 Drew W's Pinarello 1/08
6,538 Stuart Townsley's Cannondale 1/08
Art Series
your tuesday fix
6,537 Jeff Pryor's Schwinn 1/08
6,536 Tess' Schwinn 1/08
6,535 Cactus' Schwinn 1/08
6,534 Mike Dewes' Schwinn 1/08
6,533 Jake Schoellkopf's Schwinn 1/08
6,532 Adam Eldridge's Schwinn 1/08
6,531 Rich Mal's Schwinn 1/08
Archives - click to see.
2,171 Bikes Submitted in 2007 (4358 to 6530)
1,458 Bikes Submitted in 2006 (2867 to 4358)
1,418 Bikes Submitted in 2005 (1448 to 2866)
1,041 Bikes Submitted in 2004 (590 to 1447)
406 Bikes Submitted in 2003 (184 to 589)
131 Bikes Submitted in 2002 (52 to 183)
51 Bikes Submitted in 2001 (FGG #1 to 51)
What the Gallery looked like seven years ago is here
All long-sleeved Tees are on sale at One Gear - Take'a look.
advertising rates
Source: [[Fixed Gear Gallery|http://www.fixedgeargallery.com/]]
On [[VisualTW|License]], you will find several plugins for TiddlyWiki
!!Wysiwyg edition
*[[EasyEdit|EasyEditPlugin]], a lite and fully integrated solution.
*[[FCKEditor|FCKeditorPlugin]], a more powerful solution, but requires an external component (FCKeditor).
*[[Externalize|ExternalizePlugin]], to edit tiddlers in your favorite application like html editor, text or word processor, javascript IDE, css editor, ...<<br>>Externalize requires ''Firefox'' and [[it's All Text!|https://addons.mozilla.org/fr/firefox/addon/4125]] ''extension''.
A demo of these different plugins is available [[here|WysiwygDemo]].
!!Tabs, fields, encryption, ...
*[[Encrypted vault|EncryptedVaultPlugin]], protects a whole wiki with a single password. All the content is encrypted with RC4 algorithm. Try it on [[demo page|http://visualtw.ouvaton.org/demo/EncryptedVaultPlugin.html]].
*[[Fields editor|FieldsEditorPlugin]], adds edit buttons to fields popup. See <<toolbar fields>> in the tiddlers toolbar
*[[Synchronize from source|SyncFromSourcePlugin]], synchronize plugins from their original source (from plugin info) instead of imported url.
*[[TagsTree|TagsTreePlugin]] Displays the tags hierachy as a tree of tagged tiddlers.It can be used to create dynamic outline navigation (like the MainMenu here).
*[[Tiddlers bar|TiddlersBarPlugin]], adds tabs to browse through opened tiddlers (you see it above)
!Others
*Some great plugins from the community are used on ~VisualTW. See the [[list|CommunityPlugins]].
*[[Previous versions|PreviousVersions]] of ~VisualTW are still available.
<html>
<h1>Girt by Sea -a Play by Dave Riley</h1>
<p>
__________________________<br>
CHARACTERS<br>
COOEE!<br>
AUSSIE OI!<br>
INTERCOM (Some amplification and voice distortion required as through a loud hailer.)
<br>
_________________<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
FX SOUND OF VOICES DEVELOPED FROM A BABEL MIX OF MIDDLE EASTERN AND ASIAN LANGUAGES.<br>
<br>
AS VOICES EBB THEY BLEND WITH THE SOUND OF WAVES LAPPING ON A BEACH.<br>
<br>
ROUGH DRUM ROLL FOLLOWED BY A SINGLE DISCORDANT NOTE FROM A PARTY WHISTLE OR KAZOO.
FOLLOWED BY COUGHING AND MURMUING AS IN A HALL OF PEOPLE.<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
COOEE! AUSSIE OI! (TOGETHER. SINGING UNACCOMPANIED.) <br>
Australians let us all rejoice<br>
AUSSIE OI! For we are young and free<br>
With ……..and <br>
Our home is girt by sea….<br>
<br>
COOEE! (IN TUNE - HUM/UM) <br>
La da de da de da da da<br>
<br>
AUSSIE OI! A beauty rich and rare<br>
<br>
COOEE! (IN TUNE - HUM/UM) <br>
<br>
Ummm Hmmmm Hmmm Hmmm Ummm Hm<br>
<br>
<br>
COOEE!/AUSSIE OI : (TOGETHER)<br>
<br>
AD vance Os tray lia fair….!<br>
<br>
<br>
FX: DRUM ROLL. MUCH WHISTLE AND KAZOO BLOWING HAD BY ALL. SUDDEN SHARP BEAT. SILENCE<br>
<br>
<br>
COOEE! Girted by sea.--<br>
<br>
AUSSIE OI! Makes you think.<br>
<br>
COOEE! To "girt". <br>
<br>
AUSSIE OI! "Girtedness".<br>
<br>
COOEE! Aussie! Aussie! Aussie! <br>
<br>
AUSSIE OI! Oi! Oi! Oi!
</p><p>(BOTH LAUGH.)<br>
<br>
FX: BLOW AND HUMMING OF KAZOOS. DRUM BEAT. STOP).<br>
<br>
COOEE! Girt--<br>
<br>
AUSSIE OI! Sea.<br>
<br>
FX: BABBLE OF ASIAN AND MIDDLE EASTERN LANGUAGES.<br>
<br>
COOEE! Land.<br>
<br>
AUSSIE OI! Girt-<br>
<br>
COOEE! Sea.<br>
<br>
FX: BABBLE OF ASIAN AND MIDDLE EASTERN LANGUAGES.<br>
<br>
AUSSIE OI! Land.<br>
<br>
COOEE! Girt-<br>
<br>
AUSSIE OI! Sea.<br>
<br>
FX: BRIEF BABBLE OF ASIAN AND MIDDLE EASTERN LANGUAGES.<br>
<br>
(AUSSIE OI & COOEE! THEN DO THIS CIRCUIT OVER AND OVER FASTER AND FASTER
RAISING THEIR VOICES UNTIL…)<br>
<br>
AUSSIE OI!: Land.<br>
<br>
COOEE! Girt-<br>
<br>
AUSSIE OI! Sea.<br>
<br>
FX: BABBLE STOPS<br>
<br>
(PAUSE.)<br>
<br>
COOEE!/AUSSIE OI! <br>
Refugees! <br>
<br>
FX: DOUBLE DRUM BEAT.<br>
<br>
COOEE! Over there,…<br>
AUSSIE OI! Beyond the girt<br>
COOEE! Beyond the girt… people live in garbage tips.<br>
AUSSIE OI! Over there, they work for next to nothing. <br>
COOEE! Over there, life is cheap.<br>
AUSSIE OI! The root problem over there… is… <br>
COOEE! --there's too many of them <br>
AUSSIE OI! Over there.<br>
COOEE! Or they're not over here.<br>
AUSSIE OI! Over here, you can live the life of Riley if you work hard. <br>
COOEE! But we don't want them from over there working hard over here.<br>
AUSSIE OI! If they were over here who'd be working over there making all the
stuff we buy over there?<br>
COOEE! So all those over there need to stay over there so over here can stay
the same. If they weren't over there we couldn't enjoy over here as much as
we do. So we need them over there.<br>
AUSSIE OI! And they need us over here. That's the rule, the status quo…that's
geography in the market place.<br>
COOEE! Thus the girt! <br>
AUSSIE OI! (AGREEING)<br>
Thus the girt! <br>
COOEE! Without us over here, who'd buy what they've got to sell? It's a well
known fact that over there you can live much cheaper than over here. <br>
AUSSIE OI! Over here we don't live on garbage tips. Over here we've got a mortgage,
a car to run and reticulated sewerage….Over there you can get by without
those things.<br>
COOEE! (ASIDE) So why don't they!<br>
AUSSIE OI! Over here we've got problems. Over there they have them too. But
the problems over there are just so BIG.<br>
FX: DRUMBEAT.ROLL. CYMBAL.<br>
COOEE! Over here we have a big enough task making ends meet. Over there it is
probably the same…but hey! we're not over there, we're over here. And since
we are over here, over there is a world away.<br>
COOEE! Thus the girt! <br>
AUSSIE OI! Thus the girt! So who gives a stuff, if over there gets it tougher
than we get it over here.<br>
COOEE! It's all relative. That's life. <br>
COOEE! AUSSIE OI! (TOGETHER) <br>
Fortunately it 's not ours.<br>
FX: DRUMBEAT - CALL TO QUARTERS.<br>
INTERCOM I wouldn't "jump the queue" if I was you<br>
"Cause we got ways and means.<br>
Of making sure we lock the door <br>
To protect our coastal seams.<br>
<br>
Wether you swim or drown <br>
It's all the same<br>
'Cause we don't give a stuff<br>
Blather and cry, winge and complain<br>
It's useless --- we play tough.<br>
<br>
Girt by sea we can live with <br>
Refugees we can't.<br>
We secure our borders<br>
By giving orders --<br>
One rule for all when you approach our door <br>
It's simple, just …piss off!<br>
COOEE! Globalise existence if you will. We're ready here downunder. <br>
AUSSIE OI! Restructured--<br>
COOEE! Best practiced--<br>
AUSSIE OI! Marketed--<br>
COOEE! Fiscally reformed--<br>
AUSSIE OI! Downsized--<br>
COOEE! Privatised--<br>
AUSSIE OI! Corporatised.<br>
COOEE! Christ! We got a GST!<br>
AUSSIE OI! So come on world <br>
COOEE! Oi! Oi! Oi! <br>
AUSSIE OI! And do you stuff: <br>
COOEE! Send us your huddled downturns, your in-balanced sheets and your homeless
capital yearning to be free!<br>
AUSSIE OI! Oi! Oi! Oi! <br>
COOEE! This is Australia calling. <br>
AUSSIE OI! (SHOUTING)<br>
Coooooooo_____ee! <br>
FX "COOEEE" ECHOES…ENDS. THEN: <br>
ANNOUNCER'S VOICE (FAR OFF. IN CLIPPED ENGLISH ACCENT OTHER THAN AUSTRALIAN)
<br>
Stay where you are Australia - I'm coming over!<br>
FX: FIRST THREE BARS PLAYED BY A BRASS BAND OF ADVANCE AUSTRALIA FAIR. THIS
ENDS ABRUPTLY.<br>
CARCOPHANY OF ASIAN URBAN SOUNDS MESHES WITH ANTHEN FROM WHICH EMERGE…CHORUS:
AUSSIE OI'S AND COOEE'S VOICES EITHER PRE-RECORDED AND PLAYED IN FAST MODE OR
THE SAME ACTORS EMPLOYING DIFFERENT OR DISTORTED VOICES . <br>
<br>
<br>
1ST VOICE I don't know who they think they are fooling --<br>
2ND VOICE We suffer and starve and go without schooling.<br>
1ST VOICE: To make ends meet we gotta come cheap --<br>
2ND VOICE Selling our labour till the end of the week.<br>
1ST VOICE They told us the old days were over and gone -<br>
2ND VOICE But everyone knows the same days live on.<br>
IST VOICE Labour and capital, rich and poor -- <br>
2ND VOICE We don't want to live like this anymore.<br>
IST VOICE We need some respite <br>
2ND VOICE But what do we get? <br>
1ST VOICE The same old "solution" -<br>
BOTH Debt! Debt! Debt! …<br>
FX: THIS EXTENDS INTO A BALINESE STYLE MONKEY CHANT WHICH DRIFTS INTO THE BACKGROUND
WHILE AUSSIE OI! SPEAKS. <br>
AUSSIE OI! What are we going to do? Offshore -- everywhere -- there's all these
people dead set keen on coming here or any location offering a shot at three
meals a day and an indoor toilet. Not that that's guaranteed, but that's the
promise in the promised lands. And whether you recognise it or not what we've
got here in the way of material pleasures is as good as it gets. Yesiree, it
won't get any better than this. You may have misgivings. You may be one of those
who harps on and on about how hard done by you are. Get a life! Instead of being
born into a triple-fronted brick veneer low set and a regular breakfast of Weetbix
plus choice of beverage, you could have been stuck in the household of a landless
peasant from Upper Volta with early tuberculosis and a nasty case of intestinal
worms. Get real, matey! You've got it good. <br>
FX: "DEBT" MONKEY CHANT STOPS'<br>
INTERCOM Stay away. <br>
FX: WAVES ON BEACH<br>
INTERCOM Stay away. Stay away. <br>
FX: WAVES ON BEACH. STOP.<br>
COOEE! Sheep shit in the South Pacific. With your baa lambs and your empty sky,
you big fella stretched out sun baking.. Sunburnt. Sleepy. Empty. You lucky
bastard of a country. You your own boss cockie. Sheep shit and blowies. My country.
"Core of my heart."… My suburban quarter acre block with 3 b/rms,
VJ interior, carpeted floors, refurb kitchen and all cons. You it. You girt
by sea. You gloating in your wee little Aussie battlers this small. Youse the
underdog. Youse all mates. Too bloody right you are… So with a sprig of
wattle in our hand we celebrate from whence we came. Australians! You true blue
sons and daughters of Oz! I ask you to charge your glasses and raise your voices.
And let's hear it for all the dinky-dyes out there:<br>
(ATTEMPT AT SINGING)<br>
Australians let us all rejoice, for we are young and free ... etcetera, et…cet…tera…rah…rah…rah…rah!.<br>
FX: MERGES INTO BACKGROUND OF DRUNKEN PARTY EXCHANGE WITH CLINKING OF GLASSWARE.
TAPERS OFF. <br>
INTERCOM Stay away!<br>
FX: WAVES ON BEACH<br>
INTERCOM Go back where you came from!<br>
FX: WAVES ON BEACH<br>
INTERCOM You're not wanted here!<br>
FX: WAVES ON BEACH STOP.<br>
(PAUSE)<br>
COOEE! If we offend it is with our good will. <br>
AUSSIE OI! We want the best <br>
COOEE! The very best <br>
AUSSIE OI! For all and sundry. <br>
COOEE! For you--<br>
AUSSIE OI! And you-- <br>
COOEE! And you--<br>
AUSSIE OI! For all of us. <br>
COOEE! In this dry brown land do dwell. <br>
(PAUSE)<br>
AUSSIE OI! But the job market is so very, very tight. <br>
COOEE! Let us make this quite clear: Very tight.<br>
AUSSIE OI! We're not to blame. <br>
COOEE! Free enterprise being what it is. <br>
AUSSIE OI! Has its ups. <br>
COOEE! And downs. <br>
AUSSIE OI! Here --<br>
COOEE! As well as over there --<br>
AUSSIE OI! Here .. there… is-simply-not-enough-to-go-around. <br>
COOEE! Not enough land. <br>
AUSSIE OI! Think of our carrying capacity. <br>
COOEE! Hospital beds. <br>
AUSSIE OI! Think of our carrying capacity. <br>
COOEE! Pensions. <br>
AUSSIE OI! Think of our carrying capacity. <br>
COOEE! Money. <br>
AUSSIE OI! No where near enough of that.<br>
COOEE! Jobs. <br>
(PAUSE)<br>
AUSSIE OI! So if you are down and out ... <br>
COOEE! We don't want to have to be lifting up our heads and shouting: <br>
AUSSIE OI! Some wog's got my job!<br>
COOEE! Do we? <br>
AUSSIE OI! (ASIDE) Many lands.<br>
COOEE! (ASIDE) One voice.<br>
AUSSIE OI! But them --<br>
COOEE! Them. Them's a different matter. <br>
AUSSIE OI! Sneaking into our country! <br>
COOEE! (ASIDE) And there's no way of telling them from the locals. <br>
AUSSIE OI! No way.<br>
COOEE! No bloody way!<br>
AUSSIE OI! If they were to-<br>
COOEE! Play by the rules<br>
AUSSIE OI! Follow procedures. <br>
COOEE! Join the queue. <br>
AUSSIE OI! They'd be most welcome here. <br>
COOEE! Most welcome.<br>
(PAUSE)<br>
AUSSIE OI! (AGGRESSIVELY) Don't come in the first place.<br>
COOEE! We're not a soft touch. <br>
AUSSIE OI! (ASIDE) Many lands.<br>
COOEE! (ASIDE) One voice.<br>
AUSSIE OI! But to sneak in!<br>
COOEE! Sneak!<br>
AUSSIE OI! Without an invite.<br>
COOEE! We don't want people like that here…<br>
AUSSIE OI! You never know what to expect…<br>
COOEE! (ASIDE) It's embarrassing…smudging our picture postcard like that.<br>
AUSSIE OI! We like to pick our own. <br>
COOEE! It takes real effort to become a bona fide Australian. <br>
AUSSIE OI! You don't become one by sneaking into the country, for instance.
<br>
COOEE! That's un-Australian. <br>
AUSSIE OI! No. To become one you gotta play by the rules.<br>
COOEE! Our rules.<br>
COOEE!/AUSSIE OI! (TOGETHER.)<br>
--We're searching for identity.<br>
FX FIRST TWO BARS OF WALZING MATILDA. ABRUPTLY STOPS<br>
AUSSIE OI! (ASIDE) Many lands.<br>
COOEE! (ASIDE) One voice.<br>
AUSSIE OI! COOEE! (TOGETHER. CURSORY ATTEMPT AT SINGING )<br>
We are Aus-tray-lee-yarn.<br>
COOEE! And just because you're here it doesn't mean you can stay.<br>
AUSSIE OI! That's taking advantage. <br>
COOEE! Stay away<br>
AUSSIE OI! Stay at home.<br>
COOEE! Go someplace else.<br>
AUSSIE OI! Not here. Out there.<br>
COOEE! Somewhere.<br>
AUSSIE OI! Beyond the girt.<br>
FX: WAVES ON BEACH QUICKLY BUILDING IN VOLUME AND POWER WITH A RISING WIND.CRY
OF SEAGULLS. MUSIC RISING ABRUPTLY: 'ONEDIN LINE THEME' (THE BALLET MUSIC FROM
SPARTACUS BY KHACHATURIAN.)<br>
COOEE! (SHOUTING) Not here. Out there. Beyond the bloody girt.<br>
FX: SEA, MUSIC AND WIND SOUNDS TAPER OFF QUICKLY TO SILENCE.<br>
COOEE! Girt--<br>
<br>
AUSSIE OI! Sea.<br>
<br>
FX: BABBLE OF ASIAN AND MIDDLE EASTERN LANGUAGES.<br>
<br>
COOEE! Land.<br>
<br>
AUSSIE OI! Girt-<br>
<br>
COOEE! Sea.<br>
<br>
FX: BABBLE OF ASIAN AND MIDDLE EASTERN LANGUAGES.<br>
<br>
AUSSIE OI! Land.<br>
<br>
COOEE! Girt-<br>
<br>
AUSSIE OI! Sea.<br>
<br>
FX: BABBLE OF ASIAN AND MIDDLE EASTERN LANGUAGES.<br>
<br>
AUSSIE OI! Land.<br>
<br>
COOEE! Girt-<br>
<br>
AUSSIE OI! Sea.<br>
<br>
FX: NO BABBLE </p>
<p>(PAUSE)</p>
<p>COOEE!/AUSSIE OI! Refugees! <br>
FX: CICADAS, BLOW FLIES,ETC ON A HOT SUMMER DAY. <br>
RISING FROM BACKGROUND -- FAR OFF TO OFF --IS SOUND OF ETHNIC RADIO EG: ARABIC
THEN INDONESIAN POP MUSIC -- AS STATIONS ARE CHANGED. THIS IS SUDDENLY SWITCHED
OFF AND REPLACED BY STERILE MUSACK. SOUND OF A MICROPHONE BEING HANDLED AND
STATIC. <br>
INTERCOM Unlawful non citizens…Unlawful non citizens….This is not
a borderless society. You are not wanted here….You are unauthorized arrivals...You
are unauthorized arrivals…You have chosen not to apply for a visa. You
refused to line up. You should have staid at home. You have shown no respect
for the rule of law in this country...You have shown no respect.<br>
FX: BLOW FLIES BUZZING<br>
INTERCOM (PAUSE) <br>
You are detained as a result of your unauthorised entry, not for asylum seeking
…not for seeking asylum. You should have done that before you left to come
here. That was your mistake. That was your mistake...You will be removed from
here. You will be taken to the place from whence you came…You cannot stay
in this country. You are going to be sent home...or somewhere else. You are
non citizens who have broken our laws. <br>
FX: BLOW FLIES BUZZING <br>
AUSSIE OI! Naughty, naughty, naughty…<br>
COOEE! We don't like that.<br>
AUSSIE OI! Not at all.<br>
COOEE! Any offshore resource is similarly girt by law.<br>
AUSSIE OI! Girt by law.<br>
COOEE! So if any unlawful non citizen were to beach themselves on Christmas
Island.<br>
AUSSIE OI! That's girt by law.<br>
COOEE! Ashmore reef.<br>
AUSSIE OI! Girt by law.<br>
COOEE! Cocos Island.<br>
AUSSIE OI! Girt by law.<br>
COOEE! Oil rigs at sea.<br>
AUSSIE OI! Girt by law.<br>
INTERCOM (BARKED AS ON PARADE GROUND)<br>
Excised offshore places strengthening our territorial integrity.<br>
<br>
FX THREE BARS, ADVANCE AUSTRALIA FAIR.<br>
<br>
AUSSIE OI!/COOEE! (TOGETHER PSEUDO SINGING IN 4/4 TIME AS SOON AS MUSIC STOPS)<br>
Girt by law<br>
Girt by law.</p>
<p>FX: BLOW FLIES BUZZING<br>
INTERCOM (BARKED AS ON PARADE GROUND)<br>
As your official detention service provider we have been contracted to run this
immigration detention facility.<br>
AUSSIE OI!/COOEE! (TOGETHER PSEUDO SINGING) <br>
Girt by law<br>
Girt by law.<br>
INTERCOM (PROMOTIONAL) <br>
For around $120 per person per day twin share we offer a great deal. Three meals
a day. Culturally appropriate menus. A bed for all. Laundry facilities. Games
room. Shower block. Unlimited chilled water, tea, coffee, milk and sugar. 24
hour medical centre. All mod cons. So if you are depressed, severely depressed
or slip into psychosis on occasion during your extended stay with us…We're
prepared.<br>
FX: BLOW FLIES BUZZING. STERILE MUSACK* BEGINS. THEN STOPS<br>
INTERCOM (VOICE MOVE FROM 'OFF' TO 'ON' AS IN PASSING BY] <br>
No escaping… No self mutilation… No starving to death…No sitting
on roofs.... No stitching of lips together…No torching facilities…No
rioting … No litigation…No attention seeking…No embarrassing
behaviours of any kind … None of that…You can't complain. Not allowed…That's
un-Australian.<br>
[VOICE MOVE FROM 'ON' TO 'OFF', THEN 'FAR OFF' & PART REPEAT THROUGH A FADE.]<br>
FX: BLOW FLIES BUZZING . SILENCE. STERILE MUSACK BEGINS. THEN STOPS<br>
INTERCOM Thankyou for waiting. Your application as an unlawful non-citizen is
being processed.<br>
FX: STERILE MUSACK BEGINS. THEN STOPS<br>
INTERCOM Thankyou for waiting. Your application as an unlawful non-citizen is
being processed.<br>
FX: STERILE MUSACK BEGINS. THEN STOPS<br>
INTERCOM Thankyou for waiting. Your application as an unlawful non-citizen is
being processed.<br>
FX: STERILE MUSACK BEGINS. THEN STOPS.<br>
INTERCOM Thankyou for waiting. Your application as an unlawful non-citizen is
being processed.<br>
FX: STERILE MUSACK BEGINS. FADES. SOUND OF A DISCONNECTED PHONE LINE. TAPERS
OFF. DRUM ROLL. FOLLOWED BY SINGLE LONG BLOW ON SPORTS WHISTLE<br>
INTERCOM All men on stage! <br>
FX: RUNNING ON WOODEN FLOOR.<br>
INTERCOM Everybody down on one knee! Now bend down low and look battle-worn.
A bit more tension there. A touch more gloom on your faces. That's it.<br>
You there, you'll play the role of Dole Bludger. Now dance over to the others
with an expression of furtive glee.<br>
FX: SINGLE PERSON DANCING ON WOODEN FLOOR.<br>
INTERCOM Furtive glee, I said, furtive glee! Ah, that's better. <br>
All available female personnel. Line up!<br>
FX: RUNNING ON WOODEN FLOOR.<br>
INTERCOM You -- yes you! -- you're Miss Homelife. Sorry, Mrs Homelife. You seem
demure enough for the role. And you're Miss Equality, because it's all the same
to me whoever plays the part. And you're Miss Australia, so look stalwart and
generous. Stalwart and generous, I said! <br>
Get ready now. Let's go. <br>
All you men there, break from your imaginary toil and rise upward toward an
imaginary sun. Mrs Homelife, Miss Equality and Miss Australia, minister to them.
Minister! Put some love in it! They're your little darlings, for crissake! <br>
Men, pretend "you have nothing" and imagine "you can make it".
Climb over each other, symbolising the effects of a free market economy. Excellent!
Now build a pyramid with your competing bodies.<br>
FX: STRAINED SCRAMBLE OF BODIES. SOME FALLING. <br>
INTERCOM How about a little teamwork there! That's better. Dole Bludger, lay
down flat so you can break their fall. <br>
You on top, take an imaginary flag in your hand and wave it to the tempo of
a free country, conveying the joy of being a victorious Aussie battler. Great.
<br>
All ladies stand up. Come on up you get. Hang imaginary garlands around the
necks of everyone -- for trying. That's to symbolise the blooming of happiness
that only comes with effort. <br>
Wonderful! That's it. That's it! Let in the sheep. Bring up the kookaburra chorus.
<br>
FX BACKGROUND: SHEEP. KOOKABURRA CALL.<br>
INTERCOM Add the didgeridoo. <br>
FX BACKGROUND: DIDGERIDOO LEAD IN. ADVANCE AUSTRALIA FAIR SLOWLY RISING<br>
<br>
INTERCOM Now, unfold the flag. Slouch hats on. Wave the sprigs of wattle. I
said, wave them -- hold them aloft and give them a bloody good shake. That's
better. Now all you ethnics in the front row, face the front and smile. Good.
Excellent. Send in the wombat and the kangaroo. And you, indigenous Australian
blackfella-type person in a loin cloth, show us your teeth. Now we're cooking.
Are we happy or what? I can't hear it? Are we happy? You bet we are. <br>
(PAUSE)<br>
No wonder they all want to come here.<br>
FX ADVANCE AUSTRALIA FAIR RISES QUICKLY IN VOLUME AND OCHESTRATION. THEN FADES.
WAVES ON BEACH. BLOW FLIES BUZZING.<br>
<br>
FINIS</p>
<p> <br>
*STERILE MUSACK: [Suggestion] The same few bars--repeated each time-from the
instrumental version of The Girl from Ipanema (Antonio Carlos Jobim)</p>
<hr>
<p align="center"><a href="http://www.aiaa.org.au/news/news15/news.html">Back to Contents</a><br>
</p></html>
COVER STORY
Child-care subsidies: only for the rich
24 February 1993
By Pip Hinman
While the media have made much of federal Labor's child-care cash rebate proposal, child-care workers are not as eager to embrace what they regard as anything but a fairer system.
“To start with, the 30% rebate is not available to people on the lowest fee and those using child-care for non-work-related purposes”, a child-care worker who wanted to remain anonymous for fear of losing her job told Green Left Weekly. “As the new system is not means tested, those paying more each week for child-care -- that is, those in the higher income bracket -- stand to get nearly twice the rebate of those on the lower end of the scale.”
According to a 1990 Australian Bureau of Statistics survey, out of the 550,000 families who use paid child-care, only 230,000 are expected to qualify for the 30% rebate. The average rebate would be just $12.50 per week, and most families would get less than $10. About 135,000 working parents now receiving fee relief would be eligible to receive only a small additional benefit under the new scheme.
Those parents paying $270 per week will be eligible for a weekly rebate of $61.20 (22.7% of the original fee) if they have more than one child in child-care. In comparison, parents spending $27 per week on child-care will be eligible for a rebate of $3.30 for one or more children (12.2% of the original fee).
The 1990 ABS survey found that only 6.9% of families using child-care spent more than $60 per week. Almost two-thirds had a weekly income of more than $800, putting them in the top third of income-earners. According to the February 11 Age, of families spending more than $100 per week on child-care -- the biggest beneficiaries under the government's new scheme -- 74% had an income of more than $800 per week.
While the survey found that 90% of the lower-income families using child-care pay less than $20 per week due to the fee relief scheme, this sector is also forced to rely on informal child-care arrangements -- parents, relatives and friends.
The other major problem with the new scheme, according to the child-care worker, is that rebates will be offered only for child-care incurred while parents are working, studying or looking for work. “Those parents, mainly mothers at home simply looking for some respite, or those who want to use
child-care for the value and quality it can provide to their children's lives, will be denied access.”
The Democratic Socialist candidate for Melbourne, Di Quin, queried the federal government's commitment to an extra 104,500 new child-care places. “The ALP promised 50,000 new places in 1990 and delivered less than half”, Quin told Green Left.
“Over 1991-92, 2502 community centre-based places were promised, yet only 770 places actually materialised. Of the 6760 out of school hours places promised, only 4460 were provided. With this record, who can be accused of being cynical when Keating makes promises he obviously doesn't have a commitment to keeping?
“With a growing unmet demand for child-care places, it would be nice to get excited about Keating's talk of thousands of new places. But the reality is that Labor is out for the women's vote -- in particular the high-income women's vote.”
Indeed, both Labor and Liberals are adopting a user-pays approach to child-care, just like other community services.
“Increasingly women are realising that the two major parties can come up with nothing but a few shonky bribes before elections”, says Quin. “With policies which are almost identical, women have to look around for political alternatives; while they may be small at this stage, they can at least articulate the concerns and aspirations of the majority of women, who are now disenfranchised by the no-choice political system. Women need free, quality child-care now.”
This article was posted on the Green Left Weekly H
Source: [[Green Left - Cover Story: Child-care subsidies: only for the rich|http://www.greenleft.org.au/1993/89/4544]]
Global imbalances and financial volatility -- an explosive mix
Dick Nichols
The previous article in this series (GLW #674) discussed the debate among mainstream economists about the seriousness of “global economic imbalances”, in particular the US current account deficit (CAD). This reached 6.4% of US GDP by the end of 2005, stirring fears that the US economy might be heading for a violent “adjustment”.
What would such an event look like? A sudden drop in the US$8 billion inflow needed every working day both to finance the US CAD and counterbalance US investment flows abroad would sharply depreciate the dollar, lift import prices and force the US Federal Reserve Board to increase interest rates to contain inflation.
Asset values (and the credit and consumption growth they increasingly underpin) would stagnate or collapse. The US CAD — that is, the gap between US domestic savings and investment — would eventually shrink, but only after an initial increase due to increased interest payments on US foreign debt. The price of the smaller CAD would be slower growth or even recession— as in the Asian 1997-98 crisis. Any further increase in energy prices would intensify the blow and with it the prospect of a global economic slump.
It is impossible to predict which economic bloc would bear the greatest part of the US-initiated global slump. However, if the east Asian economies sought to defend their export share by defending their currency pegs with the dollar, almost the entire initial shrinkage in growth would be channelled into the underdeveloped economies and — via an overvalued euro — into “Euroland”.
Would the Australian economy once again be able to duck and weave its way through such a slump? It's very hard to imagine the Reserve Bank, repeating the manoeuvre that got Australia through the 1997-98 Asian economic crisis and the 2001 global slowdown — by allowing interest rates to fall and the Australian dollar to depreciate. That’s because the epicentre of the global slump would be in the world's leading nation economy — accounting for 25% of world economic activity.
The Reserve Bank's room to manoeuvre would be even less if energy prices and inflation held up as growth slowed, in a revisiting of the “stagflation” of the 1970s.
All very scary. But the US currency has gone through waves of appreciation and depreciation, depending mainly on relative growth rates of the main economic blocs and the interest rate differentials among them without touching off a global slump.
Nonetheless, as sober an authority as the Bank for International Settlements (BIS, the central banks' central bank) can't rule out a “banana republic” episode for the dollar. In its latest annual report, it argues that the potential for a run on the greenback lies in global financial market instability combined with the existence of the euro.
The BIS writes: “Given the relationships among all markets, both domestic and international, there is reasonable likelihood that if one market were to come under significant stress, it would spill over to others ... Both private and public sector purchasers of US dollar liabilities might, at some point, lose patience in such a situation.”
A possible straw in the wind was the February 18-22, 2005 fall of the dollar against the yen (1.2%) and the euro (1%), the result of rumours that South Korea’s central bank was about to shift some of its $200 billion in foreign exchange reserves out of dollar holdings. This event confirmed that even small shifts in official foreign exchange reserve weightings could have large “multiplier” effects in today's markets.
Corporate investment
Moreover, financial market instability, while still low at this point in the business cycle, is beginning to rise and is bound to increase. This is the result of the intersection between two recent powerful economic trends.
One is the easy money policy of the central banks of the imperialist centres carried out to prevent the 2001 downturn from becoming a serious recession (a policy applied in Japan since the 1990 collapse of the property and stock markets). This poured massive liquidity into the banks and corporate treasuries, especially in the US where it was combined with tax breaks to business.
The second is that — despite the large corporate profits, which hardly dipped during 2001 — in the US, Japan and Europe the rate of new investment remains historically low. In the words of the International Monetary Fund's Raghuram Rajan, “corporations don't seem to be investing serious amounts at this point in the cycle. They are below where they should be in their investment patterns ... as they are flush with cash”.
Three-quarters of this ocean of undistributed corporate profits is due to the fall in investment in production within the developed capitalist economies (Australia remains an exception), as the corporations invest a smaller share of their takings in upgrading and expanding their capital stock. Also, with the important exception of China, rates of investment in east Asian economies remain below those prevailing before the 1997-98 crisis.
This trend is partly due to the declining price of capital goods relative to all other goods (especially in the information and communications sector), partly to the decision to reduce overall indebtedness by paying back the debts accumulated in the 1990s “new economy” boom out of retained earnings, partly to nervousness about exposure to volatile financial markets and partly to an increase in “just-in-case” cash holdings (especially when faced with unfunded liabilities like company pension schemes).
However, the most important factor has been the accelerating drive towards the global rationalisation of production coming out of the 2000-01 recession. The corporations have been engaged in both massive share buybacks (greater than new issues in some countries) as well as in pursuing a strategy of expansion through acquiring assets abroad, especially but not only in the “emerging economies” of Asia.
As a result, the proportion of corporate earnings devoted to dividend payouts, share buybacks, mergers and acquisitions and generally speculative investment has been unprecedented.
During 2001-05, vast tides of funds combed world financial markets looking for profit in everything from Filipino government bonds to nickel futures, seemingly impervious to the riskiness of the “financial instruments” on offer.
Over this period, differences in the rate of return on all forms of debt — government versus commercial, developed capitalist versus “emerging economy”, short-term versus long-term, etc — all narrowed to an unprecedented degree. Indeed, such was the demand for longer-term debt (10-year bonds or longer) that for a while long-term interest rates fell below short-term rates in some bond markets.
Financial tremors
The question now is how all this debt (and the institutions obliged to meet payments) will perform in the new cycle of rising interest rates and financial market nervousness. One tremor took place in February this year in that exotic speculative market — the “yen carry trade”. Here the punter borrows yen (where the cash rate has been zero) then invests the funds in a high-interest currency (like Icelandic krona assets). The bet is that the yen won't appreciate nor Japanese interest rates rise, so that the speculator will receive the gain from the interest rate differential (plus any capital gains) once the funds invested are converted back into yen.
The only problem is if suspicion grows that krona assets are about to devalue, and/or that the krona is about to depreciate against the yen and/or that interest rates are about to rise in Japan. Then there's a stampede to get out of kronas, bringing about the very depreciation that was feared.
In February, after ratings agency Fitch downgraded Icelandic debt, the krona fell by 7% against the US dollar, producing sympathetic, although temporary, falls in other high-interest, large CAD currencies, including the Australian dollar.
Other recent examples of volatility have been the May-June drop in stock indexes (particularly in Middle Eastern countries like Saudi Arabia, which fell 50% from its peak even though oil profits have been skyrocketing). Speculation has also been furious and nervous in raw materials, stocks and mortgage- and asset-backed securities.
In the vast US mortgage-backed securities (MBS) market growth in recent years has been driven by the bundling into bonds (“securitisation”) of mortgages contracted by “non-prime” borrowers: in 2005, 40% of MBSs issued were backed by mortgages, as against 10% in the late 1990s.
Also potentially headed for tricky times is the speculative den of the hedge funds, which punt on movements in publicly traded stocks, debt, foreign exchange and derivatives. Hedge funds are basically like insurance agents writing policies for other market “players” and pocketing the premiums. When markets crash — as with the Asian economic crisis and the 1998 Russian crisis — hedge funds more often than not lose money. Moreover, because they are highly leveraged these losses can be enormous, as with the 1998 near-meltdown of the US fund Long-Term Capital Management (LTCM), bailed out by a consortium of banks brought together by the Federal Reserve.
Despite claims that hedge funds now manage risk and monitor market movements better than before LTCM, they have confronted generally benign markets. However, such has been the tide of money into hedge funds since 2004 that returns are dropping as their hunt for new opportunities intensifies on a global scale.
Crunches will come. Will the funds then be able to prove unfounded the opinion of Jochen Sanjo, the head of the German financial regulator BaFin, that “hedge funds pose a big threat to the stability of the world financial system”?
Around the world, central bank attention is presently fixated on the problem of how to carry out anti-inflationary interest rate rises so as not to unduly exacerbate the interaction between global imbalances and financial market volatility. This effort is also taking place when financial regulators are struggling to keep up with the rapidly multiplying variety of corporate “financial products” and when the impact of global financial market integration on national monetary (interest rate) policy is hard to assess.
But this situation is not something that even the cleverest monetary policy alone can control. On the battlefield of global capitalist competition, both fiscal (budgetary) and “structural reform” (a la Work Choices) are under rising pressure to make their contribution to stabilisation.
Despite the high global growth rates of the last three years and the increased room for economy policy manoeuvre they have allowed, stable capitalist growth is not firmly entrenched. Indeed, in the present phase of rapidly rising global economic integration the fundamental trend is not towards increasingly uniform and stable conditions of profit-making across the main economic blocs, but increasing contradiction and inter-bloc rivalry.
The combined and uneven development of these contradictions and the political impact of attempts to soften them will be the focus of the last article in this series.
[Dick Nichols is the managing editor of Seeing Red. For sources used in this article contact <dicknichols@greenleft.org.au>.]
Source: [[Green Left - Issues: Global imbalances and financial volatility -- an explosive mix|http://www.greenleft.org.au/2006/680/7844]]
Global imbalances and the Australian economy
17 November 1993
Dick Nichols
The second article in this four-part series on the Australian economy (see GLW #672) discussed the causes of the US economy's unprecedentedly large current account deficit (CAD), which reached 6.4% of gross domestic product at the end of 2005. But is this CAD (and matching current account surpluses in other economies) really a serious problem?
Without doing too much damage to the subtleties of the debate, the spread of opinion about these “global imbalances” oscillates between two poles — the complacent and the alarmist.
Harvard economics professor Richard Cooper best represents the former position. “I believe that the US has comparative advantage at producing marketable assets”, wrote Cooper in the Brookings Papers on Economic Activity journal (No. 1, 2005). “We sell these marketable assets to the rest of the world. As long as Americans use the proceeds of the sale of those marketable assets productively... I do not see why that process cannot go on indefinitely ... on the current scale, that is, roughly half a trillion dollars a year.”
International Monetary Fund economic counsellor Raghuram Rajan exemplifies mainstream alarmism, asking in the IMF’s April 2006 World Economic Outlook April 2006, “should we worry about the size of the global current account imbalances, given that they have been financed for so long? I think we should. For one, the benign global financing conditions appear to be turning so the past need not say much about the future. More important, the imbalances are unsustainable at their current level...”
A third possibility — that the global imbalances may produce a brutal rerun of the 1997-98 Asian crisis on a global scale — can't be ruled out. It's the spectre haunting the debate, but doesn't get much of a run in public, partly for fear of spooking those very markets capable of triggering a violent “adjustment”.
The debate revolves around three broad themes. What is the real economic situation revealed by the US CAD (and how reliable are the balance of payments statistics anyway)? How likely is an abrupt CAD reversal? In the event of reversal, what would be the likely impact on the US and the other main economic blocs?
Assessing debt burden
A persistent argument made against general CAD alarmism is that it is misleading to talk about a country's debt being, for example, 58% of GDP (the Australian case), when the vast majority of this debt is not debt for which “the country” is liable. These foreign borrowings have been made by private capitalist businesses that have calculated that the debt can be serviced out of future profits. If that calculation proves mistaken, they will go bankrupt, be taken over or restructure their debt.
The only debt burden that really bears on the economic credibility of the country is official (i.e., government) foreign debt, which in the Australian federal case has been wiped out by the Howard-Costello government’s penny-pinching. At the state government level, debt has been reduced to the point that all Australian states have regained their AAA credit rating. The IMF is holding up Australia as “top of the class” for this policy.
A second general point against alarmism is that it is misleading to measure a country's net foreign liabilities (an accumulated stock) against its GDP (which measures the flow of output produced). For example, when Australia's net foreign liabilities are measured as a percentage of its private wealth less housing, its foreign debt position has improved over the past decade (from 26% to 18%).
One motive for scepticism about the seriousness of the US CAD arises because, despite years of increasing net foreign liabilities, the US each year still registers a net profit. For some this can only be explained by unobserved “dark matter” in US assets abroad (e.g., the drug trade).
The counter argument stresses the vital fact that US investments abroad have always earned a higher rate of return than assets in the US owned by foreigners (a difference averaging 3.1 percentage points between 1983 and 2003).
When US foreign assets are valued in terms of the actual flow of profits they generate (rather than in conventional stock terms), the net US international investment position as a percentage of GDP is +7% rather than -22% (as of December 2004). However, if present trends continue, even this way of measuring the US's position will soon turn negative.
Other observers stress that net foreign debt doesn't just express the accumulation of CADs — it is the residual between gross stocks of foreign assets and liabilities. In the US case, with huge stocks of both foreign assets and liabilities, influences on their value (for example, share market performance) can have a big impact on net debt as the residual.
Also, US gross foreign liabilities are almost all in US dollars, while US gross foreign assets are only 40% in dollars. Therefore, a depreciation of the dollar, besides making US exports cheaper, also improves its net international investment position: US asset holders get more for their non-dollar investments in dollar terms while foreign investors in the US get less in their own currencies for their US assets.
According to some economists, up to a third of US foreign debt obligations has been covered by this revaluation effect and today's US CAD is actually smaller in real terms than in 1987 — the year of the last CAD scare — because the stock of US assets held abroad in foreign currencies is proportionately larger. Given the increasing percentage of US national economic assets owned by foreigners this effect can be expected to continue.
The alarmists acknowledge this “revaluation scam”, but point out that it can last only so long as investors in dollar assets are prepared to put up with lower rates of return. Sooner or later, they argue, the victims of any scam wake up — who will buy dollar assets if convinced that the US intends to deliberately devalue them at some time in the future? At that point US interest rates would have to rise to prevent investors exiting into other currencies and the end of the dollar as the world's reserve currency and store of value would be one step closer.
East Asia-US 'co-dependency'
What real likelihood of a US CAD crisis is there when east Asian central banks have to buy up US debt in order to stop their currencies from appreciating? According to this argument, the east Asian surpluses and the rough peg of their currencies with the US dollar — the basis of their export-driven development model — determine that the US CAD will continue.
Any sell-off by these central banks, particularly by the Chinese and Japanese central banks, would depreciate the dollar, force the US to raise interest rates, slow world growth and reduce demand for these countries’ exports. In short, east Asia's own economic health depends on feeding the US debt habit.
The alarmists take little comfort from this argument for “structural co-dependency”. They argue that even from the point of view of east Asian economic self-interest, “co-dependency” isn't set in stone. Returns on their US assets are low and at some point the benefit of the deal must come into question, especially as there would be huge losses for east Asian economies if the dollar depreciated unexpectedly. Also, within the east Asian economies themselves, it may prove hard to prevent their huge foreign currency reserves from eventually feeding inflation.
Need a sharp “correction” of the US CAD have a disastrous impact on the “real economy”? A recent study for the US Federal Reserve Board argues that, as opposed to the 1997-98 Asian crisis, sustained CADs in developed capitalist countries have usually ended benignly and that wide shifts in currency values aren't necessarily disastrous for the “real economy”.
The sceptics point out that the study deals with CADs in the order of 3% of GDP or less. Above that level, examples of sharp devaluations that have not stifled growth have been exceptional (like Australia in 1997-98 and 2001) — especially when combined with a sudden stop in capital inflow a current account “reversal” has usually resulted in a big growth slowdown.
That this scenario has not yet taken place in an economy the size of the US’s should ring more alarm bells, not less. Never before has the dominant country in the international monetary system built up liabilities on such a scale — the impact of a CAD shock on the US and the world economy would surely be immense.
Behind the reasoning of the optimists lies the usual faith in the self-correcting ability of markets. They stress that global financial integration and deregulation have reduced the dependence of national economies on national savings. Wider current account deficits and surpluses have become the new norm — even calling them “imbalances” is a misnomer. According to Cooper, “The startlingly large US CAD is not only sustainable but a natural feature of today's highly globalized economy”.
The alarmists recall moments of “market failure” like the 1987 stockmarket crash and the 1997-98 Asian crisis. They point out that there's no way that the present global imbalances can be unwound without a substantial depreciation of the US dollar (at least by 30%), especially considering that to eliminate its CAD through higher exports alone, US export revenue would have to increase by 60% over 2005 levels.
Former IMF deputy managing director Stanley Fischer argues that such a devaluation is possible without disaster if “instead of happening overnight, it happens over a period of years... In support of that I'd say that it's pretty remarkable that for two major currencies — the dollar and the euro — between 2002 and 2004, the exchange rate moved 30%.”
Of course, the custodians of the system aren't just speculating about the future — they are putting forward measures to avoid the Armageddon scenario. The economic and political impact of these — including on Australia — will be taken up in the last article in this series.
[Dick Nichols is the managing editor of Seeing Red. For sources used in this article contact <dicknichols@greenleft.org.au>.]
From Green Left Weekly, July 5, 2006.
Visit the Green Left Weekly home page.
Source: [[Green Left - Issues: Global imbalances and the Australian economy|http://www.greenleft.org.au/2006/674/6283]]
Permaculture and Marxism
Barry Healy
14 July 2007
It is often thought that concern for the interconnection of living systems is a modern development. But Karl Marx’s talked about it repeatedly throughout his Capital.
Marx didn’t use the word “ecology” — it was coined in 1866 — but metabolism . He argued that capitalist accumulation shatters basic processes of ecological sustainability “by destroying the circumstances surrounding [natural] metabolism”. Marx called this “metabolic rift”. So, he said, what is needed is the “systematic restoration [of natural metabolism] as a regulating law of social reproduction”.
In other words: farming and other productive activities have to restore the ecological balance, and this can only really be achieved under a system where people and the environment come before profits — socialism.
Australian-developed permaculture farming principles aim at restoring this balance. Within capitalist Australia, permaculture remains a fringe movement. But in socialist Cuba, it has become mainstream. Viewers of the inspiring film The Power of Community can see with their own eyes the depth of meaning that Marx attached to “healing the metabolic rift”. It is a physical healing of the land, combined with a spiritual rejuvenation of human society.
As Roz Paterson and Jack Ferguson reported in the May 25 Scottish Socialist Voice: “In the 1990s, Cuba made the transition from an industrial society, where farming was conducted on a massive scale, with a heavy reliance on fossil fuel-based pesticides and fertilisers, to a sustainable one, with a food economy based on small organic farms, workers’ co-operatives and urban gardens.”
In Havana, more than 90% of perishable produce is grown within or near the city limits. “Nowadays”, Paterson and Ferguson explained, “while the children of much richer nations begin to fall prey to diet-related diseases we thought we’d seen the back of, such as malnutrition and rickets, as well as life-shrinking levels of obesity, and at a time when we’re throwing away a third of all the food we buy, Cubans are chowing down on the kind of food we can only aspire to — local, organic, fresh — and learning to waste nothing”.
The SSV reported that instead of artificial fertilisers, Cuban farmers use micro-organisms that enrich the soil, earthworms, compost, animal and green manure, and the integration of grazing livestock.
Unfortunately, Australian agribusiness treats the soil like dirt. Similar to using the earth as a hydroponic growth medium, synthetic fertilisers and pesticides are flung around and water pumped through. Farmers who resist these trends are subjected to financial pressure; meanwhile the soil turns acidic and the rivers choke with algae.
Another concern for Marx was the struggle over the Corn Laws, which between 1815 and 1846 were tariffs protecting rich British farmers against foreign competition. Manchester-based industrialists successfully overturned the laws to reduce the amount that they had to pay in wages.
The factory bosses knew that keeping food cheap helps keep wages low. The “reproduction” of labour means workers have to arrive at work with enough food in their bellies to create surplus value for the boss. Cheapening food means that bosses can drive wages down towards a minimum sustenance level.
But cheap food isn’t always good food: often it isn’t really food at all. In Marx’s day, cheap workers’ bread contained stone dust, chalk, pearl ashes, soap and other such choice items. In Capital, Marx quoted testimony to the 1855 parliamentary inquiry into food adulteration that, because of contamination, “the poor men who lived on two pounds of bread a day did not take in one fourth of that amount of nutrition”.
The modern equivalent of such contamination is food colourings and other additives. Eric Schlosser’s Fast Food Nation gives the 50 or so ingredients that constitute the typical artificial strawberry flavour.
The artificial flavour industry took off in the 1950s, when the gas chromatograph and mass spectrometers were invented, allowing the detection of gases in minute quantities. This allowed for tiny amounts of odour and colour to be attached to questionable foods.
We can often tell whether food is fresh or stale by its colour, odour or taste. But artificial additives disguise this. What was ground up rock to our great grandparents is today the mystifying list of numbers on labels. The modern equivalent to the factory owners’ victory over the Corn Laws is our cheap, mass-produced “food” — the modern McDiet.
As a marginal product in Australia, organic food is a little more expensive. But its price shows the real cost of producing authentic food. The artificial number soup slopped out by the Australian food industry simply isn’t worth eating.
From: Comment & Analysis, Green Left Weekly issue #717 18 July 2007.
Source: [[Green Left - Permaculture and Marxism|http://www.greenleft.org.au/2007/717/37245]]
/***
|Name|HaloscanMacro|
|Created by|JimSpeth|
|Location|http://end.com/~speth/HaloscanMacro.html|
|Version|1.1.0|
|Requires|~TW2.x|
!Description
Comment and trackback support for TiddlyWiki (via Haloscan).
!History
* 16-Feb-06, version 1.1.0, drastic changes, now uses settings from haloscan account config
* 31-Jan-06, version 1.0.1, fixed display of counts for default tiddlers
* 30-Jan-06, version 1.0, initial release
!Examples
|!Source|!Output|h
|{{{<<haloscan comments>>}}}|<<haloscan comments>>|
|{{{<<haloscan trackbacks>>}}}|<<haloscan trackbacks>>|
!Installation
Register for a [[Haloscan|http://www.haloscan.com]] account. It's free and painless.
Install the HaloscanMacro in a new tiddler with a tag of systemConfig (save and reload to activate).
In the macro configuration code (below), change //ratbagmedia// to your Haloscan account name.
Use the macro somewhere in a tiddler (see ViewTemplate for an example).
!Settings
You can adjust various options for your account in the member configuration area of Haloscan's web site. The macro will use these settings when formatting the links.
!Code
***/
//{{{
/* change "ratbagmedia" to your Haloscan account name */
config.macros.haloscan = {account: "ratbagmedia", baseURL: "http://www.haloscan.com/load/"};
var haloscanLoaded = 0;
config.macros.haloscan.load = function ()
{
if (haloscanLoaded == 1)
return;
account = config.macros.haloscan.account;
if (!account || (account == "YourName"))
account = store.getTiddlerText("SiteTitle");
var el = document.createElement('script');
el.language = 'JavaScript';
el.type = 'text/javascript';
el.src = config.macros.haloscan.baseURL + account;
document.documentElement.childNodes[0].appendChild(el);
haloscanLoaded = 1;
}
config.macros.haloscan.load();
/* this totally clobbers document.write, i hope that's ok */
var safeWrite = function(s)
{
document.written = s;
return s;
};
document.write = safeWrite;
config.macros.haloscan.refreshDefaultTiddlers = function ()
{
var start = store.getTiddlerText("DefaultTiddlers");
if (start)
{
var titles = start.readBracketedList();
for (var t=titles.length-1; t>=0; t--)
story.refreshTiddler(titles[t], DEFAULT_VIEW_TEMPLATE, 1);
}
}
var haloscanRefreshed = 0;
config.macros.haloscan.handler = function (place, macroName, params, wikifier, paramString, tiddler)
{
if (typeof HaloScan == 'undefined')
{
if (haloscanRefreshed == 0)
{
setTimeout("config.macros.haloscan.refreshDefaultTiddlers()", 1);
haloscanRefreshed = 1;
}
return;
}
var id = story.findContainingTiddler(place).id.substr(7);
var hs_search = new RegExp('\\W','gi');
id = id.replace(hs_search,"_");
account = config.macros.haloscan.account;
if (!account || (account == "YourName"))
account = store.getTiddlerText("SiteTitle");
var haloscanError = function (msg)
{
createTiddlyError(place, config.messages.macroError.format(["HaloscanMacro"]), config.messages.macroErrorDetails.format(["HaloscanMacro", msg]));
}
if (params.length == 1)
{
if (params[0] == "comments")
{
postCount(id);
commentsLabel = document.written;
commentsPrompt = "Comments on this tiddler";
var commentsHandler = function(e) { HaloScan(id); return false; };
var commentsButton = createTiddlyButton(place, commentsLabel, commentsPrompt, commentsHandler);
}
else if (params[0] == "trackbacks")
{
postCountTB(id);
trackbacksLabel = document.written;
trackbacksPrompt = "Trackbacks for this tiddler";
var trackbacksHandler = function(e) { HaloScanTB(id); return false; };
var trackbackButton = createTiddlyButton(place, trackbacksLabel, trackbacksPrompt, trackbacksHandler);
}
else
haloscanError("unknown parameter: " + params[0]);
}
else if (params.length == 0)
haloscanError("missing parameter");
else
haloscanError("bad parameter count");
}
//}}}
Hauling Cargo by Bike
Most people underestimate how much they can transport using their own muscle power. With the right equipment, it is easy to move loads too large for an automobile.
hauling an old refrigerator on a bike and trailer
Hauling an old refrigerator
* Why Transport Cargo by Bike? - The benefits of using human-powered vehicles to move cargo
* How Much Can I Haul? - A look at what is physically possible. Includes a calculator.
* How to Measure Grade - A simple method of measuring the slope of a hill.
* Gearing and Gear Inches - Good gearing is critical to hauling heavy loads. This examines the subject in some detail. Includes some formulas for calculating gear ratios.
* Bicycle Trailer Guide - What to look for when purchasing or building a bicycle cargo trailer
* Moving a Household by Bike - Some examples and tips
* Moving a Refrigerator by Bike - Easier to do than it might first appear. Here's a case study using two refrigerators.
shopping cart icon View Cart &
Source: [[Hauling Cargo by Bike|http://www.bikesatwork.com/hauling-cargo-by-bike/]]
How our Homes became the Equivalent of a Hummer
December 3, 2007 · 6 Comments
“In 1946, when the American post war housing boom started, the average house was 1100 square feet and housed 5 people. Fifty years latter, in 1996 the average house would grow to 2200 square feet and house 2.6 people and by 2007, fueled by easy credit, the average American home would would become the equivalent of a Hummer, “weighing in” at super-sized 2,400 square feet.”
In 1934, during the depths of the Depression, Congress passed the National Housing Act to strengthen a deeply troubled housing market. This act created the Federal Housing Administration (FHA) which was amended in 1938 to create the Federal National Mortgage Association (Ginnie Mae) – an entity designed to help mortgage lenders gain access to capital for mortgage loans. An important element of this legislation was to make mortgage funds available to more Americans by protecting lenders from the risk of default. In its earliest days, Fannie Mae nationalized the mortgage industry by creating the first mechanism in America for selling individual mortgages (backed the U.S. government) into a secondary market.
When the FHA and Fannie Mae were created, the housing industry was flat on its back:
* Two million construction workers had lost their jobs.
* Housing finance was a fragmented, inefficient and illiquid. Mortgage rates varied considerably from region to region. In some economically distressed regions there were simply no funds available.
* Terms were very difficult to meet for homebuyers seeking mortgages.
* Lending institutions would issue a mortgage, collect payments, and file the mortgage away until the principal was paid off. A lack of available, consistently priced capital put a hard ceiling on the number of new mortgages that could be issued.
* Mortgage loan terms were limited to 50 percent of the property’s market value. Borrower’s were faced with a 50% down payment and a repayment schedule spread over three to five years and ending with a large balloon payment.
* America was primarily a nation of renters. Only four in 10 households owned homes.
* Homes were NOT considered as investments and refi’s and equity withdrawals were extremely rare.
In the 1940’s after WWII, the FHA and the GI Bill helped finance millions of homes for returning veterans and their families. This post war period would mark the peak of American economic dominance. We were still the world’s major oil producer AND exporter and due to the devastation of the European manufacturing base, we dominated the world in virtually every industrial and manufacturing sector.
Fueled by cheap and abundant fossil fuel energy, this period would also mark the beginning of an American landscape built around the automobile and the “American (suburban) Dream”. These were “heady” times and the freedom of movement afforded by the automobile combined with affordable housing for millions of returning GI’s would prove seductive. We would build cars and homes as if the gasoline, natural gas, fuel oil, and electricity that made driving and comfortable home dwelling possible would be cheap and abundant forever. The big lumbering gas guzzling V8’s of the forties and fifties would be driven home to the energy guzzling, thinly insulated, drafty homes of a new suburbia. The cars would last about 5 five years. The homes however would last an average of 75 years.
In 1946, when the American post war housing boom started, the average house was 1100 square feet and housed 5 people. Fifty years latter, in 1996 the average house would grow to 2200 square feet and house 2.6 people and by 2007, fueled by easy credit, the average American home would would become the equivalent of a Hummer, “weighing in” at super-sized 2,400 square feet. The peaking of U.S. oil production in 1971, the formation of OPEC in 1973 and the associated energy crisis’ of the 1970’s would force much needed improvements in our building codes. However, today’s homes are still grossly under-insulated and 1/3 of their energy losses are still the result of air leaks through poorly constructed exterior walls! Our home energy standards are possibly worse than our car and truck CAFE standards (federal mileage requirements). Look underneath the hood of our homes and you’ll 500 HP, super charged forced air furnaces lumbering away in our basements and holding the cold at bay with the brute force of natural gas and oil. We are still behaving as if cheap energy sources are forever.
Adding to the problem is the current culture of “homes as investments” and average ownership cycles of only 5 years. We are a culture with a myopic time horizon where granite countertops, super-sized floorplans, and home-equity financed SUV’s trump energy efficiency and solar hot water systems. This “housing bubble” culture may soon be going the way of the dinosaur with the fall of the sub-prime loan market, the collapse of Wall Street’s sleazy and toxic secondary market for home mortgages, and the first serious decline in home values since the great depression. However, the final death blow will come with the peaking of fossil fuel production, fuel shortages, blackouts, and the obvious and urgent need to transform our housing stock into some semblance of energy efficiency.
Source: [[How our Homes became the Equivalent of a Hummer « The Sustainable Home Blog|http://sunhomedesign.wordpress.com/2007/12/03/how-our-homes-became-the-equivalent-of-gas-guzzling-hummers/]]
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</script><table class="stepsContainer" cellpadding="0" width="100%"><tbody><tr valign="top"><td class="steps"><div class="tooltipByID ttid_ALLSTEPSTT"><a name="allstepslogin"></a><div id="allsteps_top"><a href="http://www.instructables.com/id/How-to-Build-Up-a-Bike/#" onclick="makeHelpBubbleText('allstepslogin'); return false;"><br></a></div></div><div class="tooltipByID ttid_S2HZ9Q0OX3ES9J6CH6"><span>intro</span><img class="selectedStep" src="http://www.instructables.com/files/deriv/FOH/EDIC/9C4ES9J6AN1/FOHEDIC9C4ES9J6AN1.TINY.jpg" alt=""></div><div class="tooltipByID ttid_EVFV6YJUP2ES9J6CKJ"><a href="http://www.instructables.com/id/EVFV6YJUP2ES9J6CKJ/"><span>step 1</span><img src="http://www.instructables.com/files/deriv/FPO/YI2T/LTEES9J6ALN/FPOYI2TLTEES9J6ALN.TINY.jpg" alt=""></a></div><div class="tooltipByID ttid_E6QDFM7AHXES9J6CL9"><a href="http://www.instructables.com/id/E6QDFM7AHXES9J6CL9/"><span>step 2</span><img src="http://www.instructables.com/files/deriv/FKQ/WIHY/YDDES9J6AMC/FKQWIHYYDDES9J6AMC.TINY.jpg" alt=""></a></div><div class="tooltipByID ttid_ESM45R59ALES9J6CNI"><a href="http://www.instructables.com/id/ESM45R59ALES9J6CNI/"><span>step 3</span><img src="http://www.instructables.com/files/deriv/FVE/ZAGH/3KOES9J6AVV/FVEZAGH3KOES9J6AVV.TINY.jpg" alt=""></a></div><div class="tooltipByID ttid_E6W6OMC3GXES9J6CMI"><a href="http://www.instructables.com/id/E6W6OMC3GXES9J6CMI/"><span>step 4</span><img src="http://www.instructables.com/files/deriv/F15/PLXF/A9SES9J6AU0/F15PLXFA9SES9J6AU0.TINY.jpg" alt=""></a></div><div class="tooltipByID ttid_EIQOF8KXBJES9J6COK"><a href="http://www.instructables.com/id/EIQOF8KXBJES9J6COK/"><span>step 5</span><img src="http://www.instructables.com/files/deriv/FXD/RQTZ/SO2ES9J6BBJ/FXDRQTZSO2ES9J6BBJ.TINY.jpg" alt=""></a></div><div class="tooltipByID ttid_E83XPM3OBSES9J6CQU"><a href="http://www.instructables.com/id/E83XPM3OBSES9J6CQU/"><span>step 6</span><img src="http://www.instructables.com/files/deriv/FJH/LGUA/WZOES9J6BAU/FJHLGUAWZOES9J6BAU.TINY.jpg" alt=""></a></div><div class="tooltipByID ttid_ENZWEQI7QIES9J6CRO"><a href="http://www.instructables.com/id/ENZWEQI7QIES9J6CRO/"><span>step 7</span><img src="http://www.instructables.com/files/deriv/FKJ/FXKK/7GDES9J6B9G/FKJFXKK7GDES9J6B9G.TINY.jpg" alt=""></a></div><div class="tooltipByID ttid_EFR1W9R7QTES9J6CS6"><a href="http://www.instructables.com/id/EFR1W9R7QTES9J6CS6/"><span>step 8</span><img src="http://www.instructables.com/static/defaultIMG/default.TINY.gif" alt=""></a></div><div class="tooltipByID ttid_EQZZOF1CYSES9J6CST"><a href="http://www.instructables.com/id/EQZZOF1CYSES9J6CST/"><span>step 9</span><img src="http://www.instructables.com/files/deriv/F5Q/FWIM/MKJES9J6B8R/F5QFWIMMKJES9J6B8R.TINY.jpg" alt=""></a></div><div class="tooltipByID ttid_EHPC0GML5AES9J6CTV"><a href="http://www.instructables.com/id/EHPC0GML5AES9J6CTV/"><span>step 10</span><img src="http://www.instructables.com/files/deriv/FP1/9KO2/XMGES9J6BHF/FP19KO2XMGES9J6BHF.TINY.jpg" alt=""></a></div><div class="tooltipByID ttid_EX83JXB6NJES9J6CUE"><a href="http://www.instructables.com/id/EX83JXB6NJES9J6CUE/"><span>step 11</span><img src="http://www.instructables.com/files/deriv/F54/F0QL/1WHES9J6BGQ/F54F0QL1WHES9J6BGQ.TINY.jpg" alt=""></a></div><div class="tooltipByID ttid_ELMCRCH1ZIES9J6CV7"><a href="http://www.instructables.com/id/ELMCRCH1ZIES9J6CV7/"><span>step 12</span><img src="http://www.instructables.com/files/deriv/FGI/3RDF/HZ7ES9J6BG1/FGI3RDFHZ7ES9J6BG1.TINY.jpg" alt=""></a></div><div class="tooltipByID ttid_E4EW0U18C3ES9J6CVV"><a href="http://www.instructables.com/id/E4EW0U18C3ES9J6CVV/"><span>step 13</span><img src="http://www.instructables.com/files/deriv/FNH/4WGH/EZXES9J6BV8/FNH4WGHEZXES9J6BV8.TINY.jpg" alt=""></a></div><div class="tooltipByID ttid_ELZZ9X6S4UES9J6CWE"><a href="http://www.instructables.com/id/ELZZ9X6S4UES9J6CWE/"><span>step 14</span><img src="http://www.instructables.com/files/deriv/FFZ/9ZCS/TRUES9J6BPW/FFZ9ZCSTRUES9J6BPW.TINY.jpg" alt=""></a></div><div class="tooltipByID ttid_E3VZW8XRC0ES9J6CX7"><a href="http://www.instructables.com/id/E3VZW8XRC0ES9J6CX7/"><span>step 15</span><img src="http://www.instructables.com/files/deriv/F0B/I0NK/DNHES9J6BP7/F0BI0NKDNHES9J6BP7.TINY.jpg" alt=""></a></div><div class="tooltipByID ttid_E8UG5OB0SBES9J6CXQ"><a href="http://www.instructables.com/id/E8UG5OB0SBES9J6CXQ/"><span>step 16</span><img src="http://www.instructables.com/files/deriv/FK6/IYIJ/TI2ES9J6C3F/FK6IYIJTI2ES9J6C3F.TINY.jpg" alt=""></a></div><div class="tooltipByID ttid_E9M3TDFPZDES9J6E2P"><a href="http://www.instructables.com/id/E9M3TDFPZDES9J6E2P/"><span>step 17</span><img src="http://www.instructables.com/files/deriv/FJ7/IQ6R/CGCES9J6C5I/FJ7IQ6RCGCES9J6C5I.TINY.jpg" alt=""></a></div><div class="tooltipByID ttid_EFQ9CYZYHGES9J6E3K"><a href="http://www.instructables.com/id/EFQ9CYZYHGES9J6E3K/"><span>step 18</span><img src="http://www.instructables.com/files/deriv/FVR/Z20S/23TES9J6BY0/FVRZ20S23TES9J6BY0.TINY.jpg" alt=""></a></div><div class="tooltipByID ttid_ECQLA404KEES9J6E48"><a href="http://www.instructables.com/id/ECQLA404KEES9J6E48/"><span>step 19</span><img src="http://www.instructables.com/files/deriv/F4U/3KU9/1P4ES9J6BWM/F4U3KU91P4ES9J6BWM.TINY.jpg" alt=""></a></div><div class="tooltipByID ttid_EHIRGEJ75NES9J6E59"><a href="http://www.instructables.com/id/EHIRGEJ75NES9J6E59/"><span>step 20</span><img src="http://www.instructables.com/files/deriv/FRU/YJ1S/WNHES9J6CA8/FRUYJ1SWNHES9J6CA8.TINY.jpg" alt=""></a></div><div class="tooltipByID ttid_E3RS9JT9TZES9J6E5S"><a href="http://www.instructables.com/id/E3RS9JT9TZES9J6E5S/"><span>step 21</span><img src="http://www.instructables.com/files/deriv/FHE/ABLJ/K0YES9J6C67/FHEABLJK0YES9J6C67.TINY.jpg" alt=""></a></div><div class="tooltipByID ttid_EJTKNM1AUBES9J6EBG"><a href="http://www.instructables.com/id/EJTKNM1AUBES9J6EBG/"><span>step 22</span><img 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<div><span class="stepLabel" style="padding-right: 5px;">intro</span><span class="stepTitle">How to Build Up a Bike</span></div>This
is a guide to building up a bike from parts. It should help you get the
parts and tools you need to get you pedalling along in no time. It
assumes that you have tinkered with your bike, but are not an expert.
Hope it helps! <br>
<br>
-Joe</html>
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/***
|Name:|LessBackupsPlugin|
|Description:|Intelligently limit the number of backup files you create|
|Version:|3.0 ($Rev: 2320 $)|
|Date:|$Date: 2007-06-18 22:37:46 +1000 (Mon, 18 Jun 2007) $|
|Source:|http://mptw.tiddlyspot.com/#LessBackupsPlugin|
|Author:|Simon Baird|
|Email:|simon.baird@gmail.com|
|License:|http://mptw.tiddlyspot.com/#TheBSDLicense|
!!Description
You end up with just backup one per year, per month, per weekday, per hour, minute, and second. So total number won't exceed about 200 or so. Can be reduced by commenting out the seconds/minutes/hours line from modes array
!!Notes
Works in IE and Firefox only. Algorithm by Daniel Baird. IE specific code by by Saq Imtiaz.
***/
//{{{
window.getSpecialBackupPath = function(backupPath) {
var MINS = 60 * 1000;
var HOURS = 60 * MINS;
var DAYS = 24 * HOURS;
// comment out the ones you don't want
var modes = [
["YYYY", 365*DAYS], // one per year for ever
["MMM", 31*DAYS], // one per month
["latest",0] // always keep last version. (leave this).
];
var now = new Date();
for (var i=0;i<modes.length;i++) {
// the filename we will try
var specialBackupPath = backupPath.replace(/(\.)([0-9]+\.[0-9]+)(\.html)$/,
'$1'+now.formatString(modes[i][0]).toLowerCase()+'$3')
// open the file
try {
if (config.browser.isIE) {
var fsobject = new ActiveXObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject")
var fileExists = fsobject.FileExists(specialBackupPath);
if (fileExists) {
var fileObject = fsobject.GetFile(specialBackupPath);
var modDate = new Date(fileObject.DateLastModified).valueOf();
}
}
else {
netscape.security.PrivilegeManager.enablePrivilege("UniversalXPConnect");
var file = Components.classes["@mozilla.org/file/local;1"].createInstance(Components.interfaces.nsILocalFile);
file.initWithPath(specialBackupPath);
var fileExists = file.exists();
if (fileExists) {
var modDate = file.lastModifiedTime;
}
}
}
catch(e) {
// give up
return backupPath;
}
// expiry is used to tell if it's an 'old' one. Eg, if the month is June and there is a
// June file on disk that's more than an month old then it must be stale so overwrite
// note that "latest" should be always written because the expiration period is zero (see above)
var expiry = new Date(modDate + modes[i][1]);
if (!fileExists || now > expiry)
return specialBackupPath;
}
}
// hijack the core function
window.getBackupPath_mptw_orig = window.getBackupPath;
window.getBackupPath = function(localPath) {
return getSpecialBackupPath(getBackupPath_mptw_orig(localPath));
}
//}}}
<html><p style="margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 0pt; padding-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center; line-height: 0pt;"><a href="http://feeds.feedburner.com/%7Er/blogspot/ztWh/%7E6/2"><img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/blogspot/ztWh.2.gif" alt="Life of Riley" style="border: 0pt none ;"></a></p><p style="margin-top: 5px; padding-top: 0pt; font-size: x-small; text-align: center;"><a href="http://www.feedburner.com/fb/a/headlineanimator/install?id=125079&w=2" onclick="window.open(this.href, 'haHowto', 'width=520,height=600,toolbar=no,address=no,resizable=yes,scrollbars'); return false" target="_blank">↑ Grab this Headline Animator</a></p></html>
<html><h2 class="r">A selection of those published in <span style="font-style: italic;">Green Left Weekly</span></h2><br><br><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1994/154/9148" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','1','AFQjCNFCH522FIKQoFKnBfwN8kGpdknCUA','&sig2=eU_rh7A_V23sPpK3FsLW2w')"> <b>Life of Riley</b>: Party On, <b>Dave</b>.</a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">REGULAR FEATURE. <b>Life of Riley</b>: Party On, <b>Dave</b>. 10 August 1994 <b>...</b> For a time we each embrace social <b>life</b> in a big way. There's nothing wrong with that <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1994/154/9148 - 16k </span><nobr><span class="bl"></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1994/167/8441" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','2','AFQjCNFzYlsVxdlserjoJ23MfR75Z1exgw','&sig2=jShYQY_c1076O4RnP3g7lw')"> <b>Life of Riley</b>: Politics for beginners</a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1"><b>Life of Riley</b>: Politics for beginners. 16 November 1994. Politics for beginners. By <b>Dave Riley</b>. The way Graham Richardson calls it, politics is a mug's game <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1994/167/8441 - 17k -</span><nobr><span class="bl"></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1997/300/15351" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','3','AFQjCNGPvg41Jfyj3-OyekUuR6adoGX-sA','&sig2=JdFw65d5syeyM0brroBXXw')"> <b>Life of Riley</b>: What's in a <b>life</b>?</a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">Isn't that the publication <b>Dave Riley</b> writes for?” There are people out there who buy it <b>...</b> Living the <b>life of Riley</b> isn't all that it's cracked up to be. <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1997/300/15351 - 17k - </span><nobr><span class="bl"></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1995/207/11024" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','4','AFQjCNFwf482d7CW7j8kUwrgNmRvyg0KGA','&sig2=hrnLMVl9pQSh38mnIwWLgg')"> <b>Life of Riley</b></a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">Once there you should be set for <b>life</b>. But despite your immense talent and <b>...</b> <b>Dave Riley</b> Á. From: Cultural Dissent, Green Left Weekly issue #207 17 October <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1995/207/11024 - 15k - </span><nobr><span class="bl"></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1996/258/12818" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','5','AFQjCNGtwk8ufT_Vi3cIfgPJ2eOvNBJjqQ','&sig2=vKhKKd1bly2KEcyLzhLutQ')"> <b>Life of Riley</b>: Christmas Classifieds</a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">Message reads: COME BACK KARL! WE STILL HAVE A WORLD TO WIN! <b>Dave Riley</b> <b>...</b> <b>Life of Riley</b>: Christmas Class... Looking out: Deaths in custody. <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1996/258/12818 - 21k - </span><nobr><span class="bl"></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1996/242/13770" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','6','AFQjCNHb-iSsR37QVpcgvS_aDheiVi0h-w','&sig2=Oe3UFgY-X1m2n6lCuN8nPg')"> <b>Life of Riley</b>: It's over and done with</a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">Relieved. Relieved, Mr <b>Riley</b>? -- Voided of excrement, Sir. <b>Dave Riley</b> <b>...</b> <b>Life of</b> <b>Riley</b>: It's over and d... Looking out: White Power! <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1996/242/13770 - 21k - </span><nobr><span class="bl"></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1995/211/10794" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','7','AFQjCNHSzfOC-4cqKSGE0rHxteP8BwFyTw','&sig2=v026RM2ZIKWEucFEJ6zlKQ')"> <b>Life of Riley</b></a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">If you want to get ahead in <b>life</b> it is a bequest you need. The fruits of someone's mortal toil <b>...</b> I don't feel guilty. I'm just a lucky bastard. <b>Dave Riley</b> <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1995/211/10794 - 15k - </span><nobr><span class="bl"></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1994/158/8937" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','8','AFQjCNFZ6GTuHwTiEhaUobvhrO4myNOuWw','&sig2=wMtyL6PMD9-MmVa2McN2Sg')"> <b>Life of Riley</b>: When RJ Hawke did Woodstock</a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">By <b>Dave Riley</b>. There he was on stage, gigging away after Jimmy Hendrix. <b>...</b> Lenin Rests; <b>Life of Riley</b>: When RJ Hawke... Long live the Revolution! <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1994/158/8937 - 21k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:b5ruxrnCTWEJ:www.greenleft.org.au/1994/158/8937+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=8">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1994/158/8937">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=0&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1994/158/8937')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1997/293/15785" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','9','AFQjCNHENqpyiGaW6JAhX5lAFSImIxrAdQ','&sig2=dm5WGsvyFaDaYWpRu-le6Q')"> <b>Life of Riley</b>: My holiday</a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">God, I'm good!” That's the day I flew home. By <b>Dave Riley</b> <b>...</b> <b>Life of Riley</b>: My holiday; Looking out: Practising on me; Loose cannons; Native title rally <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1997/293/15785 - 23k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:zfaQ5mBTDy0J:www.greenleft.org.au/1997/293/15785+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=9">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1997/293/15785">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=0&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1997/293/15785')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1995/213/10712" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','10','AFQjCNEqg8TWCqriILohW6Rrl1Oir45_6w','&sig2=9oONRX5fpLdFr5RipZVprw')">- <b>Life of Riley</b></a></h2><font size="-1"><b>...</b> by drawing pleasure and sustenance from the slaughter, and once dead, eat them. <b>Dave Riley</b> <b>...</b> Interesting instrumentation; <b>Life of Riley</b>; On the Box <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1995/213/10712 - 17k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:AfRYbrhJRgoJ:www.greenleft.org.au/1995/213/10712+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=10">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1995/213/10712">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=0&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1995/213/10712')">Note this</a><br></span></nobr></font><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1995/215/10605" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','11','AFQjCNEsKA92bdE1WNvGhNh3-6WuuBNVvQ','&sig2=aUihlwyk8zlxTeUrQAKE0Q')">- <b>Life of Riley</b></a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">Bookmark | Print. Home » 1995 » #215 » Cultural Dissent » <b>Life of Riley</b> <b>...</b> owned -- we have no alternative but to take our vandalism seriously! <b>Dave Riley</b> <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.green</span></font>
<h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1994/144/9695" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','12','AFQjCNH0s-jfFS3ajGZpVtc7fjdSXE_4Pg','&sig2=JwdrLN7j6aPyu4EeeI7eUA')">Green Left - The <b>life of Riley</b>: Help wanted</a></h2>
<font size="-1"><span class="a">left.org.au/1995/215/10605 - 17k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:6DBaMCl1XAQJ:www.greenleft.org.au/1995/215/10605+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=11">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1995/215/10605">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=10&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1995/215/10605')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="g"><!--m--><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">Home » 1994 » #144 » General » The <b>life of Riley</b>: Help wanted <b>...</b> This country cannot survive if its youth insist on bypassing the dole.” ... <b>Dave Riley</b> <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1994/144/9695 - 21k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:uptT6kDE0HMJ:www.greenleft.org.au/1994/144/9695+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=12">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1994/144/9695">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=10&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1994/144/9695')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1996/250/13306" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','13','AFQjCNEurs-qhgbbIQuTWUnnTzWxQtnI_A','&sig2=KRCDAXrMsmwnf5mD81GrWQ')">Green Left - <b>Life of Riley</b>: Buying back the farm</a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">Beside the small Buddhist shrine at the door, we'll keep a <b>life</b>-sized cut-out of Jimmy <b>...</b> We're buying back the farm from the likes of you. <b>Dave Riley</b> <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1996/250/13306 - 22k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:UrIAxynsJUcJ:www.greenleft.org.au/1996/250/13306+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=13">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1996/250/13306">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=10&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1996/250/13306')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1995/209/10913" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','14','AFQjCNG4o-uhSIYkIJRkPfJuPB98IhPXvg','&sig2=DUYdavtUmVryY_5zzpwQpg')">Green Left - <b>Life of riley</b></a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">(And even that was purchased from Myers!) <b>Dave Riley</b> <b>...</b> <b>Life of riley</b>; On the Box; Politics in a land of discours... Radio highlights; Redressing the <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1995/209/10913 - 15k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:MHTHEulwefEJ:www.greenleft.org.au/1995/209/10913+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=14">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1995/209/10913">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=10&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1995/209/10913')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1995/201/11240" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','15','AFQjCNFO26p9zu17HRmIP5FnVylejR5ptQ','&sig2=GqYcaT30kgcx2viBvTSxNQ')">Green Left - <b>Life of Riley</b>: The discreet charm of bosses</a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">Home » 1995 » #201 » Cultural Dissent » <b>Life of Riley</b>: The discreet <b>...</b> <b>Dave Riley</b>. From: Cultural Dissent, Green Left Weekly issue #201 6 September 1995. <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1995/201/11240 - 15k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:QAutLbpLy5cJ:www.greenleft.org.au/1995/201/11240+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=15">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1995/201/11240">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=10&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1995/201/11240')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1995/197/11491" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','16','AFQjCNESiv699lT3VTOSuBa0Aw2Vp_HsdA','&sig2=Cny1zfsIbNqAAgHVpTCMXQ')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b></a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">Bookmark | Print. Home » 1995 » #197 » Archives » Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b> <b>...</b> “Well, to us then. Here's to Punch and Judy.” “To us.” <b>Dave Riley</b> <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1995/197/11491 - 16k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:uyPWY1gBEmwJ:www.greenleft.org.au/1995/197/11491+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=16">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1995/197/11491">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=10&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1995/197/11491')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1998/317/21334" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','17','AFQjCNHvBvR_GHWcyaCKJPW03jTBKXtddw','&sig2=Z2ZbWLnn1VOhDSKQ3kdmfg')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: Regarding the last 30 <b>...</b></a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">Home » 1998 » #317 » Archives » Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: Regarding the last 30 years <b>...</b> What? Someone like you? I wouldn't dare. By <b>Dave Riley</b> <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1998/317/21334 - 16k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:ysjDq_ls9qYJ:www.greenleft.org.au/1998/317/21334+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=17">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1998/317/21334">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=10&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1998/317/21334')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1998/328/20621" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','18','AFQjCNHqtkNmBTnxRpSFdOKKO-BDB61ECA','&sig2=wcVP6P9dWdGzu4moqHAPVw')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: A time of reckoning</a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">Then followed, in quick succession, the <b>Life of Riley</b> web page and <b>...</b> So I said: “<b>Dave</b>, you've had a good innings. Maybe it's time you stepped aside?” <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1998/328/20621 - 16k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:9TwbqJXnvRMJ:www.greenleft.org.au/1998/328/20621+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=18">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1998/328/20621">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=10&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1998/328/20621')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1996/240/13922" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','19','AFQjCNGpOrxYWAVJf_8KrnB94pGe3O3hGA','&sig2=oSgeEaD2tSf3AZeOYHBm3Q')">Green Left - <b>Life of Riley</b>: The Olympic spirit</a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">Home » 1996 » #240 » Cultural Dissent » <b>Life of Riley</b>: The Olympic spirit <b>...</b> does not -- and from all accounts, should not -- extend that far. <b>Dave Riley</b> <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1996/240/13922 - 15k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:H2UU3KKOKbIJ:www.greenleft.org.au/1996/240/13922+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=19">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1996/240/13922">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=10&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1996/240/13922')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1999/383/18195" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','20','AFQjCNEiVQQFQtmBLESlSNCwzUynjOzPGg','&sig2=o-ldi_wkHyR7umsl19glrQ')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: Living on my Reillys <b>...</b></a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">By <b>Dave Riley</b> <dhell@ozemail.com.au> <b>...</b> Regular Feature: <b>Life</b> o... Regular Feature: Lookin... Regular Feature: Loose ... Regular Feature: On the. <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1999/383/18195 - 16k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:038e__867B8J:www.greenleft.org.au/1999/383/18195+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=20">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1999/383/18195">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=10&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1999/383/18195')">Note this</a><br></span></nobr></font><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1994/146/9524" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','21','AFQjCNGtBLnxvnn6vmxeFiAe0rdtn-bNVA','&sig2=oDLvCaerEGuhe5EJ6JcRsQ')">n Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: <b>Riley</b> Inc</a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1"><b>Riley</b> Inc. By <b>Dave Riley</b>. Are you concerned about social issues and corporate <b>...</b> Stop being an anonymous statistic by turning your <b>life</b> into a ledger. <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1994/146/9524 - 17k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:QRGfTAhAWlIJ:www.greenleft.org.au/1994/146/9524+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=21">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1994/146/9524">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=20&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1994/146/9524')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/2000/411/23324" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','22','AFQjCNG79DF5VSwAgwL5pwfLoqRjv4r3uw','&sig2=zE695kvkvS2WmPchC-sagw')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: How about that!</a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">It's the building block of <b>life</b>. Something like Leggo, really -- you put it all together and make <b>life</b> <b>...</b> BY <b>DAVE RILEY</b> <http://www.ozemail.com.au/~dhell> <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/2000/411/23324 - 16k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:_rffiMPYZlQJ:www.greenleft.org.au/2000/411/23324+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=22">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/2000/411/23324">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=20&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/2000/411/23324')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/2000/414/23140" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','23','AFQjCNHM1BqA1vdyMjamlPDu9737xDb_tA','&sig2=U0jU0_TUgJm_NtfgvjEriw')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: The magic carpet</a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">We at <b>Life of Riley</b> Enterprises are much distressed to hear such talk. <b>...</b> Credit cards accepted. <b>Dave Riley</b> <http://www.ozemail.com.au/~dhell> <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/2000/414/23140 - 17k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:GjNysWbDEs8J:www.greenleft.org.au/2000/414/23140+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=23">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/2000/414/23140">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=20&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/2000/414/23140')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1998/337/20118" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','24','AFQjCNFp-12m7-ggBzALAhOaoh1Bam-THg','&sig2=-5oJp_sOCmg0FRmCQg7x0Q')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: Spit the dummy, why <b>...</b></a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">Home » 1998 » #337 » Archives » Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: Spit the dummy, <b>...</b> out there that we have just begun to feel cynical about. By <b>Dave Riley</b> <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1998/337/20118 - 16k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:OgQmM6V1FrYJ:www.greenleft.org.au/1998/337/20118+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=24">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1998/337/20118">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=20&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1998/337/20118')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1997/269/17251" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','25','AFQjCNGLaD6XIxjjKHlUubzVjWsgVQGS8Q','&sig2=SyRGrTfrx3Svr-nIbsW4vg')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: Tummy trouble</a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">I am referring of course to LORES -- the <b>Life of Riley</b> Enjoyment Service. Here's how it happened. <b>...</b> By <b>Dave Riley</b>. e-mail: dhell@ozemail.com.au <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1997/269/17251 - 17k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:eq7bSDc4-n0J:www.greenleft.org.au/1997/269/17251+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=25">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1997/269/17251">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=20&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1997/269/17251')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/2000/426/22438" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','26','AFQjCNG5BRklTZNiHAoZKA9zuPOQaO8q7g','&sig2=POWVzGyc3KkwctX4cjiyjg')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: Thwack!</a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">BY <b>DAVE RILEY</b> <dhell@ozemail.com.au>. From: Archives, Green Left Weekly issue #426 1 November 2000. <b>...</b> Regular Feature: <b>Life</b> o... Regular Feature: Lookin. <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/2000/426/22438 - 16k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:Tb41Mto1KZMJ:www.greenleft.org.au/2000/426/22438+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=26">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/2000/426/22438">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=20&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/2000/426/22438')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1999/370/18349" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','27','AFQjCNHKkKIEQTN6bOno-yFv4NRQW7wzvg','&sig2=l4CcAQZeCv8oP-pN_dsezA')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: Let's hear it for <b>...</b></a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">Indeed, <b>Life of Riley</b> Enterprises would like to go on record with its <b>...</b> I can only respect them for their guts and marvel at their success. By <b>Dave Riley</b> <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1999/370/18349 - 17k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:7DYuiLIqYCUJ:www.greenleft.org.au/1999/370/18349+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=27">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1999/370/18349">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=20&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1999/370/18349')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/2000/419/22867" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','28','AFQjCNGwFFqNPafEIiIJNZj5R1GyEFt-sw','&sig2=vGMmZUOe0V1KMgfqrzw85A')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: This little piggy <b>...</b></a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">BY <b>DAVE RILEY</b> <http://www.ozemail.com.au/~dhell>. From: Archives, Green Left Weekly issue #419 6 <b>...</b> Regular Feature: <b>Life</b> o... Regular Feature: Lookin. <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/2000/419/22867 - 15k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:BvRKLhuJfLQJ:www.greenleft.org.au/2000/419/22867+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=28">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/2000/419/22867">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=20&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/2000/419/22867')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/2000/412/23280" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','29','AFQjCNEDY5Ajwd2np6QPPQwUSORVBvd-nQ','&sig2=ATEuJ-sTgoDpjijvrouNGA')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: At last, the 1901 show</a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">I can't hear it? ARE WE HAPPY? You bet we are. BY <b>DAVE</b> <b>RILEY</b> <http://www.ozemail.com.au/~dhell> <b>...</b> Regular Feature: <b>Life</b> o... Regular Feature: Lookin. <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/2000/412/23280 - 16k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:WDCOuQymnGUJ:www.greenleft.org.au/2000/412/23280+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=29">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/2000/412/23280">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=20&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/2000/412/23280')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1998/338/20059" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','30','AFQjCNE2SzXDPbDoxL3iYXt5aWJIOjfLcw','&sig2=AwGz-GIB8X5Tv_soWznPNg')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: Honourable intentions</a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">Home » 1998 » #338 » Archives » Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: Honourable <b>...</b> and you know what he did? -- Sorry. He burnt it down! By <b>Dave Riley</b> <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1998/338/20059 - 15k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:jAbZCIa0JWYJ:www.greenleft.org.au/1998/338/20059+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=30">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1998/338/20059">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=20&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1998/338/20059')">Note this</a><br></span></nobr></font><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1997/264/17578" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','31','AFQjCNFoM7_D3w1CNN6mlrUal3kQYyR4oQ','&sig2=grdKdX4OzcFf1-q-0nprQg')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: Stiff bickies</a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1"><b>Life of Riley</b>: Stiff bickies. The Arnott's extortion attempt has hit the innocent hardest: the company, <b>...</b> By <b>Dave Riley</b> (E-mail: dhell@ozemail.com.au) <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1997/264/17578 - 16k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:5czd0fUMui0J:www.greenleft.org.au/1997/264/17578+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=31">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1997/264/17578">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=30&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1997/264/17578')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1996/248/13387" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','32','AFQjCNHgLyuQEVXVoFW3mi3y7kE2_ZlS8g','&sig2=qMPxGiJZzfiTt98lZXSdbg')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: How about <b>...</b></a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1"><b>Life of Riley</b>: How about terminations for telephones? 25 September 1996 <b>...</b> You never know, but maybe I can get it for you wholesale! <b>Dave Riley</b> <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1996/248/13387 - 18k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:d96naOvccT4J:www.greenleft.org.au/1996/248/13387+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=32">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1996/248/13387">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=30&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1996/248/13387')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/2000/401/23921" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','33','AFQjCNFpXL4Uv4Efz9AP5cdnUiEe8K7pGA','&sig2=8LTVpOTxwd5rfeONB10t6g')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: A faux pas</a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">“No siree: you've lived the <b>life of Riley</b>. You were taken from harm's way and brought up proper. <b>...</b> BY <b>DAVE RILEY</b> <dhell@ozemail.com.au> <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/2000/401/23921 - 16k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:TCRDcJXTyNQJ:www.greenleft.org.au/2000/401/23921+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=33">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/2000/401/23921">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=30&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/2000/401/23921')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1996/251/13245" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','34','AFQjCNHKpucVP2S_J5AfGDxLrDRENj2lJg','&sig2=4CV9zyIZXLSmE-ThM92Yhw')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: The August 19th movement</a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">Home » 1996 » #251 » Archives » Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: The <b>...</b> Both your houses are infected with gratuity, so a plague on both of them. <b>Dave Riley</b> <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1996/251/13245 - 17k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:soG0uE0qpRwJ:www.greenleft.org.au/1996/251/13245+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=34">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1996/251/13245">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=30&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1996/251/13245')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/2000/427/22388" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','35','AFQjCNGgeb05mEnCOHSJsBO6TDpwwRtT4A','&sig2=_j4u9DBwP33VzuSz3e0w-w')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: DOGS</a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1"><b>Life of Riley</b>: DOGS. 8 November 2000 <b>...</b> BY <b>DAVE RILEY</b> <http://www.ozemail.com.<wbr>au/~dhell> <b>...</b> Regular Feature: <b>Life</b> o... Regular Feature: Lookin. <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/2000/427/22388 - 15k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:LjTpGCtI3gcJ:www.greenleft.org.au/2000/427/22388+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=35">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/2000/427/22388">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=30&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/2000/427/22388')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1995/199/11341" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','36','AFQjCNEfivd5BrcLUELRnfKZb3sK-4Db_g','&sig2=oNMFScFY5__RqZCoOwzg4g')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b></a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">He swore an oath to devote his <b>life</b> to the destruction of cruelty and injustice. <b>...</b> By the banks of yon Merri Creek will begin my feat.” <b>Dave Riley</b> <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1995/199/11341 - 17k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:a1OwRAMOqtEJ:www.greenleft.org.au/1995/199/11341+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=36">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1995/199/11341">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=30&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1995/199/11341')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/2000/422/22699" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','37','AFQjCNEs13JxY268Ujh2vs5L4RsF-MNJMg','&sig2=B4HfLBUG5gtY4Auspelglw')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: Mates always</a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">BY <b>DAVE RILEY</b> <http://www.ozemail.com.au/~dhell>. From: Archives, Green Left Weekly issue #422 27 <b>...</b> Regular Feature: <b>Life</b> o... Regular Feature: Loose . <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/2000/422/22699 - 16k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:6DnmZ6fJmR8J:www.greenleft.org.au/2000/422/22699+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=37">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/2000/422/22699">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=30&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/2000/422/22699')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/2000/413/23208" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','38','AFQjCNHufENf3w_HRLo9eyi9ccTm1niUrg','&sig2=ZxLIC1rSDsxKx2aKfEYv-A')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: Memo -- Re: Globalisation</a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">So who gives a stuff, if over there gets it tougher than we get it over here. It's relative. That's <b>life</b>. Fortunately's it not ours. BY <b>DAVE RILEY</b> <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/2000/413/23208 - 15k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:8GY8MZDYfRUJ:www.greenleft.org.au/2000/413/23208+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=38">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/2000/413/23208">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=30&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/2000/413/23208')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/2000/404/23784" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','39','AFQjCNG-yy6rODG5d6RusF4pne3lj9BseQ','&sig2=R1yAfDQPfu2F5QWwcJum6w')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: Elian, the <b>...</b></a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">Do it! The bogyman's here. (Don't tell him it's his dad.) By <b>Dave</b> <b>Riley</b> <dhell@ozemail.com.au> <b>...</b> Regular Feature: <b>Life</b> o... Regular Feature: Lookin. <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/2000/404/23784 - 15k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:AW2cufD4mEIJ:www.greenleft.org.au/2000/404/23784+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=39">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/2000/404/23784">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=30&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/2000/404/23784')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1997/278/16720" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','40','AFQjCNGpZdGidPBU1NEqvgABvqENO_I7hA','&sig2=Ps7m8LlSTeTYOlJJ4oduOQ')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: Identity</a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">Today is the first day of the rest of my <b>life</b>. I mean that. I am determined to become the person I always wanted <b>...</b> <b>Dave Riley</b>. E-mail:dhell@ozemail.com.au <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1997/278/16720 - 18k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:cdo7pgDO5M8J:www.greenleft.org.au/1997/278/16720+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=40">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1997/278/16720">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=30&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1997/278/16720')">Note this</a><br></span></nobr></font><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1997/282/16478" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','41','AFQjCNHKtJrhhQ2r8naIxKSfrSu4rjP8xQ','&sig2=whPA2qLUbFl3shgxfDDe0w')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: Professional foot <b>...</b></a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1"><b>Life</b> can be bitter. Did you ever notice how easily the amateur can eclipse the good standing of an industrious <b>...</b> <b>Dave Riley</b> Email: dhell@ozemail.com.au <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1997/282/16478 - 17k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:bF8QyKNUeJgJ:www.greenleft.org.au/1997/282/16478+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=41">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1997/282/16478">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=40&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1997/282/16478')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1999/364/18669" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','42','AFQjCNE9_-Qh48tFh5aePXUREObRcRzVdQ','&sig2=AlbwWQoVql3a6Xc2L8jSDA')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: Four years ... and <b>...</b></a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">By <b>Dave Riley</b>. [To see a selection of past <b>Life of Riley</b> columns, visit the revamped Satire Workshop on the web at <http://www.ozemail.com.au/~dhell> and <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1999/364/18669 - 15k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:eewkI4tSmvMJ:www.greenleft.org.au/1999/364/18669+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=42">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1999/364/18669">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=40&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1999/364/18669')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/2000/403/23793" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','43','AFQjCNF8KLeZPIBUK3tFKdCZ584ZK8qrZA','&sig2=SahJEYu4I0eZH7LENI6vmw')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: Winston and Kimbo <b>...</b></a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">Three years. No questions asked. BY <b>DAVE RILEY</b> <dhell@ozemail.com.au> <b>...</b> Regular Feature: <b>Life</b> o... Regular Feature: Lookin... Regular Feature: Loose . <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/2000/403/23793 - 16k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:8Ow2HiM-gygJ:www.greenleft.org.au/2000/403/23793+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=43">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/2000/403/23793">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=40&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/2000/403/23793')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1994/156/9037" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','44','AFQjCNGem4gc4xqRK1SVWdmn1Vfy_CsT0A','&sig2=tKjIOPzpumhI-aDHc_Bd5w')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b></a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">Home » 1994 » #156 » Archives » Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b> <b>...</b> <b>Life of Riley</b>. 24 August 1994 <b>...</b> Now that's food for thought. ... <b>Dave Riley</b> <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1994/156/9037 - 16k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:WVPfL64scK0J:www.greenleft.org.au/1994/156/9037+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=44">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1994/156/9037">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=40&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1994/156/9037')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1997/270/17196" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','45','AFQjCNEPd1BD0FgQ4PfUeJ_6rlDEiBaLGw','&sig2=CWbdknAY6oADjTXAr61gjQ')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: The age of usury</a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">I, <b>David</b> J. <b>Riley</b> -- pin number: ******* -- rely on those financial encounters and <b>...</b> My <b>life</b> depends on those transactions, Mr Wallis. (Fat lot you care! <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1997/270/17196 - 17k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:ow-fi1d26aIJ:www.greenleft.org.au/1997/270/17196+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=45">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1997/270/17196">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=40&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1997/270/17196')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1998/329/20611" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','46','AFQjCNGe_6sLC-qrkduMCxKmFXk8KQ-31A','&sig2=qOqfDPQ_xGQoj19n5SCsKg')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: Put One Nation last?</a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1"><b>...</b> One Nation doesn't help a party much at all. It's not a ticket to sainthood you know. <b>Dave Riley</b> <b>...</b> Regular Feature: <b>Life</b> o... Regular Feature: Lookin. <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1998/329/20611 - 16k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:YOx9Kw5o1v4J:www.greenleft.org.au/1998/329/20611+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=46">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1998/329/20611">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=40&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1998/329/20611')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1996/255/13005" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','47','AFQjCNFnZcrz3p3hcquQuGnoB0Jshzz-xQ','&sig2=juj6e0U5ZZy3W44bCjTCUg')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: Murder most foul</a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">``Or me'', said the elected leader of the land downunder. <b>Dave Riley</b> <b>...</b> Regular Feature: <b>Life</b> o... Regular Feature: Lookin... Regular Feature: Loose . <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1996/255/13005 - 17k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:6I60pnxIVlwJ:www.greenleft.org.au/1996/255/13005+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=47">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1996/255/13005">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=40&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1996/255/13005')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1997/295/15657" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','48','AFQjCNGmMigHUKEmjq3qdcmaf5sskU-EOg','&sig2=8uM37KCAn8QPJfZDDzPxEQ')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: Our greedy seniors</a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">Home » 1997 » #295 » Archives » Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: Our greedy <b>...</b> as the vale-of-years industry can get its hands on their money. By <b>Dave Riley</b> <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1997/295/15657 - 17k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:QUieQsVidZkJ:www.greenleft.org.au/1997/295/15657+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=48">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1997/295/15657">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=40&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1997/295/15657')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/2000/405/23732" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','49','AFQjCNH8_EzFAc8Zp_qc9OhNIeChLqAheg','&sig2=A2ChlS_xCLi579EKzRM_nw')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: Nothing but air</a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1"><b>Life of Riley</b>: Nothing but air. 17 May 2000 <b>...</b> By <b>Dave Riley</b> <dhell@ozemail.com.au> <b>...</b> Regular Feature: <b>Life</b> o... Regular Feature: Lookin. <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/2000/405/23732 - 16k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:jSI3VB7x0BIJ:www.greenleft.org.au/2000/405/23732+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=49">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/2000/405/23732">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=40&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/2000/405/23732')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1999/361/18820" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','50','AFQjCNHsOp8QXCpexirPtrW9k5DjA5uDCA','&sig2=xA3EDtruv7Y79aWmBmjA2A')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: Stalag Kosova</a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1"><b>Life of Riley</b>: Stalag Kosova. 19 May 1999 <b>...</b> It's your home away from home. <b>Dave Riley</b> <b>...</b> Regular Feature: <b>Life</b> o... Regular Feature: Lookin. <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1999/361/18820 - 16k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:ojVWJJ6llBkJ:www.greenleft.org.au/1999/361/18820+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=50">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1999/361/18820">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=40&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1999/361/18820')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <!--z--><nobr><br><br></nobr><font size="-1"><nobr><span class="bl"></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <!--z--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1996/231/14389" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','51','AFQjCNH_aOCZ31Lq2erlVcnok0qQTtymPA','&sig2=nsTgPCgQRTotyaF-JZId4A')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b></a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">Bookmark | Print. Home » 1996 » #231 » Archives » Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b> <b>...</b> safe in the knowledge that in future we can picnic in peace. <b>Dave Riley</b> <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1996/231/14389 - 18k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:_CtzB69mfhUJ:www.greenleft.org.au/1996/231/14389+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=51">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1996/231/14389">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=50&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1996/231/14389')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1997/298/15490" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','52','AFQjCNFXvZ853ihWIbzx2LkgIionOzuiXg','&sig2=2qSOFQhl5yeSTMckoQhvaA')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: Mum</a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">She never met an Aboriginal in her <b>life</b>. True. But no! Me mum can't see it like that. <b>...</b> She was joking, wasn't she? I hope so. By <b>Dave Riley</b> <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1997/298/15490 - 17k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:M9nP6_Rr14MJ:www.greenleft.org.au/1997/298/15490+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=52">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1997/298/15490">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=50&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1997/298/15490')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1998/320/21094" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','53','AFQjCNGUFeDBjlza1asM62l_TcNORK5-lw','&sig2=BQrUZTBSrO89QWaH7X8k5Q')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: To whom it may concern</a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">I had to struggle hard and long all my <b>life</b> to come up with something interesting to say. <b>...</b> Maybe I have actually said something profound? By <b>Dave Riley</b> <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1998/320/21094 - 17k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:W230fgSVknkJ:www.greenleft.org.au/1998/320/21094+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=53">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1998/320/21094">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=50&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1998/320/21094')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1997/272/17073" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','54','AFQjCNFab0Kkg7anWAN6h4SKbInKXEQhgg','&sig2=qgsIs3do-ZXa6K3im089SA')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: Two legged eating</a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">It is time we recognised and accepted as part of our way of <b>life</b> the cuisine for which this country was renowned <b>...</b> <b>Dave Riley</b> email: dhell@ozemail.com.au <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1997/272/17073 - 17k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:uQANMvVgyKAJ:www.greenleft.org.au/1997/272/17073+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=54">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1997/272/17073">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=50&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1997/272/17073')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1996/252/13152" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','55','AFQjCNGroRDgUlx-Ayrc8aebXHt10op20g','&sig2=0-8h1PAlQ8X8o5m7Gnm43g')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: Entrance examination <b>...</b></a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">Home » 1996 » #252 » Archives » Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: Entrance <b>...</b> lines you get to join the federal Coalition as a junior minister.) <b>Dave Riley</b> <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1996/252/13152 - 17k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:P41GThflYTgJ:www.greenleft.org.au/1996/252/13152+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=55">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1996/252/13152">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=50&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1996/252/13152')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1999/365/18618" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','56','AFQjCNHjDw1nd3uzBrIa-4lxKnyqGpHynA','&sig2=8ajjBqTWtca1M73czD_mrQ')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: Dear diary,</a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">Do something else with your <b>life</b>! What? Other than answering nature's call? <b>...</b> But how do I do that? -- I'm sure you'll think of something. <b>Dave Riley</b> <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1999/365/18618 - 15k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:pYNNaI0qJvYJ:www.greenleft.org.au/1999/365/18618+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=56">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1999/365/18618">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=50&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1999/365/18618')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1998/339/20015" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','57','AFQjCNGco8mScfDzHIhpqlKZ5aIjks7D-A','&sig2=VcVK1Og2nEITnzs4sngMcQ')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: Aliens</a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1"><b>Life of Riley</b>: Aliens. 3 November 1998 <b>...</b> So what's so foreign about that? By <b>Dave Riley</b> <b>...</b> Regular Feature: <b>Life</b> o... Regular Feature: Lookin. <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1998/339/20015 - 16k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:znZnSq5MSOQJ:www.greenleft.org.au/1998/339/20015+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=57">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1998/339/20015">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=50&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1998/339/20015')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1999/366/18567" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','58','AFQjCNH8FE2rQcoO_Rxu9XXwco3gj-G3dQ','&sig2=4yF0RwMV6ZrpMIYtCwcuOg')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: Toot this and toot that</a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">All I wanted out of <b>life</b> was my share of the happily ever afters. But now, I don't know. Now, I've been tooted. Toot! Toot! <b>Dave</b>. Toot! Toot! By <b>Dave Riley</b> <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1999/366/18567 - 16k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:YZLemRdavU4J:www.greenleft.org.au/1999/366/18567+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=58">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1999/366/18567">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=50&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1999/366/18567')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/2001/434/26804" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','59','AFQjCNFZADT1wcJwUZux8ZpBQp4tDAHKHg','&sig2=XvGhBoFw__5B3uTijFdtIg')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: A community service <b>...</b></a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">Get on with your <b>life</b>. So I don't need your consideration — or your hugs or <b>...</b> BY <b>DAVE RILEY</b>. From: Archives, Green Left Weekly issue #434 31 January 2001. <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/2001/434/26804 - 16k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:0BnpW7EwLuQJ:www.greenleft.org.au/2001/434/26804+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=59">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/2001/434/26804">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=50&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/2001/434/26804')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1995/189/11901" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','60','AFQjCNHd_-JJmA3pIuA1Uo1JCp4kkjbEiQ','&sig2=xU9B_yNOygiv5f6fDyZbBA')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: Time and motion</a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">By <b>Dave Riley</b>. I'll tell you what enterprise bargaining is about -- consensus. <b>...</b> Regular Feature: <b>Life</b> o... Regular Feature: Lookin. <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1995/189/11901 - 17k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:I0DxAbisfPkJ:www.greenleft.org.au/1995/189/11901+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=60">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1995/189/11901">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=50&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1995/189/11901')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <!--z--><br clear="all"><table align="center" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="1%"><tbody><tr style="text-align: center;" align="center" valign="top"><td class="b" align="right" nowrap="nowrap"><a href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=40&sa=N">Previous</a></td><td nowrap="nowrap"><a href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=0&sa=N">1</a></td><td nowrap="nowrap"><a href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=10&sa=N">2</a></td><td nowrap="nowrap"><a href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=20&sa=N">3</a></td><td nowrap="nowrap"><a href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=30&sa=N">4</a></td><td nowrap="nowrap"><a href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=40&sa=N">5</a></td><td nowrap="nowrap"><span class="i">6</span></td><td nowrap="nowrap"><br></td></tr></tbody></table><nobr><br></nobr><font size="-1"><nobr><span class="bl"></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <!--z--><nobr><br></nobr><font size="-1"><nobr><span class="bl"></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <!--z--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1998/311/21677" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','61','AFQjCNEKtCPajwXT7arlYf7dUfSu__lMeg','&sig2=rRMnu_E0w9MF-fqeLLIjpA')">een Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: St Patrick and the <b>...</b></a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">Home » 1998 » #311 » Archives » Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: St Patrick <b>...</b> Such are the fruits of a share in a shamrock-owning society. By <b>Dave Riley</b> <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1998/311/21677 - 16k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:klJSLI_j9-0J:www.greenleft.org.au/1998/311/21677+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=61">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1998/311/21677">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=60&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1998/311/21677')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/2000/418/22893" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','62','AFQjCNF4XDeH-TqSwPTQdm1DWA-RBfQ_Lg','&sig2=OCfc26uv2bTu8cwLbcL07Q')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: Mal returns to form</a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">Indeed, after being awarded club <b>life</b> membership, it is hard to work out why he should suddenly change <b>...</b> BY <b>DAVE RILEY</b> <http://www.ozemail.com.au/~dhell>. <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/2000/418/22893 - 16k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:brz8oST-BfsJ:www.greenleft.org.au/2000/418/22893+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=62">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/2000/418/22893">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=60&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/2000/418/22893')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1997/286/16195" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','63','AFQjCNEHhXZtlnFbEEWQQUBTyEOkGjRawA','&sig2=2OAuS1z9CA-Dzn7amneqnA')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: Food and revolution</a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">Home » 1997 » #286 » Archives » Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: Food and revolution <b>...</b> next week the bourgeoisie won't know what hit them. By <b>Dave Riley</b> <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1997/286/16195 - 16k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:yngUja3bengJ:www.greenleft.org.au/1997/286/16195+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=63">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1997/286/16195">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=60&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1997/286/16195')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/2000/430/22259" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','64','AFQjCNFLcKYa8xqdXI1PuJ6AxLI-vlkbVA','&sig2=0jfi5YHysZvOEFqSDq36gQ')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: Fleas</a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1"><b>Life of Riley</b>: Fleas. 29 November 2000 <b>...</b> BY <b>DAVE RILEY</b> <http://www.ozemail.<wbr>com.au/~dhell> <b>...</b> Regular Feature: <b>Life</b> o... Regular Feature: Lookin. <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/2000/430/22259 - 16k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:wQv2n0oXPlIJ:www.greenleft.org.au/2000/430/22259+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=64">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/2000/430/22259">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=60&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/2000/430/22259')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1996/257/12903" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','65','AFQjCNHRf4cpmatPxwNFEXnzB5pfBg_Ipw','&sig2=RWZMRLFKeMgLu5dCpL-T3Q')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: Divided we fall</a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1"><b>Life of Riley</b>: Divided we fall. If it seems to you that we never had so much, that is only the slogan <b>...</b> FIRST & SECOND: Such is their right. By <b>Dave Riley</b> <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1996/257/12903 - 16k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:jD8pDurVYNMJ:www.greenleft.org.au/1996/257/12903+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=65">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1996/257/12903">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=60&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1996/257/12903')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1998/303/22119" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','66','AFQjCNGqQiWO0oUcohSyKx2s7pUY83olMg','&sig2=vGS18aiQzTuHRwS5EI6HDg')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: The pope knows</a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">So it's true then? You betta believe it -- the pope's always right. By <b>Dave Riley</b> <b>...</b> Regular Feature: <b>Life</b> o... Regular Feature: Lookin. <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1998/303/22119 - 16k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:uCmQdvfcW-IJ:www.greenleft.org.au/1998/303/22119+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=66">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1998/303/22119">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=60&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1998/303/22119')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1997/266/17427" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','67','AFQjCNHJ77CFsz85XNcCkwF6KvpuiVC8GA','&sig2=AGhZEDk15QoAHhQyAXurPQ')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: Have gun, will travel</a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">When your <b>life</b> is on the line, you can't afford to kid yourself about what you are doing there. <b>...</b> <b>Dave Riley</b> E-mail: dhell@ozeamil.com.au <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1997/266/17427 - 17k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:u-RUC30v9YkJ:www.greenleft.org.au/1997/266/17427+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=67">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1997/266/17427">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=60&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1997/266/17427')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1998/332/20434" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','68','AFQjCNFHnALidks7mgW9cv1jwPlntaf8ug','&sig2=5hXCjVzAd0dn3Nws2v9Mdg')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: Best of all possible <b>...</b></a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">But not at this election. <b>Dave Riley</b> <b>...</b> Regular Feature: <b>Life</b> o... Regular Feature: Lookin... Regular Feature: Loose ... Regular Feature: On the. <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1998/332/20434 - 16k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:t1Jrzn0_ufEJ:www.greenleft.org.au/1998/332/20434+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=68">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1998/332/20434">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=60&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1998/332/20434')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1996/241/13856" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','69','AFQjCNFeQcCoDrFUABp6Xsjz_dAX8_bwgQ','&sig2=xOskUk3Q7vHRpI3JeCNEeQ')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: Counting the dead reds</a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1"><b>Life of Riley</b>: Counting the dead reds. 7 August 1996 <b>...</b> Terima Kasih (Thankyou). <b>Dave Riley</b> <b>...</b> Regular Feature: <b>Life</b> o... Regular Feature: Lookin. <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1996/241/13856 - 17k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:hkn1k5lrjDQJ:www.greenleft.org.au/1996/241/13856+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=69">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1996/241/13856">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=60&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1996/241/13856')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/2000/417/22994" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','70','AFQjCNGWSV3MbTTxyGtzCIzsTT4RHKGTLA','&sig2=PEiSFFVIPQV7rPzrRC52MQ')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: Every home should <b>...</b></a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1"><b>...</b> honest to god family would introduce matinees. BY <b>DAVE</b> <b>RILEY</b> <http://www.ozemail.com.au/~dhell> <b>...</b> Regular Feature: <b>Life</b> o... Regular Feature: Loose . <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/2000/417/22994 - 16k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:5FLHGC6PSsMJ:www.greenleft.org.au/2000/417/22994+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=70">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/2000/417/22994">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=60&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/2000/417/22994')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <!--z--><nobr><br><br></nobr><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1998/305/22014" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','71','AFQjCNERZllMT6SjS_QUEfx_buj0edcsFQ','&sig2=TqwYL5y4imxhNmRwcpgs9Q')">reen Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: World's best practice</a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">Home » 1998 » #305 » Archives » Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: World's <b>...</b> and under-worked so-and-so's, just like those greedy wharfies. By <b>Dave Riley</b> <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1998/305/22014 - 16k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:TlehyInFvbEJ:www.greenleft.org.au/1998/305/22014+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=71">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1998/305/22014">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=70&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1998/305/22014')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1997/299/15382" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','72','AFQjCNHElPWq7D3mwKaV3N08RU9vdXMUvA','&sig2=lvLEjV0s96C30b4gNg_2kw')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: Something for nothing</a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">Home » 1997 » #299 » Archives » Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: Something <b>...</b> do with what we please -- and nobody is going to tell us otherwise. <b>Dave Riley</b> <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1997/299/15382 - 17k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:pxbQCQIV8bIJ:www.greenleft.org.au/1997/299/15382+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=72">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1997/299/15382">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=70&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1997/299/15382')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1996/238/14025" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','73','AFQjCNHOeJRI57sp1Rq0pzuyLjRpW3eXrw','&sig2=kH7_S7lWZL4-TTvQXPUF4Q')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: Learning to use the</a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">Home » 1996 » #238 » Archives » Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: Learning to <b>...</b> And after you've finished chatting about it, let's get rid of it. <b>Dave Riley</b> <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1996/238/14025 - 17k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:HY9K4zENtDUJ:www.greenleft.org.au/1996/238/14025+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=73">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1996/238/14025">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=70&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1996/238/14025')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1997/275/16907" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','74','AFQjCNE0pHKteCJna9XRh8xQPv1dIi8MNg','&sig2=5-S4EuQx0PVbeQZ7Pf_sVA')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: What! Me worry?</a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">By <b>Dave Riley</b> E-mail: dhell@ozemail.com.au. <b>...</b> Regular Feature: <b>Life</b> o... Regular Feature: Lookin... Regular Feature: Loose ... Regular Feature: On the. <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1997/275/16907 - 17k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:rhKn4SbuJ0oJ:www.greenleft.org.au/1997/275/16907+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=74">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1997/275/16907">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=70&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1997/275/16907')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1997/267/17408" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','75','AFQjCNHfhNY64E5E4wH9THrBJZwBDYd-sw','&sig2=VG7j4jPYtiPdKUiULuLdFw')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: Parliament: a class act</a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">Bookmark | Print. Home » 1997 » #267 » Archives » Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: Parliament: a class act <b>...</b> By <b>Dave Riley</b> e-mail: dhell@ozemail.com.au <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1997/267/17408 - 17k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:seHi19a5tBcJ:www.greenleft.org.au/1997/267/17408+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=75">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1997/267/17408">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=70&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1997/267/17408')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/2001/432/26934" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','76','AFQjCNFxKE5zPIyRb6ZKiwGT8IrBnP6rBQ','&sig2=CpM-BCoac88cFbXyh0PUUA')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: Best of all possible <b>...</b></a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">BY <b>DAVE RILEY</b> <dhell@ozemail.com.au>. From: Archives, Green Left Weekly issue #432 17 January 2001. <b>...</b> Regular Feature: <b>Life</b> o... Regular Feature: Lookin. <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/2001/432/26934 - 17k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:bcq6h8jgQJcJ:www.greenleft.org.au/2001/432/26934+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=76">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/2001/432/26934">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=70&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/2001/432/26934')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1998/308/21817" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','77','AFQjCNEQjUPIz-2MO2ES0x5yQMLUe9XLSg','&sig2=BrnHRzvoxyqtvBvzBweXdQ')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: Santa and me</a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">Saints preserve us! May we never see his like again. <b>Dave Riley</b> <b>...</b> Issues: <b>Life</b> at the vir... Issues: Putting women i... Issues: Students join t. <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1998/308/21817 - 16k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:D-ct9t3xzFkJ:www.greenleft.org.au/1998/308/21817+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=77">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1998/308/21817">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=70&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1998/308/21817')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1994/150/9348" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','78','AFQjCNF-4OG2yyGCoAK2SSggW24-GofxYw','&sig2=tNpO6BMw5OL0BFrHrbRwOQ')">Green Left - Regular Feature: The <b>life of Riley</b>: When George lit up</a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">Home » 1994 » #150 » Archives » Regular Feature: The <b>life of Riley</b>: When <b>...</b> he thought that all we disseminated was the cricket scores. By <b>Dave Riley</b> <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1994/150/9348 - 17k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:Q6tA1YLcigMJ:www.greenleft.org.au/1994/150/9348+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=78">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1994/150/9348">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=70&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1994/150/9348')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1998/335/20225" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','79','AFQjCNGXFK0W7UefayxiWaJvIzxu6AVcVw','&sig2=DeLFWtYp-0It3_EJ-DKYPA')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: Hero of true <b>...</b></a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">Following the return to political <b>life</b> of ARTHUR AUGUSTUS CALWELL, the election we are <b>...</b> “Trust me, I know. There's one born every minute.” By <b>Dave Riley</b> <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1998/335/20225 - 16k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:hONFKDf6U94J:www.greenleft.org.au/1998/335/20225+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=79">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1998/335/20225">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=70&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1998/335/20225')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1998/342/19823" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','80','AFQjCNGqtpusTVWON_fpd8ZYM6211J01Cg','&sig2=f-kEGm9OnYulveVTvZVP2A')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: Oink! Oink!</a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">But <b>life</b> wasn't meant to be easy, was it now? <b>...</b> (Sounds of: Oink! Oink! Oink!) By <b>Dave Riley</b> <b>...</b> Regular Feature: <b>Life</b> o... Regular Feature: Lookin. <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1998/342/19823 - 15k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:ZGEdFrsLrNMJ:www.greenleft.org.au/1998/342/19823+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=80">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1998/342/19823">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=70&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1998/342/19823')">Note this</a><br></span></nobr></font><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1998/331/20481" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','81','AFQjCNEeinUCKjfKfAqoQjS6NBbe6Dcc6w','&sig2=e3oFKJ60EerEixpna6X6Kw')">reen Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: Deciding</a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">REGULAR FEATURE. <b>Life of Riley</b>: Deciding. 2 September 1998 <b>...</b> Decisions. Decisions. By <b>Dave Riley</b> <b>...</b> Regular Feature: <b>Life</b> o... Regular Feature: Lookin. <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1998/331/20481 - 15k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:ZuCsHytrU-EJ:www.greenleft.org.au/1998/331/20481+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=81">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1998/331/20481">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=80&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1998/331/20481')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1998/330/20553" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','82','AFQjCNFuSXlNUKsUKRCzBIU0YS8nh3H98A','&sig2=1eBfEA-an61pdenD4dI1JQ')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: It was I</a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1"><b>Life of Riley</b>: It was I. Just the other day I went for a walk. It was my lunchtime. The sun was shining, <b>...</b> I'd appreciate that. By <b>Dave Riley</b> <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1998/330/20553 - 15k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:7iIitOmxqOAJ:www.greenleft.org.au/1998/330/20553+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=82">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1998/330/20553">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=80&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1998/330/20553')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1997/263/17635" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','83','AFQjCNHBcnO7f6976AbECffR9G4lpjqX2Q','&sig2=DMMWOuA9PyiR_qQsUQ2gog')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: This talkback thing</a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">We didn't go through <b>life</b> expecting an easy ride. We weren't asking for hand-outs. <b>...</b> We have time for two more calls. Next caller? By <b>Dave Riley</b> <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1997/263/17635 - 17k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:MVLAG4GRQCAJ:www.greenleft.org.au/1997/263/17635+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=83">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1997/263/17635">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=80&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1997/263/17635')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1999/353/19211" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','84','AFQjCNFneIpOraaASjrB-77OeMD_bJChlw','&sig2=FWI8euTEmxnQnSrH3yTcRg')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: A metaphor</a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">It's a figure of speech. A metaphor? -- Yeah. I just know we can (pant). By <b>Dave</b> <b>Riley</b> <b>...</b> Regular Feature: <b>Life</b> o... Regular Feature: Lookin. <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1999/353/19211 - 15k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:_8HqyEwpfnIJ:www.greenleft.org.au/1999/353/19211+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=84">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1999/353/19211">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=80&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1999/353/19211')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1998/322/20971" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','85','AFQjCNFeK7f11itDuEAsAG7yBUF0FrVlqA','&sig2=wtzhGbKoht23In2dOROJuA')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: Our mutual friend</a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1"><b>Life of Riley</b>: Our mutual friend. 24 June 1998 <b>...</b> What's that? He's our racist. By <b>Dave Riley</b> <b>...</b> Regular Feature: <b>Life</b> o... Regular Feature: Lookin. <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1998/322/20971 - 16k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:d_PeKveZjhUJ:www.greenleft.org.au/1998/322/20971+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=85">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1998/322/20971">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=80&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1998/322/20971')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1997/274/16955" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','86','AFQjCNGEzT0dMru53VMa_PCpV_SvXOWOKQ','&sig2=MWOOfgYW7ykZNY38WkGyNQ')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: Privy preservation</a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1"><b>Dave Riley</b> Email:dhell@ozemail.com.au. * Concerned “LADIES” and “GENTS” are urged to sign up today <b>...</b> Regular Feature: <b>Life</b> o... Regular Feature: Lookin. <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1997/274/16955 - 18k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:hE5rLtJwFYQJ:www.greenleft.org.au/1997/274/16955+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=86">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1997/274/16955">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=80&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1997/274/16955')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1998/313/21575" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','87','AFQjCNE1ZSTq_Wbk06llYh42OwVXZlsRFg','&sig2=DAhC00Z-lUgXoEtotXYrwA')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: You can take comfort <b>...</b></a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">My resilience from the toll <b>life</b> levies rests on a little-known feature of my existence: I'm the second <b>...</b> Just don't tell Dad I told you so. By <b>Dave Riley</b> <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1998/313/21575 - 16k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:eO8hC-_xgUYJ:www.greenleft.org.au/1998/313/21575+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=87">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1998/313/21575">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=80&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1998/313/21575')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1997/289/16058" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','88','AFQjCNEN04cCbb5yumlfYEOdaHE6QbMPvg','&sig2=iukr2hMtbbSRN6RPmoloTw')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: Di is dead</a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">You can't, can you? Perhaps you're right. We will never see her like again.” By <b>Dave Riley</b> <b>...</b> Regular Feature: <b>Life</b> o... Regular Feature: Lookin. <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1997/289/16058 - 18k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:h8QVw_GAnyIJ:www.greenleft.org.au/1997/289/16058+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=88">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1997/289/16058">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=80&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1997/289/16058')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/2000/424/22581" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','89','AFQjCNH9c6uUzrZZDDIAiiukfFa7vyJ6eA','&sig2=U1twQGCU67gVcshXO9ER5g')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: Carnival of the oppressed</a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">BY <b>DAVE RILEY</b> <dhell@ozemail.com.au>. From: Archives, Green Left Weekly issue #424 11 October 2000. <b>...</b> Regular Feature: <b>Life</b> o... Regular Feature: Loose . <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/2000/424/22581 - 16k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:fMcnuDJ0uL8J:www.greenleft.org.au/2000/424/22581+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=89">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/2000/424/22581">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=80&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/2000/424/22581')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1995/175/12615" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','90','AFQjCNErJ3SlRXL0yCcjlVO3CawU1EalYQ','&sig2=8PsQG4ciVPKY6QbB5WcIvA')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: Green Left Weekly <b>...</b></a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1"><b>Dave Riley</b>. I want to explain all about Green Left Weekly so that you can get into its very vitals. <b>...</b> Regular Feature: <b>Life</b> o... Regular Feature: Lookin. <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1995/175/12615 - 18k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:EG0Z-fh5mvcJ:www.greenleft.org.au/1995/175/12615+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=90">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1995/175/12615">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=80&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1995/175/12615')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <!--z--><nobr><br></nobr><font size="-1"><nobr><span class="bl"></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <!--z--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1997/301/15311" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','91','AFQjCNGzTOok5qB5NenQSM6B8GyZArlRsQ','&sig2=iv6Mtgon02mwQzeAmDceWQ')">n Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: Diabolical forces</a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">Home » 1997 » #301 » Archives » Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: Diabolical forces <b>...</b> That bad, eh? Bad! It'll be so bad we'll be dead. By <b>Dave Riley</b> <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1997/301/15311 - 16k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:DwJSXJ_62MAJ:www.greenleft.org.au/1997/301/15311+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=91">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1997/301/15311">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=90&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1997/301/15311')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1995/179/12426" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','92','AFQjCNHgk0E3__N048RPr-5WN5XTTS-bdg','&sig2=gWbBFldS1A1t6P_FrPSDyA')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: Coming out</a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">By <b>Dave Riley</b>. I admit to it. It was some time ago when I first realised that despite the pressure <b>...</b> Regular Feature: <b>Life</b> o... Regular Feature: Loose . <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1995/179/12426 - 17k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:NQe5G4suawUJ:www.greenleft.org.au/1995/179/12426+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=92">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1995/179/12426">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=90&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1995/179/12426')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1995/183/12253" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','93','AFQjCNF71drVKoeQ01j_9QSZAaB_8489PQ','&sig2=PJBQxIREC68ojhZSh33XHw')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: Bump me into parliament</a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">Of course, I'd keep doing these columns and tell you all about <b>life</b> in the Lodge, <b>...</b> Forget the swanky suits and the vitriol, <b>Dave Riley</b> is no smart arse. <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1995/183/12253 - 17k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:EiItvQIhSVgJ:www.greenleft.org.au/1995/183/12253+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=93">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1995/183/12253">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=90&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1995/183/12253')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1996/234/14226" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','94','AFQjCNFq5OFJ6dyK3AyPUlyTvxCmCIi61Q','&sig2=usxlOJfyn5xWt-taVZQoYw')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: (If It Could) A <b>...</b></a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">For 50 years of my <b>life</b> to come nobody will care for me. I'll just have to help myself. A job? <b>...</b> But tell me: why doesn't it stay this way? <b>Dave Riley</b> <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1996/234/14226 - 17k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:exxlepPbAoEJ:www.greenleft.org.au/1996/234/14226+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=94">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1996/234/14226">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=90&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1996/234/14226')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1996/221/14937" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','95','AFQjCNEXNJkCCX2cyFyRdRrCLLbxEoGmaw','&sig2=cTKi9_aZp4LZuGC9Cb8buA')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b></a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">Bookmark | Print. Home » 1996 » #221 » Archives » Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b> <b>...</b> But most of all, he remains an incurable optimist. <b>Dave Riley</b> <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1996/221/14937 - 17k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:St5d-gQ-jkAJ:www.greenleft.org.au/1996/221/14937+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=95">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1996/221/14937">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=90&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1996/221/14937')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1997/265/17522" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','96','AFQjCNGX48q_fmSeVVcZkIca3q4LNw9_CQ','&sig2=BchZR37nSRlNxGs-EYlt3Q')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: Bioencephalopathy: A <b>...</b></a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1"><b>Life of Riley</b>: Bioencephalopathy: A manual for sufferers. 5 March 1997 <b>...</b> @column auth = By <b>Dave Riley</b>. E-mail: dhell@ozemail.com.au. <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1997/265/17522 - 17k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:qs4RizgSBe4J:www.greenleft.org.au/1997/265/17522+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=96">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1997/265/17522">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=90&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1997/265/17522')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1996/256/12930" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','97','AFQjCNHRD7ofh-iJQo79Uqwvwz__isH9Nw','&sig2=pmUYIYhyCNm4t34VN8YUsA')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: Tea for two</a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1"><b>...</b> and changed for the better." "What a pity", she said, "that the world didn't". By <b>Dave Riley</b> <b>...</b> Regular Feature: <b>Life</b> o... Regular Feature: Lookin. <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1996/256/12930 - 17k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:X71GemAgjXkJ:www.greenleft.org.au/1996/256/12930+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=97">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1996/256/12930">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=90&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1996/256/12930')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1997/268/17348" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','98','AFQjCNFiB_O3bG_oRfvX99IUq8KVA0HBOA','&sig2=0pWUoT00sznXPgaGlByjtw')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: The story so far</a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1"><b>Life of Riley</b>: The story so far. 26 March 1997 <b>...</b> By <b>Dave Riley</b> E-Mail: dhell@ozemail.com.au. <b>...</b> Regular Feature: <b>Life</b> o... Regular Feature: Lookin. <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1997/268/17348 - 16k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:0bErSRxtSdkJ:www.greenleft.org.au/1997/268/17348+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=98">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1997/268/17348">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=90&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1997/268/17348')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1997/294/15735" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','99','AFQjCNFbt1RGikCO6rktR3VqAP7xJCUQ8w','&sig2=smcGhSVLu10X2xBjQqzhHA')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: My meeting with Che <b>...</b></a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">“Che! Your face. It's the face of revolution!” You see. I told you that I never died. By <b>Dave Riley</b> <b>...</b> Regular Feature: <b>Life</b> o... Regular Feature: Loose . <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1997/294/15735 - 17k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:BtT9jSspPZUJ:www.greenleft.org.au/1997/294/15735+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=99">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1997/294/15735">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=90&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1997/294/15735')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1997/281/16571" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','100','AFQjCNGwK32jTH8diOkS0Db9ZAR_7to7mA','&sig2=NG6BydGw3qxr5bex3Ep9gw')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: The ghost of Egon <b>...</b></a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1"><b>Dave Riley</b> Email:dhell@ozemail.com.au <b>...</b> Regular Feature: <b>Life</b> o... Regular Feature: Lookin... Regular Feature: Loose ... Regular Feature: News b. <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1997/281/16571 - 19k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:uRA3tQOfeEoJ:www.greenleft.org.au/1997/281/16571+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=100">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1997/281/16571">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=90&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1997/281/16571')">Note this</a><br></span></nobr></font><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1998/309/21790" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','101','AFQjCNELBaAKHpQ43wY4rIkgePFH3_YmYA','&sig2=XMty5c_4Y9izCU4udJ3d9g')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: The chickens are <b>...</b></a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">Home » 1998 » #309 » Archives » Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: The chickens <b>...</b> and it was your mistake starting a family in the first place. <b>Dave Riley</b> <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1998/309/21790 - 16k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:Zb_LqhW4VUwJ:www.greenleft.org.au/1998/309/21790+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=101">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1998/309/21790">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=100&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1998/309/21790')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1997/271/17172" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','102','AFQjCNFIfnhjiXzI3_fsURSdb2rwqUmQ4g','&sig2=eZ71jzHPkHRtRrm9lYL9Ug')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: Them and us</a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1"><b>Life of Riley</b>: Them and us. 23 April 1997 <b>...</b> <b>Dave Riley</b> Email: dhell@ozemail.com.au <b>...</b> Regular Feature: <b>Life</b> o... Regular Feature: Lookin. <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1997/271/17172 - 18k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:P6Ox4K1l8cEJ:www.greenleft.org.au/1997/271/17172+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=102">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1997/271/17172">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=100&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1997/271/17172')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/2000/423/22660" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','103','AFQjCNH38fY5lF3ao8FfFpLQldEzcW-RmA','&sig2=kZ5dnckmX4r_MQ9q7j5unw')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: The rat race</a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">So the winner will be? — Profits. Comes first every time. BY <b>DAVE RILEY</b>. <b>...</b> Regular Feature: <b>Life</b> o... Regular Feature: Lookin... Regular Feature: Loose . <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/2000/423/22660 - 15k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:72MXnjNXIYwJ:www.greenleft.org.au/2000/423/22660+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=103">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/2000/423/22660">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=100&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/2000/423/22660')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1997/288/16122" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','104','AFQjCNEWH07NcI0L1A9o4sYWhjAGEglfzg','&sig2=j8ux8Qcc-I1UaM7QDvogoQ')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: Is there a God?</a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">“John Howard killed him by proving how unnecessary He was.” <b>Dave Riley</b> <b>...</b> Regular Feature: <b>Life</b> o... Regular Feature: Lookin... Regular Feature: Loose . <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1997/288/16122 - 18k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:Mcez-8YuG8IJ:www.greenleft.org.au/1997/288/16122+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=104">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1997/288/16122">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=100&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1997/288/16122')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1998/307/21868" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','105','AFQjCNGmu5IajRAbWe8Nh6z9AreDcmbnJQ','&sig2=CTnhGuxKbtIa78UIbLaF2g')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: An excuse for butchery</a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">Home » 1998 » #307 » Archives » Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: An excuse for <b>...</b> once upon a time, their butchers were our butchers). By <b>Dave Riley</b> <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1998/307/21868 - 16k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:wPOp4ebJjR4J:www.greenleft.org.au/1998/307/21868+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=105">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1998/307/21868">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=100&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1998/307/21868')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1997/280/16618" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','106','AFQjCNGcOqVKZpbRVIUfER6Xd2z-wECwUg','&sig2=RmZv2BfOCQ6zkN8GQ6wpwg')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: Plain words for hard <b>...</b></a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1"><b>Dave Riley</b>. Email: dhell@ozemail.com.au <b>...</b> Regular Feature: <b>Life</b> o... Regular Feature: Lookin... Regular Feature: Loose ... Regular Feature: News b. <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1997/280/16618 - 18k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:HVLefKCwwKEJ:www.greenleft.org.au/1997/280/16618+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=106">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1997/280/16618">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=100&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1997/280/16618')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1997/273/17055" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','107','AFQjCNFDa3Nu7Kp51euA5PjPIw5y_doQ_Q','&sig2=NQP0X6Lbjl7UCa49Qf94sQ')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: Newcastle — you never <b>...</b></a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">But it would be a boring old <b>life</b> if we didn't have a few challenges thrown our way. It keeps us on our toes. <b>...</b> By <b>Dave Riley</b>. Email: dhell@ozemail.com.au <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1997/273/17055 - 17k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:JfJ3Oj4uc3wJ:www.greenleft.org.au/1997/273/17055+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=107">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1997/273/17055">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=100&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1997/273/17055')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/2000/420/22782" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','108','AFQjCNG9DuFBaqO033Ibq4bXccbYKzrspw','&sig2=VunW9QLTbs2i_BjRccpSsw')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: Follow the flame</a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">BY <b>DAVE RILEY</b> <http://www.ozemail.com.au/~dhell>. From: Archives, Green Left Weekly issue #420 13 <b>...</b> Regular Feature: <b>Life</b> o... Regular Feature: Lookin. <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/2000/420/22782 - 15k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:xphBBcpginAJ:www.greenleft.org.au/2000/420/22782+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=108">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/2000/420/22782">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=100&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/2000/420/22782')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/2000/390/24582" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','109','AFQjCNGGpvqb7_M-9KBv7mK_VWBn33RzPw','&sig2=5SUI5l2d0XVYByxs0Lknvg')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: The wowsers are back</a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">Bookmark | Print. Home » 2000 » #390 » Archives » Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: The wowsers are back <b>...</b> By <b>Dave Riley</b> <dhell@ozemail.com.au> <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/2000/390/24582 - 16k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:BByeHmZwelwJ:www.greenleft.org.au/2000/390/24582+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=109">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/2000/390/24582">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=100&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/2000/390/24582')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/2000/415/23076" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','110','AFQjCNGftUkVoF9YJ2eo3QaEr0cpUfiVoQ','&sig2=W2QFS1qKvNnM4mubpRImKw')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: Tale of a numb bum</a></h2><font size="-1"><b>Dave Riley</b> <http://www.ozemail.com.au/~dhell> <b>...</b> Regular Feature: <b>Life</b> o... Regular Feature: Lookin... Regular Feature: Loose ... Regular Feature: Networ. <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/2000/415/23076 - 16k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:OFwk5VFfETMJ:www.greenleft.org.au/2000/415/23076+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=110">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/2000/415/23076">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=100&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/2000/415/23076')">Note this</a><br></span></nobr></font><nobr><br></nobr><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1998/319/21193" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','111','AFQjCNGQipb-gssjIJgD1E5_FDJhn5u9mA','&sig2=Zz3Cc4cJm7iR76PR4_9y5w')">reen Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: Unloved</a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">Buggered if I know! Who's counting? By <b>Dave Riley</b> <b>...</b> Regular Feature: <b>Life</b> o... Regular Feature: Lookin... Regular Feature: Loose . <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1998/319/21193 - 17k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:rF0VqomamzwJ:www.greenleft.org.au/1998/319/21193+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=111">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1998/319/21193">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=110&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1998/319/21193')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/2000/394/24363" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','112','AFQjCNGH4vyFjsaD-nmm44ra8WrRNWptCQ','&sig2=NsB9GJdOm90JOGEZxMjwMw')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: Win with Winston</a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">Home » 2000 » #394 » Archives » Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: Win with Winston <b>...</b> web at <http://www.ozemail.com.au/~dhell/winston.htm>.] By <b>Dave Riley</b> <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/2000/394/24363 - 16k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:r7HVLuvOhVkJ:www.greenleft.org.au/2000/394/24363+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=112">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/2000/394/24363">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=110&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/2000/394/24363')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/2000/395/24260" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','113','AFQjCNGqUxb60mjo_UTr-z3cMCLdgGF0Ig','&sig2=wUEoWCdvu9DNU2Zf3qynTA')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: Next door</a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">REGULAR FEATURE. <b>Life of Riley</b>: Next door. 1 March 2000 <b>...</b> By <b>Dave</b> <b>Riley</b> <dhell@ozemail.com.au> <b>...</b> Regular Feature: <b>Life</b> o... Regular Feature: Lookin. <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/2000/395/24260 - 15k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:ERMWv6333ssJ:www.greenleft.org.au/2000/395/24260+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=113">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/2000/395/24260">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=110&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/2000/395/24260')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/2000/398/24112" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','114','AFQjCNGhzp9U2kiXVcWjfUXCCoJ-WJNRPQ','&sig2=umSmCDAtLA8MNI05Mu8tyA')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: April Fools' Day</a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1"><b>Life of Riley</b>: April Fools' Day. 22 March 2000 <b>...</b> By <b>Dave Riley</b> <dhell@ozemail.com.au> <b>...</b> Regular Feature: <b>Life</b> o... Regular Feature: Lookin. <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/2000/398/24112 - 15k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:anYSQs2_dncJ:www.greenleft.org.au/2000/398/24112+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=114">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/2000/398/24112">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=110&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/2000/398/24112')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/2000/407/23589" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','115','AFQjCNGWh-HKbSUoZ8G8oqAU0ktkvSojsQ','&sig2=xKA2dLdH4G9aXlvWwG9EkQ')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: We are all reconciled</a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">Ah, I was only practicing. BY <b>DAVE RILEY</b> <http://www.ozemail.com.au/~dhell> <b>...</b> Regular Feature: <b>Life</b> o... Regular Feature: Lookin. <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/2000/407/23589 - 15k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:gfYajb4mdVUJ:www.greenleft.org.au/2000/407/23589+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=115">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/2000/407/23589">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=110&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/2000/407/23589')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1998/324/20871" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','116','AFQjCNEbNLxN-q7JnD36mPRS5O89ZPj2AQ','&sig2=0tF3hmjdn2cqV3lOfx9Nvw')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: How to be true blue</a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">Home » 1998 » #324 » Archives » Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: How to be true blue <b>...</b> why I'm the Little Aussie Battler™ and you're not.” By <b>Dave Riley</b> <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1998/324/20871 - 16k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:sFv6n8zqjKkJ:www.greenleft.org.au/1998/324/20871+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=116">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1998/324/20871">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=110&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1998/324/20871')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1998/336/20196" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','117','AFQjCNFAssbEmxTcLtdtkWBVyk62sfrCjQ','&sig2=HkDxp2nRRTFNTkzQdcq0Ew')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: The same old routine</a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">Don't worry, you'll get over it. By <b>Dave Riley</b> <b>...</b> Regular Feature: <b>Life</b> o... Regular Feature: Lookin... Regular Feature: Loose ... Regular Feature: On the. <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1998/336/20196 - 15k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:R5e2LFDJq9MJ:www.greenleft.org.au/1998/336/20196+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=117">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1998/336/20196">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=110&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1998/336/20196')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1999/350/19419" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','118','AFQjCNECj4-ivRfyS6CzzsYEf63gVaL2BQ','&sig2=y5xrO9WnwIh8ybuqohD2bQ')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: Kurds come from Kurdistan</a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">More for some than others. By <b>Dave Riley</b> <b>...</b> Regular Feature: <b>Life</b> o... Regular Feature: Lookin... Regular Feature: Loose ... Regular Feature: On the. <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1999/350/19419 - 16k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:21fr5P5Umu8J:www.greenleft.org.au/1999/350/19419+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=118">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1999/350/19419">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=110&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1999/350/19419')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1999/360/18856" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','119','AFQjCNHWTDpU1EljXK_O2Nth-Qrn4F2YQw','&sig2=5xNn0qa7FTtvyKHHK2pb7w')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: That's what friends <b>...</b></a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">That's what friends are for. By <b>Dave Riley</b> <b>...</b> Regular Feature: <b>Life</b> o... Regular Feature: Lookin... Regular Feature: Loose ... Regular Feature: On the. <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1999/360/18856 - 14k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:MPItN6z4qKsJ:www.greenleft.org.au/1999/360/18856+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=119">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1999/360/18856">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=110&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1999/360/18856')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1996/228/14576" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','120','AFQjCNF06pmmaotCuAa131wynv83qqk-mA','&sig2=npzBi52OxFDkkgqqtBOw6w')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: Bill gets his 15 minutes</a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">Home » 1996 » #228 » Archives » Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: Bill gets <b>...</b> the famous Bill Hayden -- the man who saw Bob Hawke in the nude! <b>Dave Riley</b> <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1996/228/14576 - 17k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:1zUcWRXbpNIJ:www.greenleft.org.au/1996/228/14576+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=120">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1996/228/14576">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=110&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1996/228/14576')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <!--z--><nobr><br></nobr><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.google.com/url?sa=t&ct=res&cd=121&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.greenleft.org.au%2F1999%2F384%2F18129&ei=IBHSR-WAPIqmpATdzODuDA&usg=AFQjCNFdmHQPedtiGIJnjZqDDSn5kDzZag&sig2=Nlor2_35x3WEyKCiPCnU8Q" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','121','AFQjCNFdmHQPedtiGIJnjZqDDSn5kDzZag','&sig2=Nlor2_35x3WEyKCiPCnU8Q')">eft - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: Fiddling on the margins</a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">By <b>Dave Riley</b> <dhell@ozemail.com.au> <b>...</b> Regular Feature: <b>Life</b> o... Regular Feature: Lookin... Regular Feature: Loose ... Regular Feature: Networ. <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1999/384/18129 - 15k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:Y656yh0z_zIJ:www.greenleft.org.au/1999/384/18129+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=121">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1999/384/18129">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=120&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1999/384/18129')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1996/246/13490" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','122','AFQjCNGD294EBUQuYQ6tB8fnwkNCIUyg2A','&sig2=xJ-z1gHAYzUDIQ6KOlhAKQ')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: The story so far</a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">Home » 1996 » #246 » Archives » Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: The story <b>...</b> While such rough visions did appear, oil is safe for another year. <b>Dave Riley</b> <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1996/246/13490 - 18k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:AwDtpY_Q4ToJ:www.greenleft.org.au/1996/246/13490+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=122">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1996/246/13490">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=120&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1996/246/13490')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1997/260/17783" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','123','AFQjCNGiSzLbyyut8Js5COSERURgLmT_Nw','&sig2=eO51SXaMG7LsXmsxzofB5g')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: The Wicked Wik of the <b>...</b></a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">Home » 1997 » #260 » Archives » Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: The Wicked Wik of the North <b>...</b> were punished for their crimes by the RSPCA. By <b>Dave Riley</b> <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1997/260/17783 - 17k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:x_K1pFV_AxQJ:www.greenleft.org.au/1997/260/17783+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=123">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1997/260/17783">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=120&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1997/260/17783')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1998/316/21365" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','124','AFQjCNFSOYRH_LHWyOe_6_xCPRdqlcq_Mw','&sig2=UVbKleP0CLGBakL3pjMS-Q')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: The bit what's left</a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">And, by the way, that's not you. By <b>Dave Riley</b> <b>...</b> Regular Feature: <b>Life</b> o... Regular Feature: Lookin... Regular Feature: Loose ... Regular Feature: On the. <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1998/316/21365 - 15k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:Semze5qEtqoJ:www.greenleft.org.au/1998/316/21365+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=124">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1998/316/21365">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=120&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1998/316/21365')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1996/233/14269" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','125','AFQjCNFawAROnLNovBfTbYqlMnkp_gXZ9g','&sig2=DKFbd_lsOcJ7Px8qod19ig')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b></a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">And I, dear reader, have spent my <b>life</b> among them. I'm not proud. <b>...</b> Maybe for the likes of me, <b>life</b> wasn't meant to be greedy. <b>Dave Riley</b> <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1996/233/14269 - 17k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:AHSoXdqnKNwJ:www.greenleft.org.au/1996/233/14269+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=125">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1996/233/14269">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=120&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1996/233/14269')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1998/304/22053" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','126','AFQjCNHNM4ZUARUuAWnWm9MRNxinFjqthg','&sig2=3kD255AJpEYFnddX8RFx_Q')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: I love rupiah</a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">Home » 1998 » #304 » Archives » Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: I love rupiah <b>...</b> our mates in Jakarta may not be around much longer. By <b>Dave Riley</b> <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1998/304/22053 - 15k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:EWCZNtqYOmgJ:www.greenleft.org.au/1998/304/22053+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=126">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1998/304/22053">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=120&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1998/304/22053')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1999/387/17988" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','127','AFQjCNEPKutBTVyU5mp7fJ9jyICjo7-Owg','&sig2=v-Cr03cUFcHqTjHkGQrXmw')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: Trespassers prosecuted</a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">By <b>Dave Riley</b> <dhell@ozemail.com.au> <b>...</b> Regular Feature: <b>Life</b> o... Regular Feature: Lookin. <b>...</b> Issues: <b>Life</b> on the wha... Issues: Plans for SA nu. <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1999/387/17988 - 16k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:Ir5XRJzmIyIJ:www.greenleft.org.au/1999/387/17988+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=127">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1999/387/17988">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=120&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1999/387/17988')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1998/340/19956" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','128','AFQjCNEumnMe_4VZx3DnK_Kdkv26tCv32A','&sig2=P7E_bNJ8WQ8SWd1pMnedQQ')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: Out of sight, out of mind</a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">Home » 1998 » #340 » Archives » Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: Out of sight, <b>...</b> Horn without the passengers being the worse for the journey. By <b>Dave Riley</b> <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1998/340/19956 - 16k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:06yJpC_BYBIJ:www.greenleft.org.au/1998/340/19956+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=128">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1998/340/19956">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=120&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1998/340/19956')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/2000/389/24619" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','129','AFQjCNHgXrhsT-lzlHFp1f6MtgxNek3crg','&sig2=G2F4QAT2BiiY-lPko_xyPg')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: Keeping us safe from <b>...</b></a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">Home » 2000 » #389 » Archives » Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: Keeping us safe from marauding queue jumpers <b>...</b> By <b>Dave Riley</b> <dhell@ozemail.com.au> <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/2000/389/24619 - 16k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:c63SVzTxlqYJ:www.greenleft.org.au/2000/389/24619+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=129">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/2000/389/24619">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=120&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/2000/389/24619')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1998/326/20738" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','130','AFQjCNFAkJWinVLKVbwChipaDhbd7gWwNw','&sig2=1F5RXaEgHUdr7RAPh8RhbQ')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: The red mole</a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">Caught in the act Of spreading the fact That we'd rather be red than dead. <b>Dave Riley</b> <b>...</b> Regular Feature: <b>Life</b> o... Regular Feature: Lookin. <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1998/326/20738 - 15k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:6QAE_AWq2fgJ:www.greenleft.org.au/1998/326/20738+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=130">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1998/326/20738">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=120&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1998/326/20738')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font></td></tr></tbody></table></div><nobr><br></nobr><font size="-1"><nobr><span class="bl"></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <!--z--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1999/385/18091" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','131','AFQjCNElWtyzVuvBJwIOtAt99wMezq2fJg','&sig2=ZRhVH0fRylxz-KQMlO9viA')">een Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: The Wall</a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">Bookmark | Print. Home » 1999 » #385 » Archives » Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: The Wall <b>...</b> <b>Dave Riley</b> <dhell@ozemail.com.au> <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1999/385/18091 - 16k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:Rxm0TaDs8kAJ:www.greenleft.org.au/1999/385/18091+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=131">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1999/385/18091">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=130&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1999/385/18091')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1998/310/21727" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','132','AFQjCNHPkVyUSCtQmoXnX-VILy9DfkmyuA','&sig2=EM5d65smDa5Q7i2Xjq4tjw')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: The Suharto <b>...</b></a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1"><b>Life of Riley</b>: The Suharto Protection Society. 18 March 1998 <b>...</b> habitat and heritage always comes first for the Suharto Protection Society. <b>Dave Riley</b> <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1998/310/21727 - 15k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:-Q9YEpo9x20J:www.greenleft.org.au/1998/310/21727+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=132">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1998/310/21727">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=130&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1998/310/21727')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1997/262/17680" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','133','AFQjCNFYuI-jJmHbOYTIqovqdFe8rZVpJQ','&sig2=jzVrxASySoQUjxaJchJYMQ')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: Mr spermatozoon finds <b>...</b></a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">Such is <b>life</b> ... for sperm. Lest we forget them. If it wasn't for those few who make <b>...</b> If you don't like it, you can go play with yourself. By <b>Dave Riley</b> <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1997/262/17680 - 16k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:P2UT0G8Bu14J:www.greenleft.org.au/1997/262/17680+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=133">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1997/262/17680">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=130&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1997/262/17680')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1999/386/18026" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','134','AFQjCNGTXA3mLR9F3L8q_U_l3NQ2x2KsbA','&sig2=juoPtYG2ZrRMDKbiwzs0tg')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: Keep up the good work</a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1"><b>Life of Riley</b>: Keep up the good work. 24 November 1999 <b>...</b> By <b>Dave</b> <b>Riley</b> <dhell@ozemail.com.au> <b>...</b> Regular Feature: <b>Life</b> o... Regular Feature: Lookin. <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1999/386/18026 - 15k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:CDqkqZPvoQcJ:www.greenleft.org.au/1999/386/18026+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=134">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1999/386/18026">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=130&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1999/386/18026')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1996/249/13357" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','135','AFQjCNFKQa8AO8J_iBL1hTrXs-uwEATT-w','&sig2=VKb9FF4aQ1mPKDv0a7Y-qQ')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: The Ever So Ordinary MP</a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">Home » 1996 » #249 » Archives » Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: The Ever So Ordinary MP <b>...</b> all I can say is this: Liar! Liar! Pants on fire! <b>Dave Riley</b> <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1996/249/13357 - 16k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:iA9wY4esUhMJ:www.greenleft.org.au/1996/249/13357+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=135">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1996/249/13357">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=130&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1996/249/13357')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1997/276/16854" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','136','AFQjCNHsT0t5K9KZ0SpIijV9W7s_PQozGw','&sig2=qJ1nPZMWBLhIjpq2rBosqQ')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: A one notion nation</a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">Comrades: everything we hold dear -- our way of <b>life</b>, the traditional clicking of the proverbial shears, <b>...</b> By <b>Dave Riley</b>. Email: dhell@ozemail.com.au. <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1997/276/16854 - 18k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:z5gs9rqx3_kJ:www.greenleft.org.au/1997/276/16854+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=136">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1997/276/16854">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=130&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1997/276/16854')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1999/352/19283" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','137','AFQjCNGtUs5enc4iTKdnx-gtzUcTHKbTLg','&sig2=yZ2ojbdZgOMwPfBKegZfBQ')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: The postmodern condition</a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">Home » 1999 » #352 » Archives » Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: The postmodern <b>...</b> way of saying that this is the best of all possible worlds. By <b>Dave Riley</b> <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1999/352/19283 - 15k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:jNDG-GSGalEJ:www.greenleft.org.au/1999/352/19283+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=137">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1999/352/19283">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=130&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1999/352/19283')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1995/173/12737" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','138','AFQjCNHnyLNSj4ohnMWX-uI-2vvidUELOA','&sig2=964KL_DLf37HOMc1zj_r9w')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: Gareth is coming</a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">Home » 1995 » #173 » Archives » Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: Gareth is coming <b>...</b> will accept Evans' invitation to anchor somewhere off Bondi. <b>Dave Riley</b> <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1995/173/12737 - 16k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:ihvL6O6LteEJ:www.greenleft.org.au/1995/173/12737+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=138">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1995/173/12737">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=130&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1995/173/12737')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/2000/410/23407" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','139','AFQjCNEV-WOVJowKahJm-Whw7-LLxgzFyw','&sig2=cMUjNDFSIzWa5ndLquNKoQ')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: If not, what?</a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">Get a <b>life</b>! You're one lucky bastard. Haven't you been listening? Ask the RSL any day of the week: “we <b>...</b> By <b>Dave Riley</b> <http://www.ozemail.com.au/~dhell> <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/2000/410/23407 - 17k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:H-2gj-dqnccJ:www.greenleft.org.au/2000/410/23407+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=139">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/2000/410/23407">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=130&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/2000/410/23407')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1995/187/12001" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','140','AFQjCNFdpXFyHOHCNpQVpSiNgGBTKfXPQA','&sig2=44y9qttTIJKABEb504c4Jg')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: The swagman cometh</a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">By <b>Dave Riley</b>. Maybe you are fed up with the city and its teeming peoples. Their ways and means, <b>...</b> Regular Feature: <b>Life</b> o... Regular Feature: Lookin. <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1995/187/12001 - 17k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:3w9or0Ub6PAJ:www.greenleft.org.au/1995/187/12001+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=140">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1995/187/12001">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=130&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1995/187/12001')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <!--z--><nobr><br></nobr><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1999/348/19516" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','141','AFQjCNGDp14R_gAS4izv41CW0rxejarcxg','&sig2=2MsrJJSXZnEJ1zDlDvIXgw')">een Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: When it pleases me</a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">Home » 1999 » #348 » Archives » Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: When it pleases <b>...</b> I was to change my mind. (Rises). Yes, Sir. Then it wouldn't. <b>Dave Riley</b> <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1999/348/19516 - 14k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:VflxrsxyaZwJ:www.greenleft.org.au/1999/348/19516+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=141">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1999/348/19516">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=140&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1999/348/19516')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1996/244/13668" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','142','AFQjCNEvMgK9gVIIU1hr0b0r3VrI3ICnYQ','&sig2=1UqF6sIwwo0iCgDOzUmTPw')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: Today is the day</a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">Home » 1996 » #244 » Archives » Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: Today is the day <b>...</b> to lose (here's an oldie but a goodie) but your chains. <b>Dave Riley</b> <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1996/244/13668 - 17k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:_6oXZsSnjgQJ:www.greenleft.org.au/1996/244/13668+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=142">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1996/244/13668">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=140&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1996/244/13668')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1994/165/8575" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','143','AFQjCNHZ90XsCfJI0G6fbH6C7HWdT38oOA','&sig2=HD-uvqauYwos0LXjNCZKIA')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: Depression hits <b>...</b></a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1"><b>Life of Riley</b>: Depression hits Robinson Crusoe's island <b>...</b> By <b>Dave Riley</b>. “Friday”, said Robinson Crusoe”, I'm sorry, I fear I must lay you off.” <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1994/165/8575 - 18k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:GIDlpOhSlkYJ:www.greenleft.org.au/1994/165/8575+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=143">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1994/165/8575">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=140&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1994/165/8575')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1998/314/21479" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','144','AFQjCNGGAlZP-2a814RWONJE9ZAGgJAnPQ','&sig2=z9NPKpIMlIRwgfSNK0_f3g')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: It has come!</a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">Home » 1998 » #314 » Archives » Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: It has come! <b>...</b> our voices in sweet song: “Will ye not come back again?”. By <b>Dave Riley</b> <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1998/314/21479 - 16k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:tr_MSWVApUQJ:www.greenleft.org.au/1998/314/21479+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=144">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1998/314/21479">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=140&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1998/314/21479')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1999/346/19636" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','145','AFQjCNHlNmgGGEIrPIm5eZ7QbTzgqkNDgQ','&sig2=JYzaiG9_OZnq-bRTRoDp2g')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: Australia Day 1999</a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">Bookmark | Print. Home » 1999 » #346 » Archives » Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: Australia Day 1999 <b>...</b> for we are young and free ... etcetera. <b>Dave Riley</b> <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1999/346/19636 - 15k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:2yL2xme7GrgJ:www.greenleft.org.au/1999/346/19636+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=145">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1999/346/19636">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=140&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1999/346/19636')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1998/334/20274" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','146','AFQjCNHPMjIO5dHE9vc7D6Rzjzq8vtFiFw','&sig2=GiiB0s2YF5VkPTSFD0GHZA')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: Figures</a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">Home » 1998 » #334 » Archives » Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: Figures <b>...</b> If Lowe can give us a figure for one thing why not for others? By <b>Dave Riley</b> <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1998/334/20274 - 16k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:Gmlyz-nP2wQJ:www.greenleft.org.au/1998/334/20274+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=146">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1998/334/20274">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=140&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1998/334/20274')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1997/283/16394" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','147','AFQjCNHwz3SH_Sbh7gWeoivzEeKZodgFiw','&sig2=tUr4wNY7YWk4HTgxxqi7aQ')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: PC or no PC, that is <b>...</b></a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">“Where you goin', pa?” “Out, ma.” “Out where, pa?” “Same place as yesterday.” By <b>Dave Riley</b> <b>...</b> Regular Feature: <b>Life</b> o... Regular Feature: Lookin. <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1997/283/16394 - 17k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:4qhLwCO7lo8J:www.greenleft.org.au/1997/283/16394+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=147">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1997/283/16394">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=140&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1997/283/16394')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/2000/406/23660" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','148','AFQjCNF2MIjyKYHrc9X2t1siU9hMOcVV4Q','&sig2=u6tgUE8DjHS1H2uQc_LMFQ')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: Do you want tax with <b>...</b></a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">Whoopee do! By <b>Dave Riley</b>. <http://www.ozemail.com.au/~dhell> <b>...</b> Regular Feature: <b>Life</b> o... Regular Feature: Lookin... Regular Feature: Loose . <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/2000/406/23660 - 16k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:ZFbZiSZ3qt0J:www.greenleft.org.au/2000/406/23660+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=148">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/2000/406/23660">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=140&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/2000/406/23660')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1997/285/16321" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','149','AFQjCNGyq8lj6tZJX8ciYwFFmMgoUm64yg','&sig2=PsMha1puesa4J-DVdKfuOQ')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: Mr Pot is alive and <b>...</b></a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1"><b>Life of Riley</b>: Mr Pot is alive and well and living in Thredbo <b>...</b> he could then write back home, “Wish you were all alive to be here.” By <b>Dave Riley</b> <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1997/285/16321 - 18k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:ws11zkovCzwJ:www.greenleft.org.au/1997/285/16321+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=149">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1997/285/16321">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=140&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1997/285/16321')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1998/318/21266" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','150','AFQjCNHzmO1QOAN9hSt9mf1b0N7fK08Dxg','&sig2=Ms5Z4QcV5e2nT_vefZdgaQ')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: That's the point</a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">I mean, all you want out of <b>life</b> is three square meals a day and a roof over your head. <b>...</b> That's the point, isn't it? So it is. By <b>Dave Riley</b> <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1998/318/21266 - 16k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:pJfwieGPqH0J:www.greenleft.org.au/1998/318/21266+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=150">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1998/318/21266">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=140&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1998/318/21266')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font></td></tr></tbody></table></div><nobr><br><br></nobr><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1998/325/20827" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','151','AFQjCNF6NCuhidrqUU0te-s6tkbAxWPG7g','&sig2=KSFJFRTah4inYUjUwXNVfQ')">een Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: The tale of Robin Hood</a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">Home » 1998 » #325 » Archives » Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: The tale of Robin <b>...</b> in his haste to die so, Robin forgot to pay his GST. By <b>Dave Riley</b> <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1998/325/20827 - 15k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:V_43OeYF2PAJ:www.greenleft.org.au/1998/325/20827+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=151">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1998/325/20827">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=150&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1998/325/20827')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1999/362/18777" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','152','AFQjCNFsNW-NR0sdIfCXFL9Dw5H4xLw2lg','&sig2=66Yl8KUicLaglhbYvZgSDA')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: Let's hear it for fools!</a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">I'm sure you'll think of something. -- I don't suppose you'd ... No, I wouldn't! By <b>Dave Riley</b> <b>...</b> Regular Feature: <b>Life</b> o... Regular Feature: Lookin. <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1999/362/18777 - 15k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:Vk5TBqNwUCMJ:www.greenleft.org.au/1999/362/18777+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=152">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1999/362/18777">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=150&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1999/362/18777')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/2000/396/24227" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','153','AFQjCNEu1JBKtmUN7pImWWwXGSZtzYBeQQ','&sig2=SxoS_p6l-ZGXnxpogjgsnQ')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: A message from the <b>...</b></a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1"><b>Life of Riley</b>: A message from the sponsor. 8 March 2000 <b>...</b> By <b>Dave</b> <b>Riley</b> <dhell@ozemail.com.au> <b>...</b> Regular Feature: <b>Life</b> o... Regular Feature: Lookin. <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/2000/396/24227 - 15k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:KGgDQijy9ssJ:www.greenleft.org.au/2000/396/24227+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=153">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/2000/396/24227">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=150&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/2000/396/24227')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1996/229/14509" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','154','AFQjCNH7iX4LzFcjgsiyd1QX4pKQ3o36iw','&sig2=sl4NRNZC4vg0IF12k0PN8A')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: Getting to know the <b>...</b></a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">Home » 1996 » #229 » Archives » Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: Getting to know the <b>...</b> another group of layabouts we could well do without ..." <b>Dave Riley</b> <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1996/229/14509 - 17k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:6ahe8QUPNbEJ:www.greenleft.org.au/1996/229/14509+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=154">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1996/229/14509">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=150&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1996/229/14509')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1994/163/8650" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','155','AFQjCNGz24R7bZ3Jsy9jMhTji0nLYVkq-g','&sig2=J30Zw81XWrik3dRGeayxMw')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: Life's a beach in Haiti</a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1"><b>Life of Riley</b>: Life's a beach in Haiti. 19 October 1994. By <b>Dave Riley</b>. Uncle Sam says: I want you. I want you in khaki. I want you in Haiti. <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1994/163/8650 - 17k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:xTdAlD3vKxQJ:www.greenleft.org.au/1994/163/8650+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=155">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1994/163/8650">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=150&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1994/163/8650')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1996/245/13556" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','156','AFQjCNGPbSEjrUOAMwxYHrxFou3AW7nNbg','&sig2=SASNkeJL9N9z-k2Mcv4d3Q')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: Waiting for Lefty</a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">A Voice: No. I never thought about it. Myself: That's what we lefties are here for. <b>Dave Riley</b> <b>...</b> Regular Feature: <b>Life</b> o... Regular Feature: Lookin. <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1996/245/13556 - 18k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:1vqihrrjIVUJ:www.greenleft.org.au/1996/245/13556+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=156">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1996/245/13556">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=150&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1996/245/13556')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/2000/393/24382" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','157','AFQjCNEOPRsywigECSQ_DoWXZHez5vre7w','&sig2=TorftfR3C2OXtr30Jmhoxw')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: To GST or not</a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1"><b>Life of Riley</b>: To GST or not. 16 February 2000 <b>...</b> By <b>Dave Riley</b> <dhell@ozemail.com.au> <b>...</b> Regular Feature: <b>Life</b> o... Regular Feature: Lookin. <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/2000/393/24382 - 15k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:QyyN95xJ8mcJ:www.greenleft.org.au/2000/393/24382+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=157">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/2000/393/24382">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=150&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/2000/393/24382')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1994/169/8369" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','158','AFQjCNHhMJiJR2ZsVFh6_oILePZmBIbVaw','&sig2=shrFtobwp1mlMeEzod7rYw')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: Prayer of the Foetus <b>...</b></a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">By <b>Dave Riley</b>. Every time I open my wallet an avalanche of lubricated <b>...</b> Ralph dispenses from his shop, he prescribes an organic sex <b>life</b> for all. <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1994/169/8369 - 17k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:xsRV6nLXikMJ:www.greenleft.org.au/1994/169/8369+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=158">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1994/169/8369">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=150&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1994/169/8369')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1999/354/19155" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','159','AFQjCNHYOQlK5ERG6SDkRtAzdTD8r-ThIA','&sig2=m6eA3c3A9eFXXohIU5uXmQ')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: Jeeves</a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">But I mean to say. I mean, what's the use? These menials simply don't get it, what? <b>Dave Riley</b> <b>...</b> Regular Feature: <b>Life</b> o... Regular Feature: Lookin. <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1999/354/19155 - 17k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:teZ3KG7jAvEJ:www.greenleft.org.au/1999/354/19155+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=159">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1999/354/19155">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=150&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1999/354/19155')">Note this</a></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="g"><!--m--><h2 class="r"><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/1994/160/8840" class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','res','160','AFQjCNEq3pMEbWdOjp1qKF4cpJNunNCoyA','&sig2=VPopscsAsVBiWQMjhTcWvw')">Green Left - Regular Feature: <b>Life of Riley</b>: Lest we forget</a></h2><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="j"><font size="-1">By <b>Dave Riley</b>. I am sick of the bitter, sectarian divisiveness that exists on the left in this <b>...</b> Regular Feature: <b>Life</b> o... Regular Feature: Lookin. <b>...</b><br><span class="a">www.greenleft.org.au/1994/160/8840 - 17k - </span><nobr><a class="fl" href="http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:DVVxoF3ZXQsJ:www.greenleft.org.au/1994/160/8840+dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=160">Cached</a> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=related:www.greenleft.org.au/1994/160/8840">Similar pages</a><span class="bl"> - <a class="fl" href="http://www.google.com/search?q=dave+life+of+riley+site:greenleft.org.au&hl=en&start=150&sa=N#" onclick="return gnb._add(this, 'http://www.greenleft.org.au/1994/160/8840')">Note this</a><br><br></span></nobr></font><!--n--></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <!--z--><nobr><br><br></nobr><font size="-1"><nobr><span class="bl"></span></nobr></font></html>
<html><embed type="application/x-shockwave-flash" src="http://picasaweb.google.com.au/s/c/bin/slideshow.swf" flashvars="host=picasaweb.google.com.au&captions=1&noautoplay=1&RGB=0x000000&feed=http%3A%2F%2Fpicasaweb.google.com.au%2Fdata%2Ffeed%2Fapi%2Fuser%2Fratbagradio%2Falbumid%2F5098397518300411217%3Fkind%3Dphoto%26alt%3Drss" pluginspage="http://www.macromedia.com/go/getflashplayer" height="400" width="600"></html>
PERSONAL
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<<tagCloud>>
Mozilla Firefox, Portable Edition
your browser, your way... in your pocket™
Mozilla Firefox®, Portable Edition is the popular Mozilla Firefox web browser bundled with a PortableApps.com Launcher as a portable app, so you can take your bookmarks, extensions and saved passwords with you.
Download Now 2.0.0.12 for Windows, English 6.0MB Languages | Details
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Features
portable_firefox_small.pngMozilla Firefox is a fast, full-featured web browser that's easy to use. It has lots of great features including popup-blocking, tabbed-browsing, integrated search, improved privacy features, automatic updating and more. Plus, thanks to the PortableApps.com launcher bundled in the Mozilla Firefox, Portable Edition, it leaves no personal information behind on the machine you run it on, so you can take your favorite browser along with all your favorite bookmarks and extensions with you wherever you go. Learn more about Mozilla Firefox...
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http://www.unionair.cjb.net/20071215.mp3 <<deliciousPlayTagger>>
/***
|''Name:''|MultiTagEditorPlugin|
|''Version:''|0.2.0 (Dec 29, 2006)|
|''Source:''|http://ido-xp.tiddlyspot.com/#MultiTagEditorPlugin|
|''Author:''|Ido Magal (idoXatXidomagalXdotXcom)|
|''Licence:''|[[BSD open source license]]|
|''CoreVersion:''|2.1.0|
|''Browser:''|??|
!Description
This plugin enables the addition and deletion of tags from sets of tiddlers.
!Installation instructions
*Create a new tiddler in your wiki and copy the contents of this tiddler into it. Name it the same and tag it with "systemConfig".
*Save and reload your wiki.
*Use it here [[MultiTagEditor]].
!Revision history
* v0.2.0 (Dec 29, 2006)
** Added Selection column that allows excluding tiddlers.
* v0.1.0 (Dec 27, 2006)
** First draft.
!To Do
* Clean up text strings.
* Figure out how to store selection so it isn't reset after every action.
* Prettify layout.
!Code
***/
//{{{
merge(config.shadowTiddlers,
{
MultiTagEditor:[
"<<MTE>>",
""
].join("\n")
});
config.macros.MTE =
{
AddToListLabel : "Add to List",
AddToListPrompt : "Add Tiddlers to the List",
listViewTemplate :
{
columns: [
{name: 'Selected', field: 'Selected', rowName: 'title', type: 'Selector'},
{name: 'Title', field: 'title', tiddlerLink: 'title', title: "Title", type: 'TiddlerLink'},
{name: 'Snippet', field: 'text', title: "Snippet", type: 'String'},
{name: 'Tags', field: 'tags', title: "Tags", type: 'Tags'}
],
rowClasses: [
],
actions: [
//{caption: "More actions...", name: ''},
//{caption: "Remove selected tiddlers from list", name: 'delete'}
]
},
tiddlers : [],
HomeSection : [],
ListViewSection : [],
AddToListSection : [],
handler : function( place, macroName, params, wikifier, paramString, tiddler )
{
this.HomeSection = place;
var newsection = createTiddlyElement( null, "div", null, "MTE_AddTag" );
createTiddlyText(newsection, "Tiddler Tags to edit: ");
var input = createTiddlyElement( null, "input", null, "txtOptionInput" );
input.type = "text";
input.size = 50;
newsection.appendChild( input );
newsection.inputBox = input;
createTiddlyButton( newsection, this.AddToListLabel, this.AddToListPrompt, this.onAddToList, null, null, null );
createTiddlyButton( newsection, "Clear List", this.addtoListPrompt, this.onClear, null, null, null );
createTiddlyElement( newsection, "br" );
createTiddlyElement( newsection, "br" );
this.AddToListSection = newsection;
this.HomeSection.appendChild( newsection );
newsection = createTiddlyElement( null, "div", null, "MTE_addtag" );
createTiddlyButton( newsection, "Add Tag", "Add tag to all listed tiddlers", this.onAddTag, null, null, null );
var input = createTiddlyElement( null, "input", null, "txtOptionInput" );
input.type = "text";
input.size = 50;
newsection.appendChild( input );
newsection.inputBox = input;
createTiddlyElement( newsection, "br" );
this.AddTagSection = newsection;
this.HomeSection.appendChild( newsection );
newsection = createTiddlyElement( null, "div", null, "MTE_removetag" );
createTiddlyButton( newsection, "Remove Tag", "Remove tag from all listed tiddlers", this.onRemoveTag, null, null, null );
var input = createTiddlyElement( null, "input", null, "txtOptionInput" );
input.type = "text";
input.size = 50;
newsection.appendChild( input );
newsection.inputBox = input;
createTiddlyElement( newsection, "br" );
this.RemoveTagSection = newsection;
this.HomeSection.appendChild( newsection );
this.ListViewSection = createTiddlyElement( null, "div", null, "MTE_listview" );
this.HomeSection.appendChild( this.ListViewSection );
ListView.create( this.ListViewSection, this.tiddlers, this.listViewTemplate, null );
},
ResetListView : function()
{
ListView.forEachSelector( config.macros.MTE.ListViewSection, function( e, rowName )
{
if( e.checked )
{
var title = e.getAttribute( "rowName" );
var tiddler = config.macros.MTE.tiddlers.findByField( "title", title );
tiddler.Selected = 1;
}
});
config.macros.MTE.HomeSection.removeChild( config.macros.MTE.ListViewSection );
config.macros.MTE.ListViewSection = createTiddlyElement( null, "div", null, "MTE_listview" );
config.macros.MTE.HomeSection.appendChild( config.macros.MTE.ListViewSection );
ListView.create( config.macros.MTE.ListViewSection, config.macros.MTE.tiddlers, config.macros.MTE.listViewTemplate, config.macros.MTE.onSelectCommand);
},
onAddToList : function()
{
store.forEachTiddler( function ( title, tiddler )
{
var tags = config.macros.MTE.AddToListSection.inputBox.value.readBracketedList();
if (( tiddler.tags.containsAll( tags )) && ( config.macros.MTE.tiddlers.findByField( "title", title ) == null ))
{
var t = store.getTiddlerSlices( title, ["Name", "Description", "Version", "CoreVersion", "Date", "Source", "Author", "License", "Browsers"] );
t.title = title;
t.tiddler = tiddler;
t.text = tiddler.text.substr(0,50);
t.tags = tiddler.tags;
config.macros.MTE.tiddlers.push(t);
}
});
config.macros.MTE.ResetListView();
},
onClear : function()
{
config.macros.MTE.tiddlers = [];
config.macros.MTE.ResetListView();
},
onAddTag : function( e )
{
var selectedRows = [];
ListView.forEachSelector(config.macros.MTE.ListViewSection, function( e, rowName )
{
if( e.checked )
selectedRows.push( e.getAttribute( "rowName" ));
});
var tag = config.macros.MTE.AddTagSection.inputBox.value;
for(t=0; t < config.macros.MTE.tiddlers.length; t++)
{
if ( selectedRows.indexOf( config.macros.MTE.tiddlers[t].title ) != -1 )
store.setTiddlerTag( config.macros.MTE.tiddlers[t].title, true, tag);
}
config.macros.MTE.ResetListView();
},
onRemoveTag : function( e )
{
var selectedRows = [];
ListView.forEachSelector(config.macros.MTE.ListViewSection, function( e, rowName )
{
if( e.checked )
selectedRows.push( e.getAttribute( "rowName" ));
});
var tag = config.macros.MTE.RemoveTagSection.inputBox.value;
for(t=0; t < config.macros.MTE.tiddlers.length; t++)
{
if ( selectedRows.indexOf( config.macros.MTE.tiddlers[t].title ) != -1 )
store.setTiddlerTag( config.macros.MTE.tiddlers[t].title, false, tag);
}
config.macros.MTE.ResetListView();
}
};
//}}}
<html><h2>My Other Car is a Bright Green City</h2><a href="http://www.worldchanging.com/archives/007800.html">http://www.worldchanging.com/archives/007800.html</a><br><br>
<p class="byline"><a href="http://www.worldchanging.com/alex_bio.html">Alex Steffen</a><br>January 23, 2008 5:06 PM</p>
<br>
<div class="blogarticletext">
<p><i>Today's cars are costly, dangerous and an ecological nightmare.
What if the solution to the problems they create, though, has more to
do with where we live than what we drive?</i></p>
<p><i>This is a rough draft of a long essay about why I believe
building compact communities should be one of America's highest
environmental priorities, and why, in fact, our obsession with building
greener cars may be obscuring some fundamental aspects of the problem
and some of the benefits of using land-use change as a primary
sustainability solution.</i></p>
<p><i>It's very rough in some places. But I'd like to put it out there
as an opportunity for discussion, and hopefully all you smart folks can
help me make it better. So, what do you think about this issue and how
can I improve this piece?</i></p>
<p><i>Thanks,</i></p>
<p><i>Alex</i></p>
<p><br>
I. The Truth About Cars</p>
<p>Recently, I gave a talk at the IDSA conference, and, as it happened,
my talk followed a presentation from the folks at Tesla, sharing the
design process of their electric sports car, <a target="new" href="http://www.worldchanging.com/archives/005118.html">the Tesla Roadster</a>.</p>
<p>Since I was there to talk about sustainability, and was talking to a
big room full of designers, I tried to lay out how serious our
environmental predicament has become, and how much we'll need to change
if we want to steer clear of ecological catastrophe. Along the way, I
shared a few of the reasons why I thought the Roadster, though
undoubtedly cool, went nowhere near far enough to be called sustainable.</p>
<p>The response surprised me. After my talk, scores of people
approached me or emailed me to ask, in generally polite tones, what the
hell I was talking about? How could a car that gets 135 mpg-equivalent
not be a major harbinger of sustainability?</p>
<p>Because the answer to the problem of the American car is not under
the hood, and we're not going to find a bright green future by looking
there.</p>
<p><br>
II. A Brief Digression About the Nature of the Problem</p>
<p>The U.S. economy, as currently configured, is destroying the planet.
We are responsible for the lion's share of a great many global
problems, including being both <a target="new" href="http://www.worldchanging.com/archives//007108.html">the largest historical carbon polluter and the leading source of global emissions today</a></p>
<p>In addition, for the several billion people in the developing world
who are rapidly climbing out of poverty, our lifestyles are the measure
of prosperity. If they replicate the American way of life several
billion more times, our goose is cooked. The natural systems on which
we depend cannot survive the tidal wave of pollution and ecosystem
degradation it would take to enrich billions of people using current
technologies, designs and lifestyle choices. And we're not going to
talk people out of pursuing a more affluent life: it's insane to think
that we can talk them out of pursuing affluence while we waste our way
to wealth. If we're serious about saving the planet, we need to help
them create better alternatives.</p>
<p>The single best way we can do that is to lead by example. By
embracing our own models of sustainably prosperous living, we would do
two things: we'd help change the cultural messaging about what
prosperity really means, and we'd create some (perhaps many) of
technologies and designs other countries will need to invent their own
models. More importantly, we'd show that we're taking responsibility
for the massive burden we're already placing on the planet, and show
that we're again willing to show leadership on global issues. That
alone might lead to reinvigorated global negotiations on a whole host
of key problems.</p>
<p>So we need a one-planet America and we need it quickly. People hold
differing views about what one-planet and quickly mean, but as we
better grasp the nature of our predicament, it seems more and more
likely that if we want to unveil our model in time for other countries
to follow suit, we need to be living it by 2030, and if we take
seriously the voices I find most credible on issues of climate change,
ecosystem services and the like, that new model needs to reduce our
greenhouse gas emissions by 80-90%, drop our raw materials flows by a
comparable amount, preserve ecosystem functions across broad swathes of
the landscape and dramatically decrease the volume of toxic chemicals
finding their way into our soil, air and water.</p>
<p>Lots of argument can (and will be) had about all of these goals. No
one really knows for sure yet. But I am increasingly confident that
these are in the right ball-park and may even prove to be moderate to
conservative targets.</p>
<p><br>
III. Fixating on the Tailpipe</p>
<p><img src="http://www.worldchanging.com/2005_greenhouse.gif" and="" align="right" height="301" hspace="5" vspace="5" width="301">Transportation
generates over a quarter of U.S. greenhouse gases, according to the
E.P.A.. A portion of that comes from moving freight around, but over
20% is personal transportation, and the vast majority of that is
auto-related. In the Western states, the picture is even more severe.
Researcher and ally Eric de Place<a target="new" href="http://www.sightline.org/daily_score/archive/2008/01/08/wci-and-transportation-fuels">says</a>, "More than half of all fossil fuel emissions in the WCI states come from transportation."</p>
<p>Our vehicle emissions are a major climate change contributor, but
what comes out of the tailpipe is only a fraction of the total climate
impact of driving a car, and the climate impact is in turn only a part
of the environmental and social damage cars cause. Improving mileage
will not fix these problems.</p>
<p>Don't get me wrong: we absolutely need to drive down tailpipe emissions. Teresa Zhang of UC Berkeley, in a <a target="new" href="http://repositories.cdlib.org/lma/gmg/zhang_05_1/">recent environmental analysis of the average American car</a>
(PDF), found that the tailpipe emissions from the average car alone
equal 50% of a one-planet footprint. "The actual footprint," she notes,
"may range from 30% to over 100% of one’s ecological budget,
corresponding to fuel efficiencies between 55 mpg and 12 mpg." And
automotive emissions are still going up. So we can see the importance
of cars that get the energy equivalent of 135 mpg.</p>
<p><br>
IV. Beyond the Tailpipe</p>
<p>We want to drop tailpipe emissions (more on this later), but the
exhaust we're spewing is really only the beginning of the story. We
can't see most of the ecological and social impacts of our
auto-dependence in our daily lives. And those impacts are so massive
that arguing about fuel efficiency standards (especially in terms of
gradual increases) fails to acknowledge what we're up against with this
crisis.</p>
<p>First, there are the other non-exhaust direct impacts of the cars
themselves. Studies appear to show that between fifteen and twenty-two
percent of all the energy ever consumed by a vehicle is used in its
manufacture; the sources disagree, but the procurement of the materials
used to make and maintain that car (and then dispose of it at the end
of its life) may mean that almost half of the direct climate impact of
a car never comes out of its tailpipe. (For an excellent discussion of
the difficulty of assessing these numbers, check out the comments on
Erica's <a target="new" href="http://www.worldchanging.com/archives/007492.html">Prius post</a>.)</p>
<p>This illustration handily demonstrates some of the inputs and impacts of the average car's lifecycle:</p>
<p>[[ILLO #2 to come]]</p>
<p>Second, lest we suffer from <a target="new" href="http://www.worldchanging.com/archives//005019.html">carbon blindness</a>,
it's worth stopping to consider all the car-related pollution that has
little or nothing to do with energy used to make or move that car. </p>
<p>Road-building itself disrupts watershed hydrology. The crappy cars
we drive today spew toxins in every direction -- motor oil leaks,
lubricants burn, brakes wear away, particulates are thrown off the
engine, batteries erode. Then, too, keeping roads clear involves road
salt and roadside herbicides. As a leading study explains, "The
Washington Department of Transportation estimates that meeting its
stormwater runoff water quality and flood control requirements will
cost $75 to $220 million a year in increased capital and operating
costs," while the cost of the water polluted by cars in the U.S. alone</p>
<blockquote><i>"totals $29 billion per year ... Note that this estimate
excludes costs of residual runoff, shoreline damage, leaking
underground storage tanks,reduced groundwater recharge and increased
flooding due to pavement, so it is considered a conservative value."</i></blockquote>
<p>With a massive network of roads and an average of more than three <a target="new" href="http://www.worldchanging.com/archives//001861.html">parking spaces</a> per car (less in dense cities, more in the suburbs), auto-focused transportation infrastructure contributes mightily to the <a target="new" href="http://www.worldchanging.com/archives//001861.html">heat island effect</a>, which worsens air quality and increases energy used on <a target="new" href="http://www.worldchanging.com/archives/007800.html">air conditioning</a>.
And while asphalt that uses lighter-colored rocks can offer some
relief, the basic problem is the amount of paved surface itself, and
cars demand the most pavement per person of any form of transportation
-- (by the way, anyone got a link to one of those photos or graphs
comparing the amount of pavement needed by 100 people driving, walking
and taking the bus?)</p>
<p>But, water and ecosystem impacts aside, what about the indirect
climate impacts of all that road-building? A study quoted in the 9/05
issue of the Journal of Urban Planning and Development estimates that
the greenhouse gasses emitted while building and maintaining roads add
an additional 45% to the average car's annual climate footprint. And we
continue to build roads at a rapid rate, all across North America. Even
many <a target="new" href="http://www.worldchanging.com/archives//001376.html">shrinking cities</a> are seeing road-building on their suburban fringes increase.</p>
<p><br>
V. Why Emissions Are Still Growing</p>
<p>The difficulty of tackling automotive climate emissions was
highlighted recently here in Seattle, where, in advance of the US
Conference of Mayors climate change summit, the City of Seattle
released <a target="new" href="http://seattlepi.nwsource.com/local/337254_climate30.html">a major report detailing Seattle's progress towards attaining Kyoto</a>.
In general, Seattle should be at least a little proud, having cut
emissions in all sorts of sectors. We're a long way from bright green,
but we're making progress.</p>
<p>Except in transportation. Specifically, car and truck emissions. There, <a target="new" href="http://slog.thestranger.com/2007/10/things_the_mayor_doesnt_mention_1">emissions actually grew</a>. In fact, given recent and predicted growth in auto emissions, <a target="new" href="http://slog.thestranger.com/2007/10/more_bad_news_from_the_citys_climate_stu">Seattle is actually losing ground on climate change</a>. Worse still? Those numbers don't even begin to count indirect climate costs: all they count is tailpipe exhaust.</p>
<p>But Seattle shouldn't feel bad. Across much or North America,<a target="new" href="http://www.baltimoresun.com/news/local/bal-te.md.climate21sep21,0,7126310.story">more people are driving more cars farther and more often</a>:</p>
<blockquote><i>"The number of miles Americans drive has grown three
times faster than the population since 1980, and twice as fast as the
increase in vehicle registrations... The U.S. Energy Information
Administration projects total miles driven to increase by 59 percent by
2030, which the report's authors say would cancel out whatever
reductions in carbon dioxide might be achieved by improving the gas
mileage of cars and trucks."</i></blockquote>
<p>All that driving takes some pretty big social tolls, too, of course.
Car accidents are a leading cause of death and disabling injury in the
U.S. Auto-dependence is a major contributor to obesity and other
chronic illness. In addition, more and more people are finding
themselves driving longer commutes: more than 3.5 million Americans now
drive more than three hours a day to get to and from work, spending a
month of their lives on the road each year. Meanwhile, people who live
in the newer fringe-burbs are reportedly the least happiest of
Americans, and <a target="new" href="http://www.businessweek.com/magazine/content/05_08/b3921127.htm">the long commutes they endure are a major reason why</a> </p>
<blockquote><i>This is what economists call "the commuting paradox."
Most people travel long distances with the idea that they'll accept the
burden for something better, be it a house, salary, or school. They
presume the trade-off is worth the agony. But studies show that
commuters are on average much less satisfied with their lives than
noncommuters. A commuter who travels one hour, one way, would have to
make 40% more than his current salary to be as fully satisfied with his
life as a noncommuter, say economists Bruno S. Frey and Alois Stutzer
of the University of Zurich's Institute for Empirical Research in
Economics. People usually overestimate the value of the things they'll
obtain by commuting -- more money, more material goods, more prestige
-- and underestimate the benefit of what they are losing: social
connections, hobbies, and health. "Commuting is a stress that doesn't
pay off," says Stutzer.</i></blockquote>
<p>We're driving farther and farther, we're less and less happy, and we're melting the ice caps. Yay!</p>
<p><br>
VI. What We Build Dictates How We Get Around, and More</p>
<p>Our efforts to build a one-planet prosperity may involve an
astonishing variety of new approaches, but in the U.S., we most need to
adopt one solution that leverages almost all the others: stop sprawl
and build well-designed compact communities. That's because the
land-use patterns in our communities dictate not only how much we
drive, but how sustainable we're able to be on all sort of fronts.</p>
<p>Sprawled-out land uses generate enormous amounts of automotive greenhouse gasses. A recent major study, <a target="new" href="http://smartgrowthamerica.org/gcindex.html">Growing Cooler</a>,
makes the point clearly: if 60 percent of new developments were even
modestly more compact, we'd emit 85 million fewer metric tons of
tailpipe CO2 each year by 2030 -- as much as would be saved by raising
the national mileage standards to 32 mpg.</p>
<p><img src="http://www.worldchanging.com/images/2006/05/city-dwellers-emit-less-co2-for-transport.gif" and="" align="right" height="width=" hspace="5" vspace="5">In
other words, there is a direct relationship between the kinds of places
we live, the transportation choices we have, and how much we drive. The
best car-related innovation we have is not to improve the car, but
eliminate the need to drive it everywhere we go.</p>
<p>And the amount of density the study's authors call for is extremely
modest. They encourage building new projects at a density of 13 homes
per acre, raising the average national density from 7.6 units per acre
to 9 an acre.</p>
<p>To give you a sense of how gentle a goal that is, consider this: the
turn-of-the-century Garden City suburbs, with their generous lawns,
winding streets and tree-lined boulevards averaged 12 units an acre.
New Urbanist suburbs, not particularly dense, weigh in at 15-30 units
per acre. Traditional town house blocks have as many as 36 homes per
acre. Parts of Manhattan, I've read, can reach 160 units per acre, but
even without crowding together high-rises, many extremely livable parts
of Vancouver have 40 homes per acre.</p>
<p>And we're getting better and better at designing density that works. We're finally rediscovering the art of <a target="new" href="http://www.worldchanging.com/archives//007055.html">placemaking</a>,
learning to build dense communities with plenty of open space,
welcoming public places, thriving neighborhood retail and a tangible
sense of place. Some of this is technical: understanding that
surrounding neighborhood cores that have lots of people, many homes,
shops and offices, with less dense but walkable residential areas can
make for places that actually feel far more livable and relaxed than
most conventional new suburbs (of course, <a target="new" href="http://www.worldchanging.com/archives//004739.html">compact communities are also safer</a>). Good compact communities offer an outstanding quality of life (on that, more below).</p>
<p>In other words, we know that density reduces driving. We know that
we're capable of building really dense new neighborhoods and even of
using good design, infill development and infrastructure investments to
transform existing medium-low density neighborhoods into walkable
compact communities. Creating communities dense enough to save those 85
million metric tons of tailpipe emissions is (politics aside) easy. It
is within our power to go much farther: to build whole metropolitan
regions where the vast majority of residents live in communities that
eliminate the <i>need</i> for daily driving, and make it possible for many people to live without private cars altogether.</p>
<p><br>
VII. Deadlines and Realism</p>
<p>Some people make the argument that the built environment is much
harder to change than the design of cars -- after all, don't we buy a
new car every few years and a new home at most a few times in our
lives? But the reality is not so clear.</p>
<p>Generally, we think of cars as things which are quickly replaced in
our society, and buildings as things which rarely change. But that will
not be the case over the next few decades. Because of population
growth, the on-going development churn in cities (buildings remodeled
or replaced, etc.), <a target="new" href="http://www.worldchanging.com/archives//004846.html">infrastructure projects</a> and changing tastes, we'll be rebuilding <a target="new" href="http://www.worldchanging.com/archives//007475.html">half our built environment</a> between now and 2030. Done right, that new construction could enable a complete overhaul of the American city. </p>
<p>This is especially true since we don't need to change every home to
transform a neighborhood. Many inner-ring suburban neighborhoods, for
instance, can become terrific places simply by allowing infill and
converting strip-mall arterials to walkable mixed-use streets. This
transition can happen in a few years.</p>
<p>In comparison, I've been told that it takes at least 16 years to
replace 90% of our automotive fleet, and since it takes years to move a
design from prototype to production, it looks likely that the cars <i>most</i>
people in the US have available to them to drive in 2030 will not be
all that different from the more efficient cars today -- I'm optimistic
that we'll have at least some radically engineered, non-toxic,
fully-recyclable electric cars on the road by then, but it's extremely
unlikely that (barring massive government intervention) they'll be
anything like the norm. We should not sit waiting for automobile design
to fix this problem (again, more on this below).</p>
<p>There's no need to wait on building bright green cities. Better
design solutions for buildings, communities and, in many cases,
infrastructure either <a target="new" href="http://www.worldchanging.com/archives//007765.html">already exist or are mid-development</a>.
If we spend the next 20 years developing compact neighborhoods with
green buildings and smart infrastructure, we can reduce the ecological
impacts of American prosperity by jumps that are now somewhat hard to
imagine.</p>
<p>And new innovation is exploding. Consider <a target="new" href="http://www.worldchanging.com/archives//004301.html">walkshed technologies</a>,
all those great mapping, locating and imaging tools that are helping to
make substituting proximity for mobility more practical. <a target="new" href="http://www.worldchanging.com/archives//006955.html">Tools that let us map information over space</a> have other benefits as well, though, facilitating as they do <a target="new" href="http://www.worldchanging.com/archives//006737.html">product-service systems</a>, the dematerialization of retail impacts through <a target="new" href="http://www.worldchanging.com/archives//004932.html">home delivery</a>, <a target="new" href="http://www.worldchanging.com/archives//006571.html">ride-sharing</a>, greatly facilitated producer take-backs, <a target="new" href="http://www.worldchanging.com/archives//003182.html">smart energy grids</a>, <a target="new" href="http://www.worldchanging.com/archives//007622.html">telework</a>, even <a target="new" href="http://www.worldchanging.com/archives//007543.html">backstory activism</a>.
Taken together, these tech-powered innovations have the potential to
rewrite the way urban people relate to their stuff, potentially in
dramatically novel ways.</p>
<p>Car-sharing is the best-known and perhaps most illustrative example,
but it's far from the only one. Take, for instance, Barcelona's <a target="new" href="http://www.worldchanging.com/archives//007672.html">phenomenally successful Bicing program</a>, made feasible by cheap technology:</p>
<blockquote><i>Once you register with the company (you have to be a
resident of Barcelona, and it costs 24 euros) and activate your swipe
card, you can use any one of Bicing's 1,500 bikes, which are designed
to prevent people from stealing parts, and to be recognizable. The
first 30 minutes of every trip are free, and you can return your bike
to any Bicing location around the city (there are at least 100)--one
key improvement on car-sharing services, which typically require a user
to return the car to the location where he or she picked it up. Every
half-hour over the initial free half-hour costs 30 eurocents, making
Bicing the cheapest public transport system in Barcelona. You can keep
any one bike for up to two hours, and you can always return a bike, run
your errand, and grab another for no charge. The bikes seem to be very
well-maintained, and everyone uses them—old people, little kids,
teenagers on cell phones--everyone.</i></blockquote>
<p>Wired urban living might very well soon evolve into a series of
systems for letting us live affluent, convenient lives without actually
owning a lot of things. If cities are engines for creating social
connections, walkshed technologies might be said to make those
connections into tools for trumping the hassle of owning stuff with the
pleasure of using stuff to get the vivid experiences and deep
relationships we crave. If that happens, we'll have a major leverage
point to work with.</p>
<p><br>
VIII. Transit Rises Again!</p>
<p>In well-designed, 21st century cities, we can even breathe life into
some older technologies.For instance, when it comes to tranporting
yourself from one place to another, <a target="new" href="http://www.worldchanging.com/archives//007335.html">it's pretty hard to beat the ecological efficiency of public transit</a>.
Transit in the U.S. tends be expensive to build, inefficient and often
unpleasant. Good design and new ideas can change that, though.</p>
<p>Most roads in the U.S. don't pay their way: <a target="new" href="http://www.worldchanging.com/archives//007598.html">drivers are subsidized</a> to a much larger tune than public transit riders (especially when <a target="new" href="http://www.worldchanging.com/archives//006048.html">externalized costs are counted</a>). But it doesn't have to be that way.<a target="new" href="http://www.worldchanging.com/archives//007451.html">Road tolls</a>, parking taxes and <a target="new" href="http://www.worldchanging.com/archives//004781.html">congestion pricing</a>
can serve a double purpose -- disincentivizing driving while generating
enough funds to pay for new, comfortable and effective transit
services. We can afford a serious shift towards transit, especially
since oil production is peaking, and a turn to both dirtier and more
expensive fossil fuel sources (coal, tar sands, etc.) seems to be the
future of automotive fuels (biofuels not being much of a sustainable
option in the near-medium term, for reasons we've discussed here
before). Given full-cost accounting, transit actually already pays off
in a great many urban settings.</p>
<p>Transit and smart environments might actually even help us solve the challenge of moving freight through crowded city streets. <a target="new" href="http://www.citycargo.nl/index_eng.htm">CityCargo</a>
has a brilliant scheme to use city tram or light rail tracks to
distribute cargo as well, this increasing their efficiency and saving
money. They've already been working on trials in the Netherlands, and
(according to a conversation I had with CEO Michael Hendriks when I was
in Amsterdam) apparently learning rapidly, but the basic idea is
simple: freight is delivered to the edges of the city; freight trams
pick up the cargo and distribute it to various hubs, where small
electric trucks deliver it to the recipients. Now, it, obviously won't
work where rails don't exist or where the freight is too large, but <a target="new" href="http://www.citycargo.nl/voordelen_eng.htm">the advantages are real</a> and it seems to me that it's a great illustration of how much innovation is possible even in traditional transit systems.</p>
<p><br>
IX. Compact Communities Are More Efficient and Thus Cheaper Places to Live</p>
<p>When you build closer together, you also create the conditions for dramatic energy and cost savings. Researchers at Brookings <a target="new" href="http://www.brookings.edu/metro/umi/ctod_page.htm">note</a>:</p>
<blockquote><i>Transportation costs are a significant part of the
average household budget. The average transportation expenditures for
the median income household in the US in 2003 was 19.1%, the highest
expenditure after housing.</i></blockquote>
<p>But that 19.1% figure is the <i>median</i>. How much individual households spend varies enormously, and how much we pay for transportation <a target="new" href="http://www.worldchanging.com/archives//004732.html">is determined largely by the location of our homes</a>.
People who are living in extremely dense areas, getting around mostly
on foot, by bike and by transit, with the occasional use of a carshare
vehicle (an increasingly popular lifestyle), can find themselves paying
a small fraction of that 19.1%.</p>
<p>What's more, the public burdens created by car-free or car-light
lifestyles are so minimal that some municipalities (like Seattle), are
actually finding that it makes good fiscal sense to encourage people to
give up their cars by subsidizing transit passes and car-sharing
memberships.</p>
<p>People in compact urban areas also pay substantially less in other energy costs. As we've discussed frequently before, <a target="new" href="http://www.worldchanging.com/archives//003034.html">dense neighborhoods are far more energy efficient than even "green" sprawl already</a>
and all the innovation trends seem to me to benefit compact
development. Carbon taxes can incentivize even more energy-efficient
developments <a target="new" href="http://www.oregonlive.com/news/oregonian/index.ssf?/base/news/1194497715108680.xml&coll=7&thispage=1">as they may soon in Portland</a>.</p>
<p>Density is not just green, it's blue. Studies show that urban dwellers tend not only to use less water overall, but <a target="new" href="http://oikos.com/news/2006/02.html">generate less water runoff per person</a>:</p>
<blockquote><i>[T]he study found that higher-density scenarios generate
less storm water runoff per house at all scales - one acre, lot, and
watershed - and time series build-out examples. For the same amount of
development, the EPA says, higher-density development produces less
runoff and less impervious cover than low-density development. For a
given amount of growth, the agency found, lower-density development
impacts more of the watershed.</i></blockquote>
<p>Given that water supply and water integrity are huge issues now, and
that both the pumping of water from distant sources and the treatment
and control of storm water are not inconsequential contributors to our
climate emissions as a nation, this is worth paying attention to.</p>
<p>Finally, there's another angle here that we shouldn't be too
delicate to mention: compact communities are better able to support the
kinds of distributed infrastructure that lends itself to <a target="new" href="http://www.worldchanging.com/archives//004918.html">neighborhood survivability</a>
and disaster resilience. Long Emergency fantasies of small-town
independence are just that -- fantasies, especially when overlaid on
big-lot suburbs of the exurban fringe. There are very few systemic
advantages and many liabilities out in McMansion-land, whereas walkable
communities with distributed infrastructure and close proximity to
emergency services can actually offer quite a bit of resilience. But
enough about that.</p>
<p>[[The usual retort to these common-sense arguments is that far-flung
suburbs offer such a superior quality of life that we'll never curb
sprawl or pry commuters out of their cars, but, even more to the point,
the existence of affluent, car-dependent, large-lot suburbs is just the
voice of the people, speaking out their desires. Any opposition to its
unhindered continuation is not only government interference in the free
market, such people (usually development lobbies and right-wing think
tanks) say, it's downright social engineering.</p>
<p>[[Which is nonsense, of course. The upper-middle class American
McMansion suburb is one of the most socially engineered and publicly
subsidized settlement patterns on the Earth. I won't bother to go into
the arguments here, since a whole flotilla of books, reports, and
journalistic investigations has flayed the "free market choice" talking
point alive. If you're interested, you can go look it up.]]</p>
<p><br>
X. Tailpipe solutions </p>
<p>At first glance, prospects for a green car look promising. But when
we look deeper, we begin to see that there are severe limits to how far
we can go with "personal mobility upgrades", and how fast we can get
there.</p>
<p>I'm deeply skeptical of the possibility of a techno-fix here, but
I'm going to do my best to act like a believer and try to spin a
scenario in which we come up with a green car.</p>
<p>Here's what we need: a very-low carbon vehicle, with a rapidly
shrinking materials and toxics footprint, that reduces rather than
increases the need for purely automotive infrastructure (e.g., parking
space, freeways), and that, ideally, reduces the cost burden on regular
people.</p>
<p>To my mind, the only green car approach that has a chance of
reducing its carbon footprint enough is the plug-in hybrid (or
"pluggie" as I like to think of it).</p>
<p>The arguments are many and complex, and there are a lot of uncertainties. As Alan Durning <a target="new" href="http://sightline.org/daily_score/archive/2007/11/14/car-ful-car-less-32">reminds us</a>:</p>
<blockquote><i>"Plug-in hybrid-electric cars hold great promise, as
long as we can fix the laws. And the technology. Oh, and the price.
None of those fixes are gimmes. Without the first—and specifically,
without a legal cap on greenhouse gases—plug-ins could actually do more
harm than good. And without the second two fixes—working technology and
competitive prices—plug-ins won’t spread beyond the Hollywood set."</i></blockquote>
<p>These are all huge challenges. That said, I think Joseph Romm sums it up well enough for scrimmage <a target="new" href="http://climateprogress.org/2008/01/21/plug-in-hybrids-and-electric-cars-a-core-climate-solution-nationally-and-globally/">here</a> when he says:</p>
<blockquote><i>Transportation is the toughest sector in which to
achieve deep carbon emissions reductions. Of the three major
alternative fuels that could plausibly provide a low-carbon substitute
for a significant amount of petroleum:
</i><p><i> * I am excited about the near-term reality (next five years) of plug in hybrids and electric cars.<br>
* I am hopeful that cellulosic biofuels could be a medium-term strategy
rather than a long-term one, especially for long-distance travel by
air, sea, and land (which batteries probably can't handle).<br>
* I am increasingly convinced hydrogen fuel cell cars are a dead end...</i></p></blockquote>
<p>There are a lot of reasons to love pluggies. <i>(Note to self: Stop trying to make pluggies happen!)</i> The best, though, is that plug-ins are ideally suited for creating a distributed vehicle-to-grid system.</p>
<p>With vehicle-to-grid systems, our cars not only recharge themselves
from a smart-grid, they become the back-up storage batteries for that
grid, shaving off the peak demand that (the coal lobby says) demands we
build a fleet of new and dirty coal power plants. The operative concept
here is "smart garages" where our <a target="new" href="http://www.worldchanging.com/archives//006226.html">plug-in hybrid electrics</a>
recharge when not in use, offering increased storage capacity to the
grid and thus lowering the amount of generation capacity power
companies need to keep on hand for the peak surges. In other words,
enough plug-in cars could actually reduce power company emissions. It
could also save the utility money: RMI estimates that reduction in
peak-demand to be worth about $600 a car!</p>
<p>And, of course, things get even more interesting if the <a target="new" href="http://www.worldchanging.com/archives//003990.html">smart grid</a>
the cars are plugged into includes significant amounts of distributed
energy, which I am confident is going to continue to look like a better
and better investment in places with abundant sunshine, regular winds
and the like. (For more on the whole vehicle-to-grid concept, it's
worth watching the video <a target="new" href="http://jcwinnie.biz/wordpress/?page_id=2514">The Smart Garage: The Fleet Meets the Grid in a Carbon Constrained World</a>.) Check out the graph:</p>
<p>But, remember, this option demands a set of technologies that is at
best new and at worst not available; a massive shift towards renewable
energy; the development of more distributed energy; the recreation of
electrical utilities around the country to support smart grids and net
metering; and finding some way to swap out cars more quickly that the
current 16-year cycle -- without just sending those cars to the
developing world!</p>
<p>And the pollution from a car isn't limited to its emissions and leakages. That new car smell? <a target="new" href="http://www.usatoday.com/money/autos/2005-09-26-new-car-smell_x.htm">Toxic.</a>
We currently have no replacements for most of the bad components, and
while green chemistry appears from casual observation to be asking some
great questions about non-harmful industrial lubricants and the like,
and nanotechnology I'm told, may well deliver more precise and thus
less polluting engines, filters, bearings, etc., we are still a long
way from a non-toxic car or any kind.</p>
<p>We don't appear to be much closer to a truly recyclable car. William McDonough & Michael Braungart <a target="new" href="http://www.mcdonough.com/writings/c2c_design.htm">articulate the challenge thus</a>:</p>
<blockquote><i>"Building a truly sustainable automobile industry means
developing closed-loop systems for the manufacturing and re-utilization
of auto parts. In Europe, the End-of-Life Vehicle Directive, which
makes manufacturers responsible for automotive materials, is
encouraging companies to consider design for disassembly and effective
resource recovery more seriously. Cradle-to-cradle systems, in which
materials either go back to industry or safely back to the soil, are
built for effective resource recovery. In such a system, each part of
every car is either returned to the soil or recovered and reused in the
assembly of new cars, generating extraordinary productivity and
consistent employment."</i></blockquote>
<p>The best try of which I'm aware is the <a target="new" href="http://media.ford.com/article_display.cfm?article_id=14047">Model U</a>,
McDonough's collaboration with Ford, which is an interesting start, but
a long, long way from a closed-loop car. (If anyone a better example,
by the way, I'd love a pointer.)</p>
<p>That said, there are a bunch of smart folks hard at work on these
issues, and some enormous stakes are being laid. Wired has a truly
excellent story describing the <a target="new" href="http://www.wired.com/cars/futuretransport/magazine/16-01/ff_100mpg?currentPage=all">Automotive X-Prize</a>,
$10M for the winner of a race between 100-mpg prototype cars. And some
pretty exciting designs are already on the way, cars that are
definitely a big step forward, even if not a giant leap. For instance,
"Aptera plans to introduce its vehicle — a three-wheeled electric
two-seater with a 120-mile range and room in back for a surfboard — by
year's end. Price tag: $26,000 to $29,000."</p>
<p>Some real wildcards are in play as well, like the collaborative efforts of <a target="new" href="http://www.vehicledesignsummit.org/website/">the Vehicle Design Summit</a>, whose mission is</p>
<blockquote><i>[T]he global consortium will design, build and bring to
market the VDS Vision 200, a hyper-efficient 4-6 passenger vehicle
earmarked for India that will demonstrate a 95% reduction in embodied
energy, materials and toxicity from cradle-to-cradle-to-grave.</i></blockquote>
<p>They claim they'll have the whole thing on the streets by August.
I'm really skeptical of that timeline (though fully supportive of the
goal). If we can, in fact get such a car on the streets quickly, then
we have more room for a variety of transportation/land-use approaches.
However, citing the desire to build such a car as evidence that we
don't need to act on the basis of current reality seems to me to be
gambling with the future, a sort of transportation hail-mary.</p>
<p>We can see a sort of ecological footprint Pascal's wager here: if we
decide not to change our urban form and green cars arrive in time (and
all the other associated techno-fixes work out), we experience some
limited gains, mostly for people who now lead car-dependent lives and
don't have to change; if we don't change urban form and they don't
arrive, we've just willed our descendants a coupe thousand years of
climate chaos.</p>
<p><br>
XI. What If There Is No Real Downside?</p>
<p>On the other hand, what if we do change our urban form? I think
whether or not green cars arrive, building bright green cities is a
winning strategy: if the cars don't arrive, land-use change is clearly
needed to save our bacon; if they do arrive, they might well fit quite
nicely into the new fabric of sustainable urban life, and we're all
better off for it -- the air's that much cleaner, the grid that much
smarter, our economic advantage in clean technology that much greater.</p>
<p>Most arguments against land-use change presume that building compact
communities is a trade-off; that investing in getting walkable, denser
neighborhoods, we lose some or a lot of our affluence or quality of
life. What if that's not true, though? What if the gains actually far
outweigh the costs not only in ecological and fiscal terms, but in
lifestyle and prosperity terms as well? I think that's the case.</p>
<p>I believe that green compact communities, smaller well-built homes,
walkable streets and smart infrastructure can actually offer a far
better quality of life than living in McMansion hintersprawl in purely
material terms: more comfort, more security, more true prosperity. But
even more to the point, I believe they offer all sorts of
non-materialistic but extremely real benefits that suburbs cannot.
Opponents of smart growth talk about sacrificing our way of life -- but
it's not a sacrifice if what you get in exchange is superior.</p>
<p>Many people agree with me. Development expert <a target="new" href="http://www.worldchanging.com/archives//007679.html">Christopher B. Leinberger</a>
insists that we already have a market in which the majority of
consumers would prefer to live in compact communities, and that, in
fact, we are suffering a shortage of the kind of homes they want:
smaller homes in more walkable neighborhoods.</p>
<p>Given the 50 years of negative branding cities have gotten in
American popular media -- you know, gritty urban scenes of despair,
full of pollution, political corruption and crazy black men -- I
suspect that there's a lot more persuasion possible here. I suspect
that the vast majority of Americans would, given a chance to see the
merits of both in a clear light and knowing how much is at stake,
happily live urban lives or work to transform their existing
communities into more livable, sustainable places.</p>
<p>I think we need to not be ashamed to note that Sarah Susanka's
probably right when she says, "We are all searching for home, but we
are trying to find it by building more rooms and more space. Instead of
thinking about the quality of the spaces we live in, we tend to focus
on quantity. But a house is so much more than its size and volume,
neither of which has anything to do with comfort."</p>
<p>Just as a home is more than the building in which it resides, a life
is more than the stuff we pile up around it. We all know this to be
true. And it may just be that in building bright green cities we do
more than help avert a monstrous disaster for which we are larger
responsible, that in fact we may find that the fruit of our labors to
transform our footprints is, in fact, to transform ourselves, and we
might just awaken on the other side of this fight to find ourselves
prosperously at home in the sort of communities we thought lost
forever, leading more creative, connected and carefree lives.</p>
<p><i>(Illustration of Aptera from Wired article cited above.)</i><br>
</p>
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<<tagging Journal>>
<<haloscan comments>>
<<tagCloud>>
<html><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="20" width="100%"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" align="left"><h1>Contents</h1></td></tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td width="50%">
<h2><em>Why? (the notorious question)</em></h2>
<ul><li><a href="http://www.mtbr.com/faq/ssfaq.shtml#ssWhySS">Why
ride single speed?</a> </li></ul><br>
<h2><em>Single Speed Conversions</em></h2>
<ul><li><a href="http://www.mtbr.com/faq/ssfaq.shtml#ssConversionsHowTo">How
do I convert my geared bike to single speed?</a>
</li><li><a href="http://www.mtbr.com/faq/ssfaq.shtml#ssConversionsRearHub">Will
I need a new rear hub?</a>
</li><li><a href="http://www.mtbr.com/faq/ssfaq.shtml#ssConversionsChainTension">How
do I tension the chain?</a>
</li><li><a href="http://www.mtbr.com/faq/ssfaq.shtml#ssConversionsRetrofits">Who
does single speed frame modifications?</a> </li></ul><br>
<h2><em>Gearing Selection</em></h2>
<ul><li><a href="http://www.mtbr.com/faq/ssfaq.shtml#ssGearingRatio">How
do I determine the proper gear ratio for my single speed?</a>
</li><li><a href="http://www.mtbr.com/faq/ssfaq.shtml#ssGearingTools">Are
there tools that can help me decide what gear ratio to use?</a>
</li></ul><br>
<h2><em>Single Speed Frame Types/Designs</em></h2>
<ul><li><strong>EBBs (Eccentric Bottom Brackets)</strong>
<ul><li><a href="http://www.mtbr.com/faq/ssfaq.shtml#ssEbbDefined">What
is an EBB (Eccentric Bottom Bracket)?</a>
</li><li><a href="http://www.mtbr.com/faq/ssfaq.shtml#ssEbbNewConcept">Are
eccentrics a new concept?</a>
</li><li><a href="http://www.mtbr.com/faq/ssfaq.shtml#ssEbbTypes">Are
all eccentric designs the same?</a>
</li><li><a href="http://www.mtbr.com/faq/ssfaq.shtml#ssEbbWhy">Why
use an EBB (Eccentric Bottom Bracket) on a single speed?</a>
</li><li><a href="http://www.mtbr.com/faq/ssfaq.shtml#ssEbbLinearPull">Is
there any reason to use an EBB (Eccentric Bottom Bracket) with
linear-pull brakes?</a>
</li><li><a href="http://www.mtbr.com/faq/ssfaq.shtml#ssEbbCreaking">Will
eccentrics creak?</a>
</li><li><a href="http://www.mtbr.com/faq/ssfaq.shtml#ssEbbRetrofit">Can
my current frame be retrofitted to use an EBB (Eccentric Bottom
Bracket)?</a> </li></ul><br>
</li><li><strong>Track Fork Ends</strong> (often referred to
<em>incorrectly</em> as "Horizontal Dropouts")
<ul><li><a href="http://www.mtbr.com/faq/ssfaq.shtml#ssForkEndsDefined">Are
"Track Fork Ends" & "Horizontal Dropouts" the same thing?</a>
</li><li><a href="http://www.mtbr.com/faq/ssfaq.shtml#ssForkEndsDisc">Are
disc brakes compatible with Track Fork Ends?</a>
</li><li><a href="http://www.mtbr.com/faq/ssfaq.shtml#ssForkEndsRetrofit">Can
Track Fork Ends be retrofitted to my current frame?</a> </li></ul><br>
</li><li><a href="http://www.mtbr.com/faq/ssfaq.shtml#ssEbbVsForkEnds">Should
I buy a frame with an EBB (Eccentric Bottom Bracket) or with Track Fork
Ends?</a> </li></ul><br>
<h2><em>Component Selection</em></h2>
<ul><li><a href="http://www.mtbr.com/faq/ssfaq.shtml#ssCompHubs">Which
should I use...Freewheel vs. Cassette rear hub?</a>
</li><li><a href="http://www.mtbr.com/faq/ssfaq.shtml#ssCompForks">Is
a rigid fork better (than a suspension fork) for single speeding?</a>
</li><li><a href="http://www.mtbr.com/faq/ssfaq.shtml#ssCompTensioners">How
do I tension the chain?</a>
</li><li><a href="http://www.mtbr.com/faq/ssfaq.shtml#ssCompBars">Should
I use wider bars on my single speed than I do on my geared bike?</a>
</li><li><a href="http://www.mtbr.com/faq/ssfaq.shtml#ssCompCranks">Will
a longer crank set work better on a single speed than a "normal" length
crank set?</a>
</li><li><a href="http://www.mtbr.com/faq/ssfaq.shtml#ssCompBrakes">Should
I use linear-pull or disc brakes on my single speed?</a>
</li><li><a href="http://www.mtbr.com/faq/ssfaq.shtml#ssCompSSCog">For
<em>cassette</em> rear hubs, will a BMX cog work better than a
Hyperglide® cog removed from my cassette?</a>
</li><li><a href="http://www.mtbr.com/faq/ssfaq.shtml#ssCompSSChainrings">What
is the difference between a standard chainring and a "single speed
chainring"?</a>
</li><li><a href="http://www.mtbr.com/faq/ssfaq.shtml#ssCompSSChaintugs">What
are chaintugs, and do I need them on my single speed?</a>
</li><li><a href="http://www.mtbr.com/faq/ssfaq.shtml#ssCompSSQuickRelease">Can
I use quick release (QR) skewers on the rear wheel of my single speed,
or do I need to use a solid axle with track nuts?</a>
</li><li><a href="http://www.mtbr.com/faq/ssfaq.shtml#ssCompSSTires">Where
can I find comprehensive information on MTB tires?</a>
</li><li><a href="http://www.mtbr.com/faq/ssfaq.shtml#ssCompSSMfgrs">Which
component manufacturers cater to the single speed market?</a>
</li></ul><br></td>
<td width="50%">
<h2><em>Single Speed Manufacturer Listings</em></h2>
<ul><li><a href="http://www.mtbr.com/faq/ssfaq.shtml#ssMfgrsBikes">Single
Speed Frame/Bicycle Manufacturers</a>
</li><li><a href="http://www.mtbr.com/faq/ssfaq.shtml#ssMfgrsForks">Rigid
Fork Manufacturers</a>
</li><li><a href="http://www.mtbr.com/faq/ssfaq.shtml#ssMfgrsFreewheelHubs">Single
Speed <em>Freewheel</em> Rear Hubs Manufacturers</a>
</li><li><a href="http://www.mtbr.com/faq/ssfaq.shtml#ssMfgrsCassetteHubs">Single
Speed <em>Cassette</em> Rear Hub Manufacturers</a>
</li><li><a href="http://www.mtbr.com/faq/ssfaq.shtml#ssMfgrsTensioners">Single
Speed Chain Tensioner Manufacturers</a>
</li><li><a href="http://www.mtbr.com/faq/ssfaq.shtml#ssMfgrsOther">Other
Single Speed Component Manufacturers</a> </li></ul><br>
<h2><em>Troubleshooting</em></h2>
<ul><li><a href="http://www.mtbr.com/faq/ssfaq.shtml#ssTroubleshootingChainSkip">What
is causing the chain to skip on my single speed?</a>
</li><li><a href="http://www.mtbr.com/faq/ssfaq.shtml#ssTroubleshootingChainDerailing">Why
does the chain on my single speed keep derailing?</a>
</li><li><a href="http://www.mtbr.com/faq/ssfaq.shtml#ssTroubleshootingWheelSlip">Why
is my rear wheel's axle slipping under load?</a>
</li><li><a href="http://www.mtbr.com/faq/ssfaq.shtml#ssTroubleshootingEBBCreak">Why
is the EBB (Eccentric Bottom Bracket) on my frame creaking?</a>
</li><li><a href="http://www.mtbr.com/faq/ssfaq.shtml#ssTroubleshootingKneePain">Why
do my knees hurt when I ride my single speed?</a> </li></ul><br>
<h2><em>Miscellaneous SS Topics</em></h2>
<ul><li><a href="http://www.mtbr.com/faq/ssfaq.shtml#ssMiscFg">Is
"fixed gear" the same thing as "single speed"?</a>
</li><li><a href="http://www.mtbr.com/faq/ssfaq.shtml#ssMisc4tooth">What
is the "4-tooth rule"?</a> </li></ul><br>
<h2><em>Single Speed Glossary</em></h2>
<ul><li><a href="http://www.mtbr.com/faq/ssfaq.shtml#ssGlossaryWhere">Where
can I find a comprehensive glossary containing single speed (and other
bicycle-related) terms & definitions?</a> </li></ul><br>
<h2><em>Single Speed FAQ Credits/Contributors</em></h2>
<ul><li><a href="http://www.mtbr.com/faq/ssfaq.shtml#ssCredits">Who
made this single speed FAQ page possible?</a>
</li></ul><br></td></tr></tbody></table><!-- ********************************************************************* --></html>
<html><div class="WikiCustomNav WikiElement wiki"><h3><a class="wiki_link" href="https://ratbagmedia.wikispaces.com/">RatbagMedia Wiki</a></h3>
<h3>CHANNELS</h3>
<strong><a href="http://feeds.feedburner.com/RatbagRadioBlog"><img src="http://www.feedburner.com/fb/images/pub/feed-icon32x32.png" alt="external image feed-icon32x32.png" title="external image feed-icon32x32.png" style="height: 10px; width: 10px;"></a><a class="wiki_link_ext" href="http://ratbagradio.blogspot.com/" rel="nofollow">The Blather</a></strong><br>
<strong><a href="http://feeds.feedburner.com/Leftcast"><img src="http://www.feedburner.com/fb/images/pub/feed-icon32x32.png" alt="external image feed-icon32x32.png" title="external image feed-icon32x32.png" style="height: 10px; width: 10px;"></a><a class="wiki_link_ext" href="http://leftcast.blogspot.com/" rel="nofollow">LeftCast</a><br>
<a href="http://feeds.feedburner.com/VenezuelaSolidarity"><img src="http://www.feedburner.com/fb/images/pub/feed-icon32x32.png" alt="external image feed-icon32x32.png" title="external image feed-icon32x32.png" style="height: 10px; width: 10px;"></a><a class="wiki_link_ext" href="http://vensol.blogspot.com/" rel="nofollow">LatinRadical</a></strong><br>
<a href="http://feeds.feedburner.com/Leftclick"><img src="http://www.feedburner.com/fb/images/pub/feed-icon32x32.png" alt="external image feed-icon32x32.png" title="external image feed-icon32x32.png" style="height: 11px; width: 10px;"></a><strong><a class="wiki_link_ext" href="http://leftclickblog.blogspot.com/" rel="nofollow">LeftClick (blog)</a></strong><br>
<h3><strong>RESOURCES</strong></h3>
<a class="wiki_link" href="https://ratbagmedia.wikispaces.com/flash+players"></a><a class="wiki_link" href="http://altmedianetwork.wikispaces.com/">AltMediaNetwork</a><br>
<span class="wiki_link_new"><a class="wiki_link" href="http://activist-toolkit.wikispaces.com/">Activist Toolkit</a></span></div></html>
Concerns over ABC Learning's dominance of childcare
PRINT FRIENDLY EMAIL STORY
PM - Tuesday, 14 March , 2006 18:39:00
Reporter: Neal Woolrich
MARK COLVIN: The seemingly unstoppable rise of ABC childcare centres – no relation to this ABC that you're listening to of course - looks set to continue, as it prepares to swallow up one of its few remaining rivals.
ABC Learning and Kids' Campus have both been placed in a trading halt on the Stock Exchange and ABC is expected to announce yet another take-over.
It would leave ABC with more than 800 centres in Australia and New Zealand. Its next biggest rival has 93.
Neal Woolrich reports.
NEAL WOOLRICH: These days it seems the building blocks logos of ABC Learning Centres are dotted throughout suburbia.
The childcare operator aims to have 850 centres around Australia by June and if the latest market speculation is any guide, it's on track for another growth spurt.
Yesterday, ABC Learning and its rival, Kids Campus, were placed in a trading halt.
Kids Campus runs 101 centres in Australia but analysts are tipping they'll soon become another ABC acquisition.
It's another sign of ABC's ever-increasing dominance of the childcare market, where its nearest rival owns 93 centres.
Barbara Romeril is the Secretary of the National Association of Community Based Children's Services.
She says ABC's market power has gone too far.
BARBARA ROMERIL: We're deeply concerned about the corporatisation of childcare as ownership is concentrated into a smaller number of hands. We all know from our own experience that the best childcare is provided when communities are in control of the services that they use. To have services controlled by some distant head office is the antithesis of good childcare.
NEAL WOOLRICH: ABC's latest takeover attempt is likely to attract the attention of the Australian Competition and Consumer Commission.
In 2004, ABC Learning engineered a merger with its largest rival, Peppercorn Management Group.
The National Association of Children's Services objected at the time, and Barbara Romeril says it will take its concerns to the competition watchdog if ABC swoops on Kids Campus.
BARBARA ROMERIL: The ACCC did conclude that that purchase left ABC with too big a dominance in some communities and ordered them to divest themselves of some centres. But ultimately they approved the merger.
We will be advising the ACCC this time that we have the same concerns about ABC merging with Kids Campus. It's going to give it an even bigger dominance and that's not in the best interest of babies and small children, families and the communities in which they live.
NEAL WOOLRICH: ABC's rise has been as spectacular as it's been swift. It was floated on the stock exchange four years ago for $25 million and is now worth $1.2 billion.
Its founder and Chief Executive Officer, Eddy Groves, is estimated by BRW to be worth $272 million.
Analysts say part of the company's success is due to the subsidies and tax rebates that childcare attracts.
The Government expects to spend more than $2 billion a year on childcare for the next four years.
But for all the taxpayer money that pours in, the National Association of Children's Services says it's going to the wrong places.
The Association's Secretary Barbara Romeril says the Federal Government isn't doing enough to promote community childcare.
BARBARA ROMERIL: The childcare benefit fee subsidy is quite helpful in making childcare affordable for many families, but low-income families need more financial support. That really should be targeted to the low-income families. And for a relatively small investment of capital funding added to that fee subsidy, the Government could get a much better outcome. They could get a high quality, community owned service in every community around the nation.
MARK COLVIN: The Secretary of the National Association of Children's Services Barbara Romeril with Neal Woolrich.
Source: [[PM - Concerns over ABC Learning's dominance of childcare|http://www.abc.net.au/pm/content/2006/s1591653.htm]]
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<html><h1 class="firstHeading">List of portable software</h1>
<h3 id="siteSub">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</h3>
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<td class="ambox-text">The <b>inclusion or exclusion of items</b> from this list, or <b>length of this list</b> is disputed.<br>
<small>Please discuss this issue on the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:List_of_portable_software" title="Talk:List of portable software">talk page</a>.</small></td>
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<div class="thumb tright">
<div class="thumbinner" style="width: 182px;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:USB_flash_drive.jpg" class="image" title="A USB drive"><img alt="A USB drive" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/USB_flash_drive.jpg/180px-USB_flash_drive.jpg" class="thumbimage" border="0" height="243" width="180"></a>
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A USB drive</div>
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<p><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portable_application" title="Portable application">Portable software</a> is a class of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_program" title="Computer program">software</a> that is suitable for use on portable drives such as a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USB_flash_drive" title="USB flash drive">USB (thumb) drive</a> or <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IPod" title="IPod">iPod</a> or <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palm_%28PDA%29" title="Palm (PDA)">Palm PDA</a> with "drive mode", although any <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/External_hard_drive" class="mw-redirect" title="External hard drive">external hard drive</a> could theoretically be used. <sup id="_ref-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_portable_software#_note-0" title="">[1]</a></sup> <sup id="_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_portable_software#_note-1" title="">[2]</a></sup>
The concept of carrying one's favored applications, utilities, and
files on a portable drive for use on any computer is one which has
evolved considerably in recent years.</p>
<p>Programs in this category (also known as <i>portable applications</i>) are typically 'lite' versions of their parent software, but there are many exceptions.</p>
<p>To be considered portable, for purpose of this list, a software program must:</p>
<ol><li>Not require any kind of formal installation onto a computer's
permanent storage device to be executed, and can be stored on a
removable storage device such as USB flash drive, enabling it to be
used on multiple computers.</li><li>Settings are stored with, and can be carried around with, the software (i.e., they are written to the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USB" class="mw-redirect" title="USB">USB</a> drive).
<dl><dd>If the registry is used to store settings, the application's
configuration isn't portable, and must be set up on every PC it is used
on</dd></dl>
</li><li>Leaves a zero (or near-zero) "<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Footprint" title="Footprint">footprint</a>" on any PC it's run on after being used.
<dl><dd>i.e., All temporary files/registry settings should be removed once
the program has exited, and files created by the user can be saved
directly to the same removable media as the application is stored on.</dd></dl>
</li></ol>
<p>Generally, smaller <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Utility" title="Utility">utility</a>/<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toolkit" title="Toolkit">toolkit</a>
software is inherently fairly portable; though larger applications are
sometimes changed in order to allow a portable versions to be released
(e.g., <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opera_%28Internet_suite%29" class="mw-redirect" title="Opera (Internet suite)">OperaUSB</a>).</p>
<dl><dd>
<div class="boilerplate metadata" id="listdev"><i>This is an <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Lists#Incomplete_lists" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Lists">incomplete list</a>, which may never be able to satisfy certain standards for completeness.</i></div>
</dd><dd><span class="plainlinks selfreference"><i>Revisions and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">sourced</a> additions are welcome.</i></span></dd></dl>
<table id="toc" class="toc" summary="Contents">
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<td>
<div id="toctitle">
<h2>Contents</h2>
<span class="toctoggle">[<a href="javascript:toggleToc()" class="internal" id="togglelink">hide</a>]</span></div>
<ul><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_portable_software#Application_launchers"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Application launchers</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_portable_software#Development"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Development</span></a>
<ul><li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_portable_software#IDEs"><span class="tocnumber">2.1</span> <span class="toctext">IDEs</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_portable_software#Scripting_Languages"><span class="tocnumber">2.2</span> <span class="toctext">Scripting Languages</span></a></li></ul>
</li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_portable_software#Graphics"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Graphics</span></a>
<ul><li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_portable_software#3D_Modeling_And_Rendering"><span class="tocnumber">3.1</span> <span class="toctext">3D Modeling And Rendering</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_portable_software#Graphic_Editors"><span class="tocnumber">3.2</span> <span class="toctext">Graphic Editors</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_portable_software#Processing"><span class="tocnumber">3.3</span> <span class="toctext">Processing</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_portable_software#Viewers"><span class="tocnumber">3.4</span> <span class="toctext">Viewers</span></a></li></ul>
</li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_portable_software#Document_Based"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Document Based</span></a>
<ul><li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_portable_software#Office_and_Publishing"><span class="tocnumber">4.1</span> <span class="toctext">Office and Publishing</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_portable_software#Editors"><span class="tocnumber">4.2</span> <span class="toctext">Editors</span></a></li></ul>
</li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_portable_software#Educational"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">Educational</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_portable_software#Games"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">Games</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_portable_software#Internet"><span class="tocnumber">7</span> <span class="toctext">Internet</span></a>
<ul><li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_portable_software#Web_browsers"><span class="tocnumber">7.1</span> <span class="toctext">Web browsers</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_portable_software#Email_clients"><span class="tocnumber">7.2</span> <span class="toctext">Email clients</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_portable_software#Instant_messaging"><span class="tocnumber">7.3</span> <span class="toctext">Instant messaging</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_portable_software#FTP_clients"><span class="tocnumber">7.4</span> <span class="toctext">FTP clients</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_portable_software#Download_managers"><span class="tocnumber">7.5</span> <span class="toctext">Download managers</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_portable_software#P2P_file_sharing"><span class="tocnumber">7.6</span> <span class="toctext">P2P file sharing</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_portable_software#IRC"><span class="tocnumber">7.7</span> <span class="toctext">IRC</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_portable_software#RSS.2C_Atom_readers"><span class="tocnumber">7.8</span> <span class="toctext">RSS, Atom readers</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_portable_software#Telnet.2C_SSH_clients"><span class="tocnumber">7.9</span> <span class="toctext">Telnet, SSH clients</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_portable_software#Bookmark_managers"><span class="tocnumber">7.10</span> <span class="toctext">Bookmark managers</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_portable_software#Search_engines"><span class="tocnumber">7.11</span> <span class="toctext">Search engines</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_portable_software#Podcast_managers"><span class="tocnumber">7.12</span> <span class="toctext">Podcast managers</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_portable_software#Proxy_server.2Fclients_and_Routing_Networks"><span class="tocnumber">7.13</span> <span class="toctext">Proxy server/clients and Routing Networks</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_portable_software#Wikis"><span class="tocnumber">7.14</span> <span class="toctext">Wikis</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_portable_software#Wiki-like_.28Note:_These_are_not_web-based.29"><span class="tocnumber">7.15</span> <span class="toctext">Wiki-like (Note: These are not web-based)</span></a></li></ul>
</li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_portable_software#Operating_Systems"><span class="tocnumber">8</span> <span class="toctext">Operating Systems</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_portable_software#Miscellaneous"><span class="tocnumber">9</span> <span class="toctext">Miscellaneous</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_portable_software#Multimedia"><span class="tocnumber">10</span> <span class="toctext">Multimedia</span></a>
<ul><li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_portable_software#File_converters"><span class="tocnumber">10.1</span> <span class="toctext">File converters</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_portable_software#CD.2FDVD_burning"><span class="tocnumber">10.2</span> <span class="toctext">CD/DVD burning</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_portable_software#Editors_2"><span class="tocnumber">10.3</span> <span class="toctext">Editors</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_portable_software#Audio.2FMidi_Sequencer"><span class="tocnumber">10.4</span> <span class="toctext">Audio/Midi Sequencer</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_portable_software#Players"><span class="tocnumber">10.5</span> <span class="toctext">Players</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_portable_software#Recorders"><span class="tocnumber">10.6</span> <span class="toctext">Recorders</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_portable_software#Video_Capture"><span class="tocnumber">10.7</span> <span class="toctext">Video Capture</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_portable_software#Screen_Capture"><span class="tocnumber">10.8</span> <span class="toctext">Screen Capture</span></a></li></ul>
</li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_portable_software#Networking"><span class="tocnumber">11</span> <span class="toctext">Networking</span></a>
<ul><li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_portable_software#HTTP_servers"><span class="tocnumber">11.1</span> <span class="toctext">HTTP servers</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_portable_software#Miscellaneous_2"><span class="tocnumber">11.2</span> <span class="toctext">Miscellaneous</span></a></li></ul>
</li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_portable_software#Other_Tools"><span class="tocnumber">12</span> <span class="toctext">Other Tools</span></a>
<ul><li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_portable_software#Web_Editors"><span class="tocnumber">12.1</span> <span class="toctext">Web Editors</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_portable_software#Calendar_management"><span class="tocnumber">12.2</span> <span class="toctext">Calendar management</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_portable_software#File_management"><span class="tocnumber">12.3</span> <span class="toctext">File management</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_portable_software#File_Archivers_and_Extractors"><span class="tocnumber">12.4</span> <span class="toctext">File Archivers and Extractors</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_portable_software#Screenwriting"><span class="tocnumber">12.5</span> <span class="toctext">Screenwriting</span></a></li></ul>
</li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_portable_software#PDF_Tools"><span class="tocnumber">13</span> <span class="toctext">PDF Tools</span></a>
<ul><li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_portable_software#Readers"><span class="tocnumber">13.1</span> <span class="toctext">Readers</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_portable_software#Writers"><span class="tocnumber">13.2</span> <span class="toctext">Writers</span></a></li></ul>
</li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_portable_software#Security_and_Encryption"><span class="tocnumber">14</span> <span class="toctext">Security and Encryption</span></a>
<ul><li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_portable_software#Password_Management"><span class="tocnumber">14.1</span> <span class="toctext">Password Management</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_portable_software#Anti-Spyware.2FMalware"><span class="tocnumber">14.2</span> <span class="toctext">Anti-Spyware/Malware</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_portable_software#AntiVirus"><span class="tocnumber">14.3</span> <span class="toctext">AntiVirus</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_portable_software#Real-Time_Disk.2FVolume_Encryption"><span class="tocnumber">14.4</span> <span class="toctext">Real-Time Disk/Volume Encryption</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_portable_software#File_Encryption"><span class="tocnumber">14.5</span> <span class="toctext">File Encryption</span></a></li></ul>
</li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_portable_software#System_Maintenance"><span class="tocnumber">15</span> <span class="toctext">System Maintenance</span></a>
<ul><li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_portable_software#Storage_Management"><span class="tocnumber">15.1</span> <span class="toctext">Storage Management</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_portable_software#System_Information"><span class="tocnumber">15.2</span> <span class="toctext">System Information</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-2"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_portable_software#Partition.2FFile_Recovery"><span class="tocnumber">15.3</span> <span class="toctext">Partition/File Recovery</span></a></li></ul>
</li><li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_portable_software#References"><span class="tocnumber">16</span> <span class="toctext">References</span></a></li></ul>
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<p><a name="Application_launchers" id="Application_launchers"></a></p>
<h2><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_portable_software&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Application launchers">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline">Application launchers</span></h2>
<ul><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ceedo" title="Ceedo">Ceedo</a></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Launchy" title="Launchy">Launchy</a></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MojoPac" title="MojoPac">MojoPac</a></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PortableApps.com" title="PortableApps.com">PortableApps.com</a></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=PStart&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="PStart (page does not exist)">PStart</a></li></ul>
<p><a name="Development" id="Development"></a></p>
<h2><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_portable_software&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Development">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline">Development</span></h2>
<p><a name="IDEs" id="IDEs"></a></p>
<h3><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_portable_software&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: IDEs">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline">IDEs</span></h3>
<ul><li>Portable <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dev-C%2B%2B" title="Dev-C++">Dev-C++</a></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JCreator" title="JCreator">JCreator</a> Not entirely portable, because it leaves some settings on the host computer.</li><li>Portable <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Code::Blocks" title="Code::Blocks">Code::Blocks</a> (needs MinGW installed, which is portable too)</li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hackety_Hack" title="Hackety Hack">Hackety Hack</a>, which is an educational version of ruby, can be installed on pendrive.</li></ul>
<p><a name="Scripting_Languages" id="Scripting_Languages"></a></p>
<h3><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_portable_software&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Scripting Languages">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline">Scripting Languages</span></h3>
<ul><li>Portable <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NSIS" class="mw-redirect" title="NSIS">NSIS</a> Version</li></ul>
<p><a name="Graphics" id="Graphics"></a></p>
<h2><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_portable_software&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Graphics">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline">Graphics</span></h2>
<p><a name="3D_Modeling_And_Rendering"></a></p>
<h3><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_portable_software&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: 3D Modeling And Rendering">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline">3D Modeling And Rendering</span></h3>
<ul><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anim8or" title="Anim8or">Anim8or</a>
<ul><li>Free 3D modeling and animating software.</li></ul>
</li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blender_%28software%29" title="Blender (software)">Blender</a>:
<ul><li>BlenderPortable</li><li>Blender Pocket</li><li>XBlender</li></ul>
</li><li><a href="http://moi3d.com" class="external text" title="http://moi3d.com" rel="nofollow">MoI (Moment of Inspiration)</a>
<ul><li>Fantastic 3D Modeling (<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NURBS" class="mw-redirect" title="NURBS">NURBS</a>) for designers and artists - powerful, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CAD" class="mw-redirect" title="CAD">CAD</a> accurate, yet easy to use!</li></ul>
</li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wings3d" class="mw-redirect" title="Wings3d">Wings3d</a>
<ul><li>All versions are portable</li></ul>
</li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SketchUp" title="SketchUp">SketchUp</a>
<ul><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kerkythea" title="Kerkythea">Kerkythea</a> Models made in SketchUp can be easily rendered in Kerkythea</li></ul>
</li></ul>
<p><a name="Graphic_Editors" id="Graphic_Editors"></a></p>
<h3><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_portable_software&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Graphic Editors">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline">Graphic Editors</span></h3>
<ul><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ArtRage" title="ArtRage">ArtRage</a></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EVE_%28text_editor%29" title="EVE (text editor)">EVE</a></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GIMP" title="GIMP">GIMP</a>:
<ul><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=GIMPVS&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="GIMPVS (page does not exist)">GIMPVS</a> GIMP Portable VS 2008 is the Gimp portable version of Gimp on <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windows" title="Microsoft Windows">Microsoft Windows</a> platforms (Windows XP,Vista,NT Server 2003,NT Server 2008)</li><li><a href="http://portableapps.com/apps/graphics_pictures/gimp_portable" class="external text" title="http://portableapps.com/apps/graphics_pictures/gimp_portable" rel="nofollow">Portable Gimp</a> - for <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windows" title="Microsoft Windows">Microsoft Windows</a></li><li>Portable Gimp - for <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mac_OS_X" title="Mac OS X">Mac OS X</a></li><li>X-Gimp</li><li>X-GimpShop</li></ul>
</li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inkscape" title="Inkscape">Inkscape</a>:
<ul><li>X-Inkscape</li><li>Portable Inkscape - for <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mac_OS_X" title="Mac OS X">Mac OS X</a></li></ul>
</li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pixia" title="Pixia">Pixia</a></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TuxPaint" class="mw-redirect" title="TuxPaint">XTuxPaint</a></li></ul>
<p><a name="Processing" id="Processing"></a></p>
<h3><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_portable_software&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Processing">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline">Processing</span></h3>
<ul><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cas" title="Cas">Cas</a></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RedEye" title="RedEye">RedEye</a></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UnFREEz" title="UnFREEz">UnFREEz</a></li></ul>
<p><a name="Viewers" id="Viewers"></a></p>
<h3><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_portable_software&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Viewers">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline">Viewers</span></h3>
<ul><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FastStone_Image_Viewer" title="FastStone Image Viewer">FastStone Image Viewer</a></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irfanview" class="mw-redirect" title="Irfanview">Irfanview</a></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XnView" title="XnView">XnView</a></li></ul>
<p><a name="Document_Based" id="Document_Based"></a></p>
<h2><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_portable_software&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Document Based">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline">Document Based</span></h2>
<p><a name="Office_and_Publishing" id="Office_and_Publishing"></a></p>
<h3><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_portable_software&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Office and Publishing">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline">Office and Publishing</span></h3>
<ul><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abiword" class="mw-redirect" title="Abiword">Abiword</a>
<ul><li>Abiword Portable - for <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windows" title="Microsoft Windows">Microsoft Windows</a></li><li>Portable Abiword - for <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mac_OS_X" title="Mac OS X">Mac OS X</a></li><li>X-Abiword</li></ul>
</li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenOffice.org" title="OpenOffice.org">OpenOffice.org</a>
<ul><li>OpenOffice.org for U3</li><li>Portable OpenOffice - for <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windows" title="Microsoft Windows">Microsoft Windows</a></li><li>Portable OpenOffice - for <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mac_OS_X" title="Mac OS X">Mac OS X</a></li><li>X-OpenOffice</li></ul>
</li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qjot" title="Qjot">Qjot</a></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/StarOffice" title="StarOffice">Portable StarOffice</a></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RagTime_%28computer_program%29" title="RagTime (computer program)">RagTime</a></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scribus" title="Scribus">Scribus</a> Open source DTP, similar to PageMaker InDesign QuarkXPress (Win2K/XP)
<ul><li>X-Scribus</li><li>Portable Scribus</li></ul>
</li></ul>
<p><a name="Editors" id="Editors"></a></p>
<h3><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_portable_software&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Editors">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline">Editors</span></h3>
<ul><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EmEditor" title="EmEditor">EmEditor Professional</a> - for portability, select <i>Import and Export</i> on <i>Tools</i> menu.</li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GVim" class="mw-redirect" title="GVim">gVim</a> - for advanced users</li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Notepad%2B%2B" title="Notepad++">Notepad++</a></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Notepad2" title="Notepad2">Notepad2</a></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NoteTab" title="NoteTab">NoteTab Light</a></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NotesHolder" title="NotesHolder">NotesHolder</a> - desktop notes, for portability install it in Portable mode.</li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PSPad" title="PSPad">PSPad</a> - for portable use choose CAB archive</li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SciTE" title="SciTE">SciTE</a> - for portability, set SciTE_HOME environment variable before launching</li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TED_Notepad" title="TED Notepad">TED Notepad</a> - for portability, create a <i>tednpad.ini</i> file</li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Textpad" class="mw-redirect" title="Textpad">Textpad</a> for text documents of every sort.</li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UltraEdit" title="UltraEdit">UltraEdit</a> (UE3)</li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VEDIT" title="VEDIT">VEDIT</a> - for portability, check "Install onto removable USB drive" checkbox on the first setup dialog.</li></ul>
<p><a name="Educational" id="Educational"></a></p>
<h2><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_portable_software&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Educational">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline">Educational</span></h2>
<ul><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DreamKana" title="DreamKana">DreamKana</a></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maxima_%28software%29" title="Maxima (software)">Maxima</a></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stellarium" title="Stellarium">Stellarium</a></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gcompris" class="mw-redirect" title="Gcompris">Gcompris</a></li></ul>
<p><a name="Games" id="Games"></a></p>
<h2><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_portable_software&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Games">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline">Games</span></h2>
<p>See <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_portable_computer_games" title="List of portable computer games">List of portable computer games</a></p>
<p><a name="Internet" id="Internet"></a></p>
<h2><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_portable_software&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Internet">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline">Internet</span></h2>
<p><a name="Web_browsers" id="Web_browsers"></a></p>
<h3><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_portable_software&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Web browsers">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_browser" title="Web browser">Web browsers</a></span></h3>
<ul><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avant_Browser" title="Avant Browser">Avant</a></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Firefox_Portable" class="mw-redirect" title="Firefox Portable">Firefox Portable</a></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maxthon_Browser" class="mw-redirect" title="Maxthon Browser">Maxthon Browser</a></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opera_Browser" class="mw-redirect" title="Opera Browser">Opera Browser</a></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XeroBank_Browser" title="XeroBank Browser">XeroBank Browser</a></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Browzer_Browser&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Browzer Browser (page does not exist)">Browzer Browser</a></li></ul>
<p><a name="Email_clients" id="Email_clients"></a></p>
<h3><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_portable_software&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Email clients">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Email_client" class="mw-redirect" title="Email client">Email clients</a></span></h3>
<ul><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mozilla_Thunderbird#Portable_releases" title="Mozilla Thunderbird">Mozilla Thunderbird Portable</a></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pegasus_Mail" title="Pegasus Mail">Pegasus Mail</a></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pine_%28e-mail_client%29" title="Pine (e-mail client)">Pine</a></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Bat%21" title="The Bat!">The Bat! Voyager</a></li><li>Portable <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apple_mail" class="mw-redirect" title="Apple mail">Mail</a> - for <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mac_OS_X" title="Mac OS X">Mac OS X</a></li></ul>
<p><a name="Instant_messaging" id="Instant_messaging"></a></p>
<h3><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_portable_software&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Instant messaging">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instant_messaging" title="Instant messaging">Instant messaging</a></span></h3>
<ul><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adium" title="Adium">Adium</a> - for <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mac_OS_X" title="Mac OS X">Mac OS X</a></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coccinella_%28software%29" title="Coccinella (software)">Coccinella</a></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Talk" title="Google Talk">Google Talk</a></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miniaim" title="Miniaim">Miniaim</a></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miranda_IM" title="Miranda IM">Miranda IM</a></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pidgin_%28instant_messaging_client%29" class="mw-redirect" title="Pidgin (instant messaging client)">Pidgin Portable</a> (formerly Gaim Portable)</li><li>Portable <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skype" title="Skype">Skype</a></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psi_%28instant_messenger%29" class="mw-redirect" title="Psi (instant messenger)">Portable PSI</a></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quiet_Internet_Pager" title="Quiet Internet Pager">QIP</a></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TerraIM" title="TerraIM">TerraIM</a></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trillian_%28instant_messaging_client%29" class="mw-redirect" title="Trillian (instant messaging client)">Trillian Anywhere</a></li><li>Portable <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IChat" title="IChat">iChat</a> - for <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mac_OS_X" title="Mac OS X">Mac OS X</a></li></ul>
<p><a name="FTP_clients" id="FTP_clients"></a></p>
<h3><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_portable_software&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: FTP clients">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FTP_client" class="mw-redirect" title="FTP client">FTP clients</a></span></h3>
<ul><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WinSCP" title="WinSCP">WinSCP</a></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FileZilla" title="FileZilla">FileZilla</a></li><li>Portable <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyberduck" title="Cyberduck">Cyberduck</a></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SmartFTP" title="SmartFTP">SmartFTP</a></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FlashFXP" title="FlashFXP">FlashFXP</a></li></ul>
<p><a name="Download_managers" id="Download_managers"></a></p>
<h3><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_portable_software&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Download managers">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Download_manager" title="Download manager">Download managers</a></span></h3>
<ul><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wget" title="Wget">Wget</a></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTTrack" title="HTTrack">HTTrack</a></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WxDownload_Fast" title="WxDownload Fast">WxDownload Fast</a></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free_Download_Manager" title="Free Download Manager">Free Download Manager</a> - <i>Note: installation required to create portable version.</i></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DownThemAll%21" title="DownThemAll!">DownThemAll!</a> - <i>Note: Extension of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portable_Firefox" class="mw-redirect" title="Portable Firefox">Portable Firefox</a></i></li></ul>
<p><a name="P2P_file_sharing" id="P2P_file_sharing"></a></p>
<h3><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_portable_software&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: P2P file sharing">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peer-to-peer" title="Peer-to-peer">P2P</a> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File_sharing" title="File sharing">file sharing</a></span></h3>
<ul><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BitComet" title="BitComet">BitComet</a> - <i>Note: needs msxml.</i></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BitTornado" title="BitTornado">BitTornado</a> - <i>Note: needs msxml.</i></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emule" class="mw-redirect" title="Emule">Emule</a></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9CTorrent" title="ΜTorrent">μTorrent</a></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limewire" class="mw-redirect" title="Limewire">Limewire</a> - <i>Note: needs Java runtime environment.</i></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frostwire" class="mw-redirect" title="Frostwire">Frostwire</a> - <i>Note: needs Java runtime environment.</i></li></ul>
<p><a name="IRC" id="IRC"></a></p>
<h3><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_portable_software&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: IRC">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IRC" class="mw-redirect" title="IRC">IRC</a></span></h3>
<ul><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chatzilla" class="mw-redirect" title="Chatzilla">Chatzilla</a> <i>Note: Requires a Mozilla based browser, e.g. <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SeaMonkey" title="SeaMonkey">SeaMonkey</a>, or <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Firefox" class="mw-redirect" title="Firefox">Firefox</a>.</i></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HydraIRC" title="HydraIRC">HydraIRC</a></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miranda_IM" title="Miranda IM">Miranda IM</a></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MIRC" title="MIRC">mIRC</a> <i>Note: requires command line switch -portable.</i></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nettalk_%28Windows_chat_software%29" title="Nettalk (Windows chat software)">Nettalk</a></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pidgin_%28software%29" title="Pidgin (software)">Pidgin</a> (formerly Gaim)</li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xchat" class="mw-redirect" title="Xchat">Xchat</a></li><li>Portable <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X-Chat_Aqua" class="mw-redirect" title="X-Chat Aqua">X-Chat Aqua</a> - for <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mac_OS_X" title="Mac OS X">Mac OS X</a></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kvirc" class="mw-redirect" title="Kvirc">kvirc</a></li></ul>
<p><a name="RSS.2C_Atom_readers" id="RSS.2C_Atom_readers"></a></p>
<h3><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_portable_software&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: RSS, Atom readers">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RSS_%28file_format%29" class="mw-redirect" title="RSS (file format)">RSS</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atom_%28standard%29" title="Atom (standard)">Atom</a> readers</span></h3>
<ul><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RSSOwl" title="RSSOwl">RSSOwl</a> <i>Note: needs Java runtime environment.</i></li><li>Portable <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vienna_%28feed_reader%29" title="Vienna (feed reader)">Vienna</a> - for <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mac_OS_X" title="Mac OS X">Mac OS X</a></li></ul>
<p><a name="Telnet.2C_SSH_clients" id="Telnet.2C_SSH_clients"></a></p>
<h3><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_portable_software&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Telnet, SSH clients">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telnet" class="mw-redirect" title="Telnet">Telnet</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secure_Shell" title="Secure Shell">SSH</a> clients</span></h3>
<ul><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PortaPuTTY" class="mw-redirect" title="PortaPuTTY">portaPuTTY</a></li><li>WinSCP Portable Edition - <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SSH_file_transfer_protocol" title="SSH file transfer protocol">SFTP</a>/<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secure_copy" title="Secure copy">SCP</a>/<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FTP" class="mw-redirect" title="FTP">FTP</a> client, remote file manager, GUI -- see <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WinSCP" title="WinSCP">WinSCP</a>.</li></ul>
<p><a name="Bookmark_managers" id="Bookmark_managers"></a></p>
<h3><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_portable_software&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Bookmark managers">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bookmark_manager" class="mw-redirect" title="Bookmark manager">Bookmark managers</a></span></h3>
<ul><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portable_Bookmarks" title="Portable Bookmarks">Portable Bookmarks</a></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Del.icio.us" title="Del.icio.us">Del.icio.us</a></li></ul>
<p><a name="Search_engines" id="Search_engines"></a></p>
<h3><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_portable_software&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Search engines">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Search_engine" class="mw-redirect" title="Search engine">Search engines</a></span></h3>
<ul><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filehawk" title="Filehawk">Filehawk</a></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaviri_PocketSearch" title="Gaviri PocketSearch">Gaviri PocketSearch</a></li></ul>
<p><a name="Podcast_managers" id="Podcast_managers"></a></p>
<h3><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_portable_software&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Podcast managers">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Podcast" title="Podcast">Podcast</a> managers</span></h3>
<ul><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juice_%28software%29" title="Juice (software)">Juice</a></li></ul>
<p><a name="Proxy_server.2Fclients_and_Routing_Networks" id="Proxy_server.2Fclients_and_Routing_Networks"></a></p>
<h3><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_portable_software&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Proxy server/clients and Routing Networks">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proxy_server" title="Proxy server">Proxy server</a>/clients and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Routing" title="Routing">Routing</a> Networks</span></h3>
<ul><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portable_Tor" title="Portable Tor">Portable Tor</a></li></ul>
<p><a name="Wikis" id="Wikis"></a></p>
<h3><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_portable_software&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Wikis">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiki" title="Wiki">Wikis</a></span></h3>
<ul><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PmWiki" title="PmWiki">PmWiki</a></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TiddlyWiki" title="TiddlyWiki">TiddlyWiki</a></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MoinMoin" title="MoinMoin">Moin Moin Desktop Edition</a></li></ul>
<p><a name="Wiki-like_.28Note:_These_are_not_web-based.29" id="Wiki-like_.28Note:_These_are_not_web-based.29"></a></p>
<h3><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_portable_software&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Wiki-like (Note: These are not web-based)">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiki" title="Wiki">Wiki</a>-like (Note: These are not web-based)</span></h3>
<ul><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EverNote" title="EverNote">EverNote</a> (freeware & commercial versions)</li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/StoneNotes" title="StoneNotes">StoneNotes</a> (commercial/proprietary)</li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikidpad" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikidpad">Wikidpad</a></li></ul>
<p><a name="Operating_Systems" id="Operating_Systems"></a></p>
<h2><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_portable_software&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Operating Systems">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline">Operating Systems</span></h2>
<p><i>See <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_LiveDistros" title="List of LiveDistros">List of LiveDistros</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Live_USB" title="Live USB">Live USB</a></i></p>
<p><a name="Miscellaneous" id="Miscellaneous"></a></p>
<h2><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_portable_software&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: Miscellaneous">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline">Miscellaneous</span></h2>
<ul><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Webfoglio&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Webfoglio (page does not exist)">Webfoglio</a></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moka5" title="Moka5">Moka5</a> LivePC Engine (Portable VMWare). Note: Dynamically loads and unloads network drivers and requires administrator rights.</li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mojopac" class="mw-redirect" title="Mojopac">Mojopac</a> portable choped down copy of windows. Requires administrator rights.</li></ul>
<p><a name="Multimedia" id="Multimedia"></a></p>
<h2><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_portable_software&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: Multimedia">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline">Multimedia</span></h2>
<p><a name="File_converters" id="File_converters"></a></p>
<h3><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_portable_software&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: File converters">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline">File converters</span></h3>
<ul><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Audiograbber" title="Audiograbber">Audiograbber</a> is a CD audio extractor (digitally).</li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BonkEnc" title="BonkEnc">BonkEnc</a></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CDex" title="CDex">CDex</a></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MediaCoder" title="MediaCoder">MediaCoder</a></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SUPER_%28software%29" title="SUPER (software)">SUPER</a>
- (Simplified Universal Player Encoder & Renderer) is a program
that easily encapsulates the capabilities of ffmpeg, MEncoder, mplayer,
x264, mppenc, ffmpeg2theora, and the theora/vorbis RealProducer plugIn.
Has problems with portability.</li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TMPGEnc" title="TMPGEnc">TMPGEnc</a>
- a video encoder that supports HDV import/output along with DivX 6
AVI, MPEG-1/2/4, QuickTime (MOV), and Window Media (WMV/WMV-HD/WMA)
input/output.</li></ul>
<p><a name="CD.2FDVD_burning" id="CD.2FDVD_burning"></a></p>
<h3><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_portable_software&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: CD/DVD burning">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CD/DVD_burning" class="mw-redirect" title="CD/DVD burning">CD/DVD burning</a></span></h3>
<ul><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DeepBurner_Portable_Edition" class="mw-redirect" title="DeepBurner Portable Edition">DeepBurner Portable Edition</a></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/InfraRecorder" title="InfraRecorder">InfraRecorder</a></li></ul>
<p><a name="Editors_2" id="Editors_2"></a></p>
<h3><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_portable_software&action=edit&section=36" title="Edit section: Editors">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline">Editors</span></h3>
<ul><li>Portable <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Audacity" title="Audacity">Audacity</a> - for <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows" class="mw-redirect" title="Windows">Windows</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mac_OS_X" title="Mac OS X">Mac OS X</a></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Audiobook_Cutter_Free_Edition" title="Audiobook Cutter Free Edition">Audiobook Cutter Free Edition</a></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mp3DirectCut" title="Mp3DirectCut">mp3DirectCut</a></li></ul>
<p><a name="Audio.2FMidi_Sequencer" id="Audio.2FMidi_Sequencer"></a></p>
<h3><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_portable_software&action=edit&section=37" title="Edit section: Audio/Midi Sequencer">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline">Audio/Midi Sequencer</span></h3>
<ul><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/REAPER" title="REAPER">Reaper</a> has a .bat file for a USB stick installation</li></ul>
<p><a name="Players" id="Players"></a></p>
<h3><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_portable_software&action=edit&section=38" title="Edit section: Players">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline">Players</span></h3>
<ul><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FLV_player" title="FLV player">FLV player</a></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1by1" title="1by1">1by1</a></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Billy" title="Billy">Billy</a></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BSplayer" class="mw-redirect" title="BSplayer">Portable BSplayer</a></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CD" class="mw-redirect" title="CD">CD</a></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foobar2000" title="Foobar2000">foobar2000</a> - not for Windows 98</li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HACP" title="HACP">HACP</a></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MPlayer" title="MPlayer">MPlayer</a></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_KMPlayer" title="The KMPlayer">The KMPlayer</a> - A useful portable player (use zip version to make it portable)</li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Core_Pocket_Media_Player" title="The Core Pocket Media Player">The Core Pocket Media Player</a></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VideoLAN" title="VideoLAN">VideoLAN</a>:
<ul><li>VLC Media Player Portable</li><li>Portable VLC for <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mac_OS_X" title="Mac OS X">Mac OS X</a></li><li>XVideoLAN</li></ul>
</li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XMPlay" title="XMPlay">XMPlay</a></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Winamp" title="Winamp">Winamp</a></li></ul>
<p><a name="Recorders" id="Recorders"></a></p>
<h3><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_portable_software&action=edit&section=39" title="Edit section: Recorders">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline">Recorders</span></h3>
<ul><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Streamripper" title="Streamripper">Streamripper</a></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/StationRipper" title="StationRipper">StationRipper</a></li></ul>
<p><a name="Video_Capture" id="Video_Capture"></a></p>
<h3><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_portable_software&action=edit&section=40" title="Edit section: Video Capture">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline">Video Capture</span></h3>
<ul><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VirtualDub" title="VirtualDub">VirtualDub</a></li></ul>
<p><a name="Screen_Capture" id="Screen_Capture"></a></p>
<h3><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_portable_software&action=edit&section=41" title="Edit section: Screen Capture">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline">Screen Capture</span></h3>
<ul><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Snippy" title="Snippy">Snippy</a></li></ul>
<p><a name="Networking" id="Networking"></a></p>
<h2><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_portable_software&action=edit&section=42" title="Edit section: Networking">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline">Networking</span></h2>
<p><a name="HTTP_servers" id="HTTP_servers"></a></p>
<h3><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_portable_software&action=edit&section=43" title="Edit section: HTTP servers">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTTP_server" class="mw-redirect" title="HTTP server">HTTP servers</a></span></h3>
<ul><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruby_on_Rails" title="Ruby on Rails">Rails</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apache_web_server" class="mw-redirect" title="Apache web server">Apache</a>, and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MySQL" title="MySQL">MySQL</a></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Server2Go" title="Server2Go">Server2Go</a></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XAMPP" title="XAMPP">XAMPP</a></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WOS" title="WOS">WOS</a></li><li>The <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uniform_Server" title="Uniform Server">Uniform Server</a></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTTP_File_Server" title="HTTP File Server">HTTP File Server</a> (HFS)</li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EasyPHP" title="EasyPHP">easyPHP</a></li><li>Small HTTP server</li></ul>
<p><a name="Miscellaneous_2" id="Miscellaneous_2"></a></p>
<h3><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_portable_software&action=edit&section=44" title="Edit section: Miscellaneous">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline">Miscellaneous</span></h3>
<ul><li><a href="http://internet.junkbuster.com/" class="external text" title="http://internet.junkbuster.com/" rel="nofollow">Internet Junk Buster</a> - Personal proxy server (No longer maintained as of 1998)</li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Netcat" title="Netcat">Netcat</a></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proxomitron" title="Proxomitron">Proxomitron</a> - Filtering Web Proxy</li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xming" title="Xming">Xming</a></li><li>WinDump: <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tcpdump" title="Tcpdump">Tcpdump</a> for Windows</li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wireshark" title="Wireshark">Wireshark</a></li><li>VNC: <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RealVNC" title="RealVNC">RealVNC</a> Viewer for Windows</li></ul>
<p><a name="Other_Tools" id="Other_Tools"></a></p>
<h2><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_portable_software&action=edit&section=45" title="Edit section: Other Tools">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline">Other Tools</span></h2>
<p><a name="Web_Editors" id="Web_Editors"></a></p>
<h4><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_portable_software&action=edit&section=46" title="Edit section: Web Editors">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline">Web Editors</span></h4>
<ul><li>Portable <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nvu" title="Nvu">Nvu</a> - for <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mac_OS_X" title="Mac OS X">Mac OS X</a></li><li>OpenOffice.org Portable - Complete office suite, which includes HTML editor.</li></ul>
<p><a name="Calendar_management" id="Calendar_management"></a></p>
<h4><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_portable_software&action=edit&section=47" title="Edit section: Calendar management">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline">Calendar management</span></h4>
<ul><li>Portable <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mozilla_sunbird" class="mw-redirect" title="Mozilla sunbird">Sunbird</a> - for <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mac_OS_X" title="Mac OS X">Mac OS X</a></li><li>Portable <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ICal" title="ICal">iCal</a> - for <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mac_OS_X" title="Mac OS X">Mac OS X</a></li></ul>
<p><a name="File_management" id="File_management"></a></p>
<h4><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_portable_software&action=edit&section=48" title="Edit section: File management">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline">File management</span></h4>
<ul><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A43_%28software%29" title="A43 (software)">A43</a></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Directory_Opus" title="Directory Opus">Directory Opus</a> by selecting the USB/U3 export option</li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Servant_Salamander" class="mw-redirect" title="Servant Salamander">Servant Salamander</a> 1.52</li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Total_Commander" title="Total Commander">Total Commander</a></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duplicate_Files_Searcher" title="Duplicate Files Searcher">Duplicate Files Searcher</a></li></ul>
<p><a name="File_Archivers_and_Extractors" id="File_Archivers_and_Extractors"></a></p>
<h4><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_portable_software&action=edit&section=49" title="Edit section: File Archivers and Extractors">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline">File Archivers and Extractors</span></h4>
<ul><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/7-Zip" title="7-Zip">7-Zip</a> Portable</li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filzip" title="Filzip">Filzip</a></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peazip" class="mw-redirect" title="Peazip">PeaZip</a>, for Linux and Windows</li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IZArc" title="IZArc">iZarc2go</a>, Portable version of iZarc</li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WinRAR" title="WinRAR">WinRAR</a>,
Portable version for Windows, still requires having a license for a
regular version of WinRAR. The version number for WinRAR Unplugged is
3.7.1.1, while the latest WinRAR for Windows version is 3.71. WinRAR
Unplugged is available from <a href="http://www.win-rar.com/" class="external free" title="http://www.win-rar.com/" rel="nofollow">http://www.win-rar.com/</a></li></ul>
<p><a name="Screenwriting" id="Screenwriting"></a></p>
<h4><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_portable_software&action=edit&section=50" title="Edit section: Screenwriting">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline">Screenwriting</span></h4>
<ul><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celtx" title="Celtx">Celtx</a> Portable</li></ul>
<p><a name="PDF_Tools" id="PDF_Tools"></a></p>
<h2><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_portable_software&action=edit&section=51" title="Edit section: PDF Tools">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline">PDF Tools</span></h2>
<p><a name="Readers" id="Readers"></a></p>
<h4><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_portable_software&action=edit&section=52" title="Edit section: Readers">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline">Readers</span></h4>
<ul><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foxit_Reader" title="Foxit Reader">Foxit Reader</a></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumatra_PDF" title="Sumatra PDF">Sumatra PDF</a></li></ul>
<p><a name="Writers" id="Writers"></a></p>
<h4><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_portable_software&action=edit&section=53" title="Edit section: Writers">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline">Writers</span></h4>
<ul><li>Portable OpenOffice - for <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windows" title="Microsoft Windows">Microsoft Windows</a></li><li>Portable OpenOffice - for <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mac_OS_X" title="Mac OS X">Mac OS X</a></li></ul>
<p><a name="Security_and_Encryption" id="Security_and_Encryption"></a></p>
<h2><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_portable_software&action=edit&section=54" title="Edit section: Security and Encryption">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline">Security and Encryption</span></h2>
<p><a name="Password_Management" id="Password_Management"></a></p>
<h3><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_portable_software&action=edit&section=55" title="Edit section: Password Management">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline">Password Management</span></h3>
<ul><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KeePass" title="KeePass">KeePass</a> Portable</li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Password_Safe" title="Password Safe">Password Safe</a></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roboform" title="Roboform">Roboform</a> RoboForm2Go</li></ul>
<p><a name="Anti-Spyware.2FMalware" id="Anti-Spyware.2FMalware"></a></p>
<h3><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_portable_software&action=edit&section=56" title="Edit section: Anti-Spyware/Malware">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline">Anti-Spyware/Malware</span></h3>
<ul><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ad-aware" class="mw-redirect" title="Ad-aware">Ad-aware</a> (only the SE Personal edition, which is no longer supported - Ad Aware 2007 is not portable)</li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CWShredder" title="CWShredder">CWShredder</a></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HijackThis" title="HijackThis">HijackThis</a> Powerful tool for listing all startup programs and other hidden system modifications.</li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spybot_-_Search_%26_Destroy" title="Spybot - Search & Destroy">Spybot - Search & Destroy</a> Note - Requires power user or administrator privileges for Windows XP</li></ul>
<p><a name="AntiVirus" id="AntiVirus"></a></p>
<h3><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_portable_software&action=edit&section=57" title="Edit section: AntiVirus">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline">AntiVirus</span></h3>
<ul><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ClamWin" title="ClamWin">ClamWin Portable</a></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rootkit_Revealer" class="mw-redirect" title="Rootkit Revealer">Rootkit Revealer</a></li></ul>
<p><a name="Real-Time_Disk.2FVolume_Encryption" id="Real-Time_Disk.2FVolume_Encryption"></a></p>
<h3><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_portable_software&action=edit&section=58" title="Edit section: Real-Time Disk/Volume Encryption">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline">Real-Time Disk/Volume Encryption</span></h3>
<p><i>Note: All of the software in this section requires administrator privileges to start their respective drivers.</i></p>
<ul><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FreeOTFE" title="FreeOTFE">FreeOTFE</a></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TrueCrypt" title="TrueCrypt">TrueCrypt</a></li></ul>
<p><a name="File_Encryption" id="File_Encryption"></a></p>
<h3><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_portable_software&action=edit&section=59" title="Edit section: File Encryption">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline">File Encryption</span></h3>
<ul><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carry_it_Easy_%2BPlus" title="Carry it Easy +Plus">Carry it Easy +Plus</a></li></ul>
<p><a name="System_Maintenance" id="System_Maintenance"></a></p>
<h2><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_portable_software&action=edit&section=60" title="Edit section: System Maintenance">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline">System Maintenance</span></h2>
<p><a name="Storage_Management" id="Storage_Management"></a></p>
<h3><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_portable_software&action=edit&section=61" title="Edit section: Storage Management">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline">Storage Management</span></h3>
<p>Visual maps of free space and biggest files and folders on hard drive.</p>
<ul><li>Scanner</li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SpaceMonger" title="SpaceMonger">SpaceMonger</a></li></ul>
<p><a name="System_Information" id="System_Information"></a></p>
<h3><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_portable_software&action=edit&section=62" title="Edit section: System Information">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline">System Information</span></h3>
<ul><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CPU-Z" title="CPU-Z">CPU-Z</a> - CPU and memory hardware details - clock and FSB speeds, SPD, OS version.</li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AIDA32" title="AIDA32">AIDA32</a> - freeware system information, diagnostics, and auditing program written by Tamas Miklos, Win 95-XP.</li></ul>
<p><a name="Partition.2FFile_Recovery" id="Partition.2FFile_Recovery"></a></p>
<h3><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_portable_software&action=edit&section=63" title="Edit section: Partition/File Recovery">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline">Partition/File Recovery</span></h3>
<ul><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photorec" class="mw-redirect" title="Photorec">Photorec</a></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Testdisk" class="mw-redirect" title="Testdisk">Testdisk</a></li></ul>
<p><a name="References" id="References"></a></p>
<h2><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_portable_software&action=edit&section=64" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline">References</span></h2>
<ol class="references"><li id="_note-0"><b><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_portable_software#_ref-0" title="">^</a></b> John Guilfoil (<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006" title="2006">2006</a>-<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_7" title="September 7">09-07</a>). <a href="http://blogcritics.org/archives/2006/09/07/133422.php" class="external text" title="http://blogcritics.org/archives/2006/09/07/133422.php" rel="nofollow">Fun with Portable Software</a>. Retrieved on <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008">2008</a>-<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_24" title="January 24">01-24</a>.</li></ol></html>
<html><div style="width: 425px; text-align: left;" id="__ss_134281"><object style="margin: 0px;" height="355" width="425"><param name="movie" value="http://static.slideshare.net/swf/ssplayer2.swf?doc=portable-open-source-applications-on-a-usb-flash-drive1521"><param name="allowFullScreen" value="true"><param name="allowScriptAccess" value="always"><embed src="http://static.slideshare.net/swf/ssplayer2.swf?doc=portable-open-source-applications-on-a-usb-flash-drive1521" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" allowscriptaccess="always" allowfullscreen="true" height="355" width="425"></object><div style="font-size: 11px; font-family: tahoma,arial; height: 26px; padding-top: 2px;"><a href="http://www.slideshare.net/?src=embed"><img src="http://static.slideshare.net/swf/logo_embd.png" style="border: 0px none ; margin-bottom: -5px;" alt="SlideShare"></a> | <a href="http://www.slideshare.net/scyuen/portable-open-source-applications-on-a-usb-flash-drive?src=embed" title="View 'Portable, Open Source Applications on a USB Flash Drive' on SlideShare">View</a> | <a href="http://www.slideshare.net/upload?src=embed">Upload your own</a></div></div></html>
<html><div style="width: 425px; text-align: left;" id="__ss_86670"><object style="margin: 0px;" height="355" width="425"><param name="movie" value="http://static.slideshare.net/swf/ssplayer2.swf?doc=ratbag-radio-network1645"><param name="allowFullScreen" value="true"><param name="allowScriptAccess" value="always"><embed src="http://static.slideshare.net/swf/ssplayer2.swf?doc=ratbag-radio-network1645" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" allowscriptaccess="always" allowfullscreen="true" height="355" width="425"></object><div style="font-size: 11px; font-family: tahoma,arial; height: 26px; padding-top: 2px;"><a href="http://www.slideshare.net/?src=embed"><img src="http://static.slideshare.net/swf/logo_embd.png" style="border: 0px none ; margin-bottom: -5px;" alt="SlideShare"></a> | <a href="http://www.slideshare.net/ratbagradio/ratbag-radio-network?src=embed" title="View 'Ratbag Radio Network' on SlideShare">View</a> | <a href="http://www.slideshare.net/upload?src=embed">Upload your own</a></div></div></html>
<html><div align="justify"><blockquote><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://bp1.blogger.com/_nlVqFD-yqU4/R9h2DKwft5I/AAAAAAAABNs/UCNvK5RDsY0/s1600-h/Blather+cartoon.jpg"><img style="margin: 0pt 10px 10px 0pt; float: left; cursor: pointer; width: 96px; height: 138px;" src="http://bp1.blogger.com/_nlVqFD-yqU4/R9h2DKwft5I/AAAAAAAABNs/UCNvK5RDsY0/s200/Blather+cartoon.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5177017568461830034" border="0" /></a> <i><b> RatbagMedia Tiddly</b> is an exercise in note taking and archiving from all over using TiddlyWiki. 'Tis </i><i>an amazing platform but it takes some getting used to and mastering. But hey! I recommend the effort to you. Its' my own customized database.What a way to log your this and that and keep it all in the one place I love to spend my time at/out there in Web 2.
</i><br><blockquote><i>Dave Riley</i></blockquote></div>
<big><span style="font-weight: bold;"><br><br><br>ELSEWHERE</span></big><small>
</small></b><div class="WikiCustomNav WikiElement wiki"><ul><li><h2><small><a class="wiki_link" href="https://ratbagmedia.wikispaces.com/">RatbagMedia Wiki</a></small></h2></li></ul><b><b>CHANNELS</b>
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| Date:|$Date: 2007-03-16 15:19:22 +1000 (Fri, 16 Mar 2007) $|
| Source:|http://mptw.tiddlyspot.com/#RenameTagsPlugin|
| Author:|Simon Baird <simon.baird@gmail.com>|
| License|http://mptw.tiddlyspot.com/#TheBSDLicense|
Rename a tag and you will be prompted to rename it in all its tagged tiddlers.
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Rug pulled from ABC Learning
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Related Coverage
* Elizabeth Knight: King gets lesson in margin lending
* Malcolm Maiden: Either ABC's kidding us or some punters have made a killing
* XChange: ABC's landlord takes a beating
* MICHAEL WEST: Who's next for financial judgment day?
* Eddy faces annihilation as ABC board caught by margin calls
Advertisement
* Vanda Carson
* February 27, 2008
*
SHARES in the child-care provider ABC Learning Centres yesterday plunged almost 70 per cent at one point after concerns arose about its ability to meet debt covenants.
Investors sold on fears that if the downturn in the US economy were to see revenues fall at ABC's 1000 US centres, then the declining value of centres could trigger a breach of the company's covenants on $1.2 billion worth of loans used to fund their purchase. It has total debt of $1.8 billion.
Margin calls on directors' shareholdings, understood to include chief executive Eddy Groves and his wife, Le Neve, put further pressure on the stock yesterday.
The shares closed at their lowest point in five years, down 43 per cent at $2.14, after recovering from lows of $1.15 in morning trading.
The spectre of declining occupancy in US centres is hanging over the stock as warnings sound that the American economy is faltering and unemployment is about to rise.
If the company were to write down the value of its US child-care licences by just $223 million, it would trigger a breach and possibly lead to forced asset sales.
Mr Groves yesterday reassured shareholders that the company had not yet breached the covenants because shareholder funds exceeded $2 billion.
According to its balance sheet, released to the market on Monday, the company has shareholder funds of $2.23 billion.
Shareholder funds is the value of assets minus liabilities, and two-thirds of its assets are listed as intangible, including its US child-care licences.
The company, which has been in a massive expansion phase in the past two years, has a negative balance of hard physical assets to intangible assets to the tune of $1.75 per share.
The company also has $1.2 billion of debt repayable in three years, and $600 million of convertible notes on a nine-year term.
It is unclear how much time the banks would give the company to repay the loans if its shareholder funds were to fall below $2 billion. At June 30 last year shareholder funds were at $1.9 billion.
Investors have been cautious about ABC's expansion in the US, where it expects most of its future growth, with shares losing nearly half their value since hitting $7.57 last May when the Singaporean fund Temasek bought a stake.
Shares peaked in December 2006 at $8.63, valuing the company at $4.1 billion.
Clime Asset Management fund manager Roger Montgomery yesterday told Bloomberg that ABC Learning was not an economically viable business in its current form.
"ABC generates a lower rate of return on the owner's equity than a term deposit. ABC was once a very profitable small business. It's now a less-than-mediocre large business," he said.
Mr Groves yesterday assured the Herald that the US licences would retain their value, even in an economic downturn, saying they were valued on a discounted cash flow method over a five-year period.
"If there was a small dip [in US earnings] you still base it over a five-year cash flow," he said.
"We haven't seen any downturn due to the recession [in the US]," he said.
He believed yesterday's fall in the share price was less to do with concerns over the ability to stay within loan guidelines and more to do with the market reaction to a 40 per cent fall in first-half profit, revealed after the market closed on Monday.
The company also plans to sell $250 million of property assets by June this year - which in itself would put its shareholder funds below the $2 billion trigger point - so it would be o
Source: [[Rug pulled from ABC Learning : smh.com.au|http://business.smh.com.au/rug-pulled-from-abc-learning/20080226-1v0n.html]]
Over the years the proportion of people in New South Wales using public transport has fallen steadily, from over 40% in 1945 to under 10% today.
Now, the public transport system only really gets used to capacity at peak hour. The rest of the time it’s used by those who can’t afford car travel.
Little wonder that the NSW government has been closing rail lines and neglecting the system to the point that train travel across the state has been getting slower over the past decade! (Over the same period spending on motorways
reached $10 billion.)
In 2006-07, according to the Ministry of Transport, the average subsidy per passenger trip will be $4.21 on CityRail, 70 cents on Sydney and Newcastle buses, $2.34 on Sydney ferries and $58.28 on CountryLink— the entire system will absorb $3.4 billion in grants and
subsidies.
Here’s why the transport authorities and the NSW government wants to keep cutting “loss-making” services like the Broadmeadow-Newcastle link, arguing that some of this money would be better spent upgrading the system where there is still demand (especially in the Sydney region).
But this way of looking at the issue is dead wrong. The only way to measure the global cost and benefit of public transport is against the global cost and benefit of the alternative—shifting people and goods by car and truck.
On that scale public transport wins hands down—every 10% switch out of car and truck and into public transport will reduce the costs of air pollution, greenhouse gas emission, car accidents, traffic congestion, motor vehicle waste disposal, noise pollution and road maintenance by an order of $1.4 billion at least.
That’s why the Socialist Alliance calls for a three-month trial of free public transport (see www.socialist- alliance.org) to test out in practice the gains that could be made for our health and the environment by a radical switch back to public transport.
At the same time the Alliance proposes an all-round upgrading of the public transport system.
1. Extend and improve the network
After years of neglect the Iemma government has finally embraced a plan for increased rail infrastructure in the
Sydney region—the Metropolitan Rail Expansion Plan (MREP). But NSW’s rail infrastructure is already 20 years
behind where it should be and a rapid switch to public transport is needed if there is to be a serious impact on
climate change and air pollution.
This requires:
• Implementing the MREP not by 2015 but as soon as possible. This is urgently needed to unclog
freight and suburban and interurban rail networks, allowing more trains to run more frequently.
• Committing to a further extension of the heavy rail network in urban centres (Sydney, Newcastle,
Illawarra) and investigating the extent to which this should be underground
• Increasing capacity by developing an extensive network of light rail along arterial roads, as well as in
between major centres, especially in Sydney’s West
• Expanding the rail freight network so as to serve all major industrial clusters and ports
• Upgrading the interstate and country rail network to allow trains to travel more quickly
• Reversing cuts to the country rail network
• Expanding bus priority programs and strategic bus lanes
• Rebuilding public transport staff numbers to ensure safe, comfortable and efficient services
• Upgrading railway stations, light rail and bus stops, ferry wharfs and interchanges to provide
adequate seating, shelter, bicycle storage and decent facilities for the disabled.
• Expansion of the cycleway network
• Planned integration of taxis and taxi cooperatives into the system
2. Public transport: publicly owned and democratically managed
While public transport in NSW has not experienced Victoria’s full-scale privatisation disaster, it has had its share of
flops and crises, the most spectacular being the Cross-City Tunnel and the Sydney airport rail link (presently being
run as a high-cost monopoly to help the state pay off its debts to the previous owners).
The privatisation of CityRail and CountryLink maintenance work also lies behind the familiar stories of breakdowns
and network decay—over the past 20 years short-term savings have been purchased at the price of a longer term
decline in standards as well as loss of expertise within the public system.
The Socialist Alliance stands for:
• Public ownership of all transport services and their administration by boards representing users,
workers and managers
• Renationalisation of private rail freight companies like Pacific National
• An end to public-private partnerships
• The taking into public ownership of private bus operations (presently subsidised to the tune of $555
million a year)
• Fully integrated planning of all transport modes. Instead of unplanned competition between private
transport, public transport and taxis, a comprehensive plan that specialises each mode where it best
fits
3. Making transport environmentally sustainable
Given that trains are 40 times and buses 3.5 times more energy efficient than cars, a sustained shift to public
transport will hugely benefit our environment. Moreover, even as public transport regains its place as the main
transport mode, it can lead the way by incorporating the latest environmentally sustainable technologies (eg,
lightweight materials, alternative propulsion systems).
The Socialist Alliance also stands for:
• Replacing semi-trailers and “B-doubles” as the major inter-city freight mode, with workers affected
to be retrained on full pay and incorporated into the expanded public transport system
• Electric and hybrid vehicles to replace commercial trucks and vans for the urban transport of freight
• Ending the construction of new motorways
• Ending all tax concessions for company and company-purchased cars
• Developing biofuels only where there is negligible impact on productive agricultural land and
biodiversity;
• Free carriage of bicycles on public transport;
• Making all new urban development dependent on the provision of adequate public transport
4. Funding
The shift in public transport infrastructure and services proposed here will require a large increase in funding. The
Socialist Alliance proposes:
• An increase in state debt to fund large-scale public transport infrastructure
• The imposition of a public transport levy on all CBD employers with more than 10 staff, along the
lines of the French versement de transport.
• Special levies on developers who gain access to commercially profitable sites close to railway
stations and bus interchanges.
www.socialist-alliance.org
Pretty interesting stuff... note the content regarding reliable baseload supply and the quote for savings from oil imports- $482billion per year. Also the payoff period- $1.5 trillion dollars to build the network of solar thermal plants across the US with a payback period of 3 years (!) due to reduced oil imports.
Sorry I've copied this from a PDF so its a bit lengthy. I had to remove some of the graphs because they didn't copy and paste into gmail
If anyone wants the PDF email me and I'll send it to ya.
Comradely
zane
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY AS THE PRIMARY REPLACEMENT
FOR COAL AND OIL IN U.S. GENERATION AND TRANSPORTATION
David R. Mills and Robert G. Morgan
Chairman, B.Sc., PhD (Physics); Chief Development Officer, B.A., M.S
Ausra, Inc.
2585 East Bayshore Rd. Palo Alto, CA 94303-3210, USA
Phone +1 650 353 9756; Fax: +1 650 494 3893
david.mills@...
Abstract
Advanced solar thermal electric options are dropping in price and some companies are beginning to intro-
duce thermal storage. This paper suggests not only that Solar Thermal Electricity (STE) has sufficient diurnal
and seasonal natural correlation with electricity load to supply the great majority of the US national grid (and
by logical extension, those of China and India) on an annual basis with only 16 hours of storage. The correla-
tion between the natural output and load exceeds 90% California and Texas, and also on the entire US grid.
Furthermore, STE can supply much of the transportation market without destroying these natural correla-
tions. The almost complete elimination of both fossil fueled generation and oil usage for transportation in the
USA appears to be technically feasible.
Introduction
This paper is intended to stimulate thinking
about an integrated renewable energy strategy
to fully power the USA grid. The sun is a much
larger practical energy resource than any non-
direct solar resource. This paper presents solar
electricity as the most likely means to nearly
eliminate contributions to global warming from
electricity generation by mid-century. Because
thermal storage is much cheaper than
electrical, mechanical or hydrogen storage,
solar electricity will probably be predominantly
in the form of solar thermal electricity (STE)
with thermal storage rather than photovoltaic
solar electricity with electrical or mechanical
storage. In this paper we use the term STE
rather than the less specific name
Concentrating Solar Power (CSP) because
CSP also includes PV concentrators (CPV), which do not have the crucial storage benefits of STE.
STE uses a field of solar reflectors to create a hot fluid to run a heat engine such as a Rankine or Brayton
cycle. STE is a proven concept using Rankine cycle turbines. It has been successfully demonstrated in the
Californian desert for two decades using commercial parabolic trough technology1 and steam turbines,
achieving an annual field availability of 99%. The US National Renewable Energy Lab uses a conservative
future total plant availability of 94%1, due primarily to O&M requirements of the conventional steam turbine
used. Central receiver (CR) technology, in which a small receiver on a high tower is illuminated by a field
of mirrors below, has also been developed using two-axis tracking heliostat reflectors and a commercial
plant PS10 has begun operation in Spain. A third option recently developed is the linear Fresnel reflector
(LFR) system in which long steam pipe receivers on towers are illuminated by long heliostats below2,3. Our
CLFR (compact LFR) system (Fig. 1) is the basis of a recently announced 177 MW project with the PG&E
utility in California4. Both CRs and LFRs currently generate steam directly with low parasitic pumping losses
and could be used in GW-sized fields.
STE can use low cost energy storage in artificial thermal reservoirs. Oil storage was successfully demon-
strated commercially in the mid 1980's6 and molten salt is being commercialized in parabolic trough plants in
Spain7. Very low cost water-based thermal storage is expected to be commercialized within two years using
own technology under development. Thermal storage can actually lower kWh cost because it reduces tur-
Figure 1. Visualization of the proposed 177 MW plant at
the Carrizo Plain, California. Tracking linear reflectors
focus solar energy on elevated boiler tubes to produce
steam.
bine size required for a given thermal output. In STE designs using storage and no fuel, there is long term
also immunity from fuel cost rises.
Currently, STE kWh cost is transitioning the cost of natural gas generation in California and is expected to be
near US new plant coal generation cost when plants get to 500 MW - 1 GW scale in a few years. Any tech-
nology which can displace coal and gas generation could also potentially eliminate vehicle emissions using
plug-in electric vehicles. Both markets are examined in this paper from a technical point of view, without de-
tailed reference to economics. The correlations of solar output power with grid load requirements are ex-
amined with reference to 2006 load data.
Load Model
The data on the Californian grid usage is based upon hour by hour grid load data from California (CAISO)8
and Texas (ERCOT)9. These loads are shown in Figures 2-5. A simple vehicle usage model was developed
by the authors from energy use data from the sources provided for Fig. 5.
Collector Model
The collector model used in this paper is part of the project model developed commercially for the CLFR
system (Fig. 1). However, any solar system with the same number of hours of storage will exhibit broadly
similar correlations. The model uses ray trace results (two models have been used, an internally developed
one and SolTrace from NREL for model checking) to form an sun angle map of optical performance vs sun
position in the sky. The maps are incorporated into a TRNSYS model of the collector and power system,
which can incorporate storage modules. A simpler project model with project financial modules also is
provided with a collector and storage performance modules that are cross-correlated with the TRNSYS
model to ensure accuracy. The project model is run for every hour of the year and, where possible, load data
is entered also on an hourly time step. Both TRNSYS and the project model develop a value for collected
solar radiation from archived solar radiation data, e.g. as available from the US National Renewable Energy
Laboratory (NREL)10.
The individual power block peak thermal efficiency was assumed to be 33%, but this assumption does not
affect the basic conclusions of the paper, which could be for any turbine size and efficiency since we are not
looking at detailed cost in this paper. The plant fleet size is arbitrarily made to equal the peak load
requirement of the state or country being modeled. In this paper we use 50 GW for California, 63 GW for
Texas, and 1067 GW installed and 789 GW non-coincident peak load for the USA (2006 data year).
The solar multiple is the ratio of actual solar array size to the minimum size required to run a turbine at full
capacity at solar noon in mid-summer. Solar multiples greater than one are required when delivering power
outside daylight hours using storage. We use the short form SMx to indicate a solar multiple of x. The
storage used is only enough to carry load for 1- 2 days, and is used to match hourly output fluctuations in
solar input with hourly load. These storage
levels do not provide seasonal or even weekly
storage, so are subject to local weather events,
especially sustained cloudy periods.
However, with the CLFR, we also use solar
multiples of up to 2 even when not using storage;
this causes overproduction of thermal energy at
peak solar periods in summer (discarded by
turning some of the reflector field off-focus) but
allows better utilization of the turbine at other
times, increasing plant capacity factor. Because
our models currently show improved economics
using a solar multiple of 2 in fields without
storage, we use SM2 as the non-storage
configuration with the best correlation with grid
load in this paper.
Figure 2. Solar contribution to grid load in California
assuming no storage and a solar multiple SM2. The
annual contribution is 40%.
Replacing fossil generation
The capacity factor is the ratio of actual energy supplied to the maximum possible supply by the installed
turbines over that period. In Fig. 2, modeled monthly capacity factor (CF) is given for a 50 GW using the
2006 the Californian ISO grid load9. The collector model uses and array of SM2, with the array being as-
sumed to only have storage in the thermal mass of the array pipes, fluid, and steam drums. It can be seen
that, partially due to the SM2 strategy, the CF is reasonable and the array covers about 40% of the annual
California load. This is excellent for a non-storage technology but not enough to allow the technology to
generate the majority of power on the grid.
In Fig. 3, the same turbine fleet is now provided with
arrays in the SM2, SM3 and SM4 sizes, all with 16
hours of storage. The chart shows the SM3 case to
exceed the grid load requirement at all times except
in winter, using a peak turbine capacity equal to the
peak load of 50 GW, recorded in the early afternoon
of July 24, 2006. The 16 hour figure was chosen for
use in the graph because it was financially optimal
for the SM3 case; many other storage levels were
attempted. The correlation with annual load is 92%,
without the application of any peaking plant, with
only 3% of energy having to be dumped (by turning
excess collector capacity off-focus). At SM2, the
monthly load is never carried, but zero energy is
dumped. At SM4, the entire grid load is carried, but
22% of energy is dumped. The lowest kWh cost
case is therefore near SM3, because the turbine op-
erates close to the capacity factor required by the
grid, while little energy is dumped.
In Fig. 4, the model results for the Texas ERCOT10
grid are given for SM2, SM3, and SM4. Again, 16
hours of storage was assumed. The chart shows the
least cost SM3 case to fall short in summer, using a
peak turbine capacity equal to the peak load hours of
the year. This was 63 GW, recorded in the early af-
ternoon of May 8, 2006. Again, SM3 is best, with a
91% correlation without needing peaking plant.
While the high supply fractions are compelling from a
regional viewpoint, a more ambitious thought experi-
ment addresses the supply of the entire national grid
from the modeled Texas and California solar arrays.
Of course, supply of the USA would take place from
many southern and western states, but using two
distant states like California and Texas is illustrative.
In Fig. 5, the dashed line indicates the 2005 national
grid profile scaled to the 108 GW coincident peak of
the CAISO and ERCOT. The result – surprisingly - is
even closer to the two-state blended solar generation
correlation, with 96% of the national annual grid
supply accessible to least cost SM3 STE. However,
this chart was prepared by using monthly national
data, not the hourly data available through CAISO
and ERCOT. Nevertheless, there is a close match
between the forms of load patterns of Texas, California, and the national grid, suggesting that similar
amounts of storage could be used to the same effect. Further, there would be a tendency for extreme local
weather events to be averaged out, and there would be hundreds of solar plants available with flexible sto-
rage and considerable geographic diversity. For this reason, a result close to or better than that in the Cali-
fornia case is not unreasonable.
This close correlation in a country having a severe winter in the northern regions might seem not to be intui-
tively correct, but the excellent seasonal match at the national level can be better understood if one realizes
that winter home heating loads are carried out by non-electrical energy (gas and oil) and that air-conditioning
is mostly electrical. This produces a close national load correlation with solar seasonal availability similar to
that previously calculated for the warmer states.
The 2005/6 U.S. national grid had a generating capacity of 1067 GW and non-coincident peak load of 789
GW 11. Based on the current technology, a CLFR with SM3 and storage would require 1.5 square miles for
177 MW, translating a national land requirement equal to 23,418 km2 or a square with 153 km sides.
Replacing Oil
Recently there has been recent development of
lithium ion batteries and supercapacitors12 that may
provide the possibility of fast recharging electric
vehicles which would use zero fossil fuel. The
electricity for such vehicles would come from the
national and state grids, and therefore can be
supplied by grid-connected renewable energy with low
climate impact.
The annual U.S. figure on 2006 for vehicle emissions
has been calculated by the DOE13 to be 2.0 billion
metric tonnes CO2 equivalent (CO2e). This is close to
the annual US Electricity generation emissions of 2.3
billion metric tonnes CO2 equivalent (CO2e). Together
this is 4.3 billion tonnes per year.
A Socolow Wedge14 is a saving of 1 billion tonnes of
Carbon emissions per year reduction. Multiplying by
44/12 to convert to tonnes of CO2e, a single wedge is
3.7 billion tonnes of CO2e per year. Seven wedges
are require to drop the atmosphere to stabilisation of
550 ppm of CO2e over 50 years, so the potential of
removing emissions from the US generation and
vehicle fleets is 4.3/(3.7 x 7) x 100 = 17% of the entire
global reductions required. The potential in other
markets like China, Europe and India is also large.
The U.S. national vehicle fleet-miles travelled were
1.0 x 1013 in 2005/615. Battery electric vehicles
typically use between 0.17 and 0.37 kWhe per mile, so
for 1.0 x 10^13 miles of vehicular travel the US would
need 1.7-3.7 x 10^6 GWh to fully eliminate vehicle
emissions from fuel use. In this thought experiment,
national solar generation would consequently have to
climb by 42% - 91% to accommodate an entirely
electrified vehicle fleet. The land area requirement for
the supporting CLFR generation plant would climb to
between 182 and 211 km on a side.
Superimposed on our electricity load, this would have some implications. Although fast charging will be
available, it is likely that much of charging will take place in the home garage, leading to a stronger night
load. Because we do not have hourly data for the entire US grid, or a typical charging pattern, we can look at
a simple model in which the more extreme effect of placing 91% more generation into one state, California,
spreading the charging period over the period between 9 PM and 9 AM. It is likely that technical
Fig. 6 A SM3 solar fleet in California addressing a
grid load which includes the majority of static gen-
eration and an electric vehicle fleet. The correlation
between solar output and load is 93%.
improvement would drive vehicle efficiency toward the lower end of the range after a decade of manufacture,
but the authors ignore this, This model also does not benefit from time zone displacement as would occur in
a national model. For both reasons, it can be regarded as a worst case. Fig 6 shows a calculation for
California, such that peak generation is now 50 GW x 1.91 = 95.5 GW. It can be seen that the effect on the
model correlation is marginal, with the SM3 configuration continuing to be preferred and the correlation
slightly improved over the 50 GW California model in Fig. 3 at 93%. This suggests that on a national basis,
the correlation will also remain high with a grid load which totally includes the vehicle sector. For more
efficient vehicles, the added grid load would be smaller but the correlation similar.
The current cost of a CLFR system is approximately US$3000 per kW; we believe it will drop rapidly to
US$1500 per kW within a few years as a result of a numerous technical improvements already identified. At
a future estimated cost of $1500 per peak kilowatt, this is ($672 - $1456 billion)/0.93 (the 0.93 because we
only supplied 93% of power in the case calculated), or about $723 - $1566 billion in capital investment to
provide a grid which supplies the great majority of static and vehicular loads. The current cost of imported oil
to the USA at $100 per barrel at an import rate (in 2005/6) of $13.2 million barrels a day is $482 billion per
year. The simple payback time in balance of payments by substitution of solar for oil is approximately 1.5 - 3
years. Even at the current cost of the CLFR system, it would remain an attractive investment. This simple
economic argument neglects very large benefits to the local environment, which, in addition to global
environmental benefits, would include a much cleaner atmosphere in urban areas and the avoidance of
associated health costs.
Of course, the installation of transportation generation would not be immediate but would occur gradually. In
a somewhat aggressive scenario, if installation were spread over 30 years, then the annual generation
replacement cost would be between US$24 and US$52 billion. Each such annual investment would avoid
US$48 billion in imported fuel costs each year for the life of the plant. This would provide both a large and
continuing benefit to the US economy. The primary uncertainties in this calculation are the rate at which pure
electric vehicles can be introduced, and the assumed electricity usage per km. However, the payback is so
high that only a very great increase in the cost of electric vehicles over fuelled vehicles could reverse the
economic benefit.
Discussion
Although it is often said that "solar cannot produce base load electricity", STE is probably the only currently
available technology which can be considered for a globally dominant role in the electricity sector over the
next 40 years.
Humankind evolved to be most active when the sun was up, with our eyes having been optimized through
evolution for the sun's spectral emission. This is why human activity and energy usage correlates signifi-
cantly with the energy delivery from direct solar systems. Additional seasonal correlations detected in this
paper result from the influence of the national building air-conditioning load, which is greater toward summer
months when the sun delivers more direct solar energy to the earth's surface. We have up to now largely
neglected these advantageous correlations when designing power systems technology. The results of this
paper suggest that such hourly and seasonal natural correlations with energy output from a solar system are
substantially enhanced using storage. An immediate advantage is that load-following solar plant does not
need expensive peaking plant backup. It is clear that natural correlations can be used to economic advan-
tage in solar power system design.
The relevance of base load generation as a technical strategy needs to be carefully re-examined. Human
activity does not correlate well with base load coal or nuclear output. It should by now be recognized that
base load is what coal and nuclear technologies produce, not what is required by society and the environ-
ment.
Solar power with storage can take up as much of the grid generation load or vehicle energy load as is
desired, and can host other clean energy options by treating them as a negative grid load. A mixture of
storage and non-storage renewable options thus appears to be fully self-consistent as an alternative to the
present generation mix, with the main co-contributors to STE probably being hydroelectricity and wind.
Conclusions
This paper suggests not only that STE is a energy option of great significance, but that with only 16 hours of
storage it has sufficient diurnal and seasonal natural correlation with electricity load to supply the great ma-
jority of the US national grid (and by logical extension, those of China and India) over the year, with the hour-
ly solar radiation data including typical cloudy weather patterns. Furthermore, STE can supply much of an
electrified transportation market without destroying the natural correlations discussed above. An almost
complete elimination of both fossil-fueled generation and oil usage for transportation in the USA appears to
be technically feasible. A simple calculation provided in this paper suggests that this option will cost less than
continuing to import oil.
Zero emissions technology is required to replace most of current generation by mid-century to meet stringent
climate goals. What is now needed to facilitate such a vision is a rethink of the function and form of electricity
grid networks, and the inclusion of high capacity factor solar electricity technology in the design of continen-
tal electricity systems. The scenarios in this paper are basic and could be much improved with sustained ef-
fort at a national and state level. However, the underlying correlations of solar power with societal and envi-
ronmental needs are clear.
References
1."Assessment of Parabolic Trough and Power Tower Solar Technology Cost and Performance Forecasts."
Edited by Sargent & Lundy LLC Consulting Group Chicago, Illinois. National Renewable Energy Laboratory
Report NREL/SR-550-3444, 1617 Cole Boulevard, Golden, Colorado 80401-3393, USA, October, 2003.
2. D.R. Mills, G.L Morrison and P. Le Lievre, "Multi-Tower Line Focus Fresnel Array Project", Journal of Solar
Energy Engineering, Vol. 128, February, 2006, Transactions of the ASME.
3. Ausra, Inc., 2007. http://www.Ausra.com.
4. http://www.reuters.com/article/companyNewsAndPR/idUSN0522608420071105?pageNumber=2&sp=true
5. P. Schramek, and D.R. Mills. Multi-tower solar array. EuroSun 2000, Copenhagen June 2000. See also
later multi-tower concepts by BrightSource at http://www.brightsourceenergy.com/dpt.htm.
6. D. Frier, and R. G. Cable, "An Overview and Operation Optimisation of the Kramer Junction Solar Electric
Generating System", ISES World Congress, Jerusalem Vol. 1, pp. 241–246, 1999.
7. R. Aringhoff. et al. "AndaSol - 50MW Solar Plants with 9 Hour Storage for Southern Spain", Proc. 11th
SolarPACES International Symposium, Zurich, Switzerland, pp. 37-42,, 4-6 Sept, 2002.
8. 2006 ERCOT Hourly Load Data http://www.ercot.com/gridinfo/load/load_hist/index.html
9. CAISO - http://oasis.caiso.com, 2006 California System Load.
10. National Energy Renewable Lab TMY2 data, avail. at
http://rredc.nrel.gov/solar/old_data/nsrdb/tmy2/State.html
11. Edison Electric Institute, see
http://www.eei.org/industry_issues/industry_overview_and_statistics/industry_statistics#generation
12. http://opensourceinnovation.wordpress.com/2007/06/18/why-we-need-electric-cars-part-ii/
13. U.S. DOE/EIA. Emissions of Greenhouse Gases in the United States 2006/ DOE/EIA-0573(2006).
Download from ftp://ftp.eia.doe.gov/pub/oiaf/1605/cdrom/pdf/ggrpt/057306.pdf
14. S. Pacala and R. Socolow, "Stabilization Wedges: Solving the Climate Problem for the Next 50 Years
with Current Technologies." Science, p305, 968, 2004.
15. Vehicle miles traveled. Pew Centre.
http://www.pewclimate.org/global-warming-basics/facts_and_figures/us_emissions/vmt.cfm
Source: [[SAenvironment : Message: Re: FW: [GRCO] 93 % of US transportation and electricity energy from Solar Thermal saving $482Billion in|http://au.groups.yahoo.com/group/SAenvironment/message/1307]]
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<h5>By the editorial board<br>
18 March 2008</h5>
<p>However the events on Wall Street play out during the next
few weeks, there is no question but that a crisis of historic
magnitude is now unfolding. After a generation of relentless media
propaganda, which touted the infallibility of the capitalist market
and the genius of Wall Street’s financial wizards, the United
States economy now stands on the very brink of an economic breakdown
on a scale not seen since the Great Depression.</p>
<p>The collapse of Bear Stearns last Friday and its subsequent
takeover organized by JP Morgan Chase and the Federal Reserve
Board mark a major turning point in the history of post-war global
capitalism. It signifies that the contradictions within the world
capitalist economy are now reaching the point where the type of
financial catastrophe and social and economic devastation experienced
in the 1930s is not only possible, but is becoming increasingly
likely.</p>
<p>The plight of Bear Stearns’s 14,000 employees, at least
half of whom are expected to lose their jobs and whose life savings
in company stock have been wiped out at a stroke, foreshadows
the social catastrophe that threatens to engulf the working class
in the United States and throughout the world.</p>
<p>The measures taken by the Fed over the weekend underscore the
fact that Bear Stearns is the first of what threatens to become
a rash of bank and financial institution failures in the US and
internationally. The Fed announced late Sunday that it would take
responsibility for some $30 billion in illiquid assets held by
Bear Stearns, as part of the takeover agreement with JP Morgan
Chase.</p>
<p>In addition, it announced a quarter-point cut in the discount
rate it charges for direct loans to banks, and added—in a
move with no precedent since the Great Depression—that it
would extend unlimited credit for six months not only to commercial
banks, but also to investment banks and brokerage houses. Normally,
the Fed’s so-called discount window is restricted to commercial
banks, i.e., depository institutions, and closed to less regulated
and traditionally more speculative investment banks.</p>
<p>By invoking an emergency provision added to the Federal Reserve
Act in 1932 at the height of the Depression allowing Fed loans
to investment houses, the Fed signaled that it feared the failure
of other major Wall Street firms. Veteran economist Allen Sinai
has predicted that “several major financial institutions”
will be lost in some form.</p>
<p>The Fed took these actions in advance of its scheduled meeting
Tuesday, at which it is believed the central bank will further
slash short-term interest rates between 0.50 percent and 1.0 percent.</p>
<p>In highly volatile trading on the New York Stock Exchange Monday,
the Dow Jones Industrial Average closed slightly higher, but financial
stocks, with the exception of JP Morgan Chase, continued to fall
sharply. Of the major remaining investment banks, Lehman Brothers,
the largest underwriter of mortgage-backed securities, fell the
most, losing 19 points on top of a 15 point decline on Friday.
Citigroup, the largest commercial bank in the world, in terms
of market value, fell 6 percent.</p>
<p>The dollar hit new lows against the euro, the yen and the Swiss
Franc.</p>
<p>The Fed’s actions, coming on top of massive infusions
of liquidity into the financial markets and an agreement to accept
as collateral mortgage-backed assets that cannot be sold and are
of dubious value, mean that the US central bank is taking onto
its balance sheet perhaps hundreds of billions of dollars in bad
investments. This threatens to undermine global confidence in
the solvency of the Fed itself and accelerate the stark fall of
the US dollar on world currency markets.</p>
<p>It is now broadly acknowledged that the current financial crisis
is the worst since the stock market crash of 1929 that ushered
in the Great Depression. “NBC Nightly News” led its
coverage Monday night with the assertion that the moves surrounding
the buyout of Bear Stearns were of a type “not seen since
the Great Depression.”</p>
<p>In a column published Monday in the <i>Financial Times </i>of
London, former Federal Reserve Chairman Alan Greenspan wrote:
“The current financial crisis in the US is likely to be judged
in retrospect as the most wrenching since the end of the Second
World War.”</p>
<p>There are those within the US corporate and financial establishment
who are harshly critical of the actions by the Fed and the Bush
administration, on the grounds that they are seriously undermining
the dollar and the global position of American capitalism. The
<i>Wall Street Journal </i>published an editorial Monday that
began: “In the credit market panic that began in August,
we have now reached the point of maximum danger: A global run
on the dollar that could become a rout.”</p>
<p>The <i>Journal </i>went on to complain that “the Fed’s
main achievement so far has been to stir a global lack of confidence
in the greenback... The Fed needs to restore its monetary credibility
or today’s panic could become tomorrow’s crash.”</p>
<p>There were also criticisms from some quarters that the Fed’s
intervention was interfering in the operations of the “free
markets.” However, most analysts insisted that the action
was necessary because of the state of world financial markets.
A complete collapse of Bear Stearns would have led to a fire sale
of its assets and a cascading effect across financial markets,
as the value of all financial assets was marked down, undermining
the balance sheets of other major banks and financial institutions,
all of which have made similar investments to Bear Stearns.</p>
<p>According to the <i>New York Times</i>, had Bear been allowed
to sink, this would have resulted in a “wholesale dumping
of mortgage securities and other assets” onto a market where
credit is frozen, resulting in a “tsunami” that would
swamp hedge funds and brokerage firms.</p>
<p>Reporting on the discussions between Fed Chairman Ben Bernanke
and other Fed governors with Treasury Secretary Henry Paulson
and Undersecretary Robert Steel, the <i>Wall Street Journal</i>
noted: “If they allowed Bear to fail, the rest of Wall Street
could have been dragged down with it. A major financial institution
would have gone from being worth $8 billion to worthless, overnight.”
This could have led to a complete freeze on lending, dragging
other Wall Street banks under and sparking a stock market collapse
of “1987 proportions,” causing “untold damage”
to the US economy.</p>
<p>There are growing concerns that the response of the Federal
Reserve Board—cutting interest rates and the provision of
credit to the banks—is becoming completely ineffective. Former
Treasury Secretary Lawrence Summers has warned that “the
principal policy tool on which we have relied—the Federal
Reserve lending to banks in one form or another” is like
“fighting a virus with antibiotics.” He and John Lipsky,
a top official at the International Monetary Fund, have suggested
that public funds will be needed to bail out the US financial
system.</p>
<p>As many analysts have pointed out, the inability of the Fed
to resolve the crisis by pumping in more credit stems from the
fact that the central problem confronting the financial system
is not one of liquidity, but of solvency.</p>
<p>The crisis has its immediate origins in the fall of home prices
which started in 2006 and has accelerated since then. This has
resulted in tens of billions of dollars being wiped off the value
of mortgage-backed securities held by the banks and investment
houses, which no amount of interest rate cuts or additional credit
will restore. The only way this solvency crisis would end is if
home prices started to rise. But with the US economy entering
a recession—possibly the deepest since World War Two, according
to Harvard economist Martin Feldstein—home prices will continue
to decline, further deepening the financial crisis.</p>
<p>The dependence of the global banks on the mortgage-backed securities
business is indicated by the fact that the total issuance of these
securities, which stood at $16.4 billion in 1998, had risen to
$366 billion by 2007. Bear Stearns was only the eighteenth largest
underwriter of these securities last year, meaning that many other
institutions could go the same way.</p>
<p>The crisis they confront is compounded by the fact that there
is no real valuation of the assets they hold, and therefore virtually
no buyers if they went to sell them in order to raise cash. According
to the <i>New York Times</i>, as of November 30 last year, Bear
Stearns had on its books $46 billion worth of mortgages and mortgage-backed
and asset-backed securities. Its annual report stated that $29
billion worth of these assets were valued using computer models
“derived from” or “supported by” some kind
of observable market data, while the value of the remaining $17
billion was based on estimates from “internally developed
models or methodologies utilizing significant inputs that are
generally less readily observable.”</p>
<p>The methods used at Bear Stearns extend across the global finance
and banking system, meaning that hundreds of billions of dollars
in asset-backed securities are literally fictitious capital.</p>
<center><strong>The historical roots of the crisis</strong></center>
<p>While the immediate cause of the financial crisis is the collapse
of the subprime mortgage market, its historical roots lie in the
changes in the physiognomy of US and world capitalism over the
past three decades.</p>
<p>The 60 years since the end of World War Two fall roughly into
two halves. In the first period, the American capitalist economy
was characterized by the dominance of its manufacturing industry.
In the second half, it has been characterized by ever-increasing
financialization.</p>
<p>This process has seen the creation of a vast mountain of credit
and the development of a mode of accumulation in which the profits
of major banks and financial institutions are increasingly separated
from actual production processes and obtained by ever-more complex
financial operations and manipulation. This mode of accumulation
is centered in the United States, but the financial crisis which
has now erupted there is not simply an American issue. Rather,
it is the expression in the American financial system—the
heart of the world economy—of a crisis of the global capitalist
order.</p>
<p>While the unfolding disaster has come as a surprise to so many
of the Wall Street experts, one can find in the first chapter
of Volume II of Marx’s <i>Capital</i> a very timely insight
into the background of the crisis. Karl Marx made the point that
for the possessor of money capital (the banks and financial houses):
“the process of production appears merely as an unavoidable
intermediate link, as a necessary evil for the sake of money-making.
All nations with a capitalist mode of production are therefore
seized periodically by a feverish attempt to make money without
the intervention of the process of production.” The process
depicted here as “periodical” by Marx has now become
a permanent feature of American capitalism.</p>
<p>This has now led to the situation where fraud, manipulation
and outright criminality have become a central feature of the
process of wealth accumulation. When the share market bubble burst
in 2000-2001, some of these methods came to light with the collapse
of Enron and WorldCom. But far from being ended, they were extended
on an even broader scale in the next period.</p>
<p>The response of the Fed to the implosion of the share market
bubble was the same as it had been in all previous periods of
turmoil, starting with the Wall Street plunge of October 1987.
It lowered interest rates and pumped more credit into the financial
system. This process led to the housing price bubble which accelerated
rapidly after the 2000-2001 recession. It saw the emergence of
the fraudulent practices associated with “teaser rates,”
“liar loans” and the packaging of debts of dubious quality
into exotic financial instruments. These were then given AAA ratings
by the credit-rating agencies which themselves stood to gain from
the growth of these ever-more dubious financial practices.</p>
<p>Far from the claims of the “free market” boosters
that deregulation has promoted transparency, the financial system
has been marked by increasing deception and cover-up. Over the
past decade, the volume of financial contracts which are not traded
on any major exchange and are completely unregulated has increased
rapidly, with trade in derivative contracts tied to stocks and
bonds taking place in transactions between financial institutions.
And in conditions where, as exemplified by the balance sheet of
Bear Stearns, “value” is derived from internally generated
computer models, it is only a short step to deliberate deception.</p>
<p>In fact, one of the reasons for the credit crunch is that the
major banks and finance houses do not believe what they are being
told by each other, and so refuse to make credit available.</p>
<center><strong>The post-war evolution of the capitalist economy</strong></center>
<p>The eruption of financial manipulation and criminality, while
of major significance, is not itself the cause of the crisis.
Rather, the events taking place at the heights of capitalist economy
and society are the product of historical changes in the structure
of the world capitalist economy.</p>
<p>It is these processes which have led to the prospect of a re-emergence
of the type of social and economic conditions which characterized
the 1920s and 1930s, and which eventually led to the eruption
of World War Two.</p>
<p>The restabilization of the world economy after the devastation
of the Great Depression and the war was grounded on the strength
of US capitalism. It laid the basis for the reconstitution of
the world market, after it had virtually disappeared in the 1930s,
made possible the re-establishment of an international monetary
and financial system under the Bretton Woods Agreement of 1944,
and enabled the rebuilding of the European economy via the Marshall
Plan of 1947.</p>
<p>The consequent extension to the rest of the advanced capitalist
countries of the more productive methods of American industry
made possible the upswing in the rate of profit which laid the
foundations for the post-war economic boom.</p>
<p>But notwithstanding all the claims of bourgeois economists
during the boom that Keynesian economics—based on government
intervention to control interest rates and the level of aggregate
demand—had ended forever the type of crisis which had exploded
in the 1930s, the contradictions of the capitalist mode of production
were not overcome. They signaled their re-emergence with a fall
in the rate of profit from the end of the 1960s and the accumulating
problems of the international monetary system, which led in 1971
to the removal of the gold backing from the US dollar and the
ending of fixed currency relationships in 1973.</p>
<p>The 1960s and early 1970s saw an eruption of struggles by the
working class in every country—a movement of potentially
revolutionary dimensions which was contained only through the
betrayals of the Stalinist, social democratic and trade union
leaderships of the working class.</p>
<p>The containment of this movement provided the necessary political
foundations for the vast reorganization of world capitalism which
began at the end of the 1970s and the beginning of the 1980s.
The “Volcker shock” of 1979, which saw the lifting of
real interest rates to unprecedented levels and the imposition
of the deepest recession since the 1930s, was the start of a restructuring
of the US economy based on the shutting down of unprofitable sections
of industry and a continuous offensive against the working class,
starting with the destruction of the air traffic controllers union
in 1981.</p>
<p>This offensive was coupled with the development of new computer-based
methods of production and management aimed at cutting costs and
thereby increasing profits. The impact of these measures was to
be seen in the fact that average real wages for American workers
underwent a continuous decline from 1973 to the end of the 1990s,
whereupon a brief rise was followed by further decline which began
in 2001.</p>
<p>While these measures played an important role, the most significant
shift in the structure of the world capitalist economy has been
the opening up of vast resources and pools of cheap labor in China
and other regions of the world following the collapse of the Soviet
Union and the Stalinist regimes at the beginning of the 1990s.</p>
<p>The exploitation of these resources enabled the world capitalist
economy to enjoy an upswing following the recession of the early
1990s—although one marked by increasing instability, as revealed
in the Asian economic crisis of 1997-98.</p>
<p>The hollowing out of the American economy—the rise of
finance and destruction of the manufacturing industry—and
the establishment of vast new production facilities in China and
elsewhere are two sides of a global process which has increased
economic growth in the past decade-and-a-half.</p>
<p>The expansion of credit in the US and the creation of a series
of booms—the share market bubble, the dot.com bubble and
the housing boom—have sustained the markets necessary for
the expansion of production from China and other cheap-labor countries.</p>
<p>At the same time the lowering of production costs resulting
from the transfer of manufacturing to these cheap-labor regions
has enabled the US Federal Reserve to maintain the low interest
rate monetary regime necessary for the creation of credit-based
booms.</p>
<p>But these very processes, which led to increased growth over
the past period, have now created the conditions for a global
economic crisis which threatens to plunge hundreds of millions
of people into a disaster.</p>
<p>The massive investments in China, and the increased demand
for raw materials it has produced, have produced a resurgence
of global inflation. This upsurge in prices is also being fueled
by the continuous fall in the value of the dollar. At the same
time, the dollar is continuing to slump because of the Fed’s
cuts in interest rates, aimed at sustaining the financial system.
In short, the processes which created the upswing of an earlier
period are working in reverse.</p>
<p>In the US, the unending assault on the social conditions of
the working class and the exhaustion of the “coping mechanisms”
developed over the past three decades to sustain family incomes—the
entry of greater numbers of women into the workforce, the extension
of work hours and the use of household mortgages to finance expenditure—threaten
a reduction in consumption spending, leading to deepening recession.</p>
<p>The continuous weakening of the US dollar is not only boosting
inflation, it is threatening to spark a reversal of the $2 billion
daily inflow of foreign capital which is needed to finance the
American financial system.</p>
<p>Apart from its immediate economic impact, the decline of the
US dollar is the expression of a broader historical transformation.
Last week, as the dollar fell below $1.56 to the euro, the US
lost its title of world’s biggest economy to the euro zone.
This is not merely of symbolic significance.</p>
<p>The post-war restabilization of capitalism and the consequent
boom depended on the strength of the US economy. But for a considerable
period, at least since the early 1980s, the global position of
American capitalism has been steadily weakening. This decline,
however, has been covered over to a considerable extent by the
fact that the US dollar has still functioned as the pre-eminent
global currency. The dollar’s role as world currency conferred
enormous advantages on the US and boosted its financial system,
to give it the appearance of a strength it did not have.</p>
<p>Now the underlying weakness has exploded to the surface as
the value of the dollar collapses against all major currencies.</p>
<center><strong>The necessity for a socialist program</strong></center>
<p>The eruption of the American financial crisis is an event of
profound importance for the US and international working class.</p>
<p>Whatever its immediate outcome, it signifies that the fundamental
contradictions of the capitalist profit system, whose eruption
saw hundreds of millions of workers, youth and the best sections
of the intelligentsia enter the road of struggle for international
socialism in the 1920s and 1930s, are maturing once again.</p>
<p>The political tasks which confront the working class center
on the fight for an international socialist program which aims
at ending the subordination of the economy to the dictates of
private profit and utilizing the vast wealth which is created
by the labor of working people the world over for the benefit
of all.</p>
<p>The financial crisis unfolds in a presidential election year
in the US, and yet none of the prospective candidates of the two
major parties has anything to say about the financial swindling
of the banks or the increasingly dire consequences for tens of
millions of Americans. The incumbent president, George Bush, attempts
to pass off the growing catastrophe as a “rough patch.”
This in itself demonstrates that both parties are nothing other
than instruments of the financial aristocracy.</p>
<p>For the past two decades, the high priests and publicists of
the capitalist system have used the collapse of the counterrevolutionary
and bureaucratic Stalinist regimes in the Soviet Union and Eastern
Europe as the basis for an incessant campaign declaring that socialism
is finished and that the capitalist market, based on private ownership
and profit, and the division of the world into competing nation
states, is the only historically possible form of economic organization.</p>
<p>This historic lie now stands exposed. It is as worthless as
the exotic debt products which were passed off by the banks and
finance houses as representing real value.</p>
<p>The fight for a socialist program can go forward only through
a political struggle against the nostrums advanced by those who
claim that a return to Keynesian measures, based on greater government
control and regulation while leaving private ownership intact,
can provide a solution.</p>
<p>The historical record shows that it was the failure of these
measures in the 1970s which paved the way for the “free market”
program which has led to the present crisis.</p>
<p>The working people in the US and the world over cannot allow
their fate to be determined by the operations of a financial system
which threatens them with catastrophe. They must take matters
in their own hands.</p>
<p>They must unite across all national borders to fight for a
socialist solution to the crisis, at the center of which is the
demand that the entire financial system be taken out of private
hands and placed under public ownership, subject to full public
accountability and democratic control.</p>
<p>The rich and super-rich, along with their representatives in
the media, will denounce any such program as not viable because
it violates the dominance of private property. But the disaster
created by their policies and their stewardship of the social
order over which they preside means they have lost any right to
direct the future economic organization and activity of society.</p>
<p>For a whole historic period there has been an attempt to deny
the scientific analysis of Marx that the development of capitalist
society is governed by objective laws which necessarily lead to
a social and economic crisis, posing the need for a higher form
of social organization. But those laws, hidden from view in the
“normal” operation of the capitalist economy, have now
come to the surface in precisely the manner described by Marx,
just as the “law of gravity ... asserts itself when a house
falls about our ears.”</p>
<p>A new political era has been opened up by the eruption of the
American financial crisis in which the working class must secure
its future and that of mankind as a whole through the struggle
for an international socialist program. This is the perspective
of the Socialist Equality Party and the International Committee
of the Fourth International.</p>
<p>See Also:<br>
<a href="http://www.wsws.org/articles/2008/mar2008/bear-m17.shtml">After the Bear Stearns bailout: Fears
of more Wall Street failures<br>
</a>[17 March 2008]<br>
<a href="http://www.wsws.org/articles/2008/mar2008/bear-m15.shtml">Fed rescue of Bear Stearns raises specter
of Depression-era crash<br>
</a>[15 March 2008]<br>
<a href="http://www.wsws.org/articles/2008/jan2008/nbe1-j31.shtml">The world crisis of capitalism
and the prospects for socialism<br>
<i>Part one</i></a><i> <a href="http://www.wsws.org/articles/2008/feb2008/nbe2-f01.shtml">Part
two</a> <a href="http://www.wsws.org/articles/2008/feb2008/nbe3-f02.shtml">Part three</a> <a href="http://www.wsws.org/articles/2008/feb2008/nbe4-f04.shtml">Part four</a> <a href="http://www.wsws.org/articles/2008/feb2008/nbe5-f05.shtml">Part
five</a></i></p></html>
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<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;" align="center"><font face="Impact, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 16pt;" size="4"><i><u>The
Sound Professionals - </u></i></font></font><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 16pt;" size="4"><i><u><b>Quick
Start Guide to Sony HiMD recorders</b></u></i></font></font></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><br>
</p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1">You
probably want to try out your new recorder right away and we’ll bet
that the last thing you want to do right now is to read that
one-inch-thick manual. Here is a short procedure you can use to setup
your recorder for optimum results for live recording. These are just
the basics, but it will get you started………</font></font><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1"><b>To
begin, install the battery (following the polarity marked on the
recorder) and plug in the A/C adapter. In case you are not familiar
with the symbols on the buttons, here is what they mean:</b></font></font></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><br>
</p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;">►<font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font size="2"><b>-
“</b></font></font><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1"><b>Play”
or “enter” if pushed down and “scroll” if rolled up or down</b></font></font></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;">►► <font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font size="2"><b>-
“</b></font></font><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1"><b>Fast
forward” (if held down), “skip ahead” one track (short push
down) or “raise recording level” (when using manual rec levels)</b></font></font></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;">◄◄ <font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font size="2"><b>-
“</b></font></font><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1"><b>Rewind”
(if held down), “skip back” one track (short push down) or “lower
recording level” (when using manual rec levels)</b></font></font></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;">■ – “<font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1"><b>Stop”
if in play mode, “Cancel” if in the menu mode and “Charge
battery” if recorder is off</b></font></font></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font size="2"><b>ll
– “</b></font></font><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1"><b>Pause”</b></font></font></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1"><b>Red
button is “record”</b></font></font></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><br>
</p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1"><u><b>Setting
up the menus (this section is for all recording situations - complete
these steps first):</b></u></font></font></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"> <font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1">1-Enter
the menu by pushing and holding the </font></font><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1"><i><b>search/menu
button</b></i></font></font><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1">
down until the menu screen appears</font></font></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1">2-Scroll
down to the </font></font><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1"><i><b>option</b></i></font></font><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1">
setting and push </font></font><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1"><i><b>enter</b></i></font></font></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1">3-Scroll
to the </font></font><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1"><i><b>menu
mode</b></i></font></font><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1">
setting and push </font></font><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1"><i><b>enter</b></i></font></font></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1">4-Move
the arrow to </font></font><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1"><i><b>Advanced</b></i></font></font><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1">
and push </font></font><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1"><i><b>enter</b></i></font></font><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1">
to save</font></font></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1">5-Enter
the menu by pushing and holding the </font></font><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1"><i><b>search/menu
button</b></i></font></font><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1">
down until the menu screen appears</font></font></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1">6-Scroll
down to </font></font><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1"><i><b>REC
settings</b></i></font></font><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1">
and push </font></font><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1"><i><b>enter</b></i></font></font></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1">7-Scroll
down to </font></font><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1"><i><b>group
rec</b></i></font></font><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1">
and push </font></font><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1"><i><b>enter</b></i></font></font></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1">8-Move
arrow to </font></font><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1"><i><b>off</b></i></font></font><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1">
and push </font></font><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1"><i><b>enter</b></i></font></font></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1">9-Push
and </font></font><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1"><u>hold</u></font></font><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1">
the </font></font><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1"><i><b>red
record button</b></i></font></font><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1">,
and while holding record, push </font></font><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1"><i><b>pause</b></i></font></font><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1">.
The recorder will enter the “record pause” mode</font></font></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1">10-Enter
the menu by pushing and holding the </font></font><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1"><i><b>search/menu
button</b></i></font></font><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1">
down until the menu screen appears</font></font></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1">11-Scroll
down to </font></font><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1"><i><b>REC
Settings</b></i></font></font><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1">
and push </font></font><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1"><i><b>enter</b></i></font></font></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1">12-Scroll
to </font></font><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1"><i><b>REC
mode</b></i></font></font><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1">
and push </font></font><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1"><i><b>enter</b></i></font></font></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1">13-Move
arrow to </font></font><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1"><i><b>PCM</b></i></font></font><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1">
and push </font></font><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1"><i><b>enter</b></i></font></font></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1">14-Push
“stop”</font></font></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><br>
</p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1"><b>From
here, you need to determine what type of recording you want to do –
into the mic input, or into the line input. See both options below to
decide:</b></font></font></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><br>
</p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1"><u><b>Option
1: Setting up the menus for recording with a mic plugged into the mic
input (situations that range from quiet to moderately loud) using
Auto Gain (AGC)</b></u></font></font></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1">1-
Enter the </font></font><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1"><i><b>menu</b></i></font></font><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1">
again</font></font></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1">2-Scroll
down to </font></font><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1"><i><b>REC
settings</b></i></font></font><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1">
and push </font></font><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1"><i><b>enter</b></i></font></font></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1">3-Scroll
down to </font></font><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1"><i><b>MIC
AGC</b></i></font></font><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1">
and push </font></font><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1"><i><b>enter</b></i></font></font></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1">4-Move
arrow to </font></font><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1"><i><b>Standard</b></i></font></font><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1">
and push </font></font><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1"><i><b>enter</b></i></font></font></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1">5-Enter
</font></font><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1"><i><b>menu</b></i></font></font><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1">
again </font></font>
</p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1">6-Scroll
down to </font></font><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1"><i><b>REC
settings</b></i></font></font><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1">
and push </font></font><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1"><i><b>enter</b></i></font></font></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1">7-Scroll
down to </font></font><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1"><i><b>MIC
sens</b></i></font></font><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1">
and push </font></font><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1"><i><b>enter</b></i></font></font></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1">8-Move
arrow to </font></font><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1"><i><b>sens
low</b></i></font></font><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1">
and push </font></font><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1"><i><b>enter</b></i></font></font></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"> </p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1">All
of the menu settings changed so far will be saved even when the
recorder is turned off and you won't have to mess with them again
(unless you want to). </font></font>
</p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><br>
</p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1">When
you are ready to start recording, push and hold the red record button
and push “play”. When you are finished, push “stop”. To
listen to your recording, push “play”. Adjust the volume level up
or down with the “VOL” button. To stop playback, push “stop”.</font></font></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><br>
</p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1"><u><b>Option
2: Setting up the menus for recording loud sounds, audio from a line
level device or any audio with a very strong signal level into the
line input using manual levels</b></u></font></font></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><br>
</p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1"><b>Note:
You will need to use the line input (labeled “optical line in” on
the recorder – it’s both digital optical in and analog line in).
If you were to try to record something very loud into the mic input,
the input would overload (called “brickwalling”). We suggest
using the manual recording levels (</b></font></font><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1"><i><b>highly</b></i></font></font><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1"><b>
recommend if you are recording music) instead of the default auto
gain (AGC) recording levels as described above. If you are using a
microphone into the line input, it must be self powered or be a
combination of mic and power supply (battery module). The line input
will not power a microphone.</b></font></font></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"> <font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1">1-Push
and </font></font><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1"><u>hold</u></font></font><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1">
the </font></font><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1"><i><b>red
record button</b></i></font></font><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1">,
and while holding record, push </font></font><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1"><i><b>pause</b></i></font></font><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1">.
The recorder will enter the “record pause” mode</font></font></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1">2-Enter
the menu by pushing and holding the </font></font><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1"><i><b>menu</b></i></font></font><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1">
button down until the menu screen appears</font></font></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1">3-Scroll
down to </font></font><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1"><i><b>REC
settings</b></i></font></font><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1">
and push </font></font><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1"><i><b>enter</b></i></font></font></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1">4-Move
arrow to </font></font><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1"><i><b>REC
level</b></i></font></font><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1">
and push </font></font><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1"><i><b>enter</b></i></font></font></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1">5-Move
arrow to </font></font><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1"><i><b>Manual</b></i></font></font><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1">
and push </font></font><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1"><i><b>enter</b></i></font></font></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1">6-Push
the “</font></font><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1"><b>◄◄</b></font></font><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1"><i><b>”
</b></i></font></font><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1">button
to lower the recording level or “</font></font><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1"><b>►►</b></font></font><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1"><i><b>”</b></i></font></font><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1">
button to raise the level. Adjust the recording level so that the
loudest peaks come close to, but do not quite illuminate, the last
bar segment of the level meter</font></font></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><br>
</p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1">When
you are ready to start recording, push </font></font><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1"><i><b>pause</b></i></font></font><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1">
to release “record pause” and start recording. If you need to
adjust levels while recording, you can do so by pushing “</font></font><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1"><b>◄◄”
or </b></font></font><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1">“</font></font><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1"><b>►►”.
</b></font></font><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1">If
you push </font></font><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1"><i><b>stop</b></i></font></font><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1">,
the recording level control is set back to auto gain (AGC) and you
will need to repeat this procedure from step 1 if you want to set
recording levels manually again. However, if you push pause instead
of stop, the manual recording level control will not be defeated.</font></font></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><br>
</p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1">When
you are finished, push “stop”. To listen to your recording, push
“play”. Adjust the volume level up or down with the “VOL”
button. To stop playback, push “stop”.</font></font></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><br>
</p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1">If
you have questions, check the manual for details. If you need help
with basic functions, please call us at 609-267-4400. If you need
help with computer related problems, please call Sony support at
</font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 8pt;" size="1">1-866-456-7669</font></font></font></p>
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Permaculture People’s Party
The Permaculture People’s Party , by Bill Mollison (Papers and Proposals)
The Clarion Call.
Preamble: Many of us, and all of us trained in good design for houses and farms, feel disgusted with the present political systems, which seem to prefer war to peace, and want or hunger to plenty. We feel we must act to reverse this intellectual decay and consequent global deterioration.
If we gather our friends, and students of good design, we vastly out-number the few who have joined “left right” parties. We can take control. We can legislate to restore the earth, to save and generate forests, to secure water and clean food supplies, and to live to assist all people to survive, not to war on them.
All permaculture graduates know how to design life-enhancing houses and farms. Many are involved in aid programmes, or consult with landowners and builders. We have, in effect, many thousands of people–years of experience in building sustainable systems. We have served our apprenticeship as worthy designers of living systems.
Thus, we believe it is time to take charge of legislating for sustainable living. Why should we, the majority, put up with the stupidities of the Liberal/ Labour, Republican/ Democrat, Tory /Socialist dichotomies, whose efforts are to defeat each other, not to assist all people?
No, we must now vote them all out, and start the urgent repair of society and the earth itself. Oil men, coal miners, and wood chippers can between them destroy all of us, for greed. In this, they are assisted by “our government”. To tolerate this is madness. To tolerate the use of biocides is ridiculous, and to subsidise destructive industries is stupidity. We must act for sanity and earth-care. Permaculture ethics require us to care for the earth. The permaculture lifestyle requires us to help others to care for themselves. Our ethics and lifestyle are the very best training for responsible government.
By supporting public trusts, Holland has greatly reduced and in fact largely eliminated the ‘public service’ (read: public stumbling block) to a very few people, thus, we must see the real function of government not to invent policies, but to discover existing policies that work well for problem solutions.
Most politicians arise from sportsmen, public broadcasters, film stars, lawyers, and businessmen. None of these can be trusted to evolve sensible policy; almost all of them operate on conviction based on personal beliefs. (no basis for sustainable society)
No, policy must be based on well-researched, extant, working models, and constantly refined by feedback from all levels of users or “consumers” of that policy. For instance, Finland is noted for the excellence of early education, Denmark for the volume of exports based on research, Sweden for developing energy systems that eliminate radio active wastes, or the risks of atomic energy. And so on……….
Bangladesh has a wonderful system for lending to the poor, involving small loans, support circles for repayments, and good advice. There are very few ‘bad loans’. We all need to adopt local cash management, credit unions, mini banks, economies of fair exchange of services and goods, not taxed expenditure. We do not live to support public servants and bankers in luxury, or politicians in great comfort, or C.E.Os in obscene wealth. No, it takes too much misery to keep a few manipulators too fat. We live to help our families and neighbours live a sustainable existence. This is what “policy” must be about.
This entry was posted on Sunday, December 16th, 2007 at 9:11 pm and is filed under Uncategorized. You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0 feed. You can leave a response, or trackback from your own site.
Source: [[Tagari » Blog Archive » Permaculture People’s Party|http://www.tagari.com/?p=206]]
Robert Brenner: A devastating economic crisis unfolds
Robert Brenner
25 January 2008
The current crisis could well turn out to be the most devastating since the Great Depression of the 1930s. It manifests profound, unresolved problems in the real economy that have been — literally — papered over by debt for decades, as well as a shorter term financial crunch of a depth unseen since World War II.
Historic bull runs of the financial markets in the 1980s, 1990s and 2000s — with their epoch-making transfer of income and wealth to the richest 1% of the population — have distracted attention from the actual long-term weakening of the advanced capitalist economies.
Economic performance in the US, western Europe and Japan, by virtually every standard indicator — the growth of output, investment, employment and wages — has deteriorated, decade by decade, business cycle by business cycle, since 1973.
The years since the start of the current cycle, which originated in early 2001, have been worst of all. GDP growth in the US has been the slowest for any comparable interval since the end of the 1940s, while the increase of new plant and equipment and the creation of jobs have been one-third and two-thirds, respectively, below postwar averages. Real hourly wages for production and non-supervisory workers, about 80% of the labour force, have stayed roughly flat, languishing at about their level of 1979.
Long slowdown
The declining economic dynamism of the advanced capitalist world is rooted in a major drop in profitability, caused primarily by a chronic tendency to overcapacity in the world manufacturing sector, going back to the late 1960s and early 1970s. By 2000, in the US, Japan and Germany, the rate of profit in the private economy had yet to make a comeback, rising no higher in the 1990s cycle than in that of the 1970s.
With reduced profitability, firms had smaller profits to add to their plant and equipment, as well as smaller incentives to expand. The perpetuation of reduced profitability since the 1970s led to a steady fall-off in investment, as a proportion of GDP, across the advanced capitalist economies, as well as step-by-step reductions in the growth of output, means of production, and employment.
The long slowdown in capital accumulation, as well as corporations’ repression of wages to restore their rates of return, along with governments’ cuts in social spending to buttress capitalist profits, have resulted in a slowdown in the growth of investment, consumer and government demand, and thus in the growth of demand as a whole.
To counter the persistent weakness of aggregate demand, governments have seen little choice but to underwrite ever greater volumes of debt, through ever more varied and baroque channels, to keep the economy turning over.
Initially, during the 1970s and 1980s, states were obliged to incur ever larger public deficits to sustain growth. But while keeping the economy relatively stable, these deficits also rendered it increasingly stagnant.
In the early 1990s, in both the US and Europe, governments attempted to move to balanced budgets. But although this fact does not loom large in most accounts of the period, this dramatic shift radically backfired.
Because profitability had still failed to recover, the deficit reductions brought about by budget balancing resulted in a huge hit to aggregate demand, with the result that during the first half of the 1990s, both the EU and Japan experienced devastating recessions, the worst of the postwar period, and the US economy experienced the so-called jobless recovery.
Since the middle 1990s, the US has consequently been obliged to resort to more powerful and risky forms of stimulus to counter the tendency to stagnation. In particular, it replaced the public deficits of traditional Keynesianism with the private deficits and asset inflation of what might be called asset-price Keynesianism, or simply “bubblenomics”.
In the great stockmarket run-up of the 1990s, corporations and wealthy households saw their wealth on paper massively expand. They were therefore enabled to embark upon a record-breaking increase in borrowing and, on this basis, to sustain a powerful expansion of investment and consumption. The so-called new economy boom was the direct expression of the historic equity price bubble of the years 1995-2000.
But since equity prices rose in defiance of falling profit rates and since new investment exacerbated industrial overcapacity, there quickly ensued the stockmarket crash and recession of 2000-2001, depressing profitability in the non-financial sector to its lowest level since 1980.
Undeterred, the US Federal Reserve, aided by the other major central banks, countered the new cyclical downturn with another round in the inflation of asset prices, and this has essentially brought us to where we are today. By reducing real short-term interest rates to zero for three years, they facilitated an historically unprecedented explosion of household borrowing, which contributed to and fed on rocketing house prices and household wealth.
World housing bubble
According to London Economist,, the world housing bubble between 2000 and 2005 was the biggest of all time, outrunning even that of 1929. It made possible a steady rise in consumer spending and residential investment, which together drove the expansion.
Personal consumption plus housing construction accounted for 90-100% of the growth of US GDP in the first five years of the current business cycle. During the same interval, the housing sector alone, according to Moody’s Economy.com, was responsible for raising the growth of GDP by almost 50% above what it would otherwise been — 2.3% rather than 1.6%.
The rise in debt-supported consumer demand, as well as super-cheap credit more generally, not only revived the US economy but, especially by driving a new surge in imports and the increase of the current account (balance of payments and trade) deficit to record levels, powered what has appeared to be an impressive global economic expansion.
But if consumers did their part, the same cannot be said for private business, despite the record economic stimulus.
The Fed had blown up the housing bubble to give the corporations time to work off their excess capital and resume investing. But instead, focusing on restoring their profit rates, corporations unleashed a brutal offensive against workers.
The corporations raised productivity growth, not so much by increasing investment in advanced plant and equipment as by radically cutting back on jobs and compelling the employees who remained to take up the slack. Holding down wages as they squeezed more output per person, they appropriated to themselves in the form of profits an historically unprecedented share of the increase that took place in non-financial GDP.
Non-financial corporations, during this expansion, have raised their profit rates significantly, but still not back to the already reduced levels of the 1990s. Moreover, in view of the degree to which the ascent of the profit rate was achieved simply by way of raising the rate of exploitation — making workers work more and paying them less per hour — there has been reason to doubt how long it could continue.
But above all, in improving profitability by holding down job creation, investment and wages, US businesses have held down the growth of aggregate demand and thereby undermined their own incentive to expand.
Simultaneously, instead of increasing investment, productiveness and employment to increase profits, firms have sought to exploit the hyper-low cost of borrowing to improve their own and their shareholders’ position by way of financial manipulation — paying off their debts, paying out dividends, and buying their own stocks to drive up their value, particularly in the form of an enormous wave of mergers and acquisitions.
Over the last four or five years, both dividends and stock repurchases as a share of retained earnings have exploded to their highest levels of the postwar epoch.
Bursting bubbles
The bottom line is that, since 2000 we have witnessed the slowest growth in the real economy since World War II and the greatest expansion of the financial or paper economy in US history. You don’t need a Marxist to tell you that this can’t go on.
Of course, just as the stock market bubble of the 1990s eventually burst, the housing bubble eventually crashed. As a consequence, the film of housing-driven expansion that we viewed during the cyclical upturn is now running in reverse.
Just as the positive wealth effect of the housing bubble drove the economy forward, the negative effect of the housing crash is driving it backward. With the value of their residences declining, households can no longer treat their houses like ATM machines, and household borrowing is collapsing, and thus households are having to consume less.
The underlying danger is that, no longer able to putatively “save” through their rising housing values, US households will suddenly begin to actually save, driving up the rate of personal savings, now at the lowest level in history, and pulling down consumption.
Understanding how the end of the housing bubble would affect consumers’ purchasing power, firms cut back on their hiring, with the result that employment growth fell significantly from early in 2007.
Well before the financial crisis hit last summer, the expansion was on its last legs.
Vastly complicating the downturn and making it so very dangerous is, of course, the sub-prime debacle which arose as direct extension of the housing bubble. The mechanisms linking unscrupulous mortgage lending on a titanic scale, mass housing foreclosures, the collapse of the market in securities backed up by sub-prime mortgages, and the crisis of the great banks who directly held such huge quantities of these securities, require a separate discussion.
One can simply say by way of conclusion, because banks’ losses are so real, already enormous, and likely to grow much greater as the downturn gets worse, that the economy faces the prospect, unprecedented in the postwar period, of a freezing up of credit at the very moment of sliding into recession — and that governments face a problem of unparalleled difficulty in preventing this outcome.
[Abridged from Against The Current, January-February 2008. Robert Brenner is a member of the ATC editorial board and author of The Economics of Global Turbulence.]
Loose Cannons
1 March 2008 In denial
“Federal Reserve Chairman Ben Bernanke and Treasury Secretary Henry Paulson both acknowledged problems in the US economy Thursday, but both said they believe the nation will avoid falling into recession… Bernanke said he believes major banks and Wall Street firms are likely to take additional earnings hits tied to bad investments in subprime mortgages … But he added he’s not worried about bank failures because he thinks banks entered the current downturn with sufficient capital and have been able to raise additional funds.” — CNNMoney.com, February 14.
Reality bites
“In testimony before the [US] Senate banking committee, Bernanke said the US economy is in a worse position now than it was before the recession in 2001 … He also warned of the likelihood of ‘some bank failures’ in the US … ‘With initial jobless claims getting closer to the 400,000 a week mark, the odds clearly favour a recession at some point in the first half [of the year]’, he said.” — Forbes.com, February 28.
Perfect storm
“Companies ranging from homebuilders to automakers are cutting staff as the biggest housing slump in a quarter century pushes the economy close to a recession. The weakening labor market is eroding consumer spending, adding headwinds to growth.” — Bloomberg.com, February 28, reporting that 373,000 US workers made first-time claims for unemployment benefits in the week ending February 23 — a level equal to the four-week average in the month before the last US recession officially began in March 2001.
From Socialist Alternative....
Why the capitalist system breeds economic crisis
Mick Armstrong
There is a growing consensus among economists that the US is headed for or is already in recession. But there is still considerable disagreement about the scale of the recession.
Some claim it will be a mere blip - a necessary correction to market exuberance and inflated housing prices. Growth will then resume on a more sustainable basis. Just as many economists paint catastrophic scenarios. The London Financial Times argues:
"Primordial fear will be slow to set in as everyone still believes in the Goldilocks read Pollyanna future. Millions of Americans will undergo cutbacks in salary, others will lose jobs. People will learn to work with their hands again. Class and racial struggles will erupt with greater intensity.
"Foreclosures and bankruptcies will reach all-time records. Overproduced, overconsumed luxury items will hit the market, each competing in price-dropping to find the bottom first.
"The mutual plotting society within the financials and world banking will exhaust all efforts at propping up an unsustainable false picture of the economy. When they crack, CRASH! Then the markets will revert to a barbaric equilibrium. Tremendous wealth will be destroyed across all spectrums of society."
I repeat, this is not a quote from Karl Marx but from the London Financial Times - one of the world's most eminent bourgeois mouthpieces. This is not to say that its prediction is correct. It is too early to tell and Marxists have no crystal ball.
Even if there is a sharp US recession we can't be sure whether it will pull down the rest of the world. Some analysts argue that the China connection means Australia will suffer little impact. What we do know is that the heads of Europe's central banks are extremely nervous.
Either way, the Financial Times article highlights what a chaotic, brutal and destructive system capitalism is. If this is what apologists for capitalism think of their system, the case could not be clearer for abolishing it root and branch and ushering in a new egalitarian social system - a socialist society in which the scenario they paint would not be possible.
How are we to understand the turmoil in the US economy? A crisis which started in the sub-prime property market and has engulfed the rest of the property market, the banks and other financial institutions and is now threatening to drag down the real economy - the productive core of US capitalism.
We need to start first not with the surface phenomena - the gyrations on the markets - but with the fundamentals of capitalism. Capitalism is a system based on the exploitation of workers' labour by a tiny class of capitalists who control the key means of production: the factories, mines, transport and communications industries.
Workers are paid considerably less than the value of what they produce for sale on the market. It is this surplus value - the difference between what workers are paid and the value of what they produce - that fuels the system; that produces the profits necessary for firms to invest in new buildings and equipment.
But capitalism is not only an incredibly exploitative system; it is also a highly competitive one. Rival firms compete for markets. This competition between capitals compels firms to reinvest a large part of the surplus extracted from workers in new technology.
Marx showed that this process of competitive accumulation provokes crises in the system - both short and long term. In the long term the piling up of more and more capital leads to a tendency for the profit rate to decline. A decline in the profit rate makes capitalists less likely to invest in equipment and can provoke recession.
The competitive nature of capitalism also leads to a regular pattern of boom and bust - the so-called business cycle. In the boom phase capitalists cash in on expanding markets by producing more and more. New mines, factories and offices are built. Companies buy up raw materials, hire workers and take out loans to finance expansion.
For a period the boom feeds off itself. Profits skyrocket. Investors have a field day as the stock market surges. But because capitalism is an anarchic, unplanned system the boom creates contradictions that eventually bring it to a grinding halt.
Increased demand for raw materials and skilled workers forces up costs, squeezing profits. Rapidly increasing demand can lead to over-investment in sectors of the economy. Because production is not planned, hundreds of office blocks are built to deal with a temporary shortage of office space, new iron mines are opened all over the world because of rising ore prices.
As every capitalist is trying to outdo their competitors by getting in first, more mines or office blocks are built than are profitable. The market is flooded and firms are forced to sell at a loss.
The boom gives way to contraction. Firms cut back production. The weakest go to the wall. Workers are sacked. This worsens the slump as sacked workers cut their spending. The slump feeds off itself, flowing from one section of the economy to another and leading to more cutbacks and sackings.
Eventually the slump bottoms out as profit rates are restored. In this brutal system the surviving firms cannibalise their rivals, buying up their assets cheaply. The fall in demand lowers raw materials prices. The rate of exploitation is forced up as workers' wages are pushed down and conditions undermined.
This is a general sketch of how the boom-slump cycle works. But every boom and slump has its own unique features.
It is important to emphasise that two things are central to capitalism: the exploitation of workers and the relentless competition between firms. In the final analysis the source of profits is not the gyrations of the markets but the pumping out of surplus value at the point of production. All the banks, the insurance companies and markets do is redivide this surplus.
It is a crisis of profitability in the productive core of the system that is the cause of a slump. Sharp falls in share prices do not necessarily bring on recessions. This doesn't mean that what happens on the debt, share and equity markets and in the labyrinth of other financial institutions is irrelevant. Events there can trigger broader economic turmoil.
As capitalism aged it developed a vast array of financial institutions. Some are parasitical; others provide services to productive capitalists by marshalling finance for investment in technology and labour. The massive growth in financial intermediaries underpinned capitalist expansion. But it also introduced major destabilising elements by fuelling an unsustainable level of debt and fictitious capital.
When the boom is on the up everything seems fine. But when it clips a few hurdles it can all come crashing down.
We can see that with the sub-prime crisis. These were home loans to high-risk borrowers. The borrowers were suckered in with an initial low interest period, but when that ended many could not meet the higher interest payments. The banks thought that in a rising market they could foreclose and sell the houses at a tidy profit, but there were so many foreclosures that the property market began to spiral downwards.
The crisis was not confined to the US housing market. By way of a web of financial arrangements it spread to debt markets worldwide. US banks sold the sub-prime mortgages to foreign banks, superannuation funds and so on. So they were all drawn into the crisis.
Some banks took out mortgage insurance. But the mortgage insurance companies also invested in the sub-prime market, so they may not be able to meet their obligations. By the end of 2007 losses and write-downs at the world's biggest banks and security companies totalled $US97 billion.
This is only the tip of the iceberg. The complex interweaving of debt is so difficult to unravel that no one knows the scale of the losses or even who is in debt to whom. This makes banks fearful of lending, even to other banks. They just don't know who might go belly-up.
The drying up of credit threatens to send even profitable companies to the wall. The first to be hit will be those that depend on high levels of debt.
Already in Australia we have seen the plunge in the share price of shopping mall manager Centro after the banks refused to roll over Centro's $4 billion debt because of fears about its US investments. Centro may be forced into a fire sale of assets. Centro expanded aggressively by using a complicated structure of debt and equity to buy properties and then on-sell the debt, clearing its balance sheet for more property acquisitions using more debt. It was a structure geared for boom times when credit was easy. If credit continues to dry up, more and more companies will be burnt.
European and US central bankers have released large volumes of credit to try to shore up the debt market. This may or may not restabilise the situation. The other potential stabiliser is that investors from oil-rich countries and China are buying up US assets on the cheap. This may pWindows Live Hotmailut a floor under the US economy.
But even in the best case scenario, the sub-prime crisis is an incredible human tragedy. Millions of low-paid American workers will be forced to walk away from their homes and be left with nothing. Yet many of the company executives who came up with the scams will pocket tens of millions of dollars in bonuses even if their companies fail.
Whether the US slips into a severe recession that drags down the rest of the world or whether it experiences a mild slow-down, the sub-prime crisis has starkly revealed the true face of capitalism as a barbaric, anarchic and destructive system - a system that deserves to be swept away.
Socialist Workers Organization (US)
WOrld Socialist Website on bear sterns crisis etc
http://www.wsws.org/articles/2008/mar2008/econ-m18.shtml
http://xkorpion.wordpress.com/2008/03/12/world-economy-in-crisis-the-financial-panic-where-are-we-now/
Source: [[Gmail - ATTN DAVE: Talk on Marxist analysis of World Economic crisis - ratbagradio@gmail.com|https://mail.google.com/mail/]]
25 Feb 2006
View all related to Climate Change | Oil | Relocalization
Read this article in: Spanish
By Megan Quinn
From Permaculture Activist
Havana, Cuba -- At the Organipónico de Alamar, a neighborhood agriculture project, a workers' collective runs a large urban farm, a produce market and a restaurant. Hand tools and human labor replace oil-driven machinery. Worm cultivation and composting create productive soil. Drip irrigation conserves water, and the diverse, multi-hued produce provides the community with a rainbow of healthy foods.
Farmers at the Organiponico de Alamar, a neighborhood agriculture project in downtown Havana, weed the beds. (Photo by John Morgan)
In other Havana neighborhoods, lacking enough land for such large projects, residents have installed raised garden beds on parking lots and planted vegetable gardens on their patios and rooftops.
Since the early 1990s, an urban agriculture movement has swept through Cuba, putting this capital city of 2.2 million on a path toward sustainability.
A small group of Australians assisted in this grass-roots effort, coming to this Caribbean island nation in 1993 to teach permaculture, a system based on sustainable agriculture which uses far less energy.
This need to bring agriculture into the city began with the fall of the Soviet Union and the loss of more than 50 percent of Cuba's oil imports, much of its food and 85 percent of its trade economy. Transportation halted, people went hungry and the average Cuban lost 30 pounds.
"In reality, when this all began, it was a necessity. People had to start cultivating vegetables wherever they could," a tour guide told a documentary crew filming in Cuba in 2004 to record how Cuba survived on far less oil than usual.
The crew included the staff of The Community Solution, a non-profit organization in Yellow Springs, Ohio which teaches about peak oil – the time when oil production world-wide will reach an all-time high and head into an irreversible decline. Some oil analysts believe this may happen within this decade, making Cuba a role model to follow.
"We wanted to see if we could capture what it is in the Cuban people and the Cuban culture that allowed them to go through this very difficult time," said Pat Murphy, The Community Solution's executive director. "Cuba has a lot to show the world in how to deal with energy adversity."
Scarce petroleum supplies have not only transformed Cuba's agriculture. The nation has also moved toward small-scale renewable energy and developed an energy-saving mass transit system, while maintaining its government-provided health care system whose preventive, locally-based approach to medicine conserves scarce resources.
The era in Cuba following the Soviet collapse is known to Cubans as the Special Period. Cuba lost 80 percent of its export market and its imports fell by 80 percent. The Gross Domestic Product dropped by more than one third.
"Try to image an airplane suddenly losing its engines. It was really a crash," Jorge Mario, a Cuban economist, told the documentary crew. A crash that put Cuba into a state of shock. There were frequent blackouts in its oil-fed electric power grid, up to 16 hours per day. The average daily caloric intake in Cuba dropped by a third.
According to a report on Cuba from Oxfam, an international development and relief agency, "In the cities, buses stopped running, generators stopped producing electricity, factories became silent as graveyards. Obtaining enough food for the day became the primary activity for many, if not most, Cubans."
In part due to the continuing US embargo, but also because of the loss of a foreign market, Cuba couldn't obtain enough imported food. Furthermore, without a substitute for fossil-fuel based large-scale farming, agricultural production dropped drastically.
So Cubans started to grow local organic produce out of necessity, developed bio-pesticides and bio-fertilizers as petrochemical substitutes, and incorporated more fruits and vegetables into their diets. Since they couldn't fuel their aging cars, they walked, biked, rode buses, and carpooled.
"There are infinite small solutions," said Roberto Sanchez from the Cuban-based Foundation for Nature and Humanity. "Crises or changes or problems can trigger many of these things which are basically adaptive. We are adapting."
A New Agricultural Revolution
Cubans are also replacing petroleum-fed machinery with oxen, and their urban agriculture reduces food transportation distances. Today an estimated 50 percent of Havana's vegetables come from inside the city, while in other Cuban towns and cities urban gardens produce from 80 percent to more than 100 percent of what they need.
In turning to gardening, individuals and neighborhood organizations took the initiative by identifying idle land in the city, cleaning it up, and planting.
Farmers pose with their produce at a farmers' market in downtown Havana. The Cuban government now allows these private markets, which provide year-round fresh local food to the community. (Photo by John Morgan)
When the Australian permaculturists came to Cuba they set up the first permaculture demonstration project with a $26,000 grant from the Cuban government.
Out of this grew the Foundation for Nature and Humanity's urban permaculture demonstration project and center in Havana. "With this demonstration, neighbors began to see the possibilities of what they can do on their rooftops and their patios," said Carmen López, director of the urban permaculture center, as she stood on the center's rooftop amongst grape vines, potted plants, and compost bins made from tires.
Since then the movement has been spreading rapidly across Havana's barrios. So far López' urban permaculture center has trained more than 400 people in the neighborhood in permaculture and distributes a monthly publication, "El Permacultor." "Not only has the community learned about permaculture," according to López, "we have also learned about the community, helping people wherever there is need."
One permaculture student, Nelson Aguila, an engineer-turned-farmer, raises food for the neighborhood on his integrated rooftop farm. On just a few hundred square feet he has rabbits and hens and many large pots of plants. Running free on the floor are gerbils, which eat the waste from the rabbits, and become an important protein source themselves. "Things are changing," Sanchez said. "It's a local economy. In other places people don't know their neighbors. They don't know their names. People don't say 'hello' to each other. Not here."
Since going from petrochemical intensive agricultural production to organic farming and gardening, Cuba now uses 21 times less pesticide than before the Special Period. They have accomplished this with their large-scale production of bio-pesticides and bio-fertilizers, exporting some of it to other Latin American countries.
Though the transition to organic production and animal traction was necessary, the Cubans are now seeing the advantages. "One of the good parts of the crisis was to go back to the oxen," said Miguel Coyula, a community development specialist, "Not only do they save fuel, they do not compact the soil the way the tractor does, and the legs of the oxen churn the earth."
"The Cuban agricultural, conventional, 'Green Revolution' system never was able to feed the people," Sanchez said. "It had high yields, but was oriented to plantation agriculture. We exported citrus, tobacco, sugar cane and we imported the basic things. So the system, even in the good times, never fulfilled people's basic needs."
Drawing on his permaculture knowledge, Sanchez said, "You have to follow the natural cycles, so you hire nature to work for you, not work against nature. To work against nature, you have to waste huge amounts of energy."
Energy Solutions
Because most of Cuba's electricity had been generated from imported oil, the shortages affected nearly everyone on the island. Scheduled rolling blackouts several days per week lasted for many years. Without refrigerators, food would spoil. Without electric fans, the heat was almost unbearable in a country that regularly has temperatures in the 80s and 90s.
The solutions to Cuba's energy problems were not easy. Without money, it couldn't invest in nuclear power and new conventional fossil fuel plants or even large-scale wind and solar energy systems. Instead, the country focused on reducing energy consumption and implementing small-scale renewable energy projects.
Ecosol Solar and Cuba Solar are two renewable energy organizations leading the way. They help develop markets for renewable energy, sell and install systems, perform research, publish newsletters, and do energy efficiency studies for large users.
Ecosol Solar has installed 1.2 megawatts of solar photovoltaic in both small household systems (200 watt capacity) and large systems (15-50 kilowatt capacity). In the United States 1.2 megawatts would provide electricity to about 1000 homes, but can supply power to significantly more houses in Cuba where appliances are few, conservation is the custom, and the homes are much smaller.
About 60 percent of Ecosol Solar's installations go to social programs to power homes, schools, medicals facilities, and community centers in rural Cuba. It recently installed solar photovoltaic panels to electrify 2,364 primary schools throughout rural Cuba where it was not cost effective to take the grid. In addition, it is developing compact model solar water heaters that can be assembled in the field, water pumps powered by PV panels, and solar dryers.
A visit to "Los Tumbos," a solar-powered community in the rural hills southwest of Havana demonstrates the positive impact that these strategies can have. Once without electricity, each household now has a small solar panel that powers a radio and a lamp. Larger systems provide electricity to the school, hospital, and community room, where residents gather to watch the evening news program called the "Round Table." Besides keeping the residents informed, the television room has the added benefit of bringing the community together.
"The sun was enough to maintain life on earth for millions of years," said Bruno Beres, a director of Cuba Solar. "Only when we [humans] arrived and changed the way we use energy was the sun not enough. So the problem is with our society, not with the world of energy."
Transportation - A System of Ride Sharing
Cubans also faced the problem of providing transportation on a reduced energy diet. Solutions came from ingenious Cubans, who often quote the phrase, "Necessity is the mother of invention." With little money or fuel, Cuba now moves masses of people during rush hour in Havana. In an inventive approach, virtually every form of vehicle, large and small, was used to build this mass transit system. Commuters ride in hand-made wheelbarrows, buses, other motorized transport and animal-powered vehicles.
One special Havana transit vehicle, nicknamed a "camel," is a very large metal semi-trailer, pulled by a standard semi-truck tractor, which holds 300 passengers. Bicycles and motorized two-passenger rickshaws are also prevalent in Havana, while horse drawn carts and large old panel trucks are used in the smaller towns.
This unique Cuban transport vehicle, called a "camel", can carry 300 passengers. (Photo by John Morgan)
Government officials in yellow garb pull over nearly empty government vehicles and trucks on Havana's streets and fill them with people needing a ride. Chevys from the 1950s cruise along with four people in front and four more in back.
A donkey cart with a taxi license nailed to the frame also travels Cuba's streets. Many trucks were converted to passenger transport by welding steps to the back so riders could get on and off with ease.
Health Care and Education - National Priorities
Even though Cuba is a poor country, with a per capita Gross Domestic Product of only $3,000 per year (putting them in the bottom third of all nations), life expectancy is the same as in the U.S., and infant mortality is below that in the U.S. The literacy rate in Cuba is 97 percent, the same as in the U.S. Cuba's education system, as well as its medical system is free.
When Cubans suffered through their version of a peak oil crisis, they maintained their free medical system, one of the major factors that helped them to survive. Cubans repeatedly emphasize how proud they are of their system.
Before the Cuban Revolution in 1959, there was one doctor for every 2000 people. Now there is a doctor for every 167 people. Cuba also has an international medical school and trains doctors to work in other poor countries. Each year there are 20,000 Cuban doctors abroad doing this kind of work.
With meat scarce and fresh local vegetables in abundance since 1995, Cubans now eat a healthy, low-fat, nearly vegetarian, diet. They also have a healthier outdoor lifestyle and walking and bicycling have become much more common. "Before, Cubans didn't eat that many vegetables. Rice and beans and pork meat was the basic diet," Sanchez from the Foundation for Nature and Humanity said. "At some point necessity taught them, and now they demand [vegetables]."
Doctors and nurses live in the community where they work and usually above the clinic itself. In remote rural areas, three-story buildings are constructed with the doctor's office on the bottom floor and two apartments on the second and third floors, one for the doctor and one for the nurse.
In the cities, the doctors and nurses always live in the neighborhoods they serve. They know the families of their patients and try to treat people in their homes. "Medicine is a vocation, not a job," exclaimed a Havana doctor, demonstrating the motivation for her work. In Cuba 60 percent of the doctors are women.
Education is considered the most important social activity in Cuba. Before the revolution, there was one teacher for every 3,000 people. Today the ratio is one for every 42 people, with a teacher-student ratio of 1 to 16. Cuba has a higher percentage of professionals than most developing countries, and with 2 percent of the population of Latin America, Cuba has 11 percent of all the scientists.
In an effort to halt migration from the countryside to the city during the Special Period, higher education was spread out into the provinces, expanding learning opportunities and strengthening rural communities. Before the Special Period there were only three institutions of higher learning in Cuba. Now there are 50 colleges and universities throughout the country, seven in Havana.
The Power of Community
Throughout its travels, the documentary crew saw and experienced the resourcefulness, determination, and optimism of the Cuban people, often hearing the phrase "Sí, se puede" or "Yes it can be done."
People spoke of the value of "resistir" or "resistance," showing their determination to overcome obstacles. And they have lived under a U.S. economic blockade since the early 1960s, viewed as the ultimate test of the Cuban ability to resist.
There is much to learn from Cuba's response to the loss of cheap and abundant oil. The staff of The Community Solution sees these lessons as especially important for people in developing countries, who make up 82 percent of the world's population and live more on life's edge. But developed countries are also vulnerable to shortages in energy. And with the coming onset of peak oil, all countries will have to adapt to the reality of a lower energy world.
With this new reality, the Cuban government changed its 30-year motto from "Socialism or Death" to "A Better World is Possible." Government officials allowed private entrepreneurial farmers and neighborhood organizations to use public land to grow and sell their produce. They pushed decision-making down to the grassroots level and encouraged initiatives in their neighborhoods. They created more provinces. They encouraged migration back to the farms and rural areas and reorganized their provinces to be in-line with agricultural needs.
(Photo by John Morgan)
From The Community Solution's viewpoint, Cuba did what it could to survive, despite its ideology of a centralized economy. In the face of peak oil and declining oil production, will America do what it takes to survive, in spite of its ideology of individualism and consumerism? Will Americans come together in community, as Cubans did, in the spirit of sacrifice and mutual support?
"There is climate change, the price of oil, the crisis of energy …" Beres from Cuba Solar said, listing off the challenges humanity faces. "What we must know is that the world is changing and we must change the way we see the world."
This article appeared in the special Peak Oil issue of Permaculture Activist, Spring 2006. The author, Megan Quinn, is the outreach director for The Community Solution, a program of Community Service Inc., a nonprofit organization in Yellow Springs, Ohio. For information about its soon-to-be-released documentary, "The Power of Community: How Cuba Survived Peak Oil" visit its website, e-mail her at megan@communitysolution.org, or call 937-767-2161.
Source: [[The Power of Community: How Cuba Survived Peak Oil : Global Public Media|http://globalpublicmedia.com/articles/657]]
ABC Learning suspends trading
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The World Today - Wednesday, 27 February , 2008 12:10:00
Reporter: Tanya Nolan
ELEANOR HALL: The founder and CEO of the controversial child care giant, ABC Learning, has moved today to reassure parents that the more than 1,000 child care centres he operates across the country are secure despite his company's financial problems.
Eddie Groves watched yesterday as his company's shares plummeted by as much as 70 per cent.
The $750-million dollar dive in the company's value triggered rumours that Mr Groves and his wife are personally exposed to the share drop.
The company, which has 2,300 child care centres around the world, has now called a trading halt and announced that it has received indications of interest from a buyer.
While shareholders and parents watch those developments nervously, the not-for-profit child care sector is warning that a crisis awaits the industry if Australia's biggest child care operator struggles and it's calling on the Federal Government to intervene.
Tanya Nolan has our reports.
TANYA NOLAN: The share trading halt is being read as more bad news after a day of very bad news for ABC Learning Centres.
It's heightened fears that the future at the nation's largest day care provider is in doubt.
By yesterday afternoon, ABC Learning stocks plunged to $1.15 - a seven year low and it wiped $750-million off the company's value.
But its rags to riches founder and CEO, Eddie Groves, was not letting the news get him down
EDDIE GROVES: The company is a great company. You know, and on that note I would like to thank the parents and the staff for all the support they give every single day and you know, ABC will continue to be a great company. It's a great company now and there is no effect to the business and it is a share price and the share market but there is no effect to our business.
TANYA NOLAN: This morning Mr Groves moved again to reassure parents that it will be business as usual at all of his 1,095 centres across Australia and ruled out any change to child care fees
Child Care NSW which represents private child care operators says even if the worst case scenario eventuates, there will be nothing for parents to worry about.
BRUCE MANEFIELD: In the very hypothetical situation that for some reason or other ABC got into some substantial trouble and I say that is highly hypothetical, in most instances like that, if you look at other general cases, most companies like that continue to trade under the directorship of a receiver.
So, on that basis I would expect that the centres would continue to operate and the families continue to be able to received high quality, you know, learning and parenting programs from ABC.
TANYA NOLAN: CEO Bruce Manefield says talk of a shortage of child care places in Australia is overstated, particularly in Sydney where he says there are plenty of providers who can't fill spots in their centres, especially for 3 to 5-year-olds.
He says there should be no change to the 40 per cent of public funding going to ABC Learning Centres, because it's given to parents through the Child Care Benefit and Tax Rebate.
So he says unless parents withdraw their children from the centres, they should continue to be funded.
BRUCE MANEFIELD: Look, I'm pleased to say that just about all of the staff I know that work in any long day care centre whether it be community based or a small private or a large ABC type centre, they are all very, very committed to the welfare of the children and I would expect that commitment and passion to the welfare of the children and the families that are there to continue.
And even, in some extent, even more so because in a sense that every, every long day care centre is a community based centre in that it is an integral part of the community and basically I would expect that those staff to just continue to provide, you know, excellent levels of care and early learning for those children.
TANYA NOLAN: Lynne Wannan sees a very different scenario emerging.
The convener of the National Association of Community Child Care Centres which represents 1,100 not-for-profit centres says there's no money to be made in child care provision.
LYNNE WANNAN: When you have to conform with the quality requirements in Australia, our regulations. They're fairly strict and you know, there really isn't a lot of money left over to make millions of dollars or to repay billions of loans which they have.
So I mean I really wonder about the whole business model but on the other side, I guess there is some very valuable property involved in those services and who knows, it could be used for something else or sold off so I guess these are all just the questions that we now have in the absence of really understanding what's going on.
TANYA NOLAN: ABC learning accounts for 20 per cent of the total child care market in Australia and Ms Wannan says if the centres were to shut their doors, there would be an immediate crisis.
LYNNE WANNAN: That would be a monumental crisis. We already have hundreds and hundreds of families who can't access a quality children's service. We do have waiting lists in lots and lots of places and if we lost that quantity of our service system, it would be just a disaster for the Australian economy.
TANYA NOLAN: And she says the Federal Government would have to intervene.
The Parliamentary Secretary for Early Childhood Education and Child Care, Maxine McKew was not available for comment.
ELEANOR HALL: Tanya Nolan reporting.
Source: [[The World Today - ABC Learning suspends trading|http://www.abc.net.au/worldtoday/content/2008/s2174024.htm]]
The Xtracycle Sport Utility Bicycle
By Ross Evans and Kipchoge Spencer Co-Founders Xtracycle International Nevada City, CA
Introduction
While the standard bicycle is well-known as a low-cost, non-polluting mode of transportation available to most of the world’s population, its value as a utility vehicle is yet to be fully realized. The Xtracycle (Figure 1) is a fixture that can be attached to, or detached from, virtually any existing bicycle, elongating its frame and readying it for a burden. The resulting extended-wheelbase vehicle retains the simple efficiency of the bicycle while greatly increasing its effectiveness. A modular plug-in rack system makes it possible to configure the Xtracycle for hauling loads that were previously considered too long, heavy, bulky, perishable, fragile, or important to be transported by bicycle. An Xtracycle-equipped bike can haul groceries, packages, lumber, computers, passengers, water, firewood, cellos, bread, and nearly any other cargo on rugged terrain. The device will handle loads of up to 200 lbs (400 lbs with an optional heavy-duty rear wheel), while maintaining the handling characteristics of a mountain bike.
Figure 1. The Xtracycle can turn virtually any existing bicycle into a load-carrying vehicle.
Figure 2. The modular, TIG-welded FreeRadical™ model is intended for use primarily in developed countries.
Figure 3. The sturdy extrabike™ model is well-suited to the small scale production situations typical of developing countries.
Figure 4. Nicaraguan Rafael Solis is excited about the wealth of applications for the welding skills he has acquired while producing Xtracycles.
The Inspiration
Many of the world’s poor have little or no means of transporting cargo other than on foot, and thus spend several hours per day carrying such loads as goods, firewood, and water on their backs—and heads. Yet many of these same people own or have access to a bicycle, a vehicle that is extremely efficient for transportation but unsuited for carrying substantial loads. One inspiration for the development of the Xtracycle, then, was to augment the bicycle’s cargo-carrying capacity, thereby freeing hundreds of millions of people from extreme physical drudgery. The challenge was to develop a device that would accomplish this task, while also being affordable to the target market.
In wealthy countries (especially in Western Europe), businesses, community services, and individuals are increasingly turning to the bicycle as a means of travelling more quickly through areas gridlocked by automobile traffic. In this setting, increasing the bicycle’s load carrying capacity will enable even those who have a choice of transportation methods to use the bicycle to meet more of their needs. For example, in the gridlocked traffic typical of some urban environments, the bicycle can provide an ideal means of reaching heart attack or accident victims and stabilizing them in preparation for the arrival of an ambulance. The Xtracycle permits paramedics to carry life-saving equipment (e.g., defibrillator, oxygen, and a backboard) that will save precious minutes during the anxious wait for an ambulance making its way through heavy traffic.
How the Xtracycle Works
The Xtracycle is installed on a bicycle by first removing the bike’s rear wheel. Then the Xtracycle is attached to the bike’s frame at three points using quick-release bolts. Two attachment points are the dropouts where the rear wheel had been; the other is near the bottom bracket, home of the pedal crank spindle. Then the rear wheel slips into the Xtracycle’s own dropouts. A section of chain is added, brakes and derailleur are moved, and the Xtracycle is ready to haul. The conversion takes from five to thirty minutes, depending upon the particular bike. Installation is completely reversible, but it is anticipated that most users will choose to leave the Xtracycle installed, since it doesn’t detract from the bike’s rideability.
Two Models
Xtracycle International has developed two base frames, one intended primarily for developed countries called the FreeRadical™ (Figure 2), and another designed for developing countries, the extrabike™ (Figure 3). The FreeRadical is more modular; the engineering behind its lighter-weight construction makes it more complex to manufacture and not as well suited to small-scale production as the extrabike. The FreeRadical is primarily TIG-welded using round 4130 chromoly steel tubing with a wall thickness of 0.039 in (1 mm) in diameters of 0.75 (20 mm) and 1.0 in (25 mm), which gives it a sleeker look than the square tubing of the extrabike. However, what the extrabike lacks in modularity, it gains in versatility: with its permanent fold-down racks and solid top-frame construction, it carries a wide range of loads without modification.
The Contribution of Welding
For the inventor, Ross Evans, learning to weld was the genesis of the Xtracycle concept. Even more importantly, the ability to weld prototypes for user testing led to rapid advancement of the design, and to significant innovations. He has taught the skill of welding to farmers in Nicaragua and fishermen in Senegal, recognizing the true empowerment of people as they see the implications of their ability to weld. As Rafael Solis, a trainee in Managua, Nicaragua, exclaimed, "Now I can make anything!" (Figure 4)
The advent of small, inexpensive, portable MIG welders has aided the design, growth and spread of the Xtracycle concept around the world. Although stick welding can be used to fabricate the square-tubed extrabike model, Xtracycle International recommends the use of portable MIG welders for their low cost, ease of use and quality finish. In flying overseas to teach workshops, the authors have found it optimal to stow a Lincoln SP-125 Plus in the overhead bin of the airplane. They are often working in village settings where electricity is rationed to only a few hours a day. Therefore, the ability of workers to plug in an SP-125 Plus and become immediately productive is an important asset. Ross Evans also invented a square tube bending machine that is easy to replicate in a low-tech environment from parts readily available in scrap metal yards. Bent square tubing is not commonly seen, and people in the third world find it very attractive.
Markets
The product addresses the needs of two distinct groups. First, it enables people with no alternative to foot and bicycle transportation to carry substantial cargo loads that would otherwise be immensely time-consuming, unwieldy, or impossible to manage. While there are only about 4 million cargo bikes in the world (including pedicabs), in developing countries alone there are an estimated 500 million bicycles that, using the Xtracycle, could be converted to carry cargo. The world’s rural poor, especially women, often spend up to half their waking hours carrying water, firewood, and food. In many cases, both time expended and physical hardship could be significantly reduced with the use of a cargo bike. The Xtracycle could also enable the creation of small businesses such as parcel couriers and delivery services.
Second, the Xtracycle permits an alternative even for those with access to an automobile. Forty percent of all vehicle trips in the United States are two miles or shorter, and more than twenty-five percent are less than a mile. Many of these trips could be taken using an Xtracycle to carry whatever load might be necessary, from groceries to surfboards. In the developed world, the product fills a void between large, cumbersome utility tricycles and small, ineffective racks and bags.
Significance of Results
The Xtracycle marries low cost and high performance in a unique and easy-to-manufacture product. Its introduction has led numerous small communities in the developing world to discover the value of welded design. In addition, the small scale sale of locally produced Xtracycles has become a revenue source for many artisans and mechanics, providing an economic incentive to open small welding shops.
For further information, see: www.xtracycle.com
See Also Wire Feeder / Welders
Source: [[The Xtracycle Sport Utility Bicycle : Lincoln Electric|http://www.lincolnelectric.com.au/knowledge/articles/content/bicycle.asp]]
The selling out of children's services
Corporatised institutions have a stronger presence in most areas of everyday life in Australia. With the privatisation of many government services over the past decade, is there a place for corporate competitiveness and profit motivations in children's services? Eddy Jokovich looks at the key issues in the political debate about corporatising childcare and why community-based services need to be concerned.
Several children's service groups have been listed on the Australian Stock Exchange. Is it reasonable for Federal Government subsidies to be directed towards shareholder profits?
In 1991, the Keating Labor Government introduced childcare subsidies which were aimed at the creation of better funding levels for children's services. While this did inject more funds into services, it was also a signal to corporate opportunists to develop methods of capitalising on these government subsidies and corporatising childcare.
In 2000, the Coalition Government introduced the Child Care Benefit scheme and, with a higher funding level for services, more opportunities were created for private operators to achieve greater profitability. While the benefits of the corporatisation of early childhood education are debatable, these corporations have certainly capitalised on childcare, through the float of their shares on the Australian Stock Exchange (ASX) and an astronomical rise in their share pricings.
It has long been argued that privatisation and corporatised competition drives the market towards creating cheaper and more efficient services but, as history has shown, it can also sometimes result in poorly-managed businesses and a decrease in the quality of product and service. In the drive to create profits and to appease shareholders, businesses can become unrealistically ambitious within their markets and collapse in a spectacular fashion, as was the case with HIH in Australia and Enron in the United States.
Taking these factors into account, what are some of the issues to emerge in the debate of corporatising childcare and is it going to be in the interest of the child and early childhood education?
There are two indications of 'corporate' childcare, the first includes the provision of services to corporations such as banks, big businesses and large-scale employers. The second includes the takeover of childcare services as an industry, with the intention of running the children's services on an 'economies-of-scale' basis, where a central office handles most of the administrative functions of the centres under its control, while on-site workers, including the director, are responsible for the practical aspects of care and education.
One such company operating on this basis, and one which has grown as an outcome of an increase in the government funding of childcare, is ABC Developmental Learning Centres Ltd, jointly managed by entrepreneurs, Eddy and Le Neve Groves. Its shares were listed on the ASX last year at $1 per share and reached a high point of almost $15 per share in early September, before stabilising at its current level of $12.70. ABC Learning generated $22 million in fees during the last financial year from the 109 centres that it operates throughout Australia and, for each child enrolled at its centres, ABC Learning made a profit of around $1,200.
According to Federal Government's figures, while the cost of a typical childcare cost is $94.70 each week, a family pays only $33.10, with the $61.60 being paid by the government directly to the service provider. With over 60 per cent of all revenue for childcare centres coming from government subsidies, this means that within these corporatised services, shareholder profits are directly supported by taxpayer funds. And it is this area which is of great concern to community-based centres and to the general community. It also raises the question of whether it is ethical for government funds to be diverted into shareholder profits, or whether these funds should be maintained for the quality care and education of young children and the creation of better working conditions for childcare workers.
A portion of these government subsidies are being diverted to some of the wealthiest people in the Australian community and towards causes that have no relationship with early childhood education. Former leader of the federal Liberal Party, Andrew Peacock, and former Victoria Liberal Party president, Michael Kroger, have possession of 5.2 million shares in Childcare Centre Australia, listed on the ASX in early October. Kroger's merchant bank, JT Campbell, received $405,000 in corporate advisory fees while Ernst & Young received $340,000 for their Independent Accountants Report.
ABC Learning is also a major corporate sponsor of the Brisbane Bullets, a team in the National Basketball League. This sponsorship is between $100,000 - $300,000 per season and Eddy Groves is the team's chairman. In May, Groves also paid $54,000 for the AFL Grand Final rings of the Brisbane Lion's coach, Leigh Matthews, and players Michael Voss and Shaun Hart.
It must be difficult for childcare workers struggling with low wages and poor working conditions to comprehend how the diversion of government subsidies to corporations can occur in this manner, or what the relationship is between early childhood education and the sponsorship of elite national sporting teams.
How the community suffers
ABC Learning also signed up a lucrative deal with Westpac in early October 2002, providing 1,000 places for the children of Westpac personnel at 30 centres located around Australia. While it is commendable that Westpac has developed policies to assist employees to manage their family and work responsibilities, the opening up of positions in the corporate environment means that children will be taken out of other centres, possibly losing their funding and subsidies, and may eventually resulting in their closure. This resultant effect will severely impact upon people who do not work within a corporate environment but still require childcare.
Not-for-profit centres in the public and community sector have close connections with government and rely on this government funding to continue providing a service. When money is redirected away from these community-based organisations and into larger profit-based corporations, the community suffers immeasurably - social services cannot be run at a profit without the provision of these services suffering in some way. There are major problems with staffing levels and the training of staff in children's services and the industry is close to breaking-point. Some families continue to be at a great disadvantage when it comes to access and availability of affordable childcare and when funding dollars and subsidies are being directed towards corporations at the expense of community-based services, it signals a time of greater instability for the sector.
Sydney Day Nursery's Chief Executive Officer, Ginie Udy, believes that these large scale childcare corporations will make it more difficult for community-based services, primarily because they are focussed on a concern that may run counter to the provision of quality care. 'The commercialisation of childcare means that children's services are essentially being run on two distinct value systems', says Udy. 'While many for-profit services can also be keen to provide a high-quality service, the things that drive community-based centres and the for-profit sector are very different. This is particularly the case with companies that are listed on the stockmarket and have shareholders to satisfy.'
'This factor alone has an immense impact on the way the service is conducted. Standards slip when the bottom line and shareholder profits are the prime concern. Although most industries are regulated in some form in terms of market forces, there are no regulations in place to monitor what is happening in the children's services industry. Without an impact analysis on the possible effects of the emergence of large-scale chains of commercial childcare centres, there could be serious consequences.'
There are other issues of concern surrounding corporatisation, alongside an increasing presence of astute businesspeople and ex-politicians playing a role in the industry. Concurrent with the control that these corporate players will have within the sector will be the possibility of influencing policy matters - the link between former members of the Liberal Party and some of the corporatised services is clear - and this could lead to a significant change in the structure of the industry.
Barbara Romeril, Executive Director of Community Child Care Victoria, believes that this type of change has not taken into account how it will affect other services. 'Growth in childcare chains run as a profitable business venture is significantly changing the structure and childcare provisions', says Romeril. 'Another issue of great concern is that the long-term impact of such changes to the children's services sector have not been assessed to any great extent.'
The local government response
In July 2002, ABC Learning wrote to local government authorities in NSW proposing to purchase the leasehold or freehold on some or all of the council-operated childcare centres. This is consistent with the actions of most corporations, where their own growth needs to be supported by the acquisition of other businesses practising in the same field, and it also indicates that these types of corporations are willing to go beyond the scope of their usual territory within the private sector to make their presence felt in the community and local government sector.
The NSW Local Government Community Services Association (LGCSA) is a membership-based organisation formed with the purpose of providing effective support and leadership and the opportunity for professional development for community services workers in the local government sector. Its Children Services Division comprises members who manage and work in council-managed children's services or who have a broader social planning and community development role in family and children's services.
LGCSA considers that parents have a right to a choice of quality childcare services for their children and it recognises that the commercial sector has a significant role, alongside the community-based not-for-profit sector, in providing a choice in service provision. Local government, being the largest single provider and supporter of children's and family services in NSW, ensures that parents across the state have a choice in childcare services. In fact, in many areas, where the commercial sector considers services would be unprofitable, local government, under its community service obligations, guarantees access.
Parents also have a right to see value for the money that they allocate to childcare, both through the payment of their fees and the use of taxpayer funds. Commercial long day care providers are indirectly accountable via the operation of market forces to consumers. Publicly-listed companies are required to provide annually audited statements to the ASX, as well as to shareholders and other stakeholders in the form of annual reports. They are accountable to shareholders, although it can be argued that quality of the service is not a primary concern of shareholders.
Private centres, in common with not-for-profit centres, must abide by the regulations of the NSW Department of Community Services, and to the Commonwealth through the accountability mechanism in the operation of Child Care Benefit scheme. However, local government services have an extra line of accountability through the provisions of the Local Government Act, which requires councils to annually to place their management plans and full financial operations on display for public comment.
Through this accountability process, parents can see that the investment that they make in a not-for-profit serviceólocal government-managed children's services are a total investment in their children and towards the future of the local community. These types of services are building blocks in the development of social capital in local communities. This is in contrast to a corporatised sector where payments by parents, through fees and income tax, may be misdirected to underwriting profits for investors and owners of the service. There is also a danger that the corporatisation of the childcare industry will lead to the commodification of childhood.
Conclusion
The corporatisation of childcare is an area of concern for families and childcare workers. Without an impact analysis made on the effects of corporatisation of childcare, it is difficult to see what the real effects on the industry will be. However, from initial observation, it seems that it is another wedge of division that is being placed between high-income and low-income earners and, in the same manner that Federal Government subsidies have been used to support private health care corporations and private schooling, childcare subsidies are being used to redistribute wealth and social support upwards, with diminished access to services for lower-income families.
With no consultation or long-term social planning, the corporatisation of childcare may prove extremely detrimental to the sector, calling into question why the Federal Government has not developed policies to minimise the transfer of government funds towards corporate and shareholder profits. In late October, the Minister for Children and Youth Affairs, Larry Anthony, acknowledged the concerns from small long day care operators about the viability of their businesses and the levels of quality provided by corporatised care. The Minister announced that the Government will monitor the issues of childcare growth and corporatisation and will respond to the concerns of the sector.
Workers in children's services and those who are concerned about the corporatisation of childcare can voice their views on this issue by:
* writing letters to the editors of local and mainstream newspapers about their concerns;
* lobbying their local State or Federal representative;
* writing letters or emails to the political leaders or ministers in charge of childcare portfolios;
* contacting the National Association Community Based Children's Services (NACBCS), who are monitoring developments, by emailing bromeril@cccinc.com.au
* talking to other parents and staff about your concerns;
* calling talkback radio and raising the issue;
* contacting your union about future campaigns to inform workers about the issue. The ACTU is preparing a new campaign for pay equity for increased funding of community-based childcare and this issue feeds into how fees are used for corporate profits and shareholder dividends. The Australian Services Union and the LHMU have published their views on the issue at www.asuvic.org and www.lhmu.org.au/childcare (these unions represent workers at centres such as ABC Learning).
Eddy Jokovich is Managing Editor of Rattler and director of Australia Region Media.
Source: [[The selling out of children's services|http://www.armedia.net.au/archive/2002b/edit03.html]]
The world crisis of capitalism and the prospects for socialism
Part two
By Nick Beams
1 February 2008
Use this version to print | Send this link by email | Email the author
Below we are publishing the second part of the opening report given by Nick Beams to an international school held by the International Committee of the Fourth International (ICFI) and the International Students for Social Equality (ISSE) in Sydney, Australia from January 21 to January 25. Beams is a member of the international editorial board of the World Socialist Web Site and the national secretary of the Socialist Equality Party of Australia.
The first part was posted January 31. Part three will be posted on February 2.
The financial crisis in the US and the expanded growth of the world economy, especially over the past seven years in the less developed countries, are not separate events, but different sides or aspects of a single process.
To put it in a nutshell: The expanded growth of China (along with other countries) would not have been possible without the massive growth of debt in the US. But this growth of debt, which has sustained the US economy as well as global demand, has now resulted in a crisis.
At the same time, low-cost production in China and other regions, and the integration of these regions into the world economy, lowered inflationary pressures. This process created the conditions for lower interest rates, thereby fueling the expansion of credit which has played such a vital role in sustaining the US economy and the world economy as a whole.
Let us examine this process in more detail. The latest financial crisis has not come out of the blue. It has been created by the response to previous crises going back to the stock market collapse of 1987. At that time, incoming Fed Chairman Alan Greenspan opened the credit lines to ensure the stability of the market.
The first years of the 1990s, following the recession of 1991-92, were characterised by slow growth—the so-called “jobless recovery.” But by the middle of the decade there was a shift. In 1996, Greenspan pointed to an upsurge in stock prices which was playing a key role in lifting the US economy and, in a speech at the end of the year, warned of “irrational exuberance.”
But after a brief attempt to increase interest rates, which met with a hostile reaction from Wall Street, Greenspan moved to cut rates. When the Asian crisis broke in 1997, US President Bill Clinton referred to it as a “glitch,” while Greenspan insisted it was a result of Asian “crony capitalism” and the failure to adopt the methods of the “free market.” Indeed, it was said to be a further confirmation, following the collapse of the Soviet Union and the other Stalinist regimes, of the historical superiority of the Anglo-Saxon “free market” system.
Within months, however, it became clear that the crisis in Asia was a symptom of deeper problems. In August 1998, Russia defaulted on its international debts and in September the hedge fund Long Term Capital Management had to be bailed out with a $3 billion rescue operation lest its collapse set off a systemic financial crisis. The response of the US Federal Reserve was to cut interest rates.
As a result, the economic storms appeared to pass relatively quickly and the US economy underwent a boom at the end of the decade, hailed as the dawning of the era of the “new economy.” In fact, as the stock market reached record highs, the rate of profit had begun to turn downward and the increased profits turned in by companies such as Enron and WorldCom were revealed to be fictitious. The stock market bubble collapsed in 2000 and the US economy experienced a recession, leading to the loss of three million manufacturing jobs.
The downturn, however, was relatively short-lived, and the US economy entered an upturn, but one characterised by a number of peculiar features. While it was based largely on increased consumption spending, this was not the result of higher wages and employment growth—real wages remained virtually stationary—but an increase in consumer debt, made possible by the cutting of interest rates by the Federal Reserve Board. These cuts fueled a housing boom, which in turn made possible the increase in consumption spending.
One of the key factors which made possible the low interest rate regime so central to economic growth was the investment by Chinese authorities of vast amounts of finance capital in US assets.
This recycling of Chinese trade surpluses back into the US financial system seemed to complete a virtuous circle. The inflow of capital through purchases of US Treasury notes and other forms of debt enabled the Fed to keep down interest rates, which in turn helped fuel the housing market, which in turn financed increased consumption spending, providing a market for the expanded output from China and increasing the Chinese trade surplus with the US, which was then invested in US financial markets. This process was at the heart of the growth in the world economy after the US recession of 2000-2001.
The injection of large amounts of credit into the financial system has played a key role in sustaining the US and world economy. But credit does not simply disappear once its work in reviving the economy is done. Rather, it contributes to a buildup of finance capital within the global economy, with major implications for the stability of the system as a whole.
Looking back over the past quarter century, we find, according to Greenspan, that as a result of lower nominal and real interest rates, asset prices worldwide have risen faster than nominal gross domestic product (GDP) in every year since 1981, with the exception of 1987 and 2001-2.
What are the implications of this process? The first point to note is that stocks, real estate and other forms of property titles, financed by credit, are all, in one form or another, claims to income. That is, in the final analysis, they are claims to the surplus value which is extracted from the working class.
The value of such assets can rise faster than GDP provided that the proportion of national income going to profits is increasing—that is, if there is a greater pool of surplus value to draw from. But the process in which asset values, claims on income, rise faster than GDP cannot continue indefinitely.
An indication of how far the process has gone was provided in an article in the Financial Times of June 25, 2007. It noted that prior to 1995, the ratio of personal sector wealth to GDP in the US tended to fluctuate at about an average of 3.4 to 1. The article noted: “Now, despite the paucity of savings in the US economy, the ratio stands at 4.1 to 1. A return to the long-run average would imply a fall in US personal net worth of approximately $10,000 billion. With similar trends mirrored across much of the world, total global losses from the coming financial meltdown could easily reach $25,000 billion to $30,000 billion.”
According to the McKinsey Global Institute, by 2005 the stock of global financial assets had reached $140 trillion—that is, more than three times global GDP. This compares with the situation in 1980 when the stock of global financial assets and global GDP were roughly equal.
If we come to the US mortgage market, it is clear that for much of this decade it has taken the form of a Ponzi scheme. That is, assets in the form of mortgage debts derived their value not from the expected stream of income payments—it was clear that in the case of subprime loans there was no possibility of keeping up payments—but from the expectation that the value of the underlying asset would keep rising as more credit became available and boosted the market. And a rising market meant that greater risks could be taken because the assets backing the debt—houses—had risen in value.
In 2001, subprimes accounted for 8.6 percent ($190 billion) of mortgage originations. By 2005, this had risen to 20 percent ($625 billion). These mortgages were then sold off in the form of financial assets. In 2001, so-called securitised subprimes amounted to just $95 billion; by 2005 this had grown to $507 billion.
In previous times banks that originated mortgages had to assess the risk. This was the era of so-called 3-6-3 banking: Borrow money at 3 percent, lend it to home buyers at 6 percent, and head for the golf course at 3 o’clock.
In the new financial world risk assessment was to a great extent done away with. There was no need for mortgage originators to undertake this task because the mortgage would be sold off to another institution. The mortgage originator would not bear the risk. How was risk supposed to be assessed? By the risk assessment agencies such as Standard and Poor’s, Moody’s and Fitch. They played a vital role in ensuring that the debt packages based on subprime and other risky mortgages were given a high rating. And it was in their interest to do so.
According to one recent study of the subprime crisis, fees paid to the rating agencies for helping to market mortgage bonds “were about twice as high as they were for rating corporate bonds—the traditional business of ratings firms. Moody’s got 44 percent of its revenue in 2006 from rating ‘structured finance’ (student loans, credit card debt and mortgages)” (L Randall Wray, “Lessons from the Subprime Meltdown,” Levy Economics Institute, December 2007, p. 21).
Now the whole subprime market has collapsed. It is estimated that “well over a trillion dollars of subprime US mortgages will lose one half their value” (Wray, p. 22).
The expansion of credit not only boosted house prices, but led to an even bigger increase in debt. “[W]hile real estate values easily doubled over the past decade, from $10 trillion in 1997 to well over $20 trillion by 2005, home mortgage liabilities rose even faster, from less than $2 trillion in 1997 to $10 trillion in 2005. (Indeed, between 2002-06, total credit grew by $8 trillion while GDP only grew by $2.8 trillion)” (Wray, p. 27).
One of the chief mechanisms for the creation of this financial bubble has been the securitisation of mortgages—the aggregation of large numbers of mortgages into debt packages which are then sold off. This was supposed to shift risk off the balance sheets of banks and other financial institutions. But what has happened is the risk that was sent out the front door has come in the back because the risky debts have been purchased by off-balance sheet organisations set up by the banks—so-called “structured investment vehicles” (SIVs). The increased role of subprime mortgages in the creation of these securities is made clear in the following table published by the IMF.
The securitisation process has meant that, via a roundabout route, banks now hold packages of mortgages originated by organisations that had no interest in evaluating whether they could be serviced. This means that banks now hold the debt of borrowers whose risk has never been assessed. This process, which returned large profits, was based on one crucial assumption: that the continuous supply of credit would ensure that house prices would keep rising, so there was no need to assess the risk of the borrower because in the case of default the house could simply be sold off and realise more than the purchase price.
That assumption held good for about a decade after 1994 and only began to turn sour in 2005-2006 when they began to decline. In 2004 the Case-Shiller home-price index increased 20 percent over the previous year. In 2006 it declined 5 percent.
There was a fundamental flaw in the housing bubble—the income of the vast majority of working class families, which must be used to pay off mortgage debt, has been decreasing or stagnant since the end of the last recession in 2001. In the past eight years, the level of US GDP has increased by more than a quarter, while median wages have fallen by 4 percent.
The financial problems go beyond the subprime mortgage market. In the commercial paper market—where firms raise cash through the issuing of short-term debt—there is about $2.2 trillion outstanding, of which $1.2 trillion is backed by residential mortgages, credit card receivables, car loans, and other bonds. There could be as much as half a trillion dollars of potentially worthless paper held by the biggest banks (Wray, p. 36).
Now there are warnings (see e.g., Financial Times, January 14, 2008) that credit default swaps, an insurance system for debts, could be the next area to experience a crisis.
No one really knows the full extent of the losses. When the subprime crisis was starting to break, Bernanke estimated the losses in the range of $50 billion to $100 billion. Now, expected losses range from $300 to $400 billion. But it could be much more. According to one estimate, if house prices fell by as much as 30 percent, credit losses could reach $900 billion. (See Jan Kregel Minsky’s “Cushions of Safety,” published by the Levy Institute).
Apart from the situation facing the banks, there is the issue of the impact of the housing slump on the level of consumption spending in the US, which plays such a decisive role in providing a market for the goods manufactured in China and the rest of Asia.
With real incomes stagnant or falling for all but the top 20 percent or so of the American population, the increase in house prices has played a crucial role in financing the increasing debt incurred by large sections of the population. Since 2002, home equity cash-outs have totaled $1.2 trillion, equivalent to 46 percent of the increase in consumption spending over this period. The social consequences are enormous, as David North made clear in his report to the national aggregate of the SEP in the US held earlier this month (See “Notes on the political and economic crisis of the world capitalist system and the perspective and tasks of the Socialist Equality Party”).
“Thus, the collapse of housing prices deprives the broad mass of working Americans of one of the principal means by which they have sought to counteract the financial burdens created by three-and-a-half decades of wage stagnation. The income of a male worker in his 30s is now 12 percent below that of a worker the same age in 1978. As former Labor Secretary Robert Reich has noted, the ‘coping mechanisms’ that have been employed to deal with wage deflation have been the massive movement of women into the work force (from 38 percent in 1970 to 70 percent today), and the addition of two weeks to the annual work load. Americans work 350 hours longer per year than the average European.
“By the turn of the 21st century, when workers reached the physical limit of their ability to make money by working, they began to depend more and more on borrowing, using their homes as collateral. As this means of bridging the ever-wider chasm between income and needs disappears, millions are faced with the specter of falling into the financial abyss. Already, during the first half of 2007, personal bankruptcies in the United States increased by 48 percent. The extent to which workers are stretched financially to the limit is exposed by the fact that 27 million workers will have to borrow money this winter simply to pay their heating bills. But the use of credit cards is becoming just as problematic as home equity loans. As all the traditional and individualistic means for coping with prevailing economic realities recede, the working class is forced to turn to the only means by which it can defend itself—that of collective and conscious social and political struggle against the capitalist system.”
In his analysis of the role of debt in sustaining this process, L Randall Wray of the Levy Institute makes the point that a financial crash is not necessary to turn a slowdown into a deep recession.
“All else equal, if the private sector were to reduce spending to, say, only 97 cents per dollar of income, this would lower GDP by half a dozen percentage points. And if the private sector were really spooked, it might reduce spending to 90 cents on the dollar—as it usually does in a recession—taking a trillion-and-a-half dollars out of GDP, leaving a huge gap that is unlikely to be fully restored by exploding budget deficits or by exports” (Wray, p. 44).
It is clear, even from this limited range of statistics, that the world capitalist order is facing a series of problems which have struck at the very heart of the global financial system. Martin Wolf of the Financial Times warns that it is the end of the Anglo-Saxon model; Malcolm Knight, the general manager of the Bank for International Settlements, points to the collapse of the “originate and distribute” model which has been at the centre of financial innovation over the past decade.
There is widespread acknowledgement that the financial methods and practices developed over the past period have created serious problems. However, these methods were not devised by some rogue traders who happened to take control. They were endorsed at the highest levels of banking and finance and were bound up with developments in the global economy itself. It is not a matter, therefore, of simply trying something else, or reverting to less risky methods, as if it were a question of trying on another pair of shoes.
There is now wide recognition that the credit crunch has major implications for the stability of the world capitalist economy.
Source: [[The world crisis of capitalism and the prospects for socialism Part two|http://www.wsws.org/articles/2008/feb2008/nbe2-f01.shtml]]
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<<tagCloud>>
/***
|Name|TiddlerTweakerPlugin|
|Source|http://www.TiddlyTools.com/#TiddlerTweakerPlugin|
|Version|2.2.0|
|Author|Eric Shulman - ELS Design Studios|
|License|http://www.TiddlyTools.com/#LegalStatements <br>and [[Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5 License|http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5/]]|
|~CoreVersion|2.1|
|Type|plugin|
|Requires||
|Overrides||
|Description|select multiple tiddlers and modify author, created, modified and/or tag values|
TiddlerTweaker is a tool for TiddlyWiki authors. It allows you to select multiple tiddlers from a listbox, either by direct interaction or automatically matching specific criteria. You can then modify the creator, author, created, modified and/or tag values of those tiddlers using a compact set of form fields. The values you enter into the fields simultantously overwrite the existing values in all tiddlers you have selected.
!!!!!Usage
<<<
{{{<<tiddlerTweaker>>}}}
{{smallform{<<tiddlerTweaker>>}}}
By default, any tags you enter into the TiddlerTweaker will //replace// the existing tags in all the tiddlers you have selected. However, you can also use TiddlerTweaker to quickly filter specified tags from the selected tiddlers, while leaving any other tags assigned to those tiddlers unchanged:
>Any tag preceded by a "+" (plus) or "-" (minus), will be added or removed from the existing tags //instead of replacing the entire tag definition// of each tiddler (e.g., enter "-excludeLists" to remove that tag from all selected tiddlers. When using this syntax, care should be taken to ensure that //every// tag is preceded by "+" or "-", to avoid inadvertently overwriting any other existing tags on the selected tiddlers. (note: the "+" or "-" prefix on each tag value is NOT part of the tag value, and is only used by TiddlerTweaker to control how that tag value is processed)
Important Notes:
* Inasmuch as TiddlerTweaker is a 'power user' tool that can perform 'batch' functions (operating on many tiddlers at once), you should always have a recent backup of your document (or "save changes" just *before* tweaking the tiddlers), just in case you "shoot yourself in the foot".
* By design, TiddlerTweaker does NOT update the 'modified' date of tiddlers simply by making changes to the tiddler's values. A tiddler's dates are ONLY updated when the corresponding 'created' and/or 'modified' checkboxes are selected and you enter new values for those dates. As a general rule, after using TiddlerTweaker, always ''//remember to save your document//'' when you are done, even though the tiddler timeline tab may not show any recently modified tiddlers.
* Because you may be changing the values on many tiddlers simultaneously, selecting and updating all tiddlers in a document operation may take a while and your browser might warn about an "unresponsive script"... you should give it a whole bunch of time to 'continue'... it should complete the processing... eventually.
<<<
!!!!!Revisions
<<<
2008.01.13 [2.2.0] added "auto-selection" links: all, changed, tags, title, text
2007.12.26 [2.1.0] added support for managing 'creator' custom field (see [[CoreTweaks]])
2007.11.01 [2.0.3] added config.options.txtTweakerSortBy for cookie-based persistence of list display order preference setting.
2007.09.28 [2.0.2] in settiddlers() and deltiddlers(), added suspend/resume notification handling (improves performance when operating on multiple tiddlers)
2007.08.03 [2.0.1] added shadow definition for [[TiddlerTweaker]] tiddler for use as parameter references with {{{<<tiddler>>, <<slider>> or <<tabs>>}}} macros.
2007.08.03 [2.0.0] converted from inline script
2006.01.01 [1.0.0] initial release
<<<
!!!!!Code
***/
//{{{
version.extensions.tiddlerTweaker= {major: 2, minor: 2, revision: 0, date: new Date(2008,1,13)};
config.shadowTiddlers.TiddlerTweaker="<<tiddlerTweaker>>";
if (config.options.txtTweakerSortBy==undefined) config.options.txtTweakerSortBy="title";
config.macros.tiddlerTweaker = {
html: '<form style="display:inline"><!--\
--><table style="padding:0;margin:0;border:0;width:100%"><tr valign="top" style="padding:0;margin:0;border:0"><!--\
--><td style="text-align:center;white-space:nowrap;width:99%;padding:0;margin:0;border:0"><!--\
--><font size=-2><div style="text-align:left;"><span style="float:right"><!--\
--> <a href="javascript:;" \
title="select all tiddlers"\
onclick="\
var f=this; while (f&&f.nodeName.toLowerCase()!=\'form\')f=f.parentNode;\
for (var t=0; t<f.list.options.length; t++)\
if (f.list.options[t].value.length) f.list.options[t].selected=true;\
config.macros.tiddlerTweaker.selecttiddlers(f.list);\
return false">all</a><!--\
--> <a href="javascript:;" \
title="select tiddlers that are new/changed since the last file save"\
onclick="\
var lastmod=new Date(document.lastModified);\
var f=this; while (f&&f.nodeName.toLowerCase()!=\'form\')f=f.parentNode;\
for (var t=0; t<f.list.options.length; t++) {\
var tid=store.getTiddler(f.list.options[t].value);\
f.list.options[t].selected=tid&&tid.modified>lastmod;\
}\
config.macros.tiddlerTweaker.selecttiddlers(f.list);\
return false">changed</a><!--\
--> <a href="javascript:;" \
title="select tiddlers with at least one matching tag"\
onclick="\
var t=prompt(\'Enter space-separated tags (match ONE)\');\
if (!t||!t.length) return false;\
var tags=t.readBracketedList();\
var f=this; while (f&&f.nodeName.toLowerCase()!=\'form\')f=f.parentNode;\
for (var t=0; t<f.list.options.length; t++) {\
f.list.options[t].selected=false;\
var tid=store.getTiddler(f.list.options[t].value);\
if (tid&&tid.tags.containsAny(tags)) f.list.options[t].selected=true;\
}\
config.macros.tiddlerTweaker.selecttiddlers(f.list);\
return false">tags</a><!--\
--> <a href="javascript:;" \
title="select tiddlers whose titles include matching text"\
onclick="\
var txt=prompt(\'Enter a title (or portion of a title) to match\');\
if (!txt||!txt.length) return false;\
var f=this; while (f&&f.nodeName.toLowerCase()!=\'form\')f=f.parentNode;\
for (var t=0; t<f.list.options.length; t++) {\
f.list.options[t].selected=f.list.options[t].value.indexOf(txt)!=-1;\
}\
config.macros.tiddlerTweaker.selecttiddlers(f.list);\
return false">titles</a><!--\
--> <a href="javascript:;" \
title="select tiddlers containing matching text"\
onclick="\
var txt=prompt(\'Enter tiddler text (content) to match\');\
if (!txt||!txt.length) return false;\
var f=this; while (f&&f.nodeName.toLowerCase()!=\'form\')f=f.parentNode;\
for (var t=0; t<f.list.options.length; t++) {\
var tt=store.getTiddlerText(f.list.options[t].value,\'\');\
f.list.options[t].selected=(tt.indexOf(txt)!=-1);\
}\
config.macros.tiddlerTweaker.selecttiddlers(f.list);\
return false">text</a> <!--\
--></span><span>select tiddlers</span><!--\
--></div><!--\
--></font><select multiple name=list size="10" style="width:99.99%" \
title="use click, shift-click and/or ctrl-click to select multiple tiddler titles" \
onclick="config.macros.tiddlerTweaker.selecttiddlers(this)" \
onchange="config.macros.tiddlerTweaker.setfields(this)"><!--\
--></select><br><!--\
-->show<input type=text size=1 value="10" \
onchange="this.form.list.size=this.value; this.form.list.multiple=(this.value>1);"><!--\
-->by<!--\
--><select name=sortby size=1 \
onchange="config.macros.tiddlerTweaker.init(this.form,this.value)"><!--\
--><option value="title">title</option><!--\
--><option value="size">size</option><!--\
--><option value="modified">date</option><!--\
--></select><!--\
--><input type="button" value="refresh" \
onclick="config.macros.tiddlerTweaker.init(this.form,this.form.sortby.value)"<!--\
--> <input type="button" name="stats" disabled value="totals..." \
onclick="config.macros.tiddlerTweaker.stats(this)"><!--\
--></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;width:1%"><!--\
--><div style="text-align:left"><font size=-2> modify values</font></div><!--\
--><table border=0 style="width:100%;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;"><tr style="padding:0;border:0;"><!--\
--><td style="padding:1px;border:0;white-space:nowrap"><!--\
--><input type=checkbox name=settitle unchecked \
title="allow changes to tiddler title (rename tiddler)" \
onclick="this.form.title.disabled=!this.checked">title<!--\
--></td><td style="padding:1px;border:0;white-space:nowrap"><!--\
--><input type=text name=title size=35 style="width:98%" disabled><!--\
--></td></tr><tr style="padding:0;border:0;"><td style="padding:1px;border:0;white-space:nowrap"><!--\
--><input type=checkbox name=setcreator unchecked \
title="allow changes to tiddler creator" \
onclick="this.form.creator.disabled=!this.checked">created by<!--\
--></td><td style="padding:1px;border:0;white-space:nowrap"><!--\
--><input type=text name=creator size=35 style="width:98%" disabled><!--\
--></td></tr><tr style="padding:0;border:0;"><td style="padding:1px;border:0;white-space:nowrap"><!--\
--><input type=checkbox name=setwho unchecked \
title="allow changes to tiddler author" \
onclick="this.form.who.disabled=!this.checked">modified by<!--\
--></td><td style="padding:1px;border:0;white-space:nowrap"><!--\
--><input type=text name=who size=35 style="width:98%" disabled><!--\
--></td></tr><tr style="padding:0;border:0;"><td style="padding:1px;border:0;white-space:nowrap"><!--\
--><input type=checkbox name=setcdate unchecked \
title="allow changes to created date" \
onclick="var f=this.form; f.cm.disabled=f.cd.disabled=f.cy.disabled=f.ch.disabled=f.cn.disabled=!this.checked"><!--\
-->created on<!--\
--></td><td style="padding:1px;border:0;white-space:nowrap"><!--\
--><input type=text name=cm size=2 style="width:2em;padding:0;text-align:center" disabled><!--\
--> / <input type=text name=cd size=2 style="width:2em;padding:0;text-align:center" disabled><!--\
--> / <input type=text name=cy size=4 style="width:3em;padding:0;text-align:center" disabled><!--\
--> at <input type=text name=ch size=2 style="width:2em;padding:0;text-align:center" disabled><!--\
--> : <input type=text name=cn size=2 style="width:2em;padding:0;text-align:center" disabled><!--\
--></td></tr><tr style="padding:0;border:0;"><td style="padding:1px;border:0;white-space:nowrap"><!--\
--><input type=checkbox name=setmdate unchecked \
title="allow changes to modified date" \
onclick="var f=this.form; f.mm.disabled=f.md.disabled=f.my.disabled=f.mh.disabled=f.mn.disabled=!this.checked"><!--\
-->modified on<!--\
--></td><td style="padding:1px;border:0;white-space:nowrap"><!--\
--><input type=text name=mm size=2 style="width:2em;padding:0;text-align:center" disabled><!--\
--> / <input type=text name=md size=2 style="width:2em;padding:0;text-align:center" disabled><!--\
--> / <input type=text name=my size=4 style="width:3em;padding:0;text-align:center" disabled><!--\
--> at <input type=text name=mh size=2 style="width:2em;padding:0;text-align:center" disabled><!--\
--> : <input type=text name=mn size=2 style="width:2em;padding:0;text-align:center" disabled><!--\
--></td></tr><tr style="padding:0;border:0;"><td style="padding:1px;border:0;white-space:nowrap"><!--\
--><input type=checkbox name=settags checked \
title="allow changes to tiddler tags" \
onclick="this.form.tags.disabled=!this.checked">tags<!--\
--></td><td style="padding:1px;border:0;white-space:nowrap"><!--\
--><input type=text name=tags size=35 value="" style="width:98%" \
title="enter new tags or use \'+tag\' and \'-tag\' to add/remove tags from existing tags"><!--\
--></td></tr></table><!--\
--><div style="margin-top:.8em;text-align:center"><!--\
--><nobr><input type=button name=display disabled style="width:32%" value="display tiddlers" \
onclick="config.macros.tiddlerTweaker.displaytiddlers(this)"><!--\
--> <input type=button name=del disabled style="width:32%" value="delete tiddlers" \
onclick="config.macros.tiddlerTweaker.deltiddlers(this)"><!--\
--> <input type=button name=set disabled style="width:32%" value="update tiddlers" \
onclick="config.macros.tiddlerTweaker.settiddlers(this)"></nobr><!--\
--></div><!--\
--></td></tr></table><!--\
--></form><span style="display:none"><!--content replaced by tiddler "stats"--></span>\
',
handler: function(place,macroName,params,wikifier,paramString,tiddler) {
var span=createTiddlyElement(place,"span");
span.innerHTML=this.html;
this.init(span.firstChild,config.options.txtTweakerSortBy);
},
init: function(f,sortby) { // initialize form controls
if (!f) return; // form might not be rendered yet...
while (f.list.options[0]) f.list.options[0]=null; // empty current list content
var tids=store.getTiddlers(sortby);
if (sortby=="size") // descending order (largest tiddlers listed first)
tids.sort(function(a,b) {return a.text.length > b.text.length ? -1 : (a.text.length == b.text.length ? 0 : +1);});
for (i=0; i<tids.length; i++) {
var label=tids[i].title; var value=tids[i].title;
if (sortby=="modified") {
label=tids[tids.length-i-1].modified.formatString("YY.0MM.0DD 0hh:0mm ")+tids[tids.length-i-1].title;
value=tids[tids.length-i-1].title;
}
if (sortby=="size") label="["+tids[i].text.length+"] "+label;
f.list.options[f.list.length]=new Option(label,value,false,false);
}
f.title.value=f.who.value=f.creator.value=f.tags.value="";
f.cm.value=f.cd.value=f.cy.value=f.ch.value=f.cn.value="";
f.mm.value=f.md.value=f.my.value=f.mh.value=f.mn.value="";
f.stats.disabled=f.set.disabled=f.del.disabled=f.display.disabled=true;
f.settitle.disabled=false;
config.options.txtTweakerSortBy=sortby; // remember current setting
f.sortby.value=sortby; // sync droplist selection with current setting
if (sortby!="title") // non-default preference... save cookie
saveOptionCookie("txtTweakerSortBy");
else { // default preference... clear cookie
var ex=new Date(); ex.setTime(ex.getTime()-1000);
document.cookie = "txtTweakerSortBy=null; path=/; expires="+ex.toGMTString();
}
},
selecttiddlers: function(here) { // enable/disable tweaker fields based on number of items selected
// count how many tiddlers are selected
var f=here.form; var list=f.list;
var c=0; for (i=0;i<list.length;i++) if (list.options[i].selected) c++;
if (c>1) f.title.disabled=true;
if (c>1) f.settitle.checked=false;
f.set.disabled=(c==0);
f.del.disabled=(c==0);
f.display.disabled=(c==0);
f.settitle.disabled=(c>1);
f.stats.disabled=(c==0);
var msg=(c==0)?'select tiddlers':(c+' tiddler'+(c!=1?'s':'')+' selected');
here.previousSibling.firstChild.firstChild.nextSibling.innerHTML=msg;
if (c) clearMessage(); else displayMessage("no tiddlers selected");
},
setfields: function(here) { // set tweaker edit fields from first selected tiddler
var f=here.form;
if (!here.value.length) {
f.title.value=f.who.value=f.creator.value=f.tags.value="";
f.cm.value=f.cd.value=f.cy.value=f.ch.value=f.cn.value="";
f.mm.value=f.md.value=f.my.value=f.mh.value=f.mn.value="";
return;
}
var tid=store.getTiddler(here.value); if (!tid) return;
f.title.value=tid.title;
f.who.value=tid.modifier;
f.creator.value=tid.fields['creator']||''; // custom field - might not exist
f.tags.value=tid.tags.join(' ');
var c=tid.created; var m=tid.modified;
f.cm.value=c.getMonth()+1;
f.cd.value=c.getDate();
f.cy.value=c.getFullYear();
f.ch.value=c.getHours();
f.cn.value=c.getMinutes();
f.mm.value=m.getMonth()+1;
f.md.value=m.getDate();
f.my.value=m.getFullYear();
f.mh.value=m.getHours();
f.mn.value=m.getMinutes();
},
settiddlers: function(here) {
var f=here.form; var list=f.list;
var tids=[];
for (i=0;i<list.length;i++) if (list.options[i].selected) tids.push(list.options[i].value);
if (!tids.length) { alert("please select at least one tiddler"); return; }
var cdate=new Date(f.cy.value,f.cm.value-1,f.cd.value,f.ch.value,f.cn.value);
var mdate=new Date(f.my.value,f.mm.value-1,f.md.value,f.mh.value,f.mn.value);
if (tids.length>1 && !confirm("Are you sure you want to update these tiddlers:\n\n"+tids.join(', '))) return;
store.suspendNotifications();
for (t=0;t<tids.length;t++) {
var tid=store.getTiddler(tids[t]); if (!tid) continue;
var title=!f.settitle.checked?tid.title:f.title.value;
var who=!f.setwho.checked?tid.modifier:f.who.value;
var tags=tid.tags
if (f.settags.checked) {
var intags=f.tags.value.readBracketedList();
var addtags=[]; var deltags=[]; var reptags=[];
for (i=0;i<intags.length;i++) {
if (intags[i].substr(0,1)=='+')
addtags.push(intags[i].substr(1));
else if (intags[i].substr(0,1)=='-')
deltags.push(intags[i].substr(1));
else
reptags.push(intags[i]);
}
if (reptags.length)
tags=reptags;
if (addtags.length)
tags=Array.concat(tags,addtags);
if (deltags.length)
for (i=0;i<deltags.length;i++)
{ var pos=tags.indexOf(deltags[i]); if (pos!=-1) tags.splice(pos,1); }
}
if (!f.setcdate.checked) cdate=tid.created;
if (!f.setmdate.checked) mdate=tid.modified;
store.saveTiddler(tid.title,title,tid.text,who,mdate,tags,tid.fields);
if (f.setcreator.checked) store.setValue(tid.title,'creator',f.creator.value); // set creator
if (f.setcdate.checked) tid.assign(null,null,null,null,null,cdate); // set create date
}
store.resumeNotifications();
this.init(f,f.sortby.value);
},
displaytiddlers: function(here) {
var f=here.form; var list=f.list;
var tids=[];
for (i=0; i<list.length;i++) if (list.options[i].selected) tids.push(list.options[i].value);
if (!tids.length) { alert("please select at least one tiddler"); return; }
story.displayTiddlers(story.findContainingTiddler(f),tids)
},
deltiddlers: function(here) {
var f=here.form; var list=f.list;
var tids=[];
for (i=0;i<list.length;i++) if (list.options[i].selected) tids.push(list.options[i].value);
if (!tids.length) { alert("please select at least one tiddler"); return; }
if (!confirm("Are you sure you want to delete these tiddlers:\n\n"+tids.join(', '))) return;
store.suspendNotifications();
for (t=0;t<tids.length;t++) {
var tid=store.getTiddler(tids[t]); if (!tid) continue;
if (tid.tags.contains("systemConfig"))
if (!confirm("'"+tid.title+"' is tagged with 'systemConfig'.\n\nRemoving this tiddler may cause unexpected results. Are you sure?"))
continue;
store.removeTiddler(tid.title);
}
store.resumeNotifications();
this.init(f,f.sortby.value);
},
stats: function(here) {
var f=here.form; var list=f.list; var tids=[]; var out=''; var tot=0;
var target=f.nextSibling;
for (i=0;i<list.length;i++) if (list.options[i].selected) tids.push(list.options[i].value);
if (!tids.length) { alert("please select at least one tiddler"); return; }
for (t=0;t<tids.length;t++) {
var tid=store.getTiddler(tids[t]); if (!tid) continue;
out+='[['+tid.title+']] '+tid.text.length+'\n'; tot+=tid.text.length;
}
var avg=tot/tids.length;
out=tot+' bytes in '+tids.length+' selected tiddlers ('+avg+' bytes/tiddler)\n<<<\n'+out+'<<<\n';
removeChildren(target);
target.innerHTML="<hr><font size=-2><a href='javascript:;' style='float:right' onclick='this.parentNode.parentNode.style.display=\"none\"'>close</a></font>";
wikify(out,target);
target.style.display="block";
}
};
//}}}
/***
|''Name:''|TiddlersBarPlugin|
|''Description:''|A bar to switch between tiddlers through tabs (like browser tabs bar).|
|''Version:''|1.2.5|
|''Date:''|Jan 18,2008|
|''Source:''|http://visualtw.ouvaton.org/VisualTW.html|
|''Author:''|Pascal Collin|
|''License:''|[[BSD open source license|License]]|
|''~CoreVersion:''|2.1.0|
|''Browser:''|Firefox 2.0; InternetExplorer 6.0, others|
!Demos
On [[homepage|http://visualtw.ouvaton.org/VisualTW.html]], open several tiddlers to use the tabs bar.
!Installation
#import this tiddler from [[homepage|http://visualtw.ouvaton.org/VisualTW.html]] (tagged as systemConfig)
#save and reload
#''if you're using a custom [[PageTemplate]]'', add {{{<div id='tiddlersBar' refresh='none' ondblclick='config.macros.tiddlersBar.onTiddlersBarAction(event)'></div>}}} before {{{<div id='tiddlerDisplay'></div>}}}
#optionally, adjust StyleSheetTiddlersBar
!Tips
*Doubleclick on the tiddlers bar (where there is no tab) create a new tiddler.
*Tabs include a button to close {{{x}}} or save {{{!}}} their tiddler.
*By default, click on the current tab close all others tiddlers.
!Configuration options
<<option chkDisableTabsBar>> Disable the tabs bar (to print, by example).
<<option chkHideTabsBarWhenSingleTab >> Automatically hide the tabs bar when only one tiddler is displayed.
<<option txtSelectedTiddlerTabButton>> ''selected'' tab command button.
<<option txtPreviousTabKey>> previous tab access key.
<<option txtNextTabKey>> next tab access key.
!Code
***/
//{{{
config.options.chkDisableTabsBar = config.options.chkDisableTabsBar ? config.options.chkDisableTabsBar : false;
config.options.chkHideTabsBarWhenSingleTab = config.options.chkHideTabsBarWhenSingleTab ? config.options.chkHideTabsBarWhenSingleTab : false;
config.options.txtSelectedTiddlerTabButton = config.options.txtSelectedTiddlerTabButton ? config.options.txtSelectedTiddlerTabButton : "closeOthers";
config.options.txtPreviousTabKey = config.options.txtPreviousTabKey ? config.options.txtPreviousTabKey : "";
config.options.txtNextTabKey = config.options.txtNextTabKey ? config.options.txtNextTabKey : "";
config.macros.tiddlersBar = {
tooltip : "see ",
tooltipClose : "click here to close this tab",
tooltipSave : "click here to save this tab",
promptRename : "Enter tiddler new name",
currentTiddler : "",
previousState : false,
previousKey : config.options.txtPreviousTabKey,
nextKey : config.options.txtNextTabKey,
tabsAnimationSource : null, //use document.getElementById("tiddlerDisplay") if you need animation on tab switching.
handler: function(place,macroName,params) {
var previous = null;
if (config.macros.tiddlersBar.isShown())
story.forEachTiddler(function(title,e){
if (title==config.macros.tiddlersBar.currentTiddler){
var d = createTiddlyElement(null,"span",null,"tab tabSelected");
config.macros.tiddlersBar.createActiveTabButton(d,title);
if (previous && config.macros.tiddlersBar.previousKey) previous.setAttribute("accessKey",config.macros.tiddlersBar.nextKey);
previous = "active";
}
else {
var d = createTiddlyElement(place,"span",null,"tab tabUnselected");
var btn = createTiddlyButton(d,title,config.macros.tiddlersBar.tooltip + title,config.macros.tiddlersBar.onSelectTab);
btn.setAttribute("tiddler", title);
if (previous=="active" && config.macros.tiddlersBar.nextKey) btn.setAttribute("accessKey",config.macros.tiddlersBar.previousKey);
previous=btn;
}
var isDirty =story.isDirty(title);
var c = createTiddlyButton(d,isDirty ?"!":"x",isDirty?config.macros.tiddlersBar.tooltipSave:config.macros.tiddlersBar.tooltipClose, isDirty ? config.macros.tiddlersBar.onTabSave : config.macros.tiddlersBar.onTabClose,"tabButton");
c.setAttribute("tiddler", title);
if (place.childNodes) {
place.insertBefore(document.createTextNode(" "),place.firstChild); // to allow break line here when many tiddlers are open
place.insertBefore(d,place.firstChild);
}
else place.appendChild(d);
})
},
refresh: function(place,params){
removeChildren(place);
config.macros.tiddlersBar.handler(place,"tiddlersBar",params);
if (config.macros.tiddlersBar.previousState!=config.macros.tiddlersBar.isShown()) {
story.refreshAllTiddlers();
if (config.macros.tiddlersBar.previousState) story.forEachTiddler(function(t,e){e.style.display="";});
config.macros.tiddlersBar.previousState = !config.macros.tiddlersBar.previousState;
}
},
isShown : function(){
if (config.options.chkDisableTabsBar) return false;
if (!config.options.chkHideTabsBarWhenSingleTab) return true;
var cpt=0;
story.forEachTiddler(function(){cpt++});
return (cpt>1);
},
selectNextTab : function(){ //used when the current tab is closed (to select another tab)
var previous="";
story.forEachTiddler(function(title){
if (!config.macros.tiddlersBar.currentTiddler) {
story.displayTiddler(null,title);
return;
}
if (title==config.macros.tiddlersBar.currentTiddler) {
if (previous) {
story.displayTiddler(null,previous);
return;
}
else config.macros.tiddlersBar.currentTiddler=""; // so next tab will be selected
}
else previous=title;
});
},
onSelectTab : function(e){
var t = this.getAttribute("tiddler");
if (t) story.displayTiddler(null,t);
return false;
},
onTabClose : function(e){
var t = this.getAttribute("tiddler");
if (t) {
if(story.hasChanges(t) && !readOnly) {
if(!confirm(config.commands.cancelTiddler.warning.format([t])))
return false;
}
story.closeTiddler(t);
}
return false;
},
onTabSave : function(e) {
var t = this.getAttribute("tiddler");
if (!e) e=window.event;
if (t) config.commands.saveTiddler.handler(e,null,t);
return false;
},
onSelectedTabButtonClick : function(event,src,title) {
var t = this.getAttribute("tiddler");
if (!event) event=window.event;
if (t && config.options.txtSelectedTiddlerTabButton && config.commands[config.options.txtSelectedTiddlerTabButton])
config.commands[config.options.txtSelectedTiddlerTabButton].handler(event, src, t);
return false;
},
onTiddlersBarAction: function(event) {
var source = event.target ? event.target.id : event.srcElement.id; // FF uses target and IE uses srcElement;
if (source=="tiddlersBar") story.displayTiddler(null,'New Tiddler',DEFAULT_EDIT_TEMPLATE,false,null,null);
},
createActiveTabButton : function(place,title) {
if (config.options.txtSelectedTiddlerTabButton && config.commands[config.options.txtSelectedTiddlerTabButton]) {
var btn = createTiddlyButton(place, title, config.commands[config.options.txtSelectedTiddlerTabButton].tooltip ,config.macros.tiddlersBar.onSelectedTabButtonClick);
btn.setAttribute("tiddler", title);
}
else
createTiddlyText(place,title);
}
}
story.coreCloseTiddler = story.coreCloseTiddler? story.coreCloseTiddler : story.closeTiddler;
story.coreDisplayTiddler = story.coreDisplayTiddler ? story.coreDisplayTiddler : story.displayTiddler;
story.closeTiddler = function(title,animate,unused) {
if (title==config.macros.tiddlersBar.currentTiddler)
config.macros.tiddlersBar.selectNextTab();
story.coreCloseTiddler(title,false,unused); //disable animation to get it closed before calling tiddlersBar.refresh
var e=document.getElementById("tiddlersBar");
if (e) config.macros.tiddlersBar.refresh(e,null);
}
story.displayTiddler = function(srcElement,tiddler,template,animate,unused,customFields,toggle){
story.coreDisplayTiddler(config.macros.tiddlersBar.tabsAnimationSource,tiddler,template,animate,unused,customFields,toggle);
var title = (tiddler instanceof Tiddler)? tiddler.title : tiddler;
if (config.macros.tiddlersBar.isShown()) {
story.forEachTiddler(function(t,e){
if (t!=title) e.style.display="none";
else e.style.display="";
})
config.macros.tiddlersBar.currentTiddler=title;
}
var e=document.getElementById("tiddlersBar");
if (e) config.macros.tiddlersBar.refresh(e,null);
}
var coreRefreshPageTemplate = coreRefreshPageTemplate ? coreRefreshPageTemplate : refreshPageTemplate;
refreshPageTemplate = function(title) {
coreRefreshPageTemplate(title);
if (config.macros.tiddlersBar) config.macros.tiddlersBar.refresh(document.getElementById("tiddlersBar"));
}
ensureVisible=function (e) {return 0} //disable bottom scrolling (not useful now)
config.shadowTiddlers.StyleSheetTiddlersBar = "/*{{{*/\n";
config.shadowTiddlers.StyleSheetTiddlersBar += "#tiddlersBar .button {border:0}\n";
config.shadowTiddlers.StyleSheetTiddlersBar += "#tiddlersBar .tab {white-space:nowrap}\n";
config.shadowTiddlers.StyleSheetTiddlersBar += "#tiddlersBar {padding : 1em 0.5em 2px 0.5em}\n";
config.shadowTiddlers.StyleSheetTiddlersBar += ".tabUnselected .tabButton, .tabSelected .tabButton {padding : 0 2px 0 2px; margin: 0 0 0 4px;}\n";
config.shadowTiddlers.StyleSheetTiddlersBar += ".tiddler, .tabContents {border:1px [[ColorPalette::TertiaryPale]] solid;}\n";
config.shadowTiddlers.StyleSheetTiddlersBar +="/*}}}*/";
store.addNotification("StyleSheetTiddlersBar", refreshStyles);
config.refreshers.none = function(){return true;}
config.shadowTiddlers.PageTemplate=config.shadowTiddlers.PageTemplate.replace(/<div id='tiddlerDisplay'><\/div>/m,"<div id='tiddlersBar' refresh='none' ondblclick='config.macros.tiddlersBar.onTiddlersBarAction(event)'></div>\n<div id='tiddlerDisplay'></div>");
//}}}
<html><a href="http://ratbagradio.tiddlyspot.com/">RatbagMedia </a><br><a href="http://www.tiddlywiki.com/">TiddlyWiki - </a><br><a href="http://tidhelp.tiddlyspot.com/">Tid-Help - a primer for tiddlywiki</a><br><a href="http://www.giffmex.org/twfortherestofus.html">TiddlyWiki for the rest of us -</a><br><a href="http://www.tiddlywiki.org/wiki/Main_Page">TiddlyWiki.org</a><br><a href="http://tiddlyspot.com/twhelp/#%5B%5BFireFox%20Tips%5D%5D">TwHelp - TiddlyWiki help file for beginners</a><br><a href="http://tiddlywikiguides.org/index.php?title=TiddlyWiki_Guides">TiddlyWiki Guides </a><br><a href="http://mptw.tiddlyspot.com/">MonkeyPirateTiddlyWiki - a tiddlywiki distribution </a><br><a href="http://faq.tiddlyspot.com/">tiddlyspot - frequently asked questions</a><br><a href="http://lewcid.org/tiddlywiki-bookmarklets/">TiddlyWiki Bookmarklets — Tiddly Learning</a><br><a href="http://visualtw.ouvaton.org/VisualTW.html">VisualTW - Wysiwyg, tabs, fields editor and encryption plugins</a><br>
<div class="sitesubtitle"><a href="http://giffmex.tiddlyspot.com/">TiddlyWiki in Action</a> A showcase of TiddlyWikis used creatively around the world
</div><br>
<br><br><br><br></html>
<<haloscan comments>>
<html><span tiddler="TWHelpSiteLinks" refresh="content"><blockquote><ol><li><span class="bigLink"><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://tiddlywiki.com/" href="http://tiddlywiki.com/" class="externalLink">Master TiddlyWiki Site</a></span> <span style="color: rgb(204, 0, 102);"><strong><span>»</span> <span>»</span></strong> </span>Jeremy Ruston's Official TW Information Source</li><li><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://groups.google.com/group/TiddlyWiki/topics" href="http://groups.google.com/group/TiddlyWiki/topics" class="externalLink">TiddlyWiki Discussion Group</a> <span style="color: rgb(204, 0, 102);"><strong><span>»</span> <span>»</span></strong> </span>TiddlyWiki Discussion Group</li><li><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://groups.google.com/group/TiddlyWikiDev/" href="http://groups.google.com/group/TiddlyWikiDev/" class="externalLink">TiddlyWiki Developers Group</a> <span style="color: rgb(204, 0, 102);"><strong><span>»</span> <span>»</span></strong> </span>TiddlyWiki Developers Discussion Group</li><li><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://www.tiddlywiki.org/" href="http://www.tiddlywiki.org/" class="externalLink">Public Wiki Help Site</a> <span style="color: rgb(204, 0, 102);"><strong><span>»</span> <span>»</span></strong> </span> Go add your knowledge.</li><li><span class="bigLink"><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://tiddlyvault.tiddlyspot.com/" href="http://tiddlyvault.tiddlyspot.com/" class="externalLink">TiddlyVault</a></span><span style="color: rgb(204, 0, 102);"><strong><span>»</span> <span>»</span></strong> </span> A directory of all known plugins</li><li><span class="bigLink"><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://www.giffmex.org/twfortherestofus.html" href="http://www.giffmex.org/twfortherestofus.html" class="externalLink">TiddlyWiki for the rest of us </a></span> <span style="color: rgb(204, 0, 102);"><strong><span>»</span> <span>»</span></strong> </span>TiddlyWiki tutorial <span style="position: relative;"><a openedtip="hide more » »" openedtext="more » »" closedtip="show more » »" closedtext="more » »" class="button" title="show more » »" href="javascript:;">more » »</a><div style="display: none; width: 20em; left: 0px; top: 15px;" transient="false" class="floatingPanel">Some other sites, themes and applications to download.<br><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://www.giffmex.org/organizertw.html" href="http://www.giffmex.org/organizertw.html" class="externalLink">Journal</a> <br><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://www.giffmex.org/emptynotestw.html" href="http://www.giffmex.org/emptynotestw.html" class="externalLink">My Notes</a><br><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://giffmex.tiddlyspot.com/" href="http://giffmex.tiddlyspot.com/" class="externalLink">TW Showcase</a> <br><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://www.giffmex.org/tiddlydu.html" href="http://www.giffmex.org/tiddlydu.html" class="externalLink">TiddlyDu</a><br><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://tiddlyvault.tiddlyspot.com/" href="http://tiddlyvault.tiddlyspot.com/" class="externalLink">Plugin (vault ) Directory</a></div></span></li><li><span class="bigLink"><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://tiddlertoddler.tiddlyspot.com/" href="http://tiddlertoddler.tiddlyspot.com/" class="externalLink">TiddlerToddler</a></span> <span style="color: rgb(204, 0, 102);"><strong><span>»</span> <span>»</span></strong> </span> an absolute beginner's guide to TiddlyWiki</li><li><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://www.giffmex.org/tiddlywikipowerpoint.ppt" href="http://www.giffmex.org/tiddlywikipowerpoint.ppt" class="externalLink">A PowerPoint presentation on TiddlyWiki</a> <span style="color: rgb(204, 0, 102);"><strong><span>»</span> <span>»</span></strong> </span> By Dave Gifford (7mb)</li><li><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://visualtw.ouvaton.org/VisualTW.html" href="http://visualtw.ouvaton.org/VisualTW.html" class="externalLink">VisualTW</a> <span style="color: rgb(204, 0, 102);"><strong><span>»</span> <span>»</span></strong> </span> Wysiwyg plugin <span style="color: rgb(204, 0, 102);"><strong><span>»</span> <span>»</span></strong> </span> Encrypted fields plugin</li><li><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://tiddlywikiguides.org/" href="http://tiddlywikiguides.org/" class="externalLink">TiddlyWiki Guides</a> <span style="color: rgb(204, 0, 102);"><strong><span>»</span> <span>»</span></strong> </span>Welcome to the (unofficial) TiddlyWiki Guides</li><li><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://tiddlywikitips.com/" href="http://tiddlywikitips.com/" class="externalLink">TiddlyWikiTips</a> <span style="color: rgb(204, 0, 102);"><strong><span>»</span> <span>»</span></strong> </span>TiddlyWikiTips.com is run by Jim Barr </li><li><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://www.blogjones.com/TiddlyWikiTutorial.html" href="http://www.blogjones.com/TiddlyWikiTutorial.html" class="externalLink">TiddlyWikiTutorial</a> <span style="color: rgb(204, 0, 102);"><strong><span>»</span> <span>»</span></strong> </span>Learn the Basics of TiddlyWiki</li><li><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://tiddlyspot.com/" href="http://tiddlyspot.com/" class="externalLink">TiddlySpot</a> <span style="color: rgb(204, 0, 102);"><strong><span>»</span> <span>»</span></strong> </span>Free Tiddlywikis and Hosting</li><li><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://twfaq.tiddlyspot.com/" href="http://twfaq.tiddlyspot.com/" class="externalLink">TiddlySpotFAQ</a> <span style="color: rgb(204, 0, 102);"><strong><span>»</span> <span>»</span></strong> </span>Questions and Answers</li><li><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://tiddlythemes.com/#Home" href="http://tiddlythemes.com/#Home" class="externalLink">TiddlyThemes</a><span style="color: rgb(204, 0, 102);"><strong><span>»</span> <span>»</span></strong> </span> A gallery of TiddlyWiki themes </li><li><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://tiddlythemes.com/empties/Rin.html" href="http://tiddlythemes.com/empties/Rin.html" class="externalLink">TiddlyThemes-Rin</a><span style="color: rgb(204, 0, 102);"><strong><span>»</span> <span>»</span></strong> </span> A Most Popular Theme <a target="_blank" title="External link to http://blog.checkettsweb.com/" href="http://blog.checkettsweb.com/" class="externalLink">Clint Checkett's Blog</a></li><li><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://tiddlytools.com/" href="http://tiddlytools.com/" class="externalLink">TiddlyTools</a> <span style="color: rgb(204, 0, 102);"><strong><span>»</span> <span>»</span></strong> </span>Extensive collection of fabulous Plugins and much more</li><li><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://www.tiddlywiki.org/" href="http://www.tiddlywiki.org/" class="externalLink">TiddlyWiki Org</a> <span style="color: rgb(204, 0, 102);"><strong><span>»</span> <span>»</span></strong> </span><a openedtip="hide Read more..." openedtext="Read more..." closedtip="show Read more..." closedtext="Read more..." class="button" title="show Read more..." href="javascript:;">Read more...</a><div style="display: none;" transient="false" class="sliderPanel">The purpose of TiddlyWiki.org is to support the community that has grown up around TiddlyWiki with the infrastructure needed to share in its development while maintaining and improving quality. TiddlyWiki.org also hosts projects related to TiddlyWiki such as ZiddlyWiki (a serverside implementation of TiddlyWiki) and TiddlySnip (a Firefox extension that enhances TiddlyWiki).</div></li><li><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://tidhelp.tiddlyspot.com/" href="http://tidhelp.tiddlyspot.com/" class="externalLink">Tid-Help</a> <span style="color: rgb(204, 0, 102);"><strong><span>»</span> <span>»</span></strong> </span> Help/Tutorial</li><li><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://knighjm.googlepages.com/knightnet-default-tw.html" href="http://knighjm.googlepages.com/knightnet-default-tw.html" class="externalLink">Knightnet</a> <span style="color: rgb(204, 0, 102);"><strong><span>»</span> <span>»</span></strong> </span>Knightnet Default TiddlyWiki TW the way I like it - plus my Plugins</li><li><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Using_TiddlyWiki" href="http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Using_TiddlyWiki" class="externalLink">Using TiddlyWiki</a> <span style="color: rgb(204, 0, 102);"><strong><span>»</span> <span>»</span></strong> </span>From Wikibooks, the open-content textbooks collection</li><li><strong><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://twhelp.tiddlyspot.com/" href="http://twhelp.tiddlyspot.com/" class="externalLink">TW Help</a></strong> <span style="color: rgb(204, 0, 102);"><strong><span>»</span> <span>»</span></strong> </span><strong>This TiddlyWiki</strong> (you're already there..here... you're in it now!) <a target="_blank" title="External link to http://tinyurl.com/3x3p4d" href="http://tinyurl.com/3x3p4d" class="externalLink">TW Help Alt.</a></li><li><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://www.martinswiki.com/" href="http://www.martinswiki.com/" class="externalLink">Martin's Wiki</a> <span style="color: rgb(204, 0, 102);"><strong><span>»</span> <span>»</span></strong> </span> Cross-Wiki Formatting plugins </li><li><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://svn.tiddlywiki.org/Trunk/" href="http://svn.tiddlywiki.org/Trunk/" class="externalLink">http://svn.tiddlywiki.org/Trunk/</a></li><li><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://svn.tiddlywiki.org/Trunk/contributors/" href="http://svn.tiddlywiki.org/Trunk/contributors/" class="externalLink">http://svn.tiddlywiki.org/Trunk/contributors/</a></li><li><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://trac.tiddlywiki.org/browser/Trunk" href="http://trac.tiddlywiki.org/browser/Trunk" class="externalLink">http://trac.tiddlywiki.org/browser/Trunk</a></li></ol><br><hr></blockquote></span><a openedtip="hide Fold WatchThisSpace" openedtext="Fold WatchThisSpace" closedtip="show Fold WatchThisSpace" closedtext="Fold WatchThisSpace" class="button" title="hide Fold WatchThisSpace" href="javascript:;">Fold WatchThisSpace</a><div style="display: block;" transient="false" class="sliderPanel"><span tiddler="WatchThisSpace" refresh="content"><h3><strong>WatchThisSpace</strong><sup><a tiddler="WatchThisSpace" commandname="editTiddler" class="button" title="Edit this tiddler" href="javascript:;">edit</a></sup></h3><blockquote><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://www.wikimatrix.org/" href="http://www.wikimatrix.org/" class="externalLink">http://www.wikimatrix.org/</a> <span style="color: rgb(204, 0, 102);"><strong><span>»</span> <span>»</span></strong> </span> Compare Wikis<br><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://users.ictp.it/~pwc/" href="http://users.ictp.it/%7Epwc/" class="externalLink">http://users.ictp.it/~pwc/</a> » » Earth System Physics - Weather and Climate (Italy)<br><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://people.pwf.cam.ac.uk/rjr20/details/links.html" href="http://people.pwf.cam.ac.uk/rjr20/details/links.html" class="externalLink">http://people.pwf.cam.ac.uk/rjr20/details/links.html</a><br><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://www.hawksworx.com/journal/2007/07/" href="http://www.hawksworx.com/journal/2007/07/" class="externalLink">http://www.hawksworx.com/journal/2007/07/</a> <span style="color: rgb(204, 0, 102);"><strong><span>»</span> <span>»</span></strong> </span> Google Analytics<br><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://www.uniforum.chi.il.us/slides/TiddlyWiki.html" href="http://www.uniforum.chi.il.us/slides/TiddlyWiki.html" class="externalLink">http://www.uniforum.chi.il.us/slides/TiddlyWiki.html</a><br><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://iewiki.net/plugins/#DisableEditingPlugin" href="http://iewiki.net/plugins/#DisableEditingPlugin" class="externalLink">http://iewiki.net/plugins/#DisableEditingPlugin</a><br><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://weave.tiddlyspot.com/" href="http://weave.tiddlyspot.com/" class="externalLink">http://weave.tiddlyspot.com/</a> <span style="color: rgb(204, 0, 102);"><strong><span>»</span> <span>»</span></strong> </span>Auto mark tiddlers as link in text.<br><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://vipa.3host.biz/TiddlyDesktop.html" href="http://vipa.3host.biz/TiddlyDesktop.html" class="externalLink">http://vipa.3host.biz/TiddlyDesktop.html</a><br><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://www.commoncraft.com/video-wikis-plain-english" href="http://www.commoncraft.com/video-wikis-plain-english" class="externalLink">http://www.commoncraft.com/video-wikis-plain-english</a><br><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://www.osmosoft.com/" href="http://www.osmosoft.com/" class="externalLink">http://www.osmosoft.com/</a><br><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://www.tiddlywiki.org" href="http://www.tiddlywiki.org" class="externalLink">http://www.tiddlywiki.org</a><br><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://www.tiddlywiki.org/tmp/panelPortal1.html" href="http://www.tiddlywiki.org/tmp/panelPortal1.html" class="externalLink">http://www.tiddlywiki.org/tmp/panelPortal1.html</a><br><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://www.tiddlywiki.org/wiki/Help:Sandbox" href="http://www.tiddlywiki.org/wiki/Help:Sandbox" class="externalLink">http://www.tiddlywiki.org/wiki/Help:Sandbox</a><br><hr><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://discourse.tiddlyspot.com/" href="http://discourse.tiddlyspot.com/" class="externalLink">http://discourse.tiddlyspot.com/</a> <span style="color: rgb(204, 0, 102);"><strong><span>»</span> <span>»</span></strong> </span> Notes about International Relations and Political Philosophy. <br><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://students.washington.edu/adcockm/amateurastronomythesaurus/" href="http://students.washington.edu/adcockm/amateurastronomythesaurus/" class="externalLink">http://students.washington.edu/adcockm/amateurastronomythesaurus/</a> <a openedtip="hide +more" openedtext="+more" closedtip="show +more" closedtext="+more" class="button" title="show +more" href="javascript:;">+more</a><div style="display: none;" transient="false" class="sliderPanel"><table><tbody><tr class="evenRow"><td>While
Michael's document is use-case specific, it does show the basic idea of
using custom fields to represent additional tiddler links,based on
specifically defined relationships (in this case: use, used by, related
term, broader term, narrower term, or "scope notes").<br><br></td></tr></tbody></table></div><br><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://msal.tiddlyspot.com/" href="http://msal.tiddlyspot.com/" class="externalLink">http://msal.tiddlyspot.com/</a> <span style="color: rgb(204, 0, 102);"><strong><span>»</span> <span>»</span></strong> </span>Good mix of plugins<br><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://tinyurl.com/2uuxep" href="http://tinyurl.com/2uuxep" class="externalLink">http://tinyurl.com/2uuxep</a> <span style="color: rgb(204, 0, 102);"><strong><span>»</span> <span>»</span></strong> </span> Web Campaigning Digital Supplement<br><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://reiber.org/PaulsToDo.html" href="http://reiber.org/PaulsToDo.html" class="externalLink">http://reiber.org/PaulsToDo.html</a><br><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://moodle.tiddlyspot.com/" href="http://moodle.tiddlyspot.com/" class="externalLink">http://moodle.tiddlyspot.com/</a><br><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://www.mcelwee.net/MarcusWiki.html" href="http://www.mcelwee.net/MarcusWiki.html" class="externalLink">http://www.mcelwee.net/MarcusWiki.html</a><br><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://dahukanna.net/wiki/tiddlywiki.htm" href="http://dahukanna.net/wiki/tiddlywiki.htm" class="externalLink">Dawn-dahukanna.net</a> <span style="color: rgb(204, 0, 102);"><strong><span>»</span> <span>»</span></strong> </span> <a target="_blank" title="External link to http://project.dahukanna.net/tiddlywiki/twextensions.htm" href="http://project.dahukanna.net/tiddlywiki/twextensions.htm" class="externalLink">HyperGraph</a> <span style="color: rgb(204, 0, 102);"><strong><span>»</span> <span>»</span></strong> </span> <a target="_blank" title="External link to http://project.dahukanna.net/tiddlywiki/timeline/sampletimeline213.html" href="http://project.dahukanna.net/tiddlywiki/timeline/sampletimeline213.html" class="externalLink">Timeline 2.1.3</a><br><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://visualtw.ouvaton.org/VisualTW.html" href="http://visualtw.ouvaton.org/VisualTW.html" class="externalLink">VisualTW</a> <span style="color: rgb(204, 0, 102);"><strong><span>»</span> <span>»</span></strong> </span> Wysiwyg plugin <span style="color: rgb(204, 0, 102);"><strong><span>»</span> <span>»</span></strong> </span> Encrypted fields plugin<br><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://wiki.fckeditor.net/Developer%27s_Guide/Customization/Plug-ins" href="http://wiki.fckeditor.net/Developer%27s_Guide/Customization/Plug-ins" class="externalLink">http://wiki.fckeditor.net/Developer%27s_Guide/Customization/Plug-ins</a><br><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://www.dynarch.com/projects/htmlarea/" href="http://www.dynarch.com/projects/htmlarea/" class="externalLink">http://www.dynarch.com/projects/htmlarea/</a> used for <a tiddlylink="ASciencePad" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'ASciencePad' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">ASciencePad</a> now obsolete.<br><hr><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://trac.tiddlywiki.org/wiki/History" href="http://trac.tiddlywiki.org/wiki/History" class="externalLink">TiddlyWiki Revision History</a><br><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://www.tiddlywiki.org/wiki/ReleaseNoteTwoPointTwo" href="http://www.tiddlywiki.org/wiki/ReleaseNoteTwoPointTwo" class="externalLink">TiddlyWiki Revision History Ver: 2.2</a>(13.05.07)<br><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://www.tiddlypedia.com/solarsystem/" href="http://www.tiddlypedia.com/solarsystem/" class="externalLink">TiddlyPedia</a> (the tiddlers therein are copied directly from Wikipedia) <br><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://www.martinswiki.com/timeline/" href="http://www.martinswiki.com/timeline/" class="externalLink">TimeLine Project</a> <a openedtip="hide more..." openedtext="more..." closedtip="show more..." closedtext="more..." class="button" title="show more..." href="javascript:;">more...</a><div style="display: none;" transient="false" class="sliderPanel"><blockquote>I submitted this question to the <a tiddlylink="TiddlyWiki" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkExisting" title="TiddlyWiki - MorrisGray, Sunday, July 08, 2007 8:57:00 PM" href="javascript:;">TiddlyWiki</a> Requests group. Has anyone<br>attempted a <a tiddlylink="TiddlyWiki" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkExisting" title="TiddlyWiki - MorrisGray, Sunday, July 08, 2007 8:57:00 PM" href="javascript:;">TiddlyWiki</a> plugin that incorporates the Timeline widget<br>developed at MIT?<br><br><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://simile.mit.edu/timeline/" href="http://simile.mit.edu/timeline/" class="externalLink">http://simile.mit.edu/timeline/</a> <br><br></blockquote></div><br><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://sparkline.wikispaces.com/Examples" href="http://sparkline.wikispaces.com/Examples" class="externalLink">SparkLines WebPage</a> <a openedtip="hide more..." openedtext="more..." closedtip="show more..." closedtext="more..." class="button" title="show more..." href="javascript:;">more...</a><div style="display: none;" transient="false" class="sliderPanel"><blockquote>I'm
hoping to keep a running list of web sparklines found 'in the wild'. If
possible, note the technology used to create the sparklines.<br>Sparkline PHP Library<br></blockquote></div><br><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://www.wikispaces.com/" href="http://www.wikispaces.com/" class="externalLink">WikiSpaces</a> Free editable wikis<br></blockquote></span></div><a openedtip="hide TWLinkCollection" openedtext="TWLinkCollection" closedtip="show TWLinkCollection" closedtext="TWLinkCollection" class="button" title="hide TWLinkCollection" href="javascript:;">TWLinkCollection</a><div style="display: block;" transient="false" class="sliderPanel"><span tiddler="TWLinkCollection" refresh="content"><h3><div style="overflow: hidden; position: relative; z-index: 0;" class="gradient"><span> </span><a tiddlylink="TWLinkCollection" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkExisting" title="TWLinkCollection - YourName, Tuesday, September 18, 2007 9:04:00 PM" href="javascript:;">TWLinkCollection</a> <sup><a tiddlylink="TWLinkCollection" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkExisting" title="TWLinkCollection - YourName, Tuesday, September 18, 2007 9:04:00 PM" href="javascript:;">Edit this</a></sup></div></h3><hr><blockquote><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://groups.google.com/group/TiddlyWiki" href="http://groups.google.com/group/TiddlyWiki" class="externalLink">TiddlyWiki Group</a> TiddlyWiki Discussion Group<br><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://tiddlywikiguides.org/" href="http://tiddlywikiguides.org/" class="externalLink">http://tiddlywikiguides.org/</a><br><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://shared.snapgrid.com/index.html" href="http://shared.snapgrid.com/index.html" class="externalLink">GTDTiddlyWiki</a><br><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://tiddlywiki.com/" href="http://tiddlywiki.com/" class="externalLink">http://tiddlywiki.com/</a><br><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://tiddlyspot.com" href="http://tiddlyspot.com" class="externalLink">TiddlySpot</a><br><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://twfaq.tiddlyspot.com/" href="http://twfaq.tiddlyspot.com/" class="externalLink">TiddlySpotFAQ</a><br><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://tiddlystyles.com/" href="http://tiddlystyles.com/" class="externalLink">http://tiddlystyles.com/</a><br><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://solo.dc3.com/tw/" href="http://solo.dc3.com/tw/" class="externalLink">http://solo.dc3.com/tw/</a> Red Mountain Vista Bob Denny's extensions to <a tiddlylink="TiddlyWiki" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkExisting" title="TiddlyWiki - MorrisGray, Sunday, July 08, 2007 8:57:00 PM" href="javascript:;">TiddlyWiki</a> <br><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://www.checkettsweb.com/" href="http://www.checkettsweb.com/" class="externalLink">http://www.checkettsweb.com/</a><br><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://tiddlytools.com/" href="http://tiddlytools.com/" class="externalLink">http://tiddlytools.com/</a><br><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://www.tiddlywiki.org/" href="http://www.tiddlywiki.org/" class="externalLink">TiddlyWiki Org</a><br><a tiddlylink="TiddlyWikiAdaptations" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkExisting" title="TiddlyWikiAdaptations - YourName, Monday, July 02, 2007 1:45:00 AM" href="javascript:;">TiddlyWikiAdaptations</a><br><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://www.blogjones.com/TiddlyWikiTutorial.html" href="http://www.blogjones.com/TiddlyWikiTutorial.html" class="externalLink">TiddlyWikiTutorial</a><br><br><div style="display: block;" transient="false" class="sliderPanel"><span tiddler="PluginSites" refresh="content"><h3><strong><a tiddlylink="PluginSites" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkExisting" title="PluginSites - YourName, Wednesday, June 27, 2007 10:45:00 AM" href="javascript:;">PluginSites</a></strong> <sup><a tiddlylink="ThirdPartyPlugins" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkExisting" title="ThirdPartyPlugins - YourName, Tuesday, March 04, 2008 1:28:00 AM" href="javascript:;">Root</a><span style="color: rgb(204, 0, 102);"><span>»</span></span><a tiddlylink="PluginSites" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkExisting" title="PluginSites - YourName, Wednesday, June 27, 2007 10:45:00 AM" href="javascript:;">Detach this</a></sup></h3><hr><blockquote><ul><li>The community is also using the <a target="_blank" title="External link to http://del.icio.us/" href="http://del.icio.us/" class="externalLink">del.icio.us</a> bookmarking service to create a <a target="_blank" title="External link to http://del.icio.us/TiddlyWikiPlugin" href="http://del.icio.us/TiddlyWikiPlugin" class="externalLink">PluginDirectory</a></li></ul><span tiddler="ThirdPartyPlugins/Links" refresh="content"></span><br></blockquote><h4>This is a FireFox extention for snipping Internet text to add to your TiddlyWiki</h4><blockquote><ul><li><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://tiddlysnip.com" href="http://tiddlysnip.com" class="externalLink">TiddlySnip FireFox Extension</a><span style="color: rgb(204, 0, 102);"><strong><span>»</span> <span>»</span></strong> </span><a openedtip="hide Read more.." openedtext="Read more.." closedtip="show Read more.." closedtext="Read more.." class="button" title="show Read more.." href="javascript:;">Read more..</a><div style="display: none;" transient="false" class="sliderPanel"><a tiddlylink="TiddlySnip" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkExisting" title="TiddlySnip - MorrisGray, Sunday, September 09, 2007 6:05:00 PM" href="javascript:;">TiddlySnip</a> is a Firefox extension that lets you use your <a tiddlylink="TiddlyWiki" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkExisting" title="TiddlyWiki - MorrisGray, Sunday, July 08, 2007 8:57:00 PM" href="javascript:;">TiddlyWiki</a> as a scrapbook! Simply select text, right click and choose '<a tiddlylink="TiddlySnip" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkExisting" title="TiddlySnip - MorrisGray, Sunday, September 09, 2007 6:05:00 PM" href="javascript:;">TiddlySnip</a> selection'. Next time you open your <a tiddlylink="TiddlyWiki" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkExisting" title="TiddlyWiki - MorrisGray, Sunday, July 08, 2007 8:57:00 PM" href="javascript:;">TiddlyWiki</a> file, your snippets will be there, already tagged and organised.</div></li></ul></blockquote></span></div><a openedtip="hide Fold TWExamples" openedtext="Fold TWExamples" closedtip="show Fold TWExamples" closedtext="Fold TWExamples" class="button" title="hide Fold TWExamples" href="javascript:;">Fold TWExamples</a><div style="display: block;" transient="false" class="sliderPanel"><span tiddler="TWExamples" refresh="content"><h3><span> </span><strong>TWExamples</strong><sup><a tiddler="TWExamples" commandname="editTiddler" class="button" title="Edit this tiddler" href="javascript:;">edit</a></sup></h3><hr><blockquote>TiddlyWiki is being used for all kinds of things:<br><ul><li><a openedtip="hide + Tiddlypedia a collection of Wikipedia articles collected into a TiddlyWiki" openedtext="+ Tiddlypedia a collection of Wikipedia articles collected into a TiddlyWiki" closedtip="show + Tiddlypedia a collection of Wikipedia articles collected into a TiddlyWiki" closedtext="+ Tiddlypedia a collection of Wikipedia articles collected into a TiddlyWiki" class="button" title="show + Tiddlypedia a collection of Wikipedia articles collected into a TiddlyWiki" href="javascript:;">+ Tiddlypedia a collection of Wikipedia articles collected into a TiddlyWiki</a><div style="display: none;" transient="false" class="sliderPanel"><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://www.tiddlypedia.com/nordic/" href="http://www.tiddlypedia.com/nordic/" class="externalLink">The Nordic countries</a> <br><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://www.tiddlypedia.com/solarsystem/" href="http://www.tiddlypedia.com/solarsystem/" class="externalLink">Solar System</a><br><hr></div></li><li><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://t342.tiddlyspot.com/" href="http://t342.tiddlyspot.com/" class="externalLink">T342</a></li><li><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://tvphoto.eml.cc/" href="http://tvphoto.eml.cc/" class="externalLink">Photography</a> Nice Site</li><li><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://informationr.net/tdw/publ/chain_indexing/chain_indexing.html#Instructions" href="http://informationr.net/tdw/publ/chain_indexing/chain_indexing.html#Instructions" class="externalLink">Click here for An introduction to chain indexing Dewey Decimal</a></li><li><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://giffmex.tiddlyspot.com/" href="http://giffmex.tiddlyspot.com/" class="externalLink">TW Showcase</a></li><li><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://technology-escapades.net/qualitative.htm" href="http://technology-escapades.net/qualitative.htm" class="externalLink">My Qualitative TiddlyWiki</a> <span style="color: rgb(204, 0, 102);"><strong><span>»</span> <span>»</span></strong> </span> by CynthiaRussell</li><li><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://technology-escapades.net/APA.htm" href="http://technology-escapades.net/APA.htm" class="externalLink">My APA TiddlyWiki</a> <span style="color: rgb(204, 0, 102);"><strong><span>»</span> <span>»</span></strong> </span> by CynthiaRussell</li><li><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://ktrey.tiddlyspot.com/" href="http://ktrey.tiddlyspot.com/" class="externalLink">My name is Ktrey</a> writing painfully amateurish album reviews</li><li><strong><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://www.blinklist.com/tag/tiddlywiki/" href="http://www.blinklist.com/tag/tiddlywiki/" class="externalLink">TiddlyWiki Blink List</a></strong> Where dozens of <a tiddlylink="TiddlyWikis" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'TiddlyWikis' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">TiddlyWikis</a> hang out together.</li><li><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://hytext.com/TOPS.html" href="http://hytext.com/TOPS.html" class="externalLink">Task Oriented Performance Support </a> <span style="color: rgb(204, 0, 102);"><strong><span>»</span> <span>»</span></strong> </span> By Jerry Muelver</li><li><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://luceatlux.net/mcasmath10/" href="http://luceatlux.net/mcasmath10/" class="externalLink">George C Brackett</a> A TiddlyWiki for studying math or science</li><li><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://elj.tiddlyspot.com/" href="http://elj.tiddlyspot.com/" class="externalLink">EdgarJ</a> personal home page</li><li> Schools in South Australia to <a target="_blank" title="External link to https://secure.ait.org/wiki/background.htm" href="https://secure.ait.org/wiki/background.htm" class="externalLink">distribute class materials to students</a></li><li> <a tiddlylink="ChrisJohnson" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'ChrisJohnson' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">ChrisJohnson</a>'s <a target="_blank" title="External link to http://www.spkml.com/" href="http://www.spkml.com/" class="externalLink">personal home page</a></li><li> <a tiddlylink="JacksonBoyle" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'JacksonBoyle' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">JacksonBoyle</a>'s collection of <a target="_blank" title="External link to http://jacksonboyle.com/kitchen.htm" href="http://jacksonboyle.com/kitchen.htm" class="externalLink">recipes</a></li><li> <a tiddlylink="JonathanCamp" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'JonathanCamp' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">JonathanCamp</a>'s guide to <a target="_blank" title="External link to http://www.microupdate.net/cms/doc/PrinceII.html" href="http://www.microupdate.net/cms/doc/PrinceII.html" class="externalLink">Prince 2 project management</a></li><li> <a tiddlylink="BrandonSiegel" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'BrandonSiegel' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">BrandonSiegel</a>'s <a target="_blank" title="External link to http://anubis.case.edu/398n" href="http://anubis.case.edu/398n" class="externalLink">Case Personal Security Device Project</a></li><li> <a tiddlylink="MichaelDansie" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'MichaelDansie' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">MichaelDansie</a>'s site for the <a target="_blank" title="External link to http://msig.med.utah.edu/RunningUtes/cryptogram/aca.html" href="http://msig.med.utah.edu/RunningUtes/cryptogram/aca.html" class="externalLink">American Cryptogram Association</a></li><li> <a tiddlylink="BrianHolland" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'BrianHolland' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">BrianHolland</a>'s <a target="_blank" title="External link to http://www.acsu.buffalo.edu/~bholland/" href="http://www.acsu.buffalo.edu/%7Ebholland/" class="externalLink">student nodes</a> from Buffalo Law School</li><li> <a tiddlylink="RuiCarmo" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'RuiCarmo' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">RuiCarmo</a>'s <a target="_blank" title="External link to http://the.taoofmac.com/space/Python/Grimoire" href="http://the.taoofmac.com/space/Python/Grimoire" class="externalLink">Python Grimoire</a>, a sort of recipe book for the programming language Python</li><li> Rich Kulesus' <a target="_blank" title="External link to http://www.skinyourscreen.com/mrbiotech/" href="http://www.skinyourscreen.com/mrbiotech/" class="externalLink">themer's blog</a></li><li> Qliner Software are using <a tiddlylink="TiddlyWiki" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkExisting" title="TiddlyWiki - MorrisGray, Sunday, July 08, 2007 8:57:00 PM" href="javascript:;">TiddlyWiki</a> to create the site for their <a target="_blank" title="External link to http://www.qliner.com/hotkeys/" href="http://www.qliner.com/hotkeys/" class="externalLink">hotkeys</a> product</li><li> <a tiddlylink="AndreasKänner" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'AndreasKänner' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">AndreasKänner</a>'s family home page at <a target="_blank" title="External link to http://www.kaenner.de/" href="http://www.kaenner.de/" class="externalLink">http://www.kaenner.de/</a></li><li> <strong>EliseSpringer</strong>, a philospher at Wesleyan University in Connecticut, USA, is using <a tiddlylink="TiddlyWiki" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkExisting" title="TiddlyWiki - MorrisGray, Sunday, July 08, 2007 8:57:00 PM" href="javascript:;">TiddlyWiki</a> for her homepage at <a target="_blank" title="External link to http://espringer.web.wesleyan.edu/" href="http://espringer.web.wesleyan.edu/" class="externalLink">http://espringer.web.wesleyan.edu/</a> and for</li><ul><li><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://parmenides.objectis.net/reason/" href="http://parmenides.objectis.net/reason/" class="externalLink">ReasoningWell</a>, a wiki for her Philosophy faculty</li><li><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://reasoningwell.tiddlyspot.com/" href="http://reasoningwell.tiddlyspot.com/" class="externalLink">ReasoningWell</a> New on <a tiddlylink="TiddlySpot" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'TiddlySpot' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">TiddlySpot</a></li></ul><li> <a tiddlylink="MarkWygent" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'MarkWygent' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">MarkWygent</a> of Wygent Reeds, a maker of Scottish bagpipe reeds from Delaware, has compiled a fascinating home page using <a tiddlylink="TiddlyWiki" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkExisting" title="TiddlyWiki - MorrisGray, Sunday, July 08, 2007 8:57:00 PM" href="javascript:;">TiddlyWiki</a> at <a target="_blank" title="External link to http://www.wygent.com/" href="http://www.wygent.com/" class="externalLink">http://www.wygent.com/</a></li><li> <a tiddlylink="ChristopherJames" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'ChristopherJames' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">ChristopherJames</a> has compiled a comprehensive guide to <a tiddlylink="TabletPCs" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'TabletPCs' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">TabletPCs</a> at <a target="_blank" title="External link to http://www.tabletpcwiki.net/" href="http://www.tabletpcwiki.net/" class="externalLink">http://www.tabletpcwiki.net/</a></li><li> <a tiddlylink="MiguelCentellas" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'MiguelCentellas' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">MiguelCentellas</a> has created an extensive guide to Bolivian politics at <a target="_blank" title="External link to http://www.centellas.org/politics/politiddly.html" href="http://www.centellas.org/politics/politiddly.html" class="externalLink">http://www.centellas.org/politics/politiddly.html</a></li><li> <a tiddlylink="BrunoTiagoRodrigues" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'BrunoTiagoRodrigues' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">BrunoTiagoRodrigues</a> has created a geocaching community site in Portuguese at <a target="_blank" title="External link to http://travelbugrace.geocaching-pt.net/" href="http://travelbugrace.geocaching-pt.net/" class="externalLink">http://travelbugrace.geocaching-pt.net/</a>.</li><li> <a tiddlylink="CharlesStross" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'CharlesStross' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">CharlesStross</a>, a celebrated British <a tiddlylink="ScienceFiction" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'ScienceFiction' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">ScienceFiction</a> writer, has used <a tiddlylink="TiddlyWiki" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkExisting" title="TiddlyWiki - MorrisGray, Sunday, July 08, 2007 8:57:00 PM" href="javascript:;">TiddlyWiki</a> for his 'Tough Guide to the Rapture of the Nerds' at <a target="_blank" title="External link to http://www.antipope.org/charlie/toughguide.html" href="http://www.antipope.org/charlie/toughguide.html" class="externalLink">http://www.antipope.org/charlie/toughguide.html</a>.</li><li> <a tiddlylink="KristofferNilausOlsen" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'KristofferNilausOlsen' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">KristofferNilausOlsen</a>, a member of the Danish Student Group of Amnesty International, has used <a tiddlylink="TiddlyWiki" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkExisting" title="TiddlyWiki - MorrisGray, Sunday, July 08, 2007 8:57:00 PM" href="javascript:;">TiddlyWiki</a> to collate reports of breaches of human rights. His site is at <a target="_blank" title="External link to http://www.resultat.dk/sg/tw/students.html" href="http://www.resultat.dk/sg/tw/students.html" class="externalLink">http://www.resultat.dk/sg/tw/students.html</a>.</li><li> <a tiddlylink="MartinSilcock" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'MartinSilcock' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">MartinSilcock</a>, an brand researcher working with Millward Brown, is using <a tiddlylink="TiddlyWiki" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkExisting" title="TiddlyWiki - MorrisGray, Sunday, July 08, 2007 8:57:00 PM" href="javascript:;">TiddlyWiki</a> for his homepage at <a target="_blank" title="External link to http://www.explorate.co.uk/" href="http://www.explorate.co.uk/" class="externalLink">http://www.explorate.co.uk/</a>.</li><li> Many people are using the <a tiddlylink="GTDTiddlyWiki" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'GTDTiddlyWiki' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">GTDTiddlyWiki</a> variant for personal productivity, and there's been some interesting experiments in <a tiddlylink="TiddlyWikiFiction" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'TiddlyWikiFiction' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">TiddlyWikiFiction</a>.</li></ul></blockquote></span></div><a openedtip="hide Fold TiddlyWikiAdaptations" openedtext="Fold TiddlyWikiAdaptations" closedtip="show Fold TiddlyWikiAdaptations" closedtext="Fold TiddlyWikiAdaptations" class="button" title="hide Fold TiddlyWikiAdaptations" href="javascript:;">Fold TiddlyWikiAdaptations</a><div style="display: block;" transient="false" class="sliderPanel"><span tiddler="TiddlyWikiAdaptations" refresh="content"><h3><strong>TidldyWiki Adaptations</strong> <sup><a tiddler="TiddlyWikiAdaptations" commandname="editTiddler" class="button" title="Edit this tiddler" href="javascript:;">edit</a></sup></h3><hr>Latest update 02 July 2007<br><hr>Here are some interesting adaptations of <a tiddlylink="TiddlyWiki" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkExisting" title="TiddlyWiki - MorrisGray, Sunday, July 08, 2007 8:57:00 PM" href="javascript:;">TiddlyWiki</a> code;<br><br><a openedtip="hide Time sheets and formbuilder" openedtext=" Time sheets and formbuilder" closedtip="show Time sheets and formbuilder" closedtext=" Time sheets and formbuilder" class="button" title="show Time sheets and formbuilder" href="javascript:;"> Time sheets and formbuilder</a><div style="display: none;" transient="false" class="sliderPanel"><blockquote>I showed <a tiddlylink="TiddlyWiki" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkExisting" title="TiddlyWiki - MorrisGray, Sunday, July 08, 2007 8:57:00 PM" href="javascript:;">TiddlyWiki</a> to a friend of mine. I didn't manage to get him hooked<br>on TW but he was quite interested in the single file applications concept.<br>He borrowed some TW code and used it to make these:<br><br><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://yourtimesheets.com/" href="http://yourtimesheets.com/" class="externalLink">http://yourtimesheets.com/</a><br><br>It's a single file app for doing timesheets like the ones you might show<br>your boss at the end of the week. You can keep track of how many hours<br>you've worked and if you work extra hours or take leave or whatever. Once<br>the week ends you can "lock" the file and with one click create a new<br>timesheet for the following week. It will also do some other things like<br>verify that you worked enough hours.<br><br><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://yourformbuilder.com/" href="http://yourformbuilder.com/" class="externalLink">http://yourformbuilder.com/</a><br><br>This is a single page app that has two "modes". First is an authoring tool<br>for a survey type form. You can add questions in a number of formats and<br>edit them right in your browser with drag and drop and validation rules etc.<br>Then when you're done you "publish" the form. This saves a standalone file<br>that contains the survey questions. This file you send out via email to<br>everyone who has to complete the survey. They complete the survey, verify<br>and save their file, then send it back to you. I'm not 100% if there are<br>tools to collate the results of your survey but it would not be hard to<br>write a little data extraction tool if their wasn't.<br><br>Anyway I'm certain he'd be interested in feedback, so if you want to try<br>these out then post comments to this thread.<br><br>Cheers,<br>Simon.<br></blockquote></div><br><br><a openedtip="hide What the author said" openedtext="What the author said" closedtip="show What the author said" closedtext="What the author said" class="button" title="show What the author said" href="javascript:;">What the author said</a><div style="display: none;" transient="false" class="sliderPanel"><blockquote>Hi all,<br><br>Simon's Friend here.<br><br>Glad to get some feedback about the two sites, and *very* glad that<br>everyone seemed to like them.<br><br>A couple of things in response to some of the questions.<br><br>Firstly, I took both of these tools on as an experiment, because I<br>know Simon Baird and I had some interest in SPA programming, not<br>because I had knew anything about tiddlywiki.<br><br>Udo was correct in the fact that actaully the only part of the<br>tiddlywiki that is used is the "store" technology. However the main<br>reason for this was because I actually sell a commercial timesheeting<br>application, and therefore already had most of the client side<br>javascript/dhtml code to do all of the screens and timesheet logic.<br>The easiest way to get yourtimesheets.com (which was the first one )<br>up and running was to simply replace the server-side code with the<br>tiddlywiki "store" technology.<br><br>In response to FND ( and others ) about the tasks recording, the<br>reason I didn't include this is yourtimesheets.com is because, as I<br>said before this was an experiment and I didn't want to spend a lot of<br>time on it. The commercial timesheet software that I wrote has task/<br>customer/project time dissection built into it, so I already have the<br>code, it is just a matter of finding the value in the effort to add it<br>to yourtimesheets.com.<br><br>And in response to Uwe. I am sorry about the lack of globalisation of<br>yourforms.com , I will look at doing this is future releases. I was<br>also looking at writing an application that could take muliple files<br>and statistically analyse the information. The data that is stored in<br>each file includes the question definition and the answer given by the<br>user, so it is fairly easy to analyse this data.<br><br>Please note both these projects are free to plunder, and I am happy if<br>people want to copy whole/parts of/re-write/make better/whatever, but<br>if you do something with them just tell simon, so I will eventually<br>find out about it.<br><br>Thanks.. and happy tiddling.. <br></blockquote></div><br><br><hr>Before <a tiddlylink="TiddlyWiki" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkExisting" title="TiddlyWiki - MorrisGray, Sunday, July 08, 2007 8:57:00 PM" href="javascript:;">TiddlyWiki</a> supported <a tiddlylink="Plugins" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkExisting" title="Plugins - MorrisGray, Sunday, September 09, 2007 2:43:00 AM" href="javascript:;">Plugins</a>,
several independent developers created their own extended adaptations
to support new features. These can be considered forks of the original
core code, and won't necessarily be based on the latest version. For
that reason, the trend more recently has been for developers to release
new features as <a tiddlylink="Plugins" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkExisting" title="Plugins - MorrisGray, Sunday, September 09, 2007 2:43:00 AM" href="javascript:;">Plugins</a> that can be readily mixed and matched and upgraded to the latest version.<br><br>Adaptations include:<br><blockquote><ul><li> <a tiddlylink="TimoBenk" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'TimoBenk' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">TimoBenk</a>'s <a tiddlylink="TiddlyTasks" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'TiddlyTasks' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">TiddlyTasks</a> at <a target="_blank" title="External link to http://m28s01.vlinux.de/tiddlytasks.html" href="http://m28s01.vlinux.de/tiddlytasks.html" class="externalLink">http://m28s01.vlinux.de/tiddlytasks.html</a></li><li> <a tiddlylink="KeithHodges" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'KeithHodges' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">KeithHodges</a>' <a tiddlylink="TiddlyPom" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'TiddlyPom' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">TiddlyPom</a> at <a target="_blank" title="External link to http://www.warwick.ac.uk/~tuspam/tiddlypom.html" href="http://www.warwick.ac.uk/%7Etuspam/tiddlypom.html" class="externalLink">http://www.warwick.ac.uk/~tuspam/tiddlypom.html</a></li><li> <a tiddlylink="RodneyGomes" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'RodneyGomes' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">RodneyGomes</a>' <a tiddlylink="RoWiki" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'RoWiki' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">RoWiki</a>, based on <a tiddlylink="PyTW" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'PyTW' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">PyTW</a>, at <a target="_blank" title="External link to http://rodney.gotdns.com/" href="http://rodney.gotdns.com/" class="externalLink">http://rodney.gotdns.com/</a></li><li> <a tiddlylink="LarsEnglund" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'LarsEnglund' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">LarsEnglund</a>'s <a tiddlylink="TiddlyWikiRDF" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'TiddlyWikiRDF' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">TiddlyWikiRDF</a> at <a target="_blank" title="External link to http://larsenglund.com/TiddlyWikiRDF/" href="http://larsenglund.com/TiddlyWikiRDF/" class="externalLink">http://larsenglund.com/TiddlyWikiRDF/</a></li><li> <a tiddlylink="BramChen" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'BramChen' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">BramChen</a>'s <a tiddlylink="PrinceTiddlyWiki" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'PrinceTiddlyWiki' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">PrinceTiddlyWiki</a> at <a target="_blank" title="External link to http://ptw.sf.net/index-en.html" href="http://ptw.sf.net/index-en.html" class="externalLink">http://ptw.sf.net/index-en.html</a></li><li> <a tiddlylink="JoshGoebel" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'JoshGoebel' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">JoshGoebel</a>'s <a tiddlylink="ServerSideWiki" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'ServerSideWiki' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">ServerSideWiki</a> at <a target="_blank" title="External link to http://www.serversidewiki.com" href="http://www.serversidewiki.com" class="externalLink">http://www.serversidewiki.com</a></li><li> <a tiddlylink="MasakiYatsu" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'MasakiYatsu' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">MasakiYatsu</a>'s <a tiddlylink="LesserWiki" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'LesserWiki' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">LesserWiki</a> at <a target="_blank" title="External link to http://lesserwiki.org/" href="http://lesserwiki.org/" class="externalLink">http://lesserwiki.org/</a></li><li> <a tiddlylink="MichaelBridgen" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'MichaelBridgen' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">MichaelBridgen</a>'s <a tiddlylink="StickyWiki" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'StickyWiki' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">StickyWiki</a> at <a target="_blank" title="External link to http://www.squaremobius.net/~mikeb/Darcs/sticky-wiki/" href="http://www.squaremobius.net/%7Emikeb/Darcs/sticky-wiki/" class="externalLink">http://www.squaremobius.net/~mikeb/Darcs/sticky-wiki/</a></li><li> <a tiddlylink="DavidHarper" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'DavidHarper' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">DavidHarper</a>'s <a tiddlylink="BloTid" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'BloTid' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">BloTid</a>, at <a target="_blank" title="External link to http://www.spacecoastweb.net/BloTid/Tiddly/" href="http://www.spacecoastweb.net/BloTid/Tiddly/" class="externalLink">http://www.spacecoastweb.net/BloTid/Tiddly/</a></li><li> <a tiddlylink="JacquesTurbé" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'JacquesTurbé' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">JacquesTurbé</a>'s <a tiddlylink="TidliPo" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'TidliPo' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">TidliPo</a>, in French at <a target="_blank" title="External link to http://avm.free.fr/tidlipo.html" href="http://avm.free.fr/tidlipo.html" class="externalLink">http://avm.free.fr/tidlipo.html</a></li><li> <a tiddlylink="JoeRaii" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'JoeRaii' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">JoeRaii</a>'s pytw at <a target="_blank" title="External link to http://www.cs.utexas.edu/~joeraii/pytw/" href="http://www.cs.utexas.edu/%7Ejoeraii/pytw/" class="externalLink">http://www.cs.utexas.edu/~joeraii/pytw/</a> and his Siglet at <a target="_blank" title="External link to http://www.cs.utexas.edu/~joeraii/siglet/" href="http://www.cs.utexas.edu/%7Ejoeraii/siglet/" class="externalLink">http://www.cs.utexas.edu/~joeraii/siglet/</a></li><li> <a tiddlylink="JároliJózsef" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'JároliJózsef' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">JároliJózsef</a>'s <a tiddlylink="MagyarTiddlyWiki" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'MagyarTiddlyWiki' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">MagyarTiddlyWiki</a> at <a target="_blank" title="External link to http://innen.hu/MagyarTiddlyWiki" href="http://innen.hu/MagyarTiddlyWiki" class="externalLink">http://innen.hu/MagyarTiddlyWiki</a> in Hungarian</li><li> Yoshimov's <a tiddlylink="EncryptedTiddlyWiki" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'EncryptedTiddlyWiki' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">EncryptedTiddlyWiki</a>, at <a target="_blank" title="External link to http://wiki.yoshimov.com/?page=EncryptedTiddlyWiki" href="http://wiki.yoshimov.com/?page=EncryptedTiddlyWiki" class="externalLink">http://wiki.yoshimov.com/?page=EncryptedTiddlyWiki</a></li><li> <a tiddlylink="TiagoDionizio" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'TiagoDionizio' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">TiagoDionizio</a>'s <a tiddlylink="TsWiki" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'TsWiki' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">TsWiki</a> using Tcl and <a tiddlylink="SQLite" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'SQLite' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">SQLite</a>, at <a target="_blank" title="External link to http://mega.ist.utl.pt/~tngd/wiki/" href="http://mega.ist.utl.pt/%7Etngd/wiki/" class="externalLink">http://mega.ist.utl.pt/~tngd/wiki/</a></li><li> <a tiddlylink="TimMorgan" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'TimMorgan' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">TimMorgan</a>'s <a tiddlylink="ZiddlyWiki" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'ZiddlyWiki' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">ZiddlyWiki</a> based on Zope, at <a target="_blank" title="External link to http://ziddlywiki.org/" href="http://ziddlywiki.org/" class="externalLink">http://ziddlywiki.org/</a></li><li> <a tiddlylink="SteveRumsby" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'SteveRumsby' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">SteveRumsby</a>'s <a tiddlylink="YetAnotherTiddlyWikiAdaptation" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'YetAnotherTiddlyWikiAdaptation' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">YetAnotherTiddlyWikiAdaptation</a> at <a target="_blank" title="External link to http://www.rumsby.org/yatwa/" href="http://www.rumsby.org/yatwa/" class="externalLink">http://www.rumsby.org/yatwa/</a></li><li> <a tiddlylink="PhonoHawk" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'PhonoHawk' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">PhonoHawk</a>'s <a tiddlylink="PerlTiddlyWiki" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'PerlTiddlyWiki' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">PerlTiddlyWiki</a> at <a target="_blank" title="External link to http://ccm.sherry.jp/tiddly/" href="http://ccm.sherry.jp/tiddly/" class="externalLink">http://ccm.sherry.jp/tiddly/</a></li><li> <a tiddlylink="NathanBower" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'NathanBower' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">NathanBower</a>'s <a tiddlylink="GTDTiddlyWiki" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'GTDTiddlyWiki' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">GTDTiddlyWiki</a> at <a target="_blank" title="External link to http://shared.snapgrid.com/gtd_tiddlywiki.html" href="http://shared.snapgrid.com/gtd_tiddlywiki.html" class="externalLink">http://shared.snapgrid.com/gtd_tiddlywiki.html</a></li><li> <a tiddlylink="GeetDuggal" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'GeetDuggal' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">GeetDuggal</a>'s <a tiddlylink="PileTiddly" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'PileTiddly' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">PileTiddly</a> at <a target="_blank" title="External link to http://www.geetduggal.com/PileTiddly/" href="http://www.geetduggal.com/PileTiddly/" class="externalLink">http://www.geetduggal.com/PileTiddly/</a></li><li> <a tiddlylink="DanPhiffer" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'DanPhiffer' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">DanPhiffer</a>'s <a tiddlylink="TiddlyWikiRemote" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'TiddlyWikiRemote' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">TiddlyWikiRemote</a> at <a target="_blank" title="External link to http://phiffer.org/tiddly/" href="http://phiffer.org/tiddly/" class="externalLink">http://phiffer.org/tiddly/</a></li><li> <a tiddlylink="JonnyLeRoy" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'JonnyLeRoy' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">JonnyLeRoy</a>'s <a tiddlylink="TiddlyTagWiki" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'TiddlyTagWiki' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">TiddlyTagWiki</a> at <a target="_blank" title="External link to http://www.digitaldimsum.co.uk/" href="http://www.digitaldimsum.co.uk/" class="externalLink">http://www.digitaldimsum.co.uk/</a></li><li> <a tiddlylink="JodyFoo" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'JodyFoo' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">JodyFoo</a>'s <a tiddlylink="TagglyWiki" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'TagglyWiki' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">TagglyWiki</a> at <a target="_blank" title="External link to http://informationality.com/tagglywiki/tagglywiki.html" href="http://informationality.com/tagglywiki/tagglywiki.html" class="externalLink">http://informationality.com/tagglywiki/tagglywiki.html</a></li><li> <a tiddlylink="ChristianHauck" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'ChristianHauck' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">ChristianHauck</a>'s at <a target="_blank" title="External link to http://www.christianhauck.net/html/14300.html" href="http://www.christianhauck.net/html/14300.html" class="externalLink">http://www.christianhauck.net/html/14300.html</a></li><li> <a tiddlylink="TonyLownds" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'TonyLownds' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">TonyLownds</a>'s <a tiddlylink="TiddlyHacks" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'TiddlyHacks' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">TiddlyHacks</a> at <a target="_blank" title="External link to http://tony.lownds.com/tiddly/dev/cgi/index.cgi" href="http://tony.lownds.com/tiddly/dev/cgi/index.cgi" class="externalLink">http://tony.lownds.com/tiddly/dev/cgi/index.cgi</a></li><li> <a tiddlylink="AlanHecht" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'AlanHecht' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">AlanHecht</a>'s <a tiddlylink="QwikiWeb" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'QwikiWeb' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">QwikiWeb</a> at <a target="_blank" title="External link to http://snipurl.com/qwikiweb" href="http://snipurl.com/qwikiweb" class="externalLink">http://snipurl.com/qwikiweb</a></li><li> <a tiddlylink="TimCuthbertson" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'TimCuthbertson' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">TimCuthbertson</a> and <a tiddlylink="MattGiuca" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'MattGiuca' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">MattGiuca</a>'s <a tiddlylink="TiddlyWikiCSS" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'TiddlyWikiCSS' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">TiddlyWikiCSS</a> at <a target="_blank" title="External link to http://codestar.lidonet.net/misc/tiddlywikicss.html" href="http://codestar.lidonet.net/misc/tiddlywikicss.html" class="externalLink">http://codestar.lidonet.net/misc/tiddlywikicss.html</a></li><ul><li> <a tiddlylink="PeterLazarev" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'PeterLazarev' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">PeterLazarev</a>'s further improvements at <a target="_blank" title="External link to http://petka.webhop.net/#NiceTiddlyWiki" href="http://petka.webhop.net/#NiceTiddlyWiki" class="externalLink">http://petka.webhop.net/#NiceTiddlyWiki</a></li></ul><li> <a tiddlylink="PatrickCurry" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'PatrickCurry' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">PatrickCurry</a> and <a tiddlylink="GabrielJeffrey" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'GabrielJeffrey' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">GabrielJeffrey</a>'s <a tiddlylink="PhpTiddlyWiki" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'PhpTiddlyWiki' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">PhpTiddlyWiki</a> at <a target="_blank" title="External link to http://www.patrickcurry.com/tiddly/" href="http://www.patrickcurry.com/tiddly/" class="externalLink">http://www.patrickcurry.com/tiddly/</a></li></ul><br><ul><li> There's also <a tiddlylink="KevemBuangga" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'KevemBuangga' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">KevemBuangga</a>'s <a tiddlylink="TiddlyWikiClone" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'TiddlyWikiClone' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">TiddlyWikiClone</a> at <a target="_blank" title="External link to http://www.kevembuangga.com/hwk/hailiwiki.htm" href="http://www.kevembuangga.com/hwk/hailiwiki.htm" class="externalLink">http://www.kevembuangga.com/hwk/hailiwiki.htm</a></li><li> Also inspired by <a tiddlylink="TiddlyWiki" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkExisting" title="TiddlyWiki - MorrisGray, Sunday, July 08, 2007 8:57:00 PM" href="javascript:;">TiddlyWiki</a>, Dr <a tiddlylink="MichaelRees" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'MichaelRees' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">MichaelRees</a>' <a target="_blank" title="External link to http://comet.it.bond.edu.au/dotsoft/Pages/dotwikiehome.aspx" href="http://comet.it.bond.edu.au/dotsoft/Pages/dotwikiehome.aspx" class="externalLink">DotWikIE</a>,</li><li> And <a tiddlylink="AndreNho" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'AndreNho' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">AndreNho</a>'s <a tiddlylink="StickWiki" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'StickWiki' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">StickWiki</a> at <a target="_blank" title="External link to http://stickwiki.sourceforge.net/" href="http://stickwiki.sourceforge.net/" class="externalLink">http://stickwiki.sourceforge.net/</a></li></ul></blockquote></span></div><br></blockquote></span></div></html>
<html><span tiddler="TWHelpSiteLinks" refresh="content"><blockquote><ol><li><span class="bigLink"><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://tiddlywiki.com/" href="http://tiddlywiki.com/" class="externalLink">Master TiddlyWiki Site</a></span> <span style="color: rgb(204, 0, 102);"><strong><span>»</span> <span>»</span></strong> </span>Jeremy Ruston's Official TW Information Source</li><li><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://groups.google.com/group/TiddlyWiki/topics" href="http://groups.google.com/group/TiddlyWiki/topics" class="externalLink">TiddlyWiki Discussion Group</a> <span style="color: rgb(204, 0, 102);"><strong><span>»</span> <span>»</span></strong> </span>TiddlyWiki Discussion Group</li><li><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://groups.google.com/group/TiddlyWikiDev/" href="http://groups.google.com/group/TiddlyWikiDev/" class="externalLink">TiddlyWiki Developers Group</a> <span style="color: rgb(204, 0, 102);"><strong><span>»</span> <span>»</span></strong> </span>TiddlyWiki Developers Discussion Group</li><li><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://www.tiddlywiki.org/" href="http://www.tiddlywiki.org/" class="externalLink">Public Wiki Help Site</a> <span style="color: rgb(204, 0, 102);"><strong><span>»</span> <span>»</span></strong> </span> Go add your knowledge.</li><li><span class="bigLink"><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://tiddlyvault.tiddlyspot.com/" href="http://tiddlyvault.tiddlyspot.com/" class="externalLink">TiddlyVault</a></span><span style="color: rgb(204, 0, 102);"><strong><span>»</span> <span>»</span></strong> </span> A directory of all known plugins</li><li><span class="bigLink"><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://www.giffmex.org/twfortherestofus.html" href="http://www.giffmex.org/twfortherestofus.html" class="externalLink">TiddlyWiki for the rest of us </a></span> <span style="color: rgb(204, 0, 102);"><strong><span>»</span> <span>»</span></strong> </span>TiddlyWiki tutorial <span style="position: relative;"><a openedtip="hide more » »" openedtext="more » »" closedtip="show more » »" closedtext="more » »" class="button" title="show more » »" href="javascript:;">more » »</a><div style="display: none; width: 20em; left: 0px; top: 15px;" transient="false" class="floatingPanel">Some other sites, themes and applications to download.<br><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://www.giffmex.org/organizertw.html" href="http://www.giffmex.org/organizertw.html" class="externalLink">Journal</a> <br><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://www.giffmex.org/emptynotestw.html" href="http://www.giffmex.org/emptynotestw.html" class="externalLink">My Notes</a><br><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://giffmex.tiddlyspot.com/" href="http://giffmex.tiddlyspot.com/" class="externalLink">TW Showcase</a> <br><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://www.giffmex.org/tiddlydu.html" href="http://www.giffmex.org/tiddlydu.html" class="externalLink">TiddlyDu</a><br><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://tiddlyvault.tiddlyspot.com/" href="http://tiddlyvault.tiddlyspot.com/" class="externalLink">Plugin (vault ) Directory</a></div></span></li><li><span class="bigLink"><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://tiddlertoddler.tiddlyspot.com/" href="http://tiddlertoddler.tiddlyspot.com/" class="externalLink">TiddlerToddler</a></span> <span style="color: rgb(204, 0, 102);"><strong><span>»</span> <span>»</span></strong> </span> an absolute beginner's guide to TiddlyWiki</li><li><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://www.giffmex.org/tiddlywikipowerpoint.ppt" href="http://www.giffmex.org/tiddlywikipowerpoint.ppt" class="externalLink">A PowerPoint presentation on TiddlyWiki</a> <span style="color: rgb(204, 0, 102);"><strong><span>»</span> <span>»</span></strong> </span> By Dave Gifford (7mb)</li><li><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://visualtw.ouvaton.org/VisualTW.html" href="http://visualtw.ouvaton.org/VisualTW.html" class="externalLink">VisualTW</a> <span style="color: rgb(204, 0, 102);"><strong><span>»</span> <span>»</span></strong> </span> Wysiwyg plugin <span style="color: rgb(204, 0, 102);"><strong><span>»</span> <span>»</span></strong> </span> Encrypted fields plugin</li><li><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://tiddlywikiguides.org/" href="http://tiddlywikiguides.org/" class="externalLink">TiddlyWiki Guides</a> <span style="color: rgb(204, 0, 102);"><strong><span>»</span> <span>»</span></strong> </span>Welcome to the (unofficial) TiddlyWiki Guides</li><li><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://tiddlywikitips.com/" href="http://tiddlywikitips.com/" class="externalLink">TiddlyWikiTips</a> <span style="color: rgb(204, 0, 102);"><strong><span>»</span> <span>»</span></strong> </span>TiddlyWikiTips.com is run by Jim Barr </li><li><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://www.blogjones.com/TiddlyWikiTutorial.html" href="http://www.blogjones.com/TiddlyWikiTutorial.html" class="externalLink">TiddlyWikiTutorial</a> <span style="color: rgb(204, 0, 102);"><strong><span>»</span> <span>»</span></strong> </span>Learn the Basics of TiddlyWiki</li><li><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://tiddlyspot.com/" href="http://tiddlyspot.com/" class="externalLink">TiddlySpot</a> <span style="color: rgb(204, 0, 102);"><strong><span>»</span> <span>»</span></strong> </span>Free Tiddlywikis and Hosting</li><li><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://twfaq.tiddlyspot.com/" href="http://twfaq.tiddlyspot.com/" class="externalLink">TiddlySpotFAQ</a> <span style="color: rgb(204, 0, 102);"><strong><span>»</span> <span>»</span></strong> </span>Questions and Answers</li><li><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://tiddlythemes.com/#Home" href="http://tiddlythemes.com/#Home" class="externalLink">TiddlyThemes</a><span style="color: rgb(204, 0, 102);"><strong><span>»</span> <span>»</span></strong> </span> A gallery of TiddlyWiki themes </li><li><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://tiddlythemes.com/empties/Rin.html" href="http://tiddlythemes.com/empties/Rin.html" class="externalLink">TiddlyThemes-Rin</a><span style="color: rgb(204, 0, 102);"><strong><span>»</span> <span>»</span></strong> </span> A Most Popular Theme <a target="_blank" title="External link to http://blog.checkettsweb.com/" href="http://blog.checkettsweb.com/" class="externalLink">Clint Checkett's Blog</a></li><li><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://tiddlytools.com/" href="http://tiddlytools.com/" class="externalLink">TiddlyTools</a> <span style="color: rgb(204, 0, 102);"><strong><span>»</span> <span>»</span></strong> </span>Extensive collection of fabulous Plugins and much more</li><li><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://www.tiddlywiki.org/" href="http://www.tiddlywiki.org/" class="externalLink">TiddlyWiki Org</a> <span style="color: rgb(204, 0, 102);"><strong><span>»</span> <span>»</span></strong> </span><a openedtip="hide Read more..." openedtext="Read more..." closedtip="show Read more..." closedtext="Read more..." class="button" title="show Read more..." href="javascript:;">Read more...</a><div style="display: none;" transient="false" class="sliderPanel">The purpose of TiddlyWiki.org is to support the community that has grown up around TiddlyWiki with the infrastructure needed to share in its development while maintaining and improving quality. TiddlyWiki.org also hosts projects related to TiddlyWiki such as ZiddlyWiki (a serverside implementation of TiddlyWiki) and TiddlySnip (a Firefox extension that enhances TiddlyWiki).</div></li><li><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://tidhelp.tiddlyspot.com/" href="http://tidhelp.tiddlyspot.com/" class="externalLink">Tid-Help</a> <span style="color: rgb(204, 0, 102);"><strong><span>»</span> <span>»</span></strong> </span> Help/Tutorial</li><li><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://knighjm.googlepages.com/knightnet-default-tw.html" href="http://knighjm.googlepages.com/knightnet-default-tw.html" class="externalLink">Knightnet</a> <span style="color: rgb(204, 0, 102);"><strong><span>»</span> <span>»</span></strong> </span>Knightnet Default TiddlyWiki TW the way I like it - plus my Plugins</li><li><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Using_TiddlyWiki" href="http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Using_TiddlyWiki" class="externalLink">Using TiddlyWiki</a> <span style="color: rgb(204, 0, 102);"><strong><span>»</span> <span>»</span></strong> </span>From Wikibooks, the open-content textbooks collection</li><li><strong><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://twhelp.tiddlyspot.com/" href="http://twhelp.tiddlyspot.com/" class="externalLink">TW Help</a></strong> <span style="color: rgb(204, 0, 102);"><strong><span>»</span> <span>»</span></strong> </span><strong>This TiddlyWiki</strong> (you're already there..here... you're in it now!) <a target="_blank" title="External link to http://tinyurl.com/3x3p4d" href="http://tinyurl.com/3x3p4d" class="externalLink">TW Help Alt.</a></li><li><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://www.martinswiki.com/" href="http://www.martinswiki.com/" class="externalLink">Martin's Wiki</a> <span style="color: rgb(204, 0, 102);"><strong><span>»</span> <span>»</span></strong> </span> Cross-Wiki Formatting plugins </li><li><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://svn.tiddlywiki.org/Trunk/" href="http://svn.tiddlywiki.org/Trunk/" class="externalLink">http://svn.tiddlywiki.org/Trunk/</a></li><li><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://svn.tiddlywiki.org/Trunk/contributors/" href="http://svn.tiddlywiki.org/Trunk/contributors/" class="externalLink">http://svn.tiddlywiki.org/Trunk/contributors/</a></li><li><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://trac.tiddlywiki.org/browser/Trunk" href="http://trac.tiddlywiki.org/browser/Trunk" class="externalLink">http://trac.tiddlywiki.org/browser/Trunk</a></li></ol><br><hr></blockquote></span><a openedtip="hide Fold WatchThisSpace" openedtext="Fold WatchThisSpace" closedtip="show Fold WatchThisSpace" closedtext="Fold WatchThisSpace" class="button" title="hide Fold WatchThisSpace" href="javascript:;">Fold WatchThisSpace</a><div style="display: block;" transient="false" class="sliderPanel"><span tiddler="WatchThisSpace" refresh="content"><h3><strong>WatchThisSpace</strong><sup><a tiddler="WatchThisSpace" commandname="editTiddler" class="button" title="Edit this tiddler" href="javascript:;">edit</a></sup></h3><blockquote><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://www.wikimatrix.org/" href="http://www.wikimatrix.org/" class="externalLink">http://www.wikimatrix.org/</a> <span style="color: rgb(204, 0, 102);"><strong><span>»</span> <span>»</span></strong> </span> Compare Wikis<br><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://users.ictp.it/~pwc/" href="http://users.ictp.it/%7Epwc/" class="externalLink">http://users.ictp.it/~pwc/</a> » » Earth System Physics - Weather and Climate (Italy)<br><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://people.pwf.cam.ac.uk/rjr20/details/links.html" href="http://people.pwf.cam.ac.uk/rjr20/details/links.html" class="externalLink">http://people.pwf.cam.ac.uk/rjr20/details/links.html</a><br><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://www.hawksworx.com/journal/2007/07/" href="http://www.hawksworx.com/journal/2007/07/" class="externalLink">http://www.hawksworx.com/journal/2007/07/</a> <span style="color: rgb(204, 0, 102);"><strong><span>»</span> <span>»</span></strong> </span> Google Analytics<br><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://www.uniforum.chi.il.us/slides/TiddlyWiki.html" href="http://www.uniforum.chi.il.us/slides/TiddlyWiki.html" class="externalLink">http://www.uniforum.chi.il.us/slides/TiddlyWiki.html</a><br><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://iewiki.net/plugins/#DisableEditingPlugin" href="http://iewiki.net/plugins/#DisableEditingPlugin" class="externalLink">http://iewiki.net/plugins/#DisableEditingPlugin</a><br><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://weave.tiddlyspot.com/" href="http://weave.tiddlyspot.com/" class="externalLink">http://weave.tiddlyspot.com/</a> <span style="color: rgb(204, 0, 102);"><strong><span>»</span> <span>»</span></strong> </span>Auto mark tiddlers as link in text.<br><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://vipa.3host.biz/TiddlyDesktop.html" href="http://vipa.3host.biz/TiddlyDesktop.html" class="externalLink">http://vipa.3host.biz/TiddlyDesktop.html</a><br><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://www.commoncraft.com/video-wikis-plain-english" href="http://www.commoncraft.com/video-wikis-plain-english" class="externalLink">http://www.commoncraft.com/video-wikis-plain-english</a><br><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://www.osmosoft.com/" href="http://www.osmosoft.com/" class="externalLink">http://www.osmosoft.com/</a><br><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://www.tiddlywiki.org" href="http://www.tiddlywiki.org" class="externalLink">http://www.tiddlywiki.org</a><br><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://www.tiddlywiki.org/tmp/panelPortal1.html" href="http://www.tiddlywiki.org/tmp/panelPortal1.html" class="externalLink">http://www.tiddlywiki.org/tmp/panelPortal1.html</a><br><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://www.tiddlywiki.org/wiki/Help:Sandbox" href="http://www.tiddlywiki.org/wiki/Help:Sandbox" class="externalLink">http://www.tiddlywiki.org/wiki/Help:Sandbox</a><br><hr><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://discourse.tiddlyspot.com/" href="http://discourse.tiddlyspot.com/" class="externalLink">http://discourse.tiddlyspot.com/</a> <span style="color: rgb(204, 0, 102);"><strong><span>»</span> <span>»</span></strong> </span> Notes about International Relations and Political Philosophy. <br><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://students.washington.edu/adcockm/amateurastronomythesaurus/" href="http://students.washington.edu/adcockm/amateurastronomythesaurus/" class="externalLink">http://students.washington.edu/adcockm/amateurastronomythesaurus/</a> <a openedtip="hide +more" openedtext="+more" closedtip="show +more" closedtext="+more" class="button" title="show +more" href="javascript:;">+more</a><div style="display: none;" transient="false" class="sliderPanel"><table><tbody><tr class="evenRow"><td>While
Michael's document is use-case specific, it does show the basic idea of
using custom fields to represent additional tiddler links,based on
specifically defined relationships (in this case: use, used by, related
term, broader term, narrower term, or "scope notes").<br></td></tr></tbody></table></div><br><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://msal.tiddlyspot.com/" href="http://msal.tiddlyspot.com/" class="externalLink">http://msal.tiddlyspot.com/</a> <span style="color: rgb(204, 0, 102);"><strong><span>»</span> <span>»</span></strong> </span>Good mix of plugins<br><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://tinyurl.com/2uuxep" href="http://tinyurl.com/2uuxep" class="externalLink">http://tinyurl.com/2uuxep</a> <span style="color: rgb(204, 0, 102);"><strong><span>»</span> <span>»</span></strong> </span> Web Campaigning Digital Supplement<br><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://reiber.org/PaulsToDo.html" href="http://reiber.org/PaulsToDo.html" class="externalLink">http://reiber.org/PaulsToDo.html</a><br><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://moodle.tiddlyspot.com/" href="http://moodle.tiddlyspot.com/" class="externalLink">http://moodle.tiddlyspot.com/</a><br><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://www.mcelwee.net/MarcusWiki.html" href="http://www.mcelwee.net/MarcusWiki.html" class="externalLink">http://www.mcelwee.net/MarcusWiki.html</a><br><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://dahukanna.net/wiki/tiddlywiki.htm" href="http://dahukanna.net/wiki/tiddlywiki.htm" class="externalLink">Dawn-dahukanna.net</a> <span style="color: rgb(204, 0, 102);"><strong><span>»</span> <span>»</span></strong> </span> <a target="_blank" title="External link to http://project.dahukanna.net/tiddlywiki/twextensions.htm" href="http://project.dahukanna.net/tiddlywiki/twextensions.htm" class="externalLink">HyperGraph</a> <span style="color: rgb(204, 0, 102);"><strong><span>»</span> <span>»</span></strong> </span> <a target="_blank" title="External link to http://project.dahukanna.net/tiddlywiki/timeline/sampletimeline213.html" href="http://project.dahukanna.net/tiddlywiki/timeline/sampletimeline213.html" class="externalLink">Timeline 2.1.3</a><br><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://visualtw.ouvaton.org/VisualTW.html" href="http://visualtw.ouvaton.org/VisualTW.html" class="externalLink">VisualTW</a> <span style="color: rgb(204, 0, 102);"><strong><span>»</span> <span>»</span></strong> </span> Wysiwyg plugin <span style="color: rgb(204, 0, 102);"><strong><span>»</span> <span>»</span></strong> </span> Encrypted fields plugin<br><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://wiki.fckeditor.net/Developer%27s_Guide/Customization/Plug-ins" href="http://wiki.fckeditor.net/Developer%27s_Guide/Customization/Plug-ins" class="externalLink">http://wiki.fckeditor.net/Developer%27s_Guide/Customization/Plug-ins</a><br><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://www.dynarch.com/projects/htmlarea/" href="http://www.dynarch.com/projects/htmlarea/" class="externalLink">http://www.dynarch.com/projects/htmlarea/</a> used for <a tiddlylink="ASciencePad" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'ASciencePad' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">ASciencePad</a> now obsolete.<br><hr><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://trac.tiddlywiki.org/wiki/History" href="http://trac.tiddlywiki.org/wiki/History" class="externalLink">TiddlyWiki Revision History</a><br><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://www.tiddlywiki.org/wiki/ReleaseNoteTwoPointTwo" href="http://www.tiddlywiki.org/wiki/ReleaseNoteTwoPointTwo" class="externalLink">TiddlyWiki Revision History Ver: 2.2</a>(13.05.07)<br><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://www.tiddlypedia.com/solarsystem/" href="http://www.tiddlypedia.com/solarsystem/" class="externalLink">TiddlyPedia</a> (the tiddlers therein are copied directly from Wikipedia) <br><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://www.martinswiki.com/timeline/" href="http://www.martinswiki.com/timeline/" class="externalLink">TimeLine Project</a> <a openedtip="hide more..." openedtext="more..." closedtip="show more..." closedtext="more..." class="button" title="show more..." href="javascript:;">more...</a><div style="display: none;" transient="false" class="sliderPanel"><blockquote>I submitted this question to the <a tiddlylink="TiddlyWiki" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkExisting" title="TiddlyWiki - MorrisGray, Sunday, July 08, 2007 8:57:00 PM" href="javascript:;">TiddlyWiki</a> Requests group. Has anyone<br>attempted a <a tiddlylink="TiddlyWiki" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkExisting" title="TiddlyWiki - MorrisGray, Sunday, July 08, 2007 8:57:00 PM" href="javascript:;">TiddlyWiki</a> plugin that incorporates the Timeline widget<br>developed at MIT?<br><br><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://simile.mit.edu/timeline/" href="http://simile.mit.edu/timeline/" class="externalLink">http://simile.mit.edu/timeline/</a> <br><br></blockquote></div><br><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://sparkline.wikispaces.com/Examples" href="http://sparkline.wikispaces.com/Examples" class="externalLink">SparkLines WebPage</a> <a openedtip="hide more..." openedtext="more..." closedtip="show more..." closedtext="more..." class="button" title="show more..." href="javascript:;">more...</a><div style="display: none;" transient="false" class="sliderPanel"><blockquote>I'm
hoping to keep a running list of web sparklines found 'in the wild'. If
possible, note the technology used to create the sparklines.<br>Sparkline PHP Library<br></blockquote></div><br><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://www.wikispaces.com/" href="http://www.wikispaces.com/" class="externalLink">WikiSpaces</a> Free editable wikis<br></blockquote></span></div><a openedtip="hide TWLinkCollection" openedtext="TWLinkCollection" closedtip="show TWLinkCollection" closedtext="TWLinkCollection" class="button" title="hide TWLinkCollection" href="javascript:;">TWLinkCollection</a><div style="display: block;" transient="false" class="sliderPanel"><span tiddler="TWLinkCollection" refresh="content"><h3><div style="overflow: hidden; position: relative; z-index: 0;" class="gradient"><span> </span><a tiddlylink="TWLinkCollection" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkExisting" title="TWLinkCollection - YourName, Tuesday, September 18, 2007 9:04:00 PM" href="javascript:;">TWLinkCollection</a> <sup><a tiddlylink="TWLinkCollection" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkExisting" title="TWLinkCollection - YourName, Tuesday, September 18, 2007 9:04:00 PM" href="javascript:;">Edit this</a></sup></div></h3><hr><blockquote><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://groups.google.com/group/TiddlyWiki" href="http://groups.google.com/group/TiddlyWiki" class="externalLink">TiddlyWiki Group</a> TiddlyWiki Discussion Group<br><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://tiddlywikiguides.org/" href="http://tiddlywikiguides.org/" class="externalLink">http://tiddlywikiguides.org/</a><br><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://shared.snapgrid.com/index.html" href="http://shared.snapgrid.com/index.html" class="externalLink">GTDTiddlyWiki</a><br><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://tiddlywiki.com/" href="http://tiddlywiki.com/" class="externalLink">http://tiddlywiki.com/</a><br><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://tiddlyspot.com" href="http://tiddlyspot.com" class="externalLink">TiddlySpot</a><br><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://twfaq.tiddlyspot.com/" href="http://twfaq.tiddlyspot.com/" class="externalLink">TiddlySpotFAQ</a><br><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://tiddlystyles.com/" href="http://tiddlystyles.com/" class="externalLink">http://tiddlystyles.com/</a><br><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://solo.dc3.com/tw/" href="http://solo.dc3.com/tw/" class="externalLink">http://solo.dc3.com/tw/</a> Red Mountain Vista Bob Denny's extensions to <a tiddlylink="TiddlyWiki" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkExisting" title="TiddlyWiki - MorrisGray, Sunday, July 08, 2007 8:57:00 PM" href="javascript:;">TiddlyWiki</a> <br><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://www.checkettsweb.com/" href="http://www.checkettsweb.com/" class="externalLink">http://www.checkettsweb.com/</a><br><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://tiddlytools.com/" href="http://tiddlytools.com/" class="externalLink">http://tiddlytools.com/</a><br><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://www.tiddlywiki.org/" href="http://www.tiddlywiki.org/" class="externalLink">TiddlyWiki Org</a><br><a tiddlylink="TiddlyWikiAdaptations" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkExisting" title="TiddlyWikiAdaptations - YourName, Monday, July 02, 2007 1:45:00 AM" href="javascript:;">TiddlyWikiAdaptations</a><br><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://www.blogjones.com/TiddlyWikiTutorial.html" href="http://www.blogjones.com/TiddlyWikiTutorial.html" class="externalLink">TiddlyWikiTutorial</a><br><br></blockquote></span></div><a openedtip="hide Fold TWForMath" openedtext="Fold TWForMath" closedtip="show Fold TWForMath" closedtext="Fold TWForMath" class="button" title="hide Fold TWForMath" href="javascript:;">Fold TWForMath</a><div style="display: block;" transient="false" class="sliderPanel"><span tiddler="TWForMath" refresh="content"><h3><strong>TW For Math</strong><sup><a tiddler="TWForMath" commandname="editTiddler" class="button" title="Edit this tiddler" href="javascript:;">edit</a></sup></h3><hr><blockquote><ul><li><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://math.chapman.edu/~jipsen/asciencepad/asciencepad.html" href="http://math.chapman.edu/%7Ejipsen/asciencepad/asciencepad.html" class="externalLink">aSciencePad</a> <span style="color: rgb(204, 0, 102);"><strong><span>»</span> <span>»</span></strong> </span> A TiddlyWiki Math Enabled</li></ul><a target="_blank" title="External link to file:///D:/Web%20Pages/TiddlySpot/AsciiMathML/SciencePad/asciencepad/asciencepad.html" href="file:///D:/Web%20Pages/TiddlySpot/AsciiMathML/SciencePad/asciencepad/asciencepad.html" class="externalLink">MyMathTW</a><br><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://math.chapman.edu/~jipsen/talks/MathFest2005/JipsenMathFestSlides2005.html" href="http://math.chapman.edu/%7Ejipsen/talks/MathFest2005/JipsenMathFestSlides2005.html" class="externalLink">Integrating MathML and SVG in Moodle and elsewhere</a> (slide show)<br><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://math.chapman.edu/~jipsen/asciencepad/asciencepad.html" href="http://math.chapman.edu/%7Ejipsen/asciencepad/asciencepad.html" class="externalLink">http://math.chapman.edu/~jipsen/asciencepad/asciencepad.html</a><br><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://www1.chapman.edu/%7Ejipsen/mathml/asciimath.html" href="http://www1.chapman.edu/%7Ejipsen/mathml/asciimath.html" class="externalLink">http://www1.chapman.edu/%7Ejipsen/mathml/asciimath.html</a> (ASCIIMathML.js)<a openedtip="hide more..." openedtext="more..." closedtip="show more..." closedtext="more..." class="button" title="show more..." href="javascript:;">more...</a><div style="display: none;" transient="false" class="sliderPanel">Translating ASCII math notation to Presentation <a tiddlylink="MathML" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'MathML' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">MathML</a> (HTML version)<br>Would
you or your students like to easily produce good-looking math formulas
on webpages using a simple calculator-style syntax and your own ASCII
or HTML editor?<br>Here is a free multi-platform solution (and if you prefer it, <a tiddlylink="LaTeX-style" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'LaTeX-style' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">LaTeX-style</a> formulas also work).<br>Now even easier to use: just add one line to your HTML file to load <a tiddlylink="ASCIIMathML" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkExisting" title="ASCIIMathML - MorrisGray, Saturday, September 01, 2007 11:17:00 AM" href="javascript:;">ASCIIMathML</a>.js</div><br><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://luceatlux.net/wikimath/" href="http://luceatlux.net/wikimath/" class="externalLink">http://luceatlux.net/wikimath/</a><br><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://bob.mcelrath.org/tiddlyjsmath.html" href="http://bob.mcelrath.org/tiddlyjsmath.html" class="externalLink">http://bob.mcelrath.org/tiddlyjsmath.html</a> (requires jsMath Latex)<a openedtip="hide more..." openedtext="more..." closedtip="show more..." closedtext="more..." class="button" title="show more..." href="javascript:;">more...</a><div style="display: none;" transient="false" class="sliderPanel"><blockquote><ul><li>Description<br></li></ul><a tiddlylink="LaTeX" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'LaTeX' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">LaTeX</a>
is the world standard for specifying, typesetting, and communicating
mathematics among scientists, engineers, and mathematicians. For more
information about <a tiddlylink="LaTeX" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'LaTeX' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">LaTeX</a> itself, visit the <a tiddlylink="LaTeX" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'LaTeX' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">LaTeX</a> Project. This plugin typesets math using jsMath, which is an implementation of the <a tiddlylink="TeX" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'TeX' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">TeX</a>
math rules and typesetting in javascript, for your browser. Notice the
small button in the lower right corner which opens its control panel.<br><ul><li>Installation<br></li></ul>In addition to this plugin, you must also install <a target="_blank" title="External link to http://www.math.union.edu/~dpvc/jsMath/download/jsMath.html" href="http://www.math.union.edu/%7Edpvc/jsMath/download/jsMath.html" class="externalLink">jsMath</a> on the same server as your <a tiddlylink="TiddlyWiki" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkExisting" title="TiddlyWiki - MorrisGray, Sunday, July 08, 2007 8:57:00 PM" href="javascript:;">TiddlyWiki</a> html file. If you're using <a tiddlylink="TiddlyWiki" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkExisting" title="TiddlyWiki - MorrisGray, Sunday, July 08, 2007 8:57:00 PM" href="javascript:;">TiddlyWiki</a> without a web server, then the jsMath directory must be placed in the same location as the <a tiddlylink="TiddlyWiki" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkExisting" title="TiddlyWiki - MorrisGray, Sunday, July 08, 2007 8:57:00 PM" href="javascript:;">TiddlyWiki</a> html file.<br><br>I also recommend modifying your <a tiddlylink="StyleSheet" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkExisting" title="StyleSheet - YourName, Wednesday, March 05, 2008 8:21:00 PM" href="javascript:;">StyleSheet</a>
use serif fonts that are slightly larger than normal, so that the math
matches surrounding text, and \small fonts are not unreadable (as in
exponents and subscripts).<br><pre>.viewer {
line-height: 125%;
font-family: serif;
font-size: 12pt;
}
</pre><br>If you had used a previous version of Plugin: jsMath, it is
no longer necessary to edit the main tiddlywiki.html file to add the
jsMath> tag. Plugin: jsMath now uses ajax to load jsMath. <br></blockquote></div><br><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://www.pierce.ctc.edu/dlippman/asciimathtex/AMT.html" href="http://www.pierce.ctc.edu/dlippman/asciimathtex/AMT.html" class="externalLink">ASCIIMath Image Fallback Scripts</a><a openedtip="hide more..." openedtext="more..." closedtip="show more..." closedtext="more..." class="button" title="show more..." href="javascript:;">more...</a><div style="display: none;" transient="false" class="sliderPanel">These <a tiddlylink="JavaScript" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkExisting" title="JavaScript - YourName, Monday, February 18, 2008 6:20:00 PM" href="javascript:;">JavaScript</a> scripts, derived from Peter Jipsen's <a tiddlylink="ASCIIMathML" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkExisting" title="ASCIIMathML - MorrisGray, Saturday, September 01, 2007 11:17:00 AM" href="javascript:;">ASCIIMathML</a> script, are designed to provide image-based fallback for browsers without <a tiddlylink="MathML" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'MathML' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">MathML</a> support, using Mimetex or another serverside <a tiddlylink="TeX" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'TeX' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">TeX</a> rendering engine.</div><br><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://www1.chapman.edu/~jipsen/mathml/asciimathsyntax.html" href="http://www1.chapman.edu/%7Ejipsen/mathml/asciimathsyntax.html" class="externalLink">ASCIIMathML.js (ver 1.4.7): Syntax and List of Constants</a><br></blockquote></span></div><a openedtip="hide Fold PluginSites" openedtext="Fold PluginSites" closedtip="show Fold PluginSites" closedtext="Fold PluginSites" class="button" title="hide Fold PluginSites" href="javascript:;">Fold PluginSites</a><div style="display: block;" transient="false" class="sliderPanel"><span tiddler="PluginSites" refresh="content"><h3><strong><a tiddlylink="PluginSites" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkExisting" title="PluginSites - YourName, Wednesday, June 27, 2007 10:45:00 AM" href="javascript:;">PluginSites</a></strong> <sup><a tiddlylink="ThirdPartyPlugins" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkExisting" title="ThirdPartyPlugins - YourName, Tuesday, March 04, 2008 1:28:00 AM" href="javascript:;">Root</a><span style="color: rgb(204, 0, 102);"><span>»</span></span><a tiddlylink="PluginSites" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkExisting" title="PluginSites - YourName, Wednesday, June 27, 2007 10:45:00 AM" href="javascript:;">Detach this</a></sup></h3><hr><blockquote><ul><li>The community is also using the <a target="_blank" title="External link to http://del.icio.us/" href="http://del.icio.us/" class="externalLink">del.icio.us</a> bookmarking service to create a <a target="_blank" title="External link to http://del.icio.us/TiddlyWikiPlugin" href="http://del.icio.us/TiddlyWikiPlugin" class="externalLink">PluginDirectory</a></li></ul><span tiddler="ThirdPartyPlugins/Links" refresh="content"></span><br></blockquote><h4>This is a FireFox extention for snipping Internet text to add to your TiddlyWiki</h4><blockquote><ul><li><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://tiddlysnip.com" href="http://tiddlysnip.com" class="externalLink">TiddlySnip FireFox Extension</a><span style="color: rgb(204, 0, 102);"><strong><span>»</span> <span>»</span></strong> </span><a openedtip="hide Read more.." openedtext="Read more.." closedtip="show Read more.." closedtext="Read more.." class="button" title="show Read more.." href="javascript:;">Read more..</a><div style="display: none;" transient="false" class="sliderPanel"><a tiddlylink="TiddlySnip" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkExisting" title="TiddlySnip - MorrisGray, Sunday, September 09, 2007 6:05:00 PM" href="javascript:;">TiddlySnip</a> is a Firefox extension that lets you use your <a tiddlylink="TiddlyWiki" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkExisting" title="TiddlyWiki - MorrisGray, Sunday, July 08, 2007 8:57:00 PM" href="javascript:;">TiddlyWiki</a> as a scrapbook! Simply select text, right click and choose '<a tiddlylink="TiddlySnip" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkExisting" title="TiddlySnip - MorrisGray, Sunday, September 09, 2007 6:05:00 PM" href="javascript:;">TiddlySnip</a> selection'. Next time you open your <a tiddlylink="TiddlyWiki" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkExisting" title="TiddlyWiki - MorrisGray, Sunday, July 08, 2007 8:57:00 PM" href="javascript:;">TiddlyWiki</a> file, your snippets will be there, already tagged and organised.</div></li></ul></blockquote></span></div><a openedtip="hide Fold TWExamples" openedtext="Fold TWExamples" closedtip="show Fold TWExamples" closedtext="Fold TWExamples" class="button" title="hide Fold TWExamples" href="javascript:;">Fold TWExamples</a><div style="display: block;" transient="false" class="sliderPanel"><span tiddler="TWExamples" refresh="content"><h3><span> </span><strong>TWExamples</strong><sup><a tiddler="TWExamples" commandname="editTiddler" class="button" title="Edit this tiddler" href="javascript:;">edit</a></sup></h3><hr><blockquote>TiddlyWiki is being used for all kinds of things:<br><ul><li><a openedtip="hide + Tiddlypedia a collection of Wikipedia articles collected into a TiddlyWiki" openedtext="+ Tiddlypedia a collection of Wikipedia articles collected into a TiddlyWiki" closedtip="show + Tiddlypedia a collection of Wikipedia articles collected into a TiddlyWiki" closedtext="+ Tiddlypedia a collection of Wikipedia articles collected into a TiddlyWiki" class="button" title="show + Tiddlypedia a collection of Wikipedia articles collected into a TiddlyWiki" href="javascript:;">+ Tiddlypedia a collection of Wikipedia articles collected into a TiddlyWiki</a><div style="display: none;" transient="false" class="sliderPanel"><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://www.tiddlypedia.com/nordic/" href="http://www.tiddlypedia.com/nordic/" class="externalLink">The Nordic countries</a> <br><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://www.tiddlypedia.com/solarsystem/" href="http://www.tiddlypedia.com/solarsystem/" class="externalLink">Solar System</a><br><hr></div></li><li><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://t342.tiddlyspot.com/" href="http://t342.tiddlyspot.com/" class="externalLink">T342</a></li><li><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://tvphoto.eml.cc/" href="http://tvphoto.eml.cc/" class="externalLink">Photography</a> Nice Site</li><li><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://informationr.net/tdw/publ/chain_indexing/chain_indexing.html#Instructions" href="http://informationr.net/tdw/publ/chain_indexing/chain_indexing.html#Instructions" class="externalLink">Click here for An introduction to chain indexing Dewey Decimal</a></li><li><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://giffmex.tiddlyspot.com/" href="http://giffmex.tiddlyspot.com/" class="externalLink">TW Showcase</a></li><li><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://technology-escapades.net/qualitative.htm" href="http://technology-escapades.net/qualitative.htm" class="externalLink">My Qualitative TiddlyWiki</a> <span style="color: rgb(204, 0, 102);"><strong><span>»</span> <span>»</span></strong> </span> by CynthiaRussell</li><li><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://technology-escapades.net/APA.htm" href="http://technology-escapades.net/APA.htm" class="externalLink">My APA TiddlyWiki</a> <span style="color: rgb(204, 0, 102);"><strong><span>»</span> <span>»</span></strong> </span> by CynthiaRussell</li><li><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://ktrey.tiddlyspot.com/" href="http://ktrey.tiddlyspot.com/" class="externalLink">My name is Ktrey</a> writing painfully amateurish album reviews</li><li><strong><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://www.blinklist.com/tag/tiddlywiki/" href="http://www.blinklist.com/tag/tiddlywiki/" class="externalLink">TiddlyWiki Blink List</a></strong> Where dozens of <a tiddlylink="TiddlyWikis" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'TiddlyWikis' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">TiddlyWikis</a> hang out together.</li><li><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://hytext.com/TOPS.html" href="http://hytext.com/TOPS.html" class="externalLink">Task Oriented Performance Support </a> <span style="color: rgb(204, 0, 102);"><strong><span>»</span> <span>»</span></strong> </span> By Jerry Muelver</li><li><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://luceatlux.net/mcasmath10/" href="http://luceatlux.net/mcasmath10/" class="externalLink">George C Brackett</a> A TiddlyWiki for studying math or science</li><li><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://elj.tiddlyspot.com/" href="http://elj.tiddlyspot.com/" class="externalLink">EdgarJ</a> personal home page</li><li> Schools in South Australia to <a target="_blank" title="External link to https://secure.ait.org/wiki/background.htm" href="https://secure.ait.org/wiki/background.htm" class="externalLink">distribute class materials to students</a></li><li> <a tiddlylink="ChrisJohnson" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'ChrisJohnson' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">ChrisJohnson</a>'s <a target="_blank" title="External link to http://www.spkml.com/" href="http://www.spkml.com/" class="externalLink">personal home page</a></li><li> <a tiddlylink="JacksonBoyle" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'JacksonBoyle' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">JacksonBoyle</a>'s collection of <a target="_blank" title="External link to http://jacksonboyle.com/kitchen.htm" href="http://jacksonboyle.com/kitchen.htm" class="externalLink">recipes</a></li><li> <a tiddlylink="JonathanCamp" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'JonathanCamp' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">JonathanCamp</a>'s guide to <a target="_blank" title="External link to http://www.microupdate.net/cms/doc/PrinceII.html" href="http://www.microupdate.net/cms/doc/PrinceII.html" class="externalLink">Prince 2 project management</a></li><li> <a tiddlylink="BrandonSiegel" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'BrandonSiegel' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">BrandonSiegel</a>'s <a target="_blank" title="External link to http://anubis.case.edu/398n" href="http://anubis.case.edu/398n" class="externalLink">Case Personal Security Device Project</a></li><li> <a tiddlylink="MichaelDansie" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'MichaelDansie' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">MichaelDansie</a>'s site for the <a target="_blank" title="External link to http://msig.med.utah.edu/RunningUtes/cryptogram/aca.html" href="http://msig.med.utah.edu/RunningUtes/cryptogram/aca.html" class="externalLink">American Cryptogram Association</a></li><li> <a tiddlylink="BrianHolland" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'BrianHolland' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">BrianHolland</a>'s <a target="_blank" title="External link to http://www.acsu.buffalo.edu/~bholland/" href="http://www.acsu.buffalo.edu/%7Ebholland/" class="externalLink">student nodes</a> from Buffalo Law School</li><li> <a tiddlylink="RuiCarmo" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'RuiCarmo' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">RuiCarmo</a>'s <a target="_blank" title="External link to http://the.taoofmac.com/space/Python/Grimoire" href="http://the.taoofmac.com/space/Python/Grimoire" class="externalLink">Python Grimoire</a>, a sort of recipe book for the programming language Python</li><li> Rich Kulesus' <a target="_blank" title="External link to http://www.skinyourscreen.com/mrbiotech/" href="http://www.skinyourscreen.com/mrbiotech/" class="externalLink">themer's blog</a></li><li> Qliner Software are using <a tiddlylink="TiddlyWiki" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkExisting" title="TiddlyWiki - MorrisGray, Sunday, July 08, 2007 8:57:00 PM" href="javascript:;">TiddlyWiki</a> to create the site for their <a target="_blank" title="External link to http://www.qliner.com/hotkeys/" href="http://www.qliner.com/hotkeys/" class="externalLink">hotkeys</a> product</li><li> <a tiddlylink="AndreasKänner" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'AndreasKänner' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">AndreasKänner</a>'s family home page at <a target="_blank" title="External link to http://www.kaenner.de/" href="http://www.kaenner.de/" class="externalLink">http://www.kaenner.de/</a></li><li> <strong>EliseSpringer</strong>, a philospher at Wesleyan University in Connecticut, USA, is using <a tiddlylink="TiddlyWiki" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkExisting" title="TiddlyWiki - MorrisGray, Sunday, July 08, 2007 8:57:00 PM" href="javascript:;">TiddlyWiki</a> for her homepage at <a target="_blank" title="External link to http://espringer.web.wesleyan.edu/" href="http://espringer.web.wesleyan.edu/" class="externalLink">http://espringer.web.wesleyan.edu/</a> and for</li><ul><li><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://parmenides.objectis.net/reason/" href="http://parmenides.objectis.net/reason/" class="externalLink">ReasoningWell</a>, a wiki for her Philosophy faculty</li><li><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://reasoningwell.tiddlyspot.com/" href="http://reasoningwell.tiddlyspot.com/" class="externalLink">ReasoningWell</a> New on <a tiddlylink="TiddlySpot" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'TiddlySpot' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">TiddlySpot</a></li></ul><li> <a tiddlylink="MarkWygent" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'MarkWygent' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">MarkWygent</a> of Wygent Reeds, a maker of Scottish bagpipe reeds from Delaware, has compiled a fascinating home page using <a tiddlylink="TiddlyWiki" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkExisting" title="TiddlyWiki - MorrisGray, Sunday, July 08, 2007 8:57:00 PM" href="javascript:;">TiddlyWiki</a> at <a target="_blank" title="External link to http://www.wygent.com/" href="http://www.wygent.com/" class="externalLink">http://www.wygent.com/</a></li><li> <a tiddlylink="ChristopherJames" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'ChristopherJames' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">ChristopherJames</a> has compiled a comprehensive guide to <a tiddlylink="TabletPCs" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'TabletPCs' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">TabletPCs</a> at <a target="_blank" title="External link to http://www.tabletpcwiki.net/" href="http://www.tabletpcwiki.net/" class="externalLink">http://www.tabletpcwiki.net/</a></li><li> <a tiddlylink="MiguelCentellas" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'MiguelCentellas' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">MiguelCentellas</a> has created an extensive guide to Bolivian politics at <a target="_blank" title="External link to http://www.centellas.org/politics/politiddly.html" href="http://www.centellas.org/politics/politiddly.html" class="externalLink">http://www.centellas.org/politics/politiddly.html</a></li><li> <a tiddlylink="BrunoTiagoRodrigues" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'BrunoTiagoRodrigues' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">BrunoTiagoRodrigues</a> has created a geocaching community site in Portuguese at <a target="_blank" title="External link to http://travelbugrace.geocaching-pt.net/" href="http://travelbugrace.geocaching-pt.net/" class="externalLink">http://travelbugrace.geocaching-pt.net/</a>.</li><li> <a tiddlylink="CharlesStross" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'CharlesStross' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">CharlesStross</a>, a celebrated British <a tiddlylink="ScienceFiction" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'ScienceFiction' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">ScienceFiction</a> writer, has used <a tiddlylink="TiddlyWiki" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkExisting" title="TiddlyWiki - MorrisGray, Sunday, July 08, 2007 8:57:00 PM" href="javascript:;">TiddlyWiki</a> for his 'Tough Guide to the Rapture of the Nerds' at <a target="_blank" title="External link to http://www.antipope.org/charlie/toughguide.html" href="http://www.antipope.org/charlie/toughguide.html" class="externalLink">http://www.antipope.org/charlie/toughguide.html</a>.</li><li> <a tiddlylink="KristofferNilausOlsen" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'KristofferNilausOlsen' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">KristofferNilausOlsen</a>, a member of the Danish Student Group of Amnesty International, has used <a tiddlylink="TiddlyWiki" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkExisting" title="TiddlyWiki - MorrisGray, Sunday, July 08, 2007 8:57:00 PM" href="javascript:;">TiddlyWiki</a> to collate reports of breaches of human rights. His site is at <a target="_blank" title="External link to http://www.resultat.dk/sg/tw/students.html" href="http://www.resultat.dk/sg/tw/students.html" class="externalLink">http://www.resultat.dk/sg/tw/students.html</a>.</li><li> <a tiddlylink="MartinSilcock" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'MartinSilcock' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">MartinSilcock</a>, an brand researcher working with Millward Brown, is using <a tiddlylink="TiddlyWiki" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkExisting" title="TiddlyWiki - MorrisGray, Sunday, July 08, 2007 8:57:00 PM" href="javascript:;">TiddlyWiki</a> for his homepage at <a target="_blank" title="External link to http://www.explorate.co.uk/" href="http://www.explorate.co.uk/" class="externalLink">http://www.explorate.co.uk/</a>.</li><li> Many people are using the <a tiddlylink="GTDTiddlyWiki" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'GTDTiddlyWiki' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">GTDTiddlyWiki</a> variant for personal productivity, and there's been some interesting experiments in <a tiddlylink="TiddlyWikiFiction" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'TiddlyWikiFiction' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">TiddlyWikiFiction</a>.</li></ul></blockquote></span></div><a openedtip="hide Fold TiddlyWikiAdaptations" openedtext="Fold TiddlyWikiAdaptations" closedtip="show Fold TiddlyWikiAdaptations" closedtext="Fold TiddlyWikiAdaptations" class="button" title="hide Fold TiddlyWikiAdaptations" href="javascript:;">Fold TiddlyWikiAdaptations</a><div style="display: block;" transient="false" class="sliderPanel"><span tiddler="TiddlyWikiAdaptations" refresh="content"><h3><strong>TidldyWiki Adaptations</strong> <sup><a tiddler="TiddlyWikiAdaptations" commandname="editTiddler" class="button" title="Edit this tiddler" href="javascript:;">edit</a></sup></h3><hr>Latest update 02 July 2007<br><hr>Here are some interesting adaptations of <a tiddlylink="TiddlyWiki" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkExisting" title="TiddlyWiki - MorrisGray, Sunday, July 08, 2007 8:57:00 PM" href="javascript:;">TiddlyWiki</a> code;<br><br><a openedtip="hide Time sheets and formbuilder" openedtext=" Time sheets and formbuilder" closedtip="show Time sheets and formbuilder" closedtext=" Time sheets and formbuilder" class="button" title="show Time sheets and formbuilder" href="javascript:;"> Time sheets and formbuilder</a><div style="display: none;" transient="false" class="sliderPanel"><blockquote>I showed <a tiddlylink="TiddlyWiki" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkExisting" title="TiddlyWiki - MorrisGray, Sunday, July 08, 2007 8:57:00 PM" href="javascript:;">TiddlyWiki</a> to a friend of mine. I didn't manage to get him hooked<br>on TW but he was quite interested in the single file applications concept.<br>He borrowed some TW code and used it to make these:<br><br><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://yourtimesheets.com/" href="http://yourtimesheets.com/" class="externalLink">http://yourtimesheets.com/</a><br><br>It's a single file app for doing timesheets like the ones you might show<br>your boss at the end of the week. You can keep track of how many hours<br>you've worked and if you work extra hours or take leave or whatever. Once<br>the week ends you can "lock" the file and with one click create a new<br>timesheet for the following week. It will also do some other things like<br>verify that you worked enough hours.<br><br><a target="_blank" title="External link to http://yourformbuilder.com/" href="http://yourformbuilder.com/" class="externalLink">http://yourformbuilder.com/</a><br><br>This is a single page app that has two "modes". First is an authoring tool<br>for a survey type form. You can add questions in a number of formats and<br>edit them right in your browser with drag and drop and validation rules etc.<br>Then when you're done you "publish" the form. This saves a standalone file<br>that contains the survey questions. This file you send out via email to<br>everyone who has to complete the survey. They complete the survey, verify<br>and save their file, then send it back to you. I'm not 100% if there are<br>tools to collate the results of your survey but it would not be hard to<br>write a little data extraction tool if their wasn't.<br><br>Anyway I'm certain he'd be interested in feedback, so if you want to try<br>these out then post comments to this thread.<br><br>Cheers,<br>Simon.<br></blockquote></div><br><br><a openedtip="hide What the author said" openedtext="What the author said" closedtip="show What the author said" closedtext="What the author said" class="button" title="show What the author said" href="javascript:;">What the author said</a><div style="display: none;" transient="false" class="sliderPanel"><blockquote>Hi all,<br><br>Simon's Friend here.<br><br>Glad to get some feedback about the two sites, and *very* glad that<br>everyone seemed to like them.<br><br>A couple of things in response to some of the questions.<br><br>Firstly, I took both of these tools on as an experiment, because I<br>know Simon Baird and I had some interest in SPA programming, not<br>because I had knew anything about tiddlywiki.<br><br>Udo was correct in the fact that actaully the only part of the<br>tiddlywiki that is used is the "store" technology. However the main<br>reason for this was because I actually sell a commercial timesheeting<br>application, and therefore already had most of the client side<br>javascript/dhtml code to do all of the screens and timesheet logic.<br>The easiest way to get yourtimesheets.com (which was the first one )<br>up and running was to simply replace the server-side code with the<br>tiddlywiki "store" technology.<br><br>In response to FND ( and others ) about the tasks recording, the<br>reason I didn't include this is yourtimesheets.com is because, as I<br>said before this was an experiment and I didn't want to spend a lot of<br>time on it. The commercial timesheet software that I wrote has task/<br>customer/project time dissection built into it, so I already have the<br>code, it is just a matter of finding the value in the effort to add it<br>to yourtimesheets.com.<br><br>And in response to Uwe. I am sorry about the lack of globalisation of<br>yourforms.com , I will look at doing this is future releases. I was<br>also looking at writing an application that could take muliple files<br>and statistically analyse the information. The data that is stored in<br>each file includes the question definition and the answer given by the<br>user, so it is fairly easy to analyse this data.<br><br>Please note both these projects are free to plunder, and I am happy if<br>people want to copy whole/parts of/re-write/make better/whatever, but<br>if you do something with them just tell simon, so I will eventually<br>find out about it.<br><br>Thanks.. and happy tiddling.. <br></blockquote></div><br><br><hr>Before <a tiddlylink="TiddlyWiki" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkExisting" title="TiddlyWiki - MorrisGray, Sunday, July 08, 2007 8:57:00 PM" href="javascript:;">TiddlyWiki</a> supported <a tiddlylink="Plugins" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkExisting" title="Plugins - MorrisGray, Sunday, September 09, 2007 2:43:00 AM" href="javascript:;">Plugins</a>,
several independent developers created their own extended adaptations
to support new features. These can be considered forks of the original
core code, and won't necessarily be based on the latest version. For
that reason, the trend more recently has been for developers to release
new features as <a tiddlylink="Plugins" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkExisting" title="Plugins - MorrisGray, Sunday, September 09, 2007 2:43:00 AM" href="javascript:;">Plugins</a> that can be readily mixed and matched and upgraded to the latest version.<br><br>Adaptations include:<br><blockquote><ul><li> <a tiddlylink="TimoBenk" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'TimoBenk' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">TimoBenk</a>'s <a tiddlylink="TiddlyTasks" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'TiddlyTasks' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">TiddlyTasks</a> at <a target="_blank" title="External link to http://m28s01.vlinux.de/tiddlytasks.html" href="http://m28s01.vlinux.de/tiddlytasks.html" class="externalLink">http://m28s01.vlinux.de/tiddlytasks.html</a></li><li> <a tiddlylink="KeithHodges" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'KeithHodges' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">KeithHodges</a>' <a tiddlylink="TiddlyPom" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'TiddlyPom' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">TiddlyPom</a> at <a target="_blank" title="External link to http://www.warwick.ac.uk/~tuspam/tiddlypom.html" href="http://www.warwick.ac.uk/%7Etuspam/tiddlypom.html" class="externalLink">http://www.warwick.ac.uk/~tuspam/tiddlypom.html</a></li><li> <a tiddlylink="RodneyGomes" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'RodneyGomes' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">RodneyGomes</a>' <a tiddlylink="RoWiki" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'RoWiki' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">RoWiki</a>, based on <a tiddlylink="PyTW" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'PyTW' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">PyTW</a>, at <a target="_blank" title="External link to http://rodney.gotdns.com/" href="http://rodney.gotdns.com/" class="externalLink">http://rodney.gotdns.com/</a></li><li> <a tiddlylink="LarsEnglund" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'LarsEnglund' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">LarsEnglund</a>'s <a tiddlylink="TiddlyWikiRDF" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'TiddlyWikiRDF' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">TiddlyWikiRDF</a> at <a target="_blank" title="External link to http://larsenglund.com/TiddlyWikiRDF/" href="http://larsenglund.com/TiddlyWikiRDF/" class="externalLink">http://larsenglund.com/TiddlyWikiRDF/</a></li><li> <a tiddlylink="BramChen" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'BramChen' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">BramChen</a>'s <a tiddlylink="PrinceTiddlyWiki" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'PrinceTiddlyWiki' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">PrinceTiddlyWiki</a> at <a target="_blank" title="External link to http://ptw.sf.net/index-en.html" href="http://ptw.sf.net/index-en.html" class="externalLink">http://ptw.sf.net/index-en.html</a></li><li> <a tiddlylink="JoshGoebel" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'JoshGoebel' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">JoshGoebel</a>'s <a tiddlylink="ServerSideWiki" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'ServerSideWiki' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">ServerSideWiki</a> at <a target="_blank" title="External link to http://www.serversidewiki.com" href="http://www.serversidewiki.com" class="externalLink">http://www.serversidewiki.com</a></li><li> <a tiddlylink="MasakiYatsu" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'MasakiYatsu' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">MasakiYatsu</a>'s <a tiddlylink="LesserWiki" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'LesserWiki' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">LesserWiki</a> at <a target="_blank" title="External link to http://lesserwiki.org/" href="http://lesserwiki.org/" class="externalLink">http://lesserwiki.org/</a></li><li> <a tiddlylink="MichaelBridgen" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'MichaelBridgen' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">MichaelBridgen</a>'s <a tiddlylink="StickyWiki" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'StickyWiki' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">StickyWiki</a> at <a target="_blank" title="External link to http://www.squaremobius.net/~mikeb/Darcs/sticky-wiki/" href="http://www.squaremobius.net/%7Emikeb/Darcs/sticky-wiki/" class="externalLink">http://www.squaremobius.net/~mikeb/Darcs/sticky-wiki/</a></li><li> <a tiddlylink="DavidHarper" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'DavidHarper' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">DavidHarper</a>'s <a tiddlylink="BloTid" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'BloTid' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">BloTid</a>, at <a target="_blank" title="External link to http://www.spacecoastweb.net/BloTid/Tiddly/" href="http://www.spacecoastweb.net/BloTid/Tiddly/" class="externalLink">http://www.spacecoastweb.net/BloTid/Tiddly/</a></li><li> <a tiddlylink="JacquesTurbé" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'JacquesTurbé' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">JacquesTurbé</a>'s <a tiddlylink="TidliPo" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'TidliPo' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">TidliPo</a>, in French at <a target="_blank" title="External link to http://avm.free.fr/tidlipo.html" href="http://avm.free.fr/tidlipo.html" class="externalLink">http://avm.free.fr/tidlipo.html</a></li><li> <a tiddlylink="JoeRaii" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'JoeRaii' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">JoeRaii</a>'s pytw at <a target="_blank" title="External link to http://www.cs.utexas.edu/~joeraii/pytw/" href="http://www.cs.utexas.edu/%7Ejoeraii/pytw/" class="externalLink">http://www.cs.utexas.edu/~joeraii/pytw/</a> and his Siglet at <a target="_blank" title="External link to http://www.cs.utexas.edu/~joeraii/siglet/" href="http://www.cs.utexas.edu/%7Ejoeraii/siglet/" class="externalLink">http://www.cs.utexas.edu/~joeraii/siglet/</a></li><li> <a tiddlylink="JároliJózsef" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'JároliJózsef' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">JároliJózsef</a>'s <a tiddlylink="MagyarTiddlyWiki" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'MagyarTiddlyWiki' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">MagyarTiddlyWiki</a> at <a target="_blank" title="External link to http://innen.hu/MagyarTiddlyWiki" href="http://innen.hu/MagyarTiddlyWiki" class="externalLink">http://innen.hu/MagyarTiddlyWiki</a> in Hungarian</li><li> Yoshimov's <a tiddlylink="EncryptedTiddlyWiki" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'EncryptedTiddlyWiki' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">EncryptedTiddlyWiki</a>, at <a target="_blank" title="External link to http://wiki.yoshimov.com/?page=EncryptedTiddlyWiki" href="http://wiki.yoshimov.com/?page=EncryptedTiddlyWiki" class="externalLink">http://wiki.yoshimov.com/?page=EncryptedTiddlyWiki</a></li><li> <a tiddlylink="TiagoDionizio" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'TiagoDionizio' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">TiagoDionizio</a>'s <a tiddlylink="TsWiki" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'TsWiki' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">TsWiki</a> using Tcl and <a tiddlylink="SQLite" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'SQLite' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">SQLite</a>, at <a target="_blank" title="External link to http://mega.ist.utl.pt/~tngd/wiki/" href="http://mega.ist.utl.pt/%7Etngd/wiki/" class="externalLink">http://mega.ist.utl.pt/~tngd/wiki/</a></li><li> <a tiddlylink="TimMorgan" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'TimMorgan' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">TimMorgan</a>'s <a tiddlylink="ZiddlyWiki" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'ZiddlyWiki' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">ZiddlyWiki</a> based on Zope, at <a target="_blank" title="External link to http://ziddlywiki.org/" href="http://ziddlywiki.org/" class="externalLink">http://ziddlywiki.org/</a></li><li> <a tiddlylink="SteveRumsby" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'SteveRumsby' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">SteveRumsby</a>'s <a tiddlylink="YetAnotherTiddlyWikiAdaptation" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'YetAnotherTiddlyWikiAdaptation' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">YetAnotherTiddlyWikiAdaptation</a> at <a target="_blank" title="External link to http://www.rumsby.org/yatwa/" href="http://www.rumsby.org/yatwa/" class="externalLink">http://www.rumsby.org/yatwa/</a></li><li> <a tiddlylink="PhonoHawk" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'PhonoHawk' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">PhonoHawk</a>'s <a tiddlylink="PerlTiddlyWiki" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'PerlTiddlyWiki' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">PerlTiddlyWiki</a> at <a target="_blank" title="External link to http://ccm.sherry.jp/tiddly/" href="http://ccm.sherry.jp/tiddly/" class="externalLink">http://ccm.sherry.jp/tiddly/</a></li><li> <a tiddlylink="NathanBower" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'NathanBower' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">NathanBower</a>'s <a tiddlylink="GTDTiddlyWiki" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'GTDTiddlyWiki' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">GTDTiddlyWiki</a> at <a target="_blank" title="External link to http://shared.snapgrid.com/gtd_tiddlywiki.html" href="http://shared.snapgrid.com/gtd_tiddlywiki.html" class="externalLink">http://shared.snapgrid.com/gtd_tiddlywiki.html</a></li><li> <a tiddlylink="GeetDuggal" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'GeetDuggal' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">GeetDuggal</a>'s <a tiddlylink="PileTiddly" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'PileTiddly' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">PileTiddly</a> at <a target="_blank" title="External link to http://www.geetduggal.com/PileTiddly/" href="http://www.geetduggal.com/PileTiddly/" class="externalLink">http://www.geetduggal.com/PileTiddly/</a></li><li> <a tiddlylink="DanPhiffer" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'DanPhiffer' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">DanPhiffer</a>'s <a tiddlylink="TiddlyWikiRemote" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'TiddlyWikiRemote' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">TiddlyWikiRemote</a> at <a target="_blank" title="External link to http://phiffer.org/tiddly/" href="http://phiffer.org/tiddly/" class="externalLink">http://phiffer.org/tiddly/</a></li><li> <a tiddlylink="JonnyLeRoy" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'JonnyLeRoy' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">JonnyLeRoy</a>'s <a tiddlylink="TiddlyTagWiki" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'TiddlyTagWiki' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">TiddlyTagWiki</a> at <a target="_blank" title="External link to http://www.digitaldimsum.co.uk/" href="http://www.digitaldimsum.co.uk/" class="externalLink">http://www.digitaldimsum.co.uk/</a></li><li> <a tiddlylink="JodyFoo" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'JodyFoo' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">JodyFoo</a>'s <a tiddlylink="TagglyWiki" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'TagglyWiki' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">TagglyWiki</a> at <a target="_blank" title="External link to http://informationality.com/tagglywiki/tagglywiki.html" href="http://informationality.com/tagglywiki/tagglywiki.html" class="externalLink">http://informationality.com/tagglywiki/tagglywiki.html</a></li><li> <a tiddlylink="ChristianHauck" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'ChristianHauck' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">ChristianHauck</a>'s at <a target="_blank" title="External link to http://www.christianhauck.net/html/14300.html" href="http://www.christianhauck.net/html/14300.html" class="externalLink">http://www.christianhauck.net/html/14300.html</a></li><li> <a tiddlylink="TonyLownds" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'TonyLownds' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">TonyLownds</a>'s <a tiddlylink="TiddlyHacks" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'TiddlyHacks' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">TiddlyHacks</a> at <a target="_blank" title="External link to http://tony.lownds.com/tiddly/dev/cgi/index.cgi" href="http://tony.lownds.com/tiddly/dev/cgi/index.cgi" class="externalLink">http://tony.lownds.com/tiddly/dev/cgi/index.cgi</a></li><li> <a tiddlylink="AlanHecht" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'AlanHecht' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">AlanHecht</a>'s <a tiddlylink="QwikiWeb" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'QwikiWeb' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">QwikiWeb</a> at <a target="_blank" title="External link to http://snipurl.com/qwikiweb" href="http://snipurl.com/qwikiweb" class="externalLink">http://snipurl.com/qwikiweb</a></li><li> <a tiddlylink="TimCuthbertson" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'TimCuthbertson' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">TimCuthbertson</a> and <a tiddlylink="MattGiuca" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'MattGiuca' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">MattGiuca</a>'s <a tiddlylink="TiddlyWikiCSS" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'TiddlyWikiCSS' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">TiddlyWikiCSS</a> at <a target="_blank" title="External link to http://codestar.lidonet.net/misc/tiddlywikicss.html" href="http://codestar.lidonet.net/misc/tiddlywikicss.html" class="externalLink">http://codestar.lidonet.net/misc/tiddlywikicss.html</a></li><ul><li> <a tiddlylink="PeterLazarev" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'PeterLazarev' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">PeterLazarev</a>'s further improvements at <a target="_blank" title="External link to http://petka.webhop.net/#NiceTiddlyWiki" href="http://petka.webhop.net/#NiceTiddlyWiki" class="externalLink">http://petka.webhop.net/#NiceTiddlyWiki</a></li></ul><li> <a tiddlylink="PatrickCurry" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'PatrickCurry' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">PatrickCurry</a> and <a tiddlylink="GabrielJeffrey" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'GabrielJeffrey' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">GabrielJeffrey</a>'s <a tiddlylink="PhpTiddlyWiki" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'PhpTiddlyWiki' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">PhpTiddlyWiki</a> at <a target="_blank" title="External link to http://www.patrickcurry.com/tiddly/" href="http://www.patrickcurry.com/tiddly/" class="externalLink">http://www.patrickcurry.com/tiddly/</a></li></ul><br><ul><li> There's also <a tiddlylink="KevemBuangga" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'KevemBuangga' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">KevemBuangga</a>'s <a tiddlylink="TiddlyWikiClone" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'TiddlyWikiClone' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">TiddlyWikiClone</a> at <a target="_blank" title="External link to http://www.kevembuangga.com/hwk/hailiwiki.htm" href="http://www.kevembuangga.com/hwk/hailiwiki.htm" class="externalLink">http://www.kevembuangga.com/hwk/hailiwiki.htm</a></li><li> Also inspired by <a tiddlylink="TiddlyWiki" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkExisting" title="TiddlyWiki - MorrisGray, Sunday, July 08, 2007 8:57:00 PM" href="javascript:;">TiddlyWiki</a>, Dr <a tiddlylink="MichaelRees" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'MichaelRees' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">MichaelRees</a>' <a target="_blank" title="External link to http://comet.it.bond.edu.au/dotsoft/Pages/dotwikiehome.aspx" href="http://comet.it.bond.edu.au/dotsoft/Pages/dotwikiehome.aspx" class="externalLink">DotWikIE</a>,</li><li> And <a tiddlylink="AndreNho" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'AndreNho' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">AndreNho</a>'s <a tiddlylink="StickWiki" refresh="link" class="tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkNonExisting" title="The tiddler 'StickWiki' doesn't yet exist" href="javascript:;">StickWiki</a> at <a target="_blank" title="External link to http://stickwiki.sourceforge.net/" href="http://stickwiki.sourceforge.net/" class="externalLink">http://stickwiki.sourceforge.net/</a></li></ul></blockquote></span></div></html>
Dear RatBagradio,
A few of us know exactly your present state of mind. It is quickly
becoming what is known as the 'TiddlyWiki Tick'. The overwhelming
feeling that you are onto something important having discovered
TiddlyWiki. It's a nagging feeling that you could create wonders if
you could just get your head around it.
The next phase of the 'tick' (besides the uncontrollable head jerking
and the drooling) is that if there was just some proper documentation,
starting at the right level, all would become clear; new horizons
would open and you could take TiddlyWiki to the outer-reaches where
software has never gone before.
But alas, TiddlyWiki will never be tamed in such a way. Many have
tried to break this wild stallion by brute force, by caressing and
nurturing, begging, crying; even TiddlyWiki whisperers have tried.
The tertiary stage is setting about documenting it in your own style,
learning it as you go and putting it down in a way you understand it,
and hopefully, many of a like mind will understand it in your style.
Many have tried at the beginners level as we each perceived it.
Me: http://twhelp.tiddlyspot.com
Dave Gifford: http://www.giffmex.org/twfortherestofus.html
Julie Starr: http://tiddlertoddler.tiddlyspot.com/
Even an intelligent combined group: http://www.tiddlywiki.org/
And gobs more on all levels at: http://twhelp.tiddlyspot.com/#OtherHelpSites
The truth is that TiddlyWiki can do almost anything, therefore there
is no beginners level and no one is an accomplished expert; for the
goal post of really knowing TiddlyWiki only moves farther away the
closer you get.
Start an explanatory TiddlyWiki at http://tiddlyspot.com and explain
it the best way you can... you have nothing to lose and we will all
gain by your efforts.
Morris Gray
http://twhelp.tiddlyspot.com
A TiddlyWiki help file for beginners
Source: [[TiddlyWiki Newbie/Beginners group needed - TiddlyWiki : Google Groups|http://groups.google.com/group/TiddlyWiki/msg/0623e6ec64eaaed7]]
<html><h3 class="post-title" id="PostTitle">
<a href="http://leftclickblog.blogspot.com/2008/02/tiddlywiki-for-left-journoes-and.html">TiddlyWiki for left journoes and researchers</a>
</h3>
<p>by Dave Riley<br><br>I have been exploring the wonderful world of wikis lately and engineering a few projects in that mode such as <a href="http://activistcookbook.wikispaces.com/">The Activist Toolkit.</a><br><br>I <i>luv</i> the<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiki"> wiki</a> way.( Now there's a t-shirt.)<br><br>I
am moving a lot of my activity into wiki mode as I explore the platform
and test its potential.I use it for podcasting, file sharing, web page
creation, collaborative editing, pedagogy, and much more of what takes
my fancy as a good idea at the time.<br><br>En route I've come across another pristine application -- <a href="http://www.tiddlywiki.com/">TiddlyWiki </a>--the habits of which are almost impossible for me to explain. As Jeremy Ruston its developer says:<br></p><div style="text-align: justify; font-style: italic;"><blockquote><span style="font-size: 85%;">A
TiddlyWiki is like a blog because it's divided up into neat little
chunks (tiddlers), but it encourages you to read it by hyperlinking
rather than sequentially: if you like, a non-linear blog analogue that
binds the individual microcontent items into a cohesive whole. I think
that TiddlyWiki represents a novel medium for writing, and will promote
its own distinctive Writing Style.</span></blockquote></div>Theres' <a href="http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=772332146705420259">a crude video on Google</a> which explores Ruston's concept further relative to the whole history of the written word and lineal or sequential writing.<br><br>In many ways this blog harnesses some of these concepts developed further by Ruston. <b>LeftClick's</b> <a href="http://hackosphere.blogspot.com/2006/12/now-available-neo-template.html">NEO template </a><br>runs
like that, on hyperlinks. That's the great power of the labels in the
left hand column and the easy access to content in the central column.<br><br>TiddlyWiki
goes further so that the journey around the content is a massive
collage of optional choices. that are layered as you access them but
not layered such that you cannot easily pull one back up to view it.<br><br>Take this DIY site as an example: <a href="http://www.giffmex.org/twfortherestofus.html">TiddlyWiki for the rest of us.</span></a>Explore the links and you'll get an idea of how it performs.<br><br><script id="srevver117274120477433825015822" src="http://flash.revver.com/player/1.0/player.js?mediaId:117274;width:480;height:392" type="text/javascript"></script><div style="visibility: visible;" id="revver11727412047743382503868"><object id="vrevver117274120477433825013327" data="http://flash.revver.com/player/1.0/player.swf?r=revver11727412047743382503868" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" height="392" width="480"><param value="noScale" name="scale"><param value="TL" name="salign"><param value="#000000" name="bgcolor"><param value="&mediaId=117274&width=480&height=392&allowFullScreen=true" name="flashvars"><param value="always" name="allowscriptaccess"><param value="true" name="allowfullscreen"></object></div><br><b><br>So what?</b><br><br>Maybe
you are thinking that this is just another Web 2.0 stunt--a flashy
exercise in playing with code.I thought the same too when I started to
play with it. But when I had engineered my site a bit and got used to
the unusual interface the startling potential hit me so I chased after
the promised engineering.<br><br>I spent a late night on my first Tiddly...<br><br>This
is where the TiddlyWiki comes into its own special relevance.TiddlyWiki
is an ingenious free application that is ideal for taking and
organizing notes, and managing small personal databases. I can
orchestrate this wonderful notebook via a simply process of copy and
paste <i>on</i> or <i>off</i> the web by using a <a href="http://tiddlysnip.com/#About">Tiddlysnip addon</a> I can pull into my TiddlyWiki stuff from anywhere on the web and incorporate that with material form my own desktop.<br><br>The
wonderful trick is that you run TiddlyWiki as an application on and off
the web by a simple one click process of upload and download syncing.
And the best way to do that is run it off your USB stick (if you've got
one) so that you can take your work anywhere you want to.<br><hr><br><a href="http://science.tiddlyspot.com/"> </a><div align="center"><a href="http://science.tiddlyspot.com/"><img src="http://tiddlyspot.com/_ts/images/gallery/science.jpg" alt="screenshot" height="154" width="200"> </a></div> <div align="center">Science Matters</div><div align="center"> </div><div align="center">a personal TiddlyWiki science notebook</div><div align="center"> </div> <div align="center"><a href="http://science.tiddlyspot.com/"> science.tiddlyspot.com </a></div> <div align="center"> </div><hr><br>So if I was writing an article or a talk I can pull my web resources together <i>and tag them </i>for easy and very quick access and reference as I have this TiddlyWiki ability to search my own data base in a flash.<br><br>Aficionados
suggest you should run a TiddlyWiki as your note taker for your whole
university degree or to pull your Phd thesis together. <a href="http://discourse.tiddlyspot.com/">See this example. </a>(or click on the image above)<br><br>Unfortunately
a TiddlyWiki isn't an easy thing to master. The logic is so different
from lineal logic that it is hard to get your head around the
protocols. But I suggest that you apply yourself and let the platform
Tiddly teach you to wiki by interacting with the site and creating your
own magic by trail and error (and "error" doesn't matter one iota.
TiddlyWiki is forgiving of fools like me).<br><br>But once you merge <a href="http://tiddlyspot.com/">an online site </a>with
a Tiddly on your desktop or archived on your USB stick (or within your
mp3 player which can serve the same role) the world's your oyster.<br><br><div style="width: 425px; text-align: left;" id="__ss_152394"><object style="margin: 0px;" height="355" width="425"><param name="movie" value="http://static.slideshare.net/swf/ssplayer2.swf?doc=an-introduction-to-tiddlywiki-revised-1193924841420239-1"><param name="allowFullScreen" value="true"><param name="allowScriptAccess" value="always"><embed src="http://static.slideshare.net/swf/ssplayer2.swf?doc=an-introduction-to-tiddlywiki-revised-1193924841420239-1" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" allowscriptaccess="always" allowfullscreen="true" height="355" width="425"></object><div style="font-size: 11px; font-family: tahoma,arial; height: 26px; padding-top: 2px;"><a href="http://www.slideshare.net/?src=embed"><img src="http://static.slideshare.net/swf/logo_embd.png" style="border: 0px none ; margin-bottom: -5px;" alt="SlideShare"></a> | <a href="http://www.slideshare.net/guest102a23/an-introduction-to-tiddlywiki-revised?src=embed" title="View 'An Introduction to TiddlyWiki, revised' on SlideShare">View</a> | <a href="http://www.slideshare.net/upload?src=embed">Upload your own</a></div></div></html>
/***
Contains the stuff you need to use Tiddlyspot
Note you must also have UploadPlugin installed
***/
//{{{
// edit this if you are migrating sites or retrofitting an existing TW
config.tiddlyspotSiteId = 'ratbagradio';
// make it so you can by default see edit controls via http
config.options.chkHttpReadOnly = false;
window.readOnly = false; // make sure of it (for tw 2.2)
// disable autosave in d3
if (window.location.protocol != "file:")
config.options.chkGTDLazyAutoSave = false;
// tweak shadow tiddlers to add upload button, password entry box etc
with (config.shadowTiddlers) {
SiteUrl = 'http://'+config.tiddlyspotSiteId+'.tiddlyspot.com';
SideBarOptions = SideBarOptions.replace(/(<<saveChanges>>)/,"$1<<tiddler TspotSidebar>>");
OptionsPanel = OptionsPanel.replace(/^/,"<<tiddler TspotOptions>>");
DefaultTiddlers = DefaultTiddlers.replace(/^/,"[[WelcomeToTiddlyspot]] ");
MainMenu = MainMenu.replace(/^/,"[[WelcomeToTiddlyspot]] ");
}
// create some shadow tiddler content
merge(config.shadowTiddlers,{
'WelcomeToTiddlyspot':[
"This document is a ~TiddlyWiki from tiddlyspot.com. A ~TiddlyWiki is an electronic notebook that is great for managing todo lists, personal information, and all sorts of things.",
"",
"@@font-weight:bold;font-size:1.3em;color:#444; //What now?// @@ Before you can save any changes, you need to enter your password in the form below. Then configure privacy and other site settings at your [[control panel|http://" + config.tiddlyspotSiteId + ".tiddlyspot.com/controlpanel]] (your control panel username is //" + config.tiddlyspotSiteId + "//).",
"<<tiddler TspotControls>>",
"See also GettingStarted.",
"",
"@@font-weight:bold;font-size:1.3em;color:#444; //Working online// @@ You can edit this ~TiddlyWiki right now, and save your changes using the \"save to web\" button in the column on the right.",
"",
"@@font-weight:bold;font-size:1.3em;color:#444; //Working offline// @@ A fully functioning copy of this ~TiddlyWiki can be saved onto your hard drive or USB stick. You can make changes and save them locally without being connected to the Internet. When you're ready to sync up again, just click \"upload\" and your ~TiddlyWiki will be saved back to tiddlyspot.com.",
"",
"@@font-weight:bold;font-size:1.3em;color:#444; //Help!// @@ Find out more about ~TiddlyWiki at [[TiddlyWiki.com|http://tiddlywiki.com]]. Also visit [[TiddlyWiki Guides|http://tiddlywikiguides.org]] for documentation on learning and using ~TiddlyWiki. New users are especially welcome on the [[TiddlyWiki mailing list|http://groups.google.com/group/TiddlyWiki]], which is an excellent place to ask questions and get help. If you have a tiddlyspot related problem email [[tiddlyspot support|mailto:support@tiddlyspot.com]].",
"",
"@@font-weight:bold;font-size:1.3em;color:#444; //Enjoy :)// @@ We hope you like using your tiddlyspot.com site. Please email [[feedback@tiddlyspot.com|mailto:feedback@tiddlyspot.com]] with any comments or suggestions."
].join("\n"),
'TspotControls':[
"| tiddlyspot password:|<<option pasUploadPassword>>|",
"| site management:|<<upload http://" + config.tiddlyspotSiteId + ".tiddlyspot.com/store.cgi index.html . . " + config.tiddlyspotSiteId + ">>//(requires tiddlyspot password)//<<br>>[[control panel|http://" + config.tiddlyspotSiteId + ".tiddlyspot.com/controlpanel]], [[download (go offline)|http://" + config.tiddlyspotSiteId + ".tiddlyspot.com/download]]|",
"| links:|[[tiddlyspot.com|http://tiddlyspot.com/]], [[FAQs|http://faq.tiddlyspot.com/]], [[announcements|http://announce.tiddlyspot.com/]], [[blog|http://tiddlyspot.com/blog/]], email [[support|mailto:support@tiddlyspot.com]] & [[feedback|mailto:feedback@tiddlyspot.com]], [[donate|http://tiddlyspot.com/?page=donate]]|"
].join("\n"),
'TspotSidebar':[
"<<upload http://" + config.tiddlyspotSiteId + ".tiddlyspot.com/store.cgi index.html . . " + config.tiddlyspotSiteId + ">><html><a href='http://" + config.tiddlyspotSiteId + ".tiddlyspot.com/download' class='button'>download</a></html>"
].join("\n"),
'TspotOptions':[
"tiddlyspot password:",
"<<option pasUploadPassword>>",
""
].join("\n")
});
//}}}
<html><a href="http://lifehacker.com/photogallery/lh-top-10%7C-usb-thumb-drive-tricks/">Lifehacker's Top 10 USB Thumb Drive Tricks</a><div class="GalleryPreview"><div id="gallery0.40203923733987346"><div id="AjaxImagePosts" class="gallery-thumb-wrapper"> <ul id="gallery-thumbs-list"><li><a href="http://lifehacker.com/photogallery/LH-Top-10%7C-USB-Thumb-Drive-Tricks/1777919"><img src="http://www.lifehacker.com/assets/images/gallery/17/2007/04/thumb140x140_474579368_692503cff6_o.jpg" alt="1. Boot a separate operating system" title="1. Boot a separate operating system" align="top"> 1. Boot a separate operating system</a></li><li><a href="http://lifehacker.com/photogallery/LH-Top-10%7C-USB-Thumb-Drive-Tricks/1777885"><img src="http://www.lifehacker.com/assets/images/gallery/17/2007/04/thumb140x140_474574740_707a006dce_o.png" alt="2. Encrypt your drive" title="2. Encrypt your drive" align="top"> 2. Encrypt your drive</a></li><li><a href="http://lifehacker.com/photogallery/LH-Top-10%7C-USB-Thumb-Drive-Tricks/1777851"><img src="http://www.lifehacker.com/assets/images/gallery/17/2007/04/thumb140x140_474579575_88aab24380_o.png" alt="3. Make a portable MP3 player" title="3. Make a portable MP3 player" align="top"> 3. Make a portable MP3 player</a></li><li><a href="http://lifehacker.com/photogallery/LH-Top-10%7C-USB-Thumb-Drive-Tricks/1776323"><img src="http://www.lifehacker.com/assets/images/gallery/17/2007/04/thumb140x140_474269861_52d32fb811_o.png" alt="4. Speed up or lock down Vista" title="4. Speed up or lock down Vista" align="top"> 4. Speed up or lock down Vista</a></li><li><a href="http://lifehacker.com/photogallery/LH-Top-10%7C-USB-Thumb-Drive-Tricks/1776255"><img src="http://www.lifehacker.com/assets/images/gallery/17/2007/04/thumb140x140_474207618_33574b9b41_o.png" alt="5. Never forget it" title="5. Never forget it" align="top"> 5. Never forget it</a></li><li><a href="http://lifehacker.com/photogallery/LH-Top-10%7C-USB-Thumb-Drive-Tricks/1776234"><img src="http://www.lifehacker.com/assets/images/gallery/17/2007/04/thumb140x140_474188741_0375457b50_o.png" alt="6. Quick launch your workspace" title="6. Quick launch your workspace" align="top"> 6. Quick launch your workspace</a></li><li><a href="http://lifehacker.com/photogallery/LH-Top-10%7C-USB-Thumb-Drive-Tricks/1776226"><img src="http://www.lifehacker.com/assets/images/gallery/17/2007/04/thumb140x140_474182077_d49a7fb369_o.png" alt="7. Assemble a PC repair kit" title="7. Assemble a PC repair kit" align="top"> 7. Assemble a PC repair kit</a></li><li><a href="http://lifehacker.com/photogallery/LH-Top-10%7C-USB-Thumb-Drive-Tricks/1776205"><img src="http://www.lifehacker.com/assets/images/gallery/17/2007/04/thumb140x140_474175249_405a737f74_o.png" alt="8. Put on the DemocraKey " title="8. Put on the DemocraKey " computer="" condom="" align="top"> 8. Put on the DemocraKey "computer condom"</a></li><li><a href="http://lifehacker.com/photogallery/LH-Top-10%7C-USB-Thumb-Drive-Tricks/1776197"><img src="http://www.lifehacker.com/assets/images/gallery/17/2007/04/thumb140x140_474147250_aa8716af26_o.png" alt="9. Sync your data" title="9. Sync your data" align="top"> 9. Sync your data</a></li><li><a href="http://lifehacker.com/photogallery/LH-Top-10%7C-USB-Thumb-Drive-Tricks/1776163"><img src="http://www.lifehacker.com/assets/images/gallery/17/2007/04/thumb140x140_474141094_f90355339e_o.png" alt="10. Assign custom icons" title="10. Assign custom icons" align="top"> 10. Assign custom icons</a></li></ul></div></div><hr class="clearer"></div><br></html>
Ultimate test for childcare group
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Tim Boreham | February 28, 2008
WHETHER ABC Learning becomes a basket case hinges on two variables: the exact nature of the strings attached to its $1.2 billion in bank debt, and the quality or otherwise of its US assets.
On sentiment alone, ABC head and former milkman Edmund Groves appears to be headed back to the cart after yesterday's revelations of director share sales and unnamed potential acquirers. "Protect your children, the sharks are circling," quipped one broker.
Yesterday ABC disclosed director share sales related to margin calls and said it was talking to unnamed potential acquirers.
The share shenanigans aside, there are still a few ABC watchers who believe the underlying business model is sound and that, in effect, ABC can trade its way out of trouble.
Late on Monday, ABC reported a first-half shocker: net profit down 42 per cent to $37.1 million, partly due to an interest bill that soared from $22 million to $80.6 million.
The EBIT figure, up 10 per cent to $122.7 million, also disappointed. Australian earnings went backwards despite there being more centres, but the real malaise was in the US, where ABC managed EBIT of a mere $13.4 million from its 1000 centres. The issue here is whether ABC will be forced to write down the book value of its US licences when its auditors Ernst and Young audit its full-year accounts.
According to one broker, this isn't necessarily the case, as US returns from the childcare sector should not be equated with the robust margins in Australia, where there's a supply squeeze.
Typically, an Australian centre operates at 95-100 per cent occupancy with a pregnant waiting list, while US occupancies are more like 60-65 per cent. Happily, governments both here and there are wedded to billion-dollar childcare subsidies.
Despite the modest returns, the US sector has attracted the attention of private equity, with Bright Horizons, one of ABC's main rivals, subject to a $1.45 billion cash offer from Bain Capital. The meaty premium on offer implies some support for ABC's arguments that the US vendors did not see the company as an Aussie wood duck happy to overpay.
Coming back to the debt, the covenants are outlined in ABC's $600 million subordinated convertible note issue in May 2007.
"Three main covenants are in place with ABC's bank facility and the company confirmed these covenants are unchanged from those outlined in May 2007," broker Citi said.
ABC appears to be in compliance with two further gearing ratio requirements, which take account of steep rental lease payments, $149 million, incurred in the half. ABC's model is to operate the centres but not own the property (421 Australian ABC centres are owned by the listed Australian Education Trust).
ABC's net assets also had to exceed $2 billion as of December 2007. Groves on Tuesday vehemently denied rumours that the requirement related to ABC's market capitalisation, which ahead of yesterday's trading halt stood at more than $1 billion.
At the December balance date, shareholder funds stood at $2.23 billion, above the minimum needed. "We are well and truly within our covenants," Groves said.
The debt to net asset balance implies a conservative ratio, but there's $3.28 billion of intangible assets in the mix, consisting mainly of goodwill and the value of the operating licences.
Having renegotiated its debt only in December, ABC looks safe on the maturity front and has hedged against rising interest rates, but if the value of the intangibles is diminished ABC's banking syndicate, which includes all four majors, may have an excuse to pull the plug.
Additional reporting: Glenda Korporaal
Source: [[Ultimate test for childcare group : The Australian|http://www.theaustralian.news.com.au/story/0,25197,23287232-643,00.html]]
<html>Dave,<br>
<br>
We've isolated the problem to uploads in SSL mode. So can you please go here:<br>
<div class="Ih2E3d"><br>
<a href="http://ratbagmedia.wikispaces.com/space/filelist" target="_blank">http://ratbagmedia.wikispaces<wbr>.com/space/filelist</a><br>
<br>
</div>instead of<br>
<div class="Ih2E3d"><br>
<a href="https://ratbagmedia.wikispaces.com/space/filelist" target="_blank">https://ratbagmedia.wikispaces<wbr>.com/space/filelist</a><br>
<br>
</div>and try uploading again? <br>
Adam<br><br><table class="BwDhwd"><tbody><tr><td class="zyVlgb XZlFIc"><table class="O5Harb"><tbody><tr><td><div class="xUReW"><span class="lHQn1d KaaYad"><img class="eChx3e QgQaBc" src="https://mail.google.com/mail/images/cleardot.gif"></span><span class="JDpiNd"><img class="Jx04sb QrVm3d" id="upi" name="upi" jid="help@wikispaces.com" src="https://mail.google.com/mail/images/cleardot.gif" height="16" width="16"></span><span email="help@wikispaces.com" class="EP8xU" style="color: rgb(121, 6, 25);">Adam Frey</span> <span class="tQWRdd">to <span email="ratbagradio@gmail.com" class="Zv5tZd">me</span> </span></div></td></tr></tbody></table></td><td class="i8p5Ld"><br></td><td class="i8p5Ld"><div class="JbJ6Ye"><table class="gQ8wIf" id="1fkg"><tbody><tr><td class="cTzXV LtBCcf t9K9Me" idlink=""><img class="eChx3e DC6qBf" src="https://mail.google.com/mail/images/cleardot.gif"></td><td class="cTzXV t9K9Me" idlink=""><div class="SvrlRe">Reply</div></td><td class="t9K9Me"><br></td><td class="wtnCQd tP6gIf t9K9Me"><img class="eChx3e S1nudd" src="https://mail.google.com/mail/images/cleardot.gif"></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table>We are planning to fix our SSL problems. We know what causes it. So once we do that you shouldn't have to worry about it. Thanks for bearing with us.<br></html>
| !date | !user | !location | !storeUrl | !uploadDir | !toFilename | !backupdir | !origin |
| 11/03/2008 23:50:18 | | [[ratbagradio.html|file:///G:/TiddlyWiki/ratbagradio.html]] | [[store.cgi|http://ratbagradio.tiddlyspot.com/store.cgi]] | . | [[index.html | http://ratbagradio.tiddlyspot.com/index.html]] | . |
| 12/03/2008 20:31:05 | | [[ratbagradio.html|file:///G:/TiddlyWiki/ratbagradio.html]] | [[store.cgi|http://ratbagradio.tiddlyspot.com/store.cgi]] | . | [[index.html | http://ratbagradio.tiddlyspot.com/index.html]] | . | ok |
| 13/03/2008 23:39:50 | ratbagradio | [[ratbagradio.html|file:///G:/TiddlyWiki/ratbagradio.html]] | [[store.cgi|http://ratbagradio.tiddlyspot.com/store.cgi]] | . | [[index.html | http://ratbagradio.tiddlyspot.com/index.html]] | . | ok |
| 14/03/2008 00:51:34 | ratbagradio | [[ratbagradio.html|file:///G:/TiddlyWiki/ratbagradio.html]] | [[store.cgi|http://ratbagradio.tiddlyspot.com/store.cgi]] | . | [[index.html | http://ratbagradio.tiddlyspot.com/index.html]] | . |
| 14/03/2008 00:52:40 | ratbagradio | [[ratbagradio.html|file:///G:/TiddlyWiki/ratbagradio.html]] | [[store.cgi|http://ratbagradio.tiddlyspot.com/store.cgi]] | . | [[index.html | http://ratbagradio.tiddlyspot.com/index.html]] | . | ok | ok |
| 21/03/2008 23:23:05 | ratbagradio | [[ratbagradio.html|file:///G:/TiddlyWiki/ratbagradio.html#%5B%5BSA%20PUBLIC%20TRANSPORT%20policy%20NSW%5D%5D]] | [[store.cgi|http://ratbagradio.tiddlyspot.com/store.cgi]] | . | [[index.html | http://ratbagradio.tiddlyspot.com/index.html]] | . | failed |
| 26/03/2008 23:20:10 | ratbagradio | [[ratbagradio.html|file:///G:/TiddlyWiki/ratbagradio.html]] | [[store.cgi|http://ratbagradio.tiddlyspot.com/store.cgi]] | . | [[index.html | http://ratbagradio.tiddlyspot.com/index.html]] | . |
| 26/03/2008 23:20:16 | ratbagradio | [[ratbagradio.html|file:///G:/TiddlyWiki/ratbagradio.html]] | [[store.cgi|http://ratbagradio.tiddlyspot.com/store.cgi]] | . | [[index.html | http://ratbagradio.tiddlyspot.com/index.html]] | . |
| 26/03/2008 23:20:22 | ratbagradio | [[ratbagradio.html|file:///G:/TiddlyWiki/ratbagradio.html]] | [[store.cgi|http://ratbagradio.tiddlyspot.com/store.cgi]] | . | [[index.html | http://ratbagradio.tiddlyspot.com/index.html]] | . |
| 26/03/2008 23:21:49 | ratbagradio | [[ratbagradio.html|file:///G:/TiddlyWiki/ratbagradio.html]] | [[store.cgi|http://ratbagradio.tiddlyspot.com/store.cgi]] | . | [[index.html | http://ratbagradio.tiddlyspot.com/index.html]] | . |
/***
|''Name:''|PasswordOptionPlugin|
|''Description:''|Extends TiddlyWiki options with non encrypted password option.|
|''Version:''|1.0.2|
|''Date:''|Apr 19, 2007|
|''Source:''|http://tiddlywiki.bidix.info/#PasswordOptionPlugin|
|''Author:''|BidiX (BidiX (at) bidix (dot) info)|
|''License:''|[[BSD open source license|http://tiddlywiki.bidix.info/#%5B%5BBSD%20open%20source%20license%5D%5D ]]|
|''~CoreVersion:''|2.2.0 (Beta 5)|
***/
//{{{
version.extensions.PasswordOptionPlugin = {
major: 1, minor: 0, revision: 2,
date: new Date("Apr 19, 2007"),
source: 'http://tiddlywiki.bidix.info/#PasswordOptionPlugin',
author: 'BidiX (BidiX (at) bidix (dot) info',
license: '[[BSD open source license|http://tiddlywiki.bidix.info/#%5B%5BBSD%20open%20source%20license%5D%5D]]',
coreVersion: '2.2.0 (Beta 5)'
};
config.macros.option.passwordCheckboxLabel = "Save this password on this computer";
config.macros.option.passwordInputType = "password"; // password | text
setStylesheet(".pasOptionInput {width: 11em;}\n","passwordInputTypeStyle");
merge(config.macros.option.types, {
'pas': {
elementType: "input",
valueField: "value",
eventName: "onkeyup",
className: "pasOptionInput",
typeValue: config.macros.option.passwordInputType,
create: function(place,type,opt,className,desc) {
// password field
config.macros.option.genericCreate(place,'pas',opt,className,desc);
// checkbox linked with this password "save this password on this computer"
config.macros.option.genericCreate(place,'chk','chk'+opt,className,desc);
// text savePasswordCheckboxLabel
place.appendChild(document.createTextNode(config.macros.option.passwordCheckboxLabel));
},
onChange: config.macros.option.genericOnChange
}
});
merge(config.optionHandlers['chk'], {
get: function(name) {
// is there an option linked with this chk ?
var opt = name.substr(3);
if (config.options[opt])
saveOptionCookie(opt);
return config.options[name] ? "true" : "false";
}
});
merge(config.optionHandlers, {
'pas': {
get: function(name) {
if (config.options["chk"+name]) {
return encodeCookie(config.options[name].toString());
} else {
return "";
}
},
set: function(name,value) {config.options[name] = decodeCookie(value);}
}
});
// need to reload options to load passwordOptions
loadOptionsCookie();
/*
if (!config.options['pasPassword'])
config.options['pasPassword'] = '';
merge(config.optionsDesc,{
pasPassword: "Test password"
});
*/
//}}}
/***
|''Name:''|UploadPlugin|
|''Description:''|Save to web a TiddlyWiki|
|''Version:''|4.1.0|
|''Date:''|May 5, 2007|
|''Source:''|http://tiddlywiki.bidix.info/#UploadPlugin|
|''Documentation:''|http://tiddlywiki.bidix.info/#UploadPluginDoc|
|''Author:''|BidiX (BidiX (at) bidix (dot) info)|
|''License:''|[[BSD open source license|http://tiddlywiki.bidix.info/#%5B%5BBSD%20open%20source%20license%5D%5D ]]|
|''~CoreVersion:''|2.2.0 (#3125)|
|''Requires:''|PasswordOptionPlugin|
***/
//{{{
version.extensions.UploadPlugin = {
major: 4, minor: 1, revision: 0,
date: new Date("May 5, 2007"),
source: 'http://tiddlywiki.bidix.info/#UploadPlugin',
author: 'BidiX (BidiX (at) bidix (dot) info',
coreVersion: '2.2.0 (#3125)'
};
//
// Environment
//
if (!window.bidix) window.bidix = {}; // bidix namespace
bidix.debugMode = false; // true to activate both in Plugin and UploadService
//
// Upload Macro
//
config.macros.upload = {
// default values
defaultBackupDir: '', //no backup
defaultStoreScript: "store.php",
defaultToFilename: "index.html",
defaultUploadDir: ".",
authenticateUser: true // UploadService Authenticate User
};
config.macros.upload.label = {
promptOption: "Save and Upload this TiddlyWiki with UploadOptions",
promptParamMacro: "Save and Upload this TiddlyWiki in %0",
saveLabel: "save to web",
saveToDisk: "save to disk",
uploadLabel: "upload"
};
config.macros.upload.messages = {
noStoreUrl: "No store URL in parmeters or options",
usernameOrPasswordMissing: "Username or password missing"
};
config.macros.upload.handler = function(place,macroName,params) {
if (readOnly)
return;
var label;
if (document.location.toString().substr(0,4) == "http")
label = this.label.saveLabel;
else
label = this.label.uploadLabel;
var prompt;
if (params[0]) {
prompt = this.label.promptParamMacro.toString().format([this.destFile(params[0],
(params[1] ? params[1]:bidix.basename(window.location.toString())), params[3])]);
} else {
prompt = this.label.promptOption;
}
createTiddlyButton(place, label, prompt, function() {config.macros.upload.action(params);}, null, null, this.accessKey);
};
config.macros.upload.action = function(params)
{
// for missing macro parameter set value from options
var storeUrl = params[0] ? params[0] : config.options.txtUploadStoreUrl;
var toFilename = params[1] ? params[1] : config.options.txtUploadFilename;
var backupDir = params[2] ? params[2] : config.options.txtUploadBackupDir;
var uploadDir = params[3] ? params[3] : config.options.txtUploadDir;
var username = params[4] ? params[4] : config.options.txtUploadUserName;
var password = config.options.pasUploadPassword; // for security reason no password as macro parameter
// for still missing parameter set default value
if ((!storeUrl) && (document.location.toString().substr(0,4) == "http"))
storeUrl = bidix.dirname(document.location.toString())+'/'+config.macros.upload.defaultStoreScript;
if (storeUrl.substr(0,4) != "http")
storeUrl = bidix.dirname(document.location.toString()) +'/'+ storeUrl;
if (!toFilename)
toFilename = bidix.basename(window.location.toString());
if (!toFilename)
toFilename = config.macros.upload.defaultToFilename;
if (!uploadDir)
uploadDir = config.macros.upload.defaultUploadDir;
if (!backupDir)
backupDir = config.macros.upload.defaultBackupDir;
// report error if still missing
if (!storeUrl) {
alert(config.macros.upload.messages.noStoreUrl);
clearMessage();
return false;
}
if (config.macros.upload.authenticateUser && (!username || !password)) {
alert(config.macros.upload.messages.usernameOrPasswordMissing);
clearMessage();
return false;
}
bidix.upload.uploadChanges(false,null,storeUrl, toFilename, uploadDir, backupDir, username, password);
return false;
};
config.macros.upload.destFile = function(storeUrl, toFilename, uploadDir)
{
if (!storeUrl)
return null;
var dest = bidix.dirname(storeUrl);
if (uploadDir && uploadDir != '.')
dest = dest + '/' + uploadDir;
dest = dest + '/' + toFilename;
return dest;
};
//
// uploadOptions Macro
//
config.macros.uploadOptions = {
handler: function(place,macroName,params) {
var wizard = new Wizard();
wizard.createWizard(place,this.wizardTitle);
wizard.addStep(this.step1Title,this.step1Html);
var markList = wizard.getElement("markList");
var listWrapper = document.createElement("div");
markList.parentNode.insertBefore(listWrapper,markList);
wizard.setValue("listWrapper",listWrapper);
this.refreshOptions(listWrapper,false);
var uploadCaption;
if (document.location.toString().substr(0,4) == "http")
uploadCaption = config.macros.upload.label.saveLabel;
else
uploadCaption = config.macros.upload.label.uploadLabel;
wizard.setButtons([
{caption: uploadCaption, tooltip: config.macros.upload.label.promptOption,
onClick: config.macros.upload.action},
{caption: this.cancelButton, tooltip: this.cancelButtonPrompt, onClick: this.onCancel}
]);
},
refreshOptions: function(listWrapper) {
var uploadOpts = [
"txtUploadUserName",
"pasUploadPassword",
"txtUploadStoreUrl",
"txtUploadDir",
"txtUploadFilename",
"txtUploadBackupDir",
"chkUploadLog",
"txtUploadLogMaxLine",
]
var opts = [];
for(i=0; i<uploadOpts.length; i++) {
var opt = {};
opts.push()
opt.option = "";
n = uploadOpts[i];
opt.name = n;
opt.lowlight = !config.optionsDesc[n];
opt.description = opt.lowlight ? this.unknownDescription : config.optionsDesc[n];
opts.push(opt);
}
var listview = ListView.create(listWrapper,opts,this.listViewTemplate);
for(n=0; n<opts.length; n++) {
var type = opts[n].name.substr(0,3);
var h = config.macros.option.types[type];
if (h && h.create) {
h.create(opts[n].colElements['option'],type,opts[n].name,opts[n].name,"no");
}
}
},
onCancel: function(e)
{
backstage.switchTab(null);
return false;
},
wizardTitle: "Upload with options",
step1Title: "These options are saved in cookies in your browser",
step1Html: "<input type='hidden' name='markList'></input><br>",
cancelButton: "Cancel",
cancelButtonPrompt: "Cancel prompt",
listViewTemplate: {
columns: [
{name: 'Description', field: 'description', title: "Description", type: 'WikiText'},
{name: 'Option', field: 'option', title: "Option", type: 'String'},
{name: 'Name', field: 'name', title: "Name", type: 'String'}
],
rowClasses: [
{className: 'lowlight', field: 'lowlight'}
]}
}
//
// upload functions
//
if (!bidix.upload) bidix.upload = {};
if (!bidix.upload.messages) bidix.upload.messages = {
//from saving
invalidFileError: "The original file '%0' does not appear to be a valid TiddlyWiki",
backupSaved: "Backup saved",
backupFailed: "Failed to upload backup file",
rssSaved: "RSS feed uploaded",
rssFailed: "Failed to upload RSS feed file",
emptySaved: "Empty template uploaded",
emptyFailed: "Failed to upload empty template file",
mainSaved: "Main TiddlyWiki file uploaded",
mainFailed: "Failed to upload main TiddlyWiki file. Your changes have not been saved",
//specific upload
loadOriginalHttpPostError: "Can't get original file",
aboutToSaveOnHttpPost: 'About to upload on %0 ...',
storePhpNotFound: "The store script '%0' was not found."
};
bidix.upload.uploadChanges = function(onlyIfDirty,tiddlers,storeUrl,toFilename,uploadDir,backupDir,username,password)
{
var callback = function(status,uploadParams,original,url,xhr) {
if (!status) {
displayMessage(bidix.upload.messages.loadOriginalHttpPostError);
return;
}
if (bidix.debugMode)
alert(original.substr(0,500)+"\n...");
// Locate the storeArea div's
var posDiv = locateStoreArea(original);
if((posDiv[0] == -1) || (posDiv[1] == -1)) {
alert(config.messages.invalidFileError.format([localPath]));
return;
}
bidix.upload.uploadRss(uploadParams,original,posDiv);
};
if(onlyIfDirty && !store.isDirty())
return;
clearMessage();
// save on localdisk ?
if (document.location.toString().substr(0,4) == "file") {
var path = document.location.toString();
var localPath = getLocalPath(path);
saveChanges();
}
// get original
var uploadParams = Array(storeUrl,toFilename,uploadDir,backupDir,username,password);
var originalPath = document.location.toString();
// If url is a directory : add index.html
if (originalPath.charAt(originalPath.length-1) == "/")
originalPath = originalPath + "index.html";
var dest = config.macros.upload.destFile(storeUrl,toFilename,uploadDir);
var log = new bidix.UploadLog();
log.startUpload(storeUrl, dest, uploadDir, backupDir);
displayMessage(bidix.upload.messages.aboutToSaveOnHttpPost.format([dest]));
if (bidix.debugMode)
alert("about to execute Http - GET on "+originalPath);
var r = doHttp("GET",originalPath,null,null,null,null,callback,uploadParams,null);
if (typeof r == "string")
displayMessage(r);
return r;
};
bidix.upload.uploadRss = function(uploadParams,original,posDiv)
{
var callback = function(status,params,responseText,url,xhr) {
if(status) {
var destfile = responseText.substring(responseText.indexOf("destfile:")+9,responseText.indexOf("\n", responseText.indexOf("destfile:")));
displayMessage(bidix.upload.messages.rssSaved,bidix.dirname(url)+'/'+destfile);
bidix.upload.uploadMain(params[0],params[1],params[2]);
} else {
displayMessage(bidix.upload.messages.rssFailed);
}
};
// do uploadRss
if(config.options.chkGenerateAnRssFeed) {
var rssPath = uploadParams[1].substr(0,uploadParams[1].lastIndexOf(".")) + ".xml";
var rssUploadParams = Array(uploadParams[0],rssPath,uploadParams[2],'',uploadParams[4],uploadParams[5]);
bidix.upload.httpUpload(rssUploadParams,convertUnicodeToUTF8(generateRss()),callback,Array(uploadParams,original,posDiv));
} else {
bidix.upload.uploadMain(uploadParams,original,posDiv);
}
};
bidix.upload.uploadMain = function(uploadParams,original,posDiv)
{
var callback = function(status,params,responseText,url,xhr) {
var log = new bidix.UploadLog();
if(status) {
// if backupDir specified
if ((params[3]) && (responseText.indexOf("backupfile:") > -1)) {
var backupfile = responseText.substring(responseText.indexOf("backupfile:")+11,responseText.indexOf("\n", responseText.indexOf("backupfile:")));
displayMessage(bidix.upload.messages.backupSaved,bidix.dirname(url)+'/'+backupfile);
}
var destfile = responseText.substring(responseText.indexOf("destfile:")+9,responseText.indexOf("\n", responseText.indexOf("destfile:")));
displayMessage(bidix.upload.messages.mainSaved,bidix.dirname(url)+'/'+destfile);
store.setDirty(false);
log.endUpload("ok");
} else {
alert(bidix.upload.messages.mainFailed);
displayMessage(bidix.upload.messages.mainFailed);
log.endUpload("failed");
}
};
// do uploadMain
var revised = bidix.upload.updateOriginal(original,posDiv);
bidix.upload.httpUpload(uploadParams,revised,callback,uploadParams);
};
bidix.upload.httpUpload = function(uploadParams,data,callback,params)
{
var localCallback = function(status,params,responseText,url,xhr) {
url = (url.indexOf("nocache=") < 0 ? url : url.substring(0,url.indexOf("nocache=")-1));
if (xhr.status == httpStatus.NotFound)
alert(bidix.upload.messages.storePhpNotFound.format([url]));
if ((bidix.debugMode) || (responseText.indexOf("Debug mode") >= 0 )) {
alert(responseText);
if (responseText.indexOf("Debug mode") >= 0 )
responseText = responseText.substring(responseText.indexOf("\n\n")+2);
} else if (responseText.charAt(0) != '0')
alert(responseText);
if (responseText.charAt(0) != '0')
status = null;
callback(status,params,responseText,url,xhr);
};
// do httpUpload
var boundary = "---------------------------"+"AaB03x";
var uploadFormName = "UploadPlugin";
// compose headers data
var sheader = "";
sheader += "--" + boundary + "\r\nContent-disposition: form-data; name=\"";
sheader += uploadFormName +"\"\r\n\r\n";
sheader += "backupDir="+uploadParams[3] +
";user=" + uploadParams[4] +
";password=" + uploadParams[5] +
";uploaddir=" + uploadParams[2];
if (bidix.debugMode)
sheader += ";debug=1";
sheader += ";;\r\n";
sheader += "\r\n" + "--" + boundary + "\r\n";
sheader += "Content-disposition: form-data; name=\"userfile\"; filename=\""+uploadParams[1]+"\"\r\n";
sheader += "Content-Type: text/html;charset=UTF-8" + "\r\n";
sheader += "Content-Length: " + data.length + "\r\n\r\n";
// compose trailer data
var strailer = new String();
strailer = "\r\n--" + boundary + "--\r\n";
data = sheader + data + strailer;
if (bidix.debugMode) alert("about to execute Http - POST on "+uploadParams[0]+"\n with \n"+data.substr(0,500)+ " ... ");
var r = doHttp("POST",uploadParams[0],data,"multipart/form-data; boundary="+boundary,uploadParams[4],uploadParams[5],localCallback,params,null);
if (typeof r == "string")
displayMessage(r);
return r;
};
// same as Saving's updateOriginal but without convertUnicodeToUTF8 calls
bidix.upload.updateOriginal = function(original, posDiv)
{
if (!posDiv)
posDiv = locateStoreArea(original);
if((posDiv[0] == -1) || (posDiv[1] == -1)) {
alert(config.messages.invalidFileError.format([localPath]));
return;
}
var revised = original.substr(0,posDiv[0] + startSaveArea.length) + "\n" +
store.allTiddlersAsHtml() + "\n" +
original.substr(posDiv[1]);
var newSiteTitle = getPageTitle().htmlEncode();
revised = revised.replaceChunk("<title"+">","</title"+">"," " + newSiteTitle + " ");
revised = updateMarkupBlock(revised,"PRE-HEAD","MarkupPreHead");
revised = updateMarkupBlock(revised,"POST-HEAD","MarkupPostHead");
revised = updateMarkupBlock(revised,"PRE-BODY","MarkupPreBody");
revised = updateMarkupBlock(revised,"POST-SCRIPT","MarkupPostBody");
return revised;
};
//
// UploadLog
//
// config.options.chkUploadLog :
// false : no logging
// true : logging
// config.options.txtUploadLogMaxLine :
// -1 : no limit
// 0 : no Log lines but UploadLog is still in place
// n : the last n lines are only kept
// NaN : no limit (-1)
bidix.UploadLog = function() {
if (!config.options.chkUploadLog)
return; // this.tiddler = null
this.tiddler = store.getTiddler("UploadLog");
if (!this.tiddler) {
this.tiddler = new Tiddler();
this.tiddler.title = "UploadLog";
this.tiddler.text = "| !date | !user | !location | !storeUrl | !uploadDir | !toFilename | !backupdir | !origin |";
this.tiddler.created = new Date();
this.tiddler.modifier = config.options.txtUserName;
this.tiddler.modified = new Date();
store.addTiddler(this.tiddler);
}
return this;
};
bidix.UploadLog.prototype.addText = function(text) {
if (!this.tiddler)
return;
// retrieve maxLine when we need it
var maxLine = parseInt(config.options.txtUploadLogMaxLine,10);
if (isNaN(maxLine))
maxLine = -1;
// add text
if (maxLine != 0)
this.tiddler.text = this.tiddler.text + text;
// Trunck to maxLine
if (maxLine >= 0) {
var textArray = this.tiddler.text.split('\n');
if (textArray.length > maxLine + 1)
textArray.splice(1,textArray.length-1-maxLine);
this.tiddler.text = textArray.join('\n');
}
// update tiddler fields
this.tiddler.modifier = config.options.txtUserName;
this.tiddler.modified = new Date();
store.addTiddler(this.tiddler);
// refresh and notifiy for immediate update
story.refreshTiddler(this.tiddler.title);
store.notify(this.tiddler.title, true);
};
bidix.UploadLog.prototype.startUpload = function(storeUrl, toFilename, uploadDir, backupDir) {
if (!this.tiddler)
return;
var now = new Date();
var text = "\n| ";
var filename = bidix.basename(document.location.toString());
if (!filename) filename = '/';
text += now.formatString("0DD/0MM/YYYY 0hh:0mm:0ss") +" | ";
text += config.options.txtUserName + " | ";
text += "[["+filename+"|"+location + "]] |";
text += " [[" + bidix.basename(storeUrl) + "|" + storeUrl + "]] | ";
text += uploadDir + " | ";
text += "[[" + bidix.basename(toFilename) + " | " +toFilename + "]] | ";
text += backupDir + " |";
this.addText(text);
};
bidix.UploadLog.prototype.endUpload = function(status) {
if (!this.tiddler)
return;
this.addText(" "+status+" |");
};
//
// Utilities
//
bidix.checkPlugin = function(plugin, major, minor, revision) {
var ext = version.extensions[plugin];
if (!
(ext &&
((ext.major > major) ||
((ext.major == major) && (ext.minor > minor)) ||
((ext.major == major) && (ext.minor == minor) && (ext.revision >= revision))))) {
// write error in PluginManager
if (pluginInfo)
pluginInfo.log.push("Requires " + plugin + " " + major + "." + minor + "." + revision);
eval(plugin); // generate an error : "Error: ReferenceError: xxxx is not defined"
}
};
bidix.dirname = function(filePath) {
if (!filePath)
return;
var lastpos;
if ((lastpos = filePath.lastIndexOf("/")) != -1) {
return filePath.substring(0, lastpos);
} else {
return filePath.substring(0, filePath.lastIndexOf("\\"));
}
};
bidix.basename = function(filePath) {
if (!filePath)
return;
var lastpos;
if ((lastpos = filePath.lastIndexOf("#")) != -1)
filePath = filePath.substring(0, lastpos);
if ((lastpos = filePath.lastIndexOf("/")) != -1) {
return filePath.substring(lastpos + 1);
} else
return filePath.substring(filePath.lastIndexOf("\\")+1);
};
bidix.initOption = function(name,value) {
if (!config.options[name])
config.options[name] = value;
};
//
// Initializations
//
// require PasswordOptionPlugin 1.0.1 or better
bidix.checkPlugin("PasswordOptionPlugin", 1, 0, 1);
// styleSheet
setStylesheet('.txtUploadStoreUrl, .txtUploadBackupDir, .txtUploadDir {width: 22em;}',"uploadPluginStyles");
//optionsDesc
merge(config.optionsDesc,{
txtUploadStoreUrl: "Url of the UploadService script (default: store.php)",
txtUploadFilename: "Filename of the uploaded file (default: in index.html)",
txtUploadDir: "Relative Directory where to store the file (default: . (downloadService directory))",
txtUploadBackupDir: "Relative Directory where to backup the file. If empty no backup. (default: ''(empty))",
txtUploadUserName: "Upload Username",
pasUploadPassword: "Upload Password",
chkUploadLog: "do Logging in UploadLog (default: true)",
txtUploadLogMaxLine: "Maximum of lines in UploadLog (default: 10)"
});
// Options Initializations
bidix.initOption('txtUploadStoreUrl','');
bidix.initOption('txtUploadFilename','');
bidix.initOption('txtUploadDir','');
bidix.initOption('txtUploadBackupDir','');
bidix.initOption('txtUploadUserName','');
bidix.initOption('pasUploadPassword','');
bidix.initOption('chkUploadLog',true);
bidix.initOption('txtUploadLogMaxLine','10');
/* don't want this for tiddlyspot sites
// Backstage
merge(config.tasks,{
uploadOptions: {text: "upload", tooltip: "Change UploadOptions and Upload", content: '<<uploadOptions>>'}
});
config.backstageTasks.push("uploadOptions");
*/
//}}}
<html><ul><li><a href="http://www.flickr.com/groups/hub_gear_roadsters/pool/show/" target="_new">LADIES & GENTS HUB GEARED VINTAGE ROADSTERS</a></li><li><a href="http://www.flickr.com/groups/524147@N23/pool/show/" target="_new">WORKING BICYCLES & TRIKES </a></li><li><a target="_blank" href="http://www.flickr.com/search/show/with/338611633/?page=4&q=sturmey+archer&ss=2&ct=6">STURMEY ARCHER</a>
</li><li><a target="_blank" href="http://www.flickr.com/groups/555151@N21/pool/show/">VINTAGE BIKES PRE 1939</a></li><li><a target="_blank" href="http://www.flickr.com/groups/xtracycle/pool/show/">XRTACYCLE</a></li><li><a target="_blank" href="http://www.flickr.com/groups/xtracycle/pool/show/">SINGLE SPEED</a>
</li></ul></html>
<html><p style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: verdana; text-align: center;"><i><font size="4"><a href="http://urbanbicycles.googlepages.com/utilitycyclingis">What is 'utility' cycling?</a></font></i></p><p style="text-align: center; clear: both;" class="separator"><a style="border: 0pt none ; background-color: transparent; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;" href="http://urbanbicycles.googlepages.com/Copenhagencycletrack.jpg/Copenhagencycletrack-full;init:.jpg" imageanchor="1"><img src="http://urbanbicycles.googlepages.com/Copenhagencycletrack.jpg/Copenhagencycletrack-large.jpg" style="border: 0pt none ;" height="317" width="420"></a></p><p style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: verdana; text-align: center;"><i><font size="4"> Utility cycling is not 'recreation' and it is not 'sport': It is <b>transport</b>. </font></i></p><p style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: verdana; text-align: left;"><font size="2"><i>Have a look at <a href="http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=-5092322980326147472%20">this video</a> to see what 'utility' cycling is in cities like Copenhagen where 35% of the traffic is bicycles (vs 2% in N.Z)</i></font></p><p style="text-align: center;"><b><i><font size="4">Note that wherever utility cycling is prevalent:</font></i></b></p><p style="text-align: left;"><i><font size="4">-it
is not limited to a narrow demographic range by the unavailability of
appropriate technologies, by overly restrictive laws, or by the
perception that riding a bicycle is dangerous.<br></font></i></p><p><a style="border-width: 0px; background-color: transparent; clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; float: right; margin-left: 1em;" href="http://urbanbicycles.googlepages.com/utrecht_biking.jpg/utrecht_biking-full;init:.jpg" imageanchor="1"><img style="border-width: 0px;" tabindex="0" src="http://urbanbicycles.googlepages.com/utrecht_biking.jpg/utrecht_biking-large.jpg" hashcode="" closure="" height="264" width="420"></a><i><font size="4">-the styles of bikes : Mountain Bikes and Road Racers (to which New Zealanders are limited) are rarely seen,-while </font><font size="4">in New Zealand</font><font size="4"> the bicycles and associated technologies that are appropriate for urban utility cycling are virtually unobtainable.</font></i></p><p><i><font size="4"> </font></i></p><p><i><font size="4">-the wearing of <a href="http://urbanbicycles.googlepages.com/helmets">helmets</a> is neither compulsory nor widely practised.</font></i></p><p style="text-align: center; clear: both;" class="separator"><a style="border: 0pt none ; background-color: transparent; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;" href="http://urbanbicycles.googlepages.com/berlincyclists.jpg/berlincyclists-full;init:.jpg" imageanchor="1"><img src="http://urbanbicycles.googlepages.com/berlincyclists.jpg/berlincyclists-large.jpg" style="border: 0pt none ;" height="243" width="420"></a></p><p><i><font size="4"> -cyclists often enjoy actual ( as opposed to 'asserted') separation from motorised traffic and in some countries (i.e.<a href="http://urbanbicycles.googlepages.com/japan">Japan</a>) prefer to and are encouraged to share pavements with pedestrians.</font></i></p><p class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><i><a style="border-width: 0pt; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; background-color: transparent;" href="http://urbanbicycles.googlepages.com/jbikesmall.jpg/jbikesmall-full;init:.jpg" imageanchor="1"><img style="border-width: 0pt;" tabindex="0" src="http://urbanbicycles.googlepages.com/jbikesmall.jpg/jbikesmall-large.jpg" height="315" width="420"></a></i></p><p style="text-align: center;"><i><font size="4"> A typical covered shopping street in Japan.</font></i></p><p style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: verdana; text-align: center;"><font size="2">--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------</font><b><font size="4"> </font></b></p><p style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: verdana; text-align: center;"><b><font size="4">Sustainable Transport in New Zealand. </font></b></p>
<p style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: verdana; text-align: center;"><b><font size="4">The missing link: </font></b></p><p style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: verdana; text-align: center;"><b><font size="4"> European-style urban appropriate utility bicycles.</font></b></p>
<div class="wrapper" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: verdana; text-align: center;"><i><font size="4"> </font></i><font size="2">A fine example of state of the art utility cycling technology<b><i>.</i></b></font><b><i><font size="4"><font size="2"> </font>
</font></i></b></div><div class="wrapper" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: verdana; text-align: center;"><b><i><font size="4"><br></font></i></b><p class="" style="clear: both; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: verdana; text-align: center;"><i><a style="border-width: 0pt; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; background-color: transparent;" href="http://urbanbicycles.googlepages.com/WheelerNuvinci.jpg/WheelerNuvinci-full;init:.jpg" imageanchor="1"><img style="border-width: 0pt;" tabindex="0" src="http://urbanbicycles.googlepages.com/WheelerNuvinci.jpg/WheelerNuvinci-large.jpg" height="252" width="420"></a></i></p><p style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: verdana; text-align: center;"><font size="2"><a href="http://www.wheelerworldwide.com/urban_m.htm">'<b>Server 3.6' by Wheeler</b></a> (made in Taiwan) fitted with <a href="http://www.fallbrooktech.com/NuVinci.asp">Nuvinci</a> Continuously Variable Planetary internal hub gearing, twist-grip gear shifter,aluminium frame,roller brakes, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%27Lumotec_Oval">Busch-Muller</a> (front and back) halogen lights powered by an <a href="http://urbanbicycles.googlepages.com/lightingtechnologies">internal hub dynamo</a>
(in the front wheel)which
are automatically activated by a light sensor with a built-in capacitor
to keep them going while 'standing' at the lights, mud-guards for
riding in the rain , chain-guards for riding in work clothes,
reflective tyre rims for riding at night and a bell to let people know
you're coming. Also available with a step-through frame for ladies. If
you know where these are available in New Zealand, please let us know (
e-mail address below) </font></p></div><div class="wrapper" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: verdana; text-align: center;"><i><font size="4"> </font></i></div><p style="text-align: center; clear: both;" class="separator"><img src="http://urbanbicycles.googlepages.com/bikegeminigofaV2.0.jpg/bikegeminigofaV2.0-medium;init:.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"></p><div class="wrapper" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: verdana; text-align: left;"><font size="2"><a href="http://www.gofabike.com/">Gofa V2.0 from Gemini Bicycles</a> is a great example of urban appropriate utility cycling technology which will be available in New Zealand from March 2008. <br></font></div><div class="wrapper" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: verdana; text-align: left;"><font size="2"> </font></div><div class="wrapper" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: verdana; text-align: center;"><font size="2">------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- </font></div><div class="wrapper" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: verdana; text-align: center;"><font size="2"> </font></div><div class="wrapper" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: verdana; text-align: center;"><font size="2"><a href="http://urbanbicycles.googlepages.com/foldingbicycles">Folding bicycles</a></font><font size="2"> enable 'inter-modal' transport as they can be used in conjunction with public transport or drive>park> ride situations.</font><font size="2"> </font></div><div class="wrapper" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: verdana; text-align: center;"><font size="2"><br></font></div><p style="text-align: center; clear: both;" class="separator"><a style="border: 0pt none ; background-color: transparent; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;" href="http://urbanbicycles.googlepages.com/ReikerFolding.jpg/ReikerFolding-full;init:.jpg" imageanchor="1"><img src="http://urbanbicycles.googlepages.com/ReikerFolding.jpg/ReikerFolding-large.jpg" style="border: 0pt none ;" height="263" width="420"></a></p><p style="text-align: center;"><font size="2"><a href="http://www.reikercycles.co.nz/bikes/683">Euro Folding Bike</a> </font><font size="2">3-speed internal hub <a href="http://urbanbicycles.googlepages.com/foldingbicycles">folding bicycle </a>from <a href="http://www.reikercycles.co.nz/bikes/683">Reiker Cycles</a> in Washdyke, Timaru ( N.Z) </font></p><p style="text-align: center;"><font size="2"> ( twist grip gear change,mud guards, chain guard, Lights, Carrier, Pump) <br></font></p><p style="text-align: center;"><font size="2">-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------</font></p><p style="text-align: center;"><i><font size="4"><a href="http://urbanbicycles.googlepages.com/utilitybicycles">Utility-style bicycles</a> and their associated <a href="http://urbanbicycles.googlepages.com/technologies">technologies</a> and the <a href="http://urbanbicycles.googlepages.com/resources">practices and policies</a>
that have enabled the uptake of utility cycling in European Cycletopias
will also enable New Zealanders to make the change away from our dependence on our
car(bon burner)s.</font></i><font size="2"> </font></p><p style="text-align: center;"><i><font size="4">Making utility cycling practical, practicable and
preferable to the broadest possible demographic range will help to
build the numbers needed to ensure real political support for the
establishment of a cycling-friendly environment.</font></i></p><p style="text-align: center;"><i><font size="4">An interesting essay on <a href="http://urbanbicycles.googlepages.com/alternative">an alternative approach</a> on making cycling accessible to us 'ordinary' folks.</font></i><i><font size="4"> <br></font></i></p><font size="2">--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------</font></html>
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<h1>WITBD</h1>
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<p><img style="width: 120px; height: 177px;" src="http://www.marxists.org/glossary/people/b/pics/benjamin.jpg" alt="benjamin" align="left" border="1" hspace="20" vspace="20"></p>
<p class="title"><a href="http://www.marxists.org/reference/subject/philosophy/works/ge/benjamin.htm">WEB SOURCE:Walter Benjamin (1936)</a></p>
<hr class="end">
<p class="information">
<span class="info">Source:</span> <a href="http://pixels.filmtv.ucla.edu/gallery/web/julian_scaff/benjamin/">UCLA School of Theater, Film and Television</a>;<br>
<span class="info">Transcribed:</span> by <a href="http://www.marxists.org/admin/volunteers/biographies/ablunden.htm">Andy Blunden</a> 1998; proofed and corrected Feb. 2005.</p>
<hr class="end">
<p class="quoteb"> “Our fine arts were developed, their types and uses
were established, in times very different from the present, by men
whose power of action upon things was insignificant in comparison with
ours. But the amazing growth of our techniques, the adaptability and
precision they have attained, the ideas and habits they are creating,
make it a certainty that profound changes are impending in the ancient
craft of the Beautiful. In all the arts there is a physical component
which can no longer be considered or treated as it used to be, which
cannot remain unaffected by our modern knowledge and power. For the
last twenty years neither matter nor space nor time has been what it
was from time immemorial. We must expect great innovations to transform
the entire technique of the arts, thereby affecting artistic invention
itself and perhaps even bringing about an amazing change in our very
notion of art.”<br>
Paul Valéry, Pièces sur L’Art, 1931<br>
Le Conquete de l’ubiquite</p>
<h1>Preface</h1>
<p class="fst">
When Marx undertook his critique of the capitalistic mode of
production, this mode was in its infancy. Marx directed his efforts in
such a way as to give them prognostic value. He went back to the basic
conditions underlying capitalistic production and through his
presentation showed what could be expected of capitalism in the future.
The result was that one could expect it not only to exploit the
proletariat with increasing intensity, but ultimately to create
conditions which would make it possible to abolish capitalism itself.</p>
<p>
The transformation of the superstructure, which takes place far more
slowly than that of the substructure, has taken more than half a
century to manifest in all areas of culture the change in the
conditions of production. Only today can it be indicated what form this
has taken. Certain prognostic requirements should be met by these
statements. However, theses about the art of the proletariat after its
assumption of power or about the art of a classless society would have
less bearing on these demands than theses about the developmental
tendencies of art under present conditions of production. Their
dialectic is no less noticeable in the superstructure than in the
economy. It would therefore be wrong to underestimate the value of such
theses as a weapon. They brush aside a number of outmoded concepts,
such as creativity and genius, eternal value and mystery – concepts
whose uncontrolled (and at present almost uncontrollable) application
would lead to a processing of data in the Fascist sense. The concepts
which are introduced into the theory of art in what follows differ from
the more familiar terms in that they are completely useless for the
purposes of Fascism. They are, on the other hand, useful for the
formulation of revolutionary demands in the politics of art.</p>
<h1>I</h1>
<p class="fst">
In principle a work of art has always been reproducible. Man-made
artifacts could always be imitated by men. Replicas were made by pupils
in practice of their craft, by masters for diffusing their works, and,
finally, by third parties in the pursuit of gain. Mechanical
reproduction of a work of art, however, represents something new.
Historically, it advanced intermittently and in leaps at long
intervals, but with accelerated intensity. The Greeks knew only two
procedures of technically reproducing works of art: founding and
stamping. Bronzes, terra cottas, and coins were the only art works
which they could produce in quantity. All others were unique and could
not be mechanically reproduced. With the woodcut graphic art became
mechanically reproducible for the first time, long before script became
reproducible by print. The enormous changes which printing, the
mechanical reproduction of writing, has brought about in literature are
a familiar story. However, within the phenomenon which we are here
examining from the perspective of world history, print is merely a
special, though particularly important, case. During the Middle Ages
engraving and etching were added to the woodcut; at the beginning of
the nineteenth century lithography made its appearance.
With lithography the technique of reproduction reached an essentially
new stage. This much more direct process was distinguished by the
tracing of the design on a stone rather than its incision on a block of
wood or its etching on a copperplate and permitted graphic art for the
first time to put its products on the market, not only in large numbers
as hitherto, but also in daily changing forms. Lithography enabled
graphic art to illustrate everyday life, and it began to keep pace with
printing. But only a few decades after its invention, lithography was
surpassed by photography. For the first time in the process of
pictorial reproduction, photography freed the hand of the most
important artistic functions which henceforth devolved only upon the
eye looking into a lens. Since the eye perceives more swiftly than the
hand can draw, the process of pictorial reproduction was accelerated so
enormously that it could keep pace with speech. A film operator
shooting a scene in the studio captures the images at the speed of an
actor’s speech. Just as lithography virtually implied the illustrated
newspaper, so did photography foreshadow the sound film. The technical
reproduction of sound was tackled at the end of the last century. These
convergent endeavors made predictable a situation which Paul Valery
pointed up in this sentence:</p>
<p class="quoteb">
“Just as water, gas, and electricity are brought into our houses from
far off to satisfy our needs in response to a minimal effort, so we
shall be supplied with visual or auditory images, which will appear and
disappear at a simple movement of the hand, hardly more than a sign.” </p>
<p class="fst">
Around 1900 technical reproduction had reached a standard that not only
permitted it to reproduce all transmitted works of art and thus to
cause the most profound change in their impact upon the public; it also
had captured a place of its own among the artistic processes. For the
study of this standard nothing is more revealing than the nature of the
repercussions that these two different manifestations – the
reproduction of works of art and the art of the film – have had on art
in its traditional form.</p>
<h1>
II</h1>
<p class="fst">
Even the most perfect reproduction of a work of art is lacking in one
element: its presence in time and space, its unique existence at the
place where it happens to be. This unique existence of the work of art
determined the history to which it was subject throughout the time of
its existence. This includes the changes which it may have suffered in
physical condition over the years as well as the various changes in its
ownership. The traces of the first can be revealed only by chemical or
physical analyses which it is impossible to perform on a reproduction;
changes of ownership are subject to a tradition which must be traced
from the situation of the original.</p>
<p>
The presence of the original is the prerequisite to the concept of
authenticity. Chemical analyses of the patina of a bronze can help to
establish this, as does the proof that a given manuscript of the Middle
Ages stems from an archive of the fifteenth century. The whole sphere
of authenticity is outside technical – and, of course, not only
technical – reproducibility. Confronted with its manual reproduction,
which was usually branded as a forgery, the original preserved all its
authority; not so vis-à-vis technical reproduction. The reason is
twofold. First, process reproduction is more independent of the
original than manual reproduction. For example, in photography, process
reproduction can bring out those aspects of the original that are
unattainable to the naked eye yet accessible to the lens, which is
adjustable and chooses its angle at will. And photographic
reproduction, with the aid of certain processes, such as enlargement or
slow motion, can capture images which escape natural vision. Secondly,
technical reproduction can put the copy of the original into situations
which would be out of reach for the original itself. Above all, it
enables the original to meet the beholder halfway, be it in the form of
a photograph or a phonograph record. The cathedral leaves its locale to
be received in the studio of a lover of art; the choral production,
performed in an auditorium or in the open air, resounds in the drawing
room.</p>
<p>
The situations into which the product of mechanical reproduction can be
brought may not touch the actual work of art, yet the quality of its
presence is always depreciated. This holds not only for the art work
but also, for instance, for a landscape which passes in review before
the spectator in a movie. In the case of the art object, a most
sensitive nucleus – namely, its authenticity – is interfered with
whereas no natural object is vulnerable on that score. The authenticity
of a thing is the essence of all that is transmissible from its
beginning, ranging from its substantive duration to its testimony to
the history which it has experienced. Since the historical testimony
rests on the authenticity, the former, too, is jeopardized by
reproduction when substantive duration ceases to matter. And what is
really jeopardized when the historical testimony is affected is the
authority of the object. </p>
<p>
One might subsume the eliminated element in the term “aura” and go on
to say: that which withers in the age of mechanical reproduction is the
aura of the work of art. This is a symptomatic process whose
significance points beyond the realm of art. One might generalize by
saying: the technique of reproduction detaches the reproduced object
from the domain of tradition. By making many reproductions it
substitutes a plurality of copies for a unique existence. And in
permitting the reproduction to meet the beholder or listener in his own
particular situation, it reactivates the object reproduced. These two
processes lead to a tremendous shattering of tradition which is the
obverse of the contemporary crisis and renewal of mankind. Both
processes are intimately connected with the contemporary mass
movements. Their most powerful agent is the film. Its social
significance, particularly in its most positive form, is inconceivable
without its destructive, cathartic aspect, that is, the liquidation of
the traditional value of the cultural heritage. This phenomenon is most
palpable in the great historical films. It extends to ever new
positions. In 1927 Abel Gance exclaimed enthusiastically:</p>
<p class="quoteb">
“Shakespeare, Rembrandt, Beethoven will make films... all legends, all
mythologies and all myths, all founders of religion, and the very
religions... await their exposed resurrection, and the heroes crowd
each other at the gate.”</p>
<p>
Presumably without intending it, he issued an invitation to a far-reaching liquidation.</p>
<h1>III</h1>
<p class="fst">
During long periods of history, the mode of human sense perception
changes with humanity’s entire mode of existence. The manner in which
human sense perception is organized, the medium in which it is
accomplished, is determined not only by nature but by historical
circumstances as well. The fifth century, with its great shifts of
population, saw the birth of the late Roman art industry and the Vienna
Genesis, and there developed not only an art different from that of
antiquity but also a new kind of perception. The scholars of the
Viennese school, Riegl and Wickhoff, who resisted the weight of
classical tradition under which these later art forms had been buried,
were the first to draw conclusions from them concerning the
organization of perception at the time. However far-reaching their
insight, these scholars limited themselves to showing the significant,
formal hallmark which characterized perception in late Roman times.
They did not attempt – and, perhaps, saw no way – to show the social
transformations expressed by these changes of perception. The
conditions for an analogous insight are more favorable in the present.
And if changes in the medium of contemporary perception can be
comprehended as decay of the aura, it is possible to show its social
causes.</p>
<p class="fst">
The concept of aura which was proposed above with reference to
historical objects may usefully be illustrated with reference to the
aura of natural ones. We define the aura of the latter as the unique
phenomenon of a distance, however close it may be. If, while resting on
a summer afternoon, you follow with your eyes a mountain range on the
horizon or a branch which casts its shadow over you, you experience the
aura of those mountains, of that branch. This image makes it easy to
comprehend the social bases of the contemporary decay of the aura. It
rests on two circumstances, both of which are related to the increasing
significance of the masses in contemporary life. Namely, the desire of
contemporary masses to bring things “closer” spatially and humanly,
which is just as ardent as their bent toward overcoming the uniqueness
of every reality by accepting its reproduction. Every day the urge
grows stronger to get hold of an object at very close range by way of
its likeness, its reproduction. Unmistakably, reproduction as offered
by picture magazines and newsreels differs from the image seen by the
unarmed eye. Uniqueness and permanence are as closely linked in the
latter as are transitoriness and reproducibility in the former. To pry
an object from its shell, to destroy its aura, is the mark of a
perception whose “sense of the universal equality of things” has
increased to such a degree that it extracts it even from a unique
object by means of reproduction. Thus is manifested in the field of
perception what in the theoretical sphere is noticeable in the
increasing importance of statistics. The adjustment of reality to the
masses and of the masses to reality is a process of unlimited scope, as
much for thinking as for perception.</p>
<h1>IV</h1>
<p class="fst">
The uniqueness of a work of art is inseparable from its being imbedded
in the fabric of tradition. This tradition itself is thoroughly alive
and extremely changeable. An ancient statue of Venus, for example,
stood in a different traditional context with the Greeks, who made it
an object of veneration, than with the clerics of the Middle Ages, who
viewed it as an ominous idol. Both of them, however, were equally
confronted with its uniqueness, that is, its aura. Originally the
contextual integration of art in tradition found its expression in the
cult. We know that the earliest art works originated in the service of
a ritual – first the magical, then the religious kind. It is
significant that the existence of the work of art with reference to its
aura is never entirely separated from its ritual function. In other
words, the unique value of the “authentic” work of art has its basis in
ritual, the location of its original use value. This ritualistic basis,
however remote, is still recognizable as secularized ritual even in the
most profane forms of the cult of beauty. The secular cult of beauty,
developed during the Renaissance and prevailing for three centuries,
clearly showed that ritualistic basis in its decline and the first deep
crisis which befell it. With the advent of the first truly
revolutionary means of reproduction, photography, simultaneously with
the rise of socialism, art sensed the approaching crisis which has
become evident a century later. At the time, art reacted with the
doctrine of <em>l’art pour l’art</em>,
that is, with a theology of art. This gave rise to what might be called
a negative theology in the form of the idea of “pure” art, which not
only denied any social function of art but also any categorizing by
subject matter. (In poetry, Mallarme was the first to take this
position.)</p>
<p class="fst">
An analysis of art in the age of mechanical reproduction must do
justice to these relationships, for they lead us to an all-important
insight: for the first time in world history, mechanical reproduction
emancipates the work of art from its parasitical dependence on ritual.
To an ever greater degree the work of art reproduced becomes the work
of art designed for reproducibility. From a photographic negative, for
example, one can make any number of prints; to ask for the “authentic”
print makes no sense. But the instant the criterion of authenticity
ceases to be applicable to artistic production, the total function of
art is reversed. Instead of being based on ritual, it begins to be
based on another practice – politics.</p>
<h1>V</h1>
<p class="fst">
Works of art are received and valued on different planes. Two polar
types stand out; with one, the accent is on the cult value; with the
other, on the exhibition value of the work. Artistic production begins
with ceremonial objects destined to serve in a cult. One may assume
that what mattered was their existence, not their being on view. The
elk portrayed by the man of the Stone Age on the walls of his cave was
an instrument of magic. He did expose it to his fellow men, but in the
main it was meant for the spirits. Today the cult value would seem to
demand that the work of art remain hidden. Certain statues of gods are
accessible only to the priest in the cella; certain Madonnas remain
covered nearly all year round; certain sculptures on medieval
cathedrals are invisible to the spectator on ground level. With the
emancipation of the various art practices from ritual go increasing
opportunities for the exhibition of their products. It is easier to
exhibit a portrait bust that can be sent here and there than to exhibit
the statue of a divinity that has its fixed place in the interior of a
temple. The same holds for the painting as against the mosaic or fresco
that preceded it. And even though the public presentability of a mass
originally may have been just as great as that of a symphony, the
latter originated at the moment when its public presentability promised
to surpass that of the mass.</p>
<p class="fst">
With the different methods of technical reproduction of a work of art,
its fitness for exhibition increased to such an extent that the
quantitative shift between its two poles turned into a qualitative
transformation of its nature. This is comparable to the situation of
the work of art in prehistoric times when, by the absolute emphasis on
its cult value, it was, first and foremost, an instrument of magic.
Only later did it come to be recognized as a work of art. In the same
way today, by the absolute emphasis on its exhibition value the work of
art becomes a creation with entirely new functions, among which the one
we are conscious of, the artistic function, later may be recognized as
incidental. This much is certain: today photography and the film are
the most serviceable exemplifications of this new function.</p>
<h1>VI</h1>
<p class="fst">
In photography, exhibition value begins to displace cult value all
along the line. But cult value does not give way without resistance. It
retires into an ultimate retrenchment: the human countenance. It is no
accident that the portrait was the focal point of early photography.
The cult of remembrance of loved ones, absent or dead, offers a last
refuge for the cult value of the picture. For the last time the aura
emanates from the early photographs in the fleeting expression of a
human face. This is what constitutes their melancholy, incomparable
beauty. But as man withdraws from the photographic image, the
exhibition value for the first time shows its superiority to the ritual
value. To have pinpointed this new stage constitutes the incomparable
significance of Atget, who, around 1900, took photographs of deserted
Paris streets. It has quite justly been said of him that he
photographed them like scenes of crime. The scene of a crime, too, is
deserted; it is photographed for the purpose of establishing evidence.
With Atget, photographs become standard evidence for historical
occurrences, and acquire a hidden political significance. They demand a
specific kind of approach; free-floating contemplation is not
appropriate to them. They stir the viewer; he feels challenged by them
in a new way. At the same time picture magazines begin to put up
signposts for him, right ones or wrong ones, no matter. For the first
time, captions have become obligatory. And it is clear that they have
an altogether different character than the title of a painting. The
directives which the captions give to those looking at pictures in
illustrated magazines soon become even more explicit and more
imperative in the film where the meaning of each single picture appears
to be prescribed by the sequence of all preceding ones.
</p><h1>VII</h1>
<p class="fst">The nineteenth-century dispute as to the artistic value
of painting versus photography today seems devious and confused. This
does not diminish its importance, however; if anything, it underlines
it. The dispute was in fact the symptom of a historical transformation
the universal impact of which was not realized by either of the rivals.
When the age of mechanical reproduction separated art from its basis in
cult, the semblance of its autonomy disappeared forever. The resulting
change in the function of art transcended the perspective of the
century; for a long time it even escaped that of the twentieth century,
which experienced the development of the film.
Earlier much futile thought had been devoted to the question of whether
photography is an art. The primary question – whether the very
invention of photography had not transformed the entire nature of art –
was not raised. Soon the film theoreticians asked the same
ill-considered question with regard to the film. But the difficulties
which photography caused traditional aesthetics were mere child’s play
as compared to those raised by the film. Whence the insensitive and
forced character of early theories of the film. Abel Gance, for
instance, compares the film with hieroglyphs: “Here, by a remarkable
regression, we have come back to the level of expression of the
Egyptians ... Pictorial language has not yet matured because our eyes
have not yet adjusted to it. There is as yet insufficient respect for,
insufficient cult of, what it expresses.” Or, in the words of
Séverin-Mars: “What art has been granted a dream more poetical and more
real at the same time! Approached in this fashion the film might
represent an incomparable means of expression. Only the most
high-minded persons, in the most perfect and mysterious moments of
their lives, should be allowed to enter its ambience.” Alexandre Arnoux
concludes his fantasy about the silent film with the question: “Do not
all the bold descriptions we have given amount to the definition of
prayer?” It is instructive to note how their desire to class the film
among the “arts” forces these theoreticians to read ritual elements
into it – with a striking lack of discretion. Yet when these
speculations were published, films like <i>L’Opinion publique</i> and<i> The Gold Rush</i>
had already appeared. This, however, did not keep Abel Gance from
adducing hieroglyphs for purposes of comparison, nor Séverin-Mars from
speaking of the film as one might speak of paintings by Fra Angelico.
Characteristically, even today ultrareactionary authors give the film a
similar contextual significance – if not an outright sacred one, then
at least a supernatural one. Commenting on Max Reinhardt’s film version
of <i>A Midsummer Night’s Dream</i>, Werfel states that undoubtedly it
was the sterile copying of the exterior world with its streets,
interiors, railroad stations, restaurants, motorcars, and beaches which
until now had obstructed the elevation of the film to the realm of art.
“The film has not yet realized its true meaning, its real possibilities
... these consist in its unique faculty to express by natural means and
with incomparable persuasiveness all that is fairylike, marvelous,
supernatural.” </p>
<h1>VIII</h1>
<p class="fst">
The artistic performance of a stage actor is definitely presented to
the public by the actor in person; that of the screen actor, however,
is presented by a camera, with a twofold consequence. The camera that
presents the performance of the film actor to the public need not
respect the performance as an integral whole. Guided by the cameraman,
the camera continually changes its position with respect to the
performance. The sequence of positional views which the editor composes
from the material supplied him constitutes the completed film. It
comprises certain factors of movement which are in reality those of the
camera, not to mention special camera angles, close-ups, etc. Hence,
the performance of the actor is subjected to a series of optical tests.
This is the first consequence of the fact that the actor’s performance
is presented by means of a camera. Also, the film actor lacks the
opportunity of the stage actor to adjust to the audience during his
performance, since he does not present his performance to the audience
in person. This permits the audience to take the position of a critic,
without experiencing any personal contact with the actor. The
audience’s identification with the actor is really an identification
with the camera. Consequently the audience takes the position of the
camera; its approach is that of testing. This is not the approach to
which cult values may be exposed.</p>
<h1>IX</h1>
<p class="fst">
For the film, what matters primarily is that the actor represents
himself to the public before the camera, rather than representing
someone else. One of the first to sense the actor’s metamorphosis by
this form of testing was Pirandello. Though his remarks on the subject
in his novel <i>Si Gira</i>
were limited to the negative aspects of the question and to the silent
film only, this hardly impairs their validity. For in this respect, the
sound film did not change anything essential. What matters is that the
part is acted not for an audience but for a mechanical contrivance – in
the case of the sound film, for two of them. “The film actor,” wrote
Pirandello, “feels as if in exile – exiled not only from the stage but
also from himself. With a vague sense of discomfort he feels
inexplicable emptiness: his body loses its corporeality, it evaporates,
it is deprived of reality, life, voice, and the noises caused by his
moving about, in order to be changed into a mute image, flickering an
instant on the screen, then vanishing into silence .... The projector
will play with his shadow before the public, and he himself must be
content to play before the camera.” This situation might also be
characterized as follows: for the first time – and this is the effect
of the film – man has to operate with his whole living person, yet
forgoing its aura. For aura is tied to his presence; there can be no
replica of it. The aura which, on the stage, emanates from Macbeth,
cannot be separated for the spectators from that of the actor. However,
the singularity of the shot in the studio is that the camera is
substituted for the public. Consequently, the aura that envelops the
actor vanishes, and with it the aura of the figure he portrays.</p>
<p class="fst">
It is not surprising that it should be a dramatist such as Pirandello
who, in characterizing the film, inadvertently touches on the very
crisis in which we see the theater. Any thorough study proves that
there is indeed no greater contrast than that of the stage play to a
work of art that is completely subject to or, like the film, founded
in, mechanical reproduction. Experts have long recognized that in the
film “the greatest effects are almost always obtained by ‘acting’ as
little as possible ... ” In 1932 Rudolf Arnheim saw “the latest trend
... in treating the actor as a stage prop chosen for its
characteristics and... inserted at the proper place.” With this idea
something else is closely connected. The stage actor identifies himself
with the character of his role. The film actor very often is denied
this opportunity. His creation is by no means all of a piece; it is
composed of many separate performances. Besides certain fortuitous
considerations, such as cost of studio, availability of fellow players,
décor, etc., there are elementary necessities of equipment that split
the actor’s work into a series of mountable episodes. In particular,
lighting and its installation require the presentation of an event
that, on the screen, unfolds as a rapid and unified scene, in a
sequence of separate shootings which may take hours at the studio; not
to mention more obvious montage. Thus a jump from the window can be
shot in the studio as a jump from a scaffold, and the ensuing flight,
if need be, can be shot weeks later when outdoor scenes are taken. Far
more paradoxical cases can easily be construed. Let us assume that an
actor is supposed to be startled by a knock at the door. If his
reaction is not satisfactory, the director can resort to an expedient:
when the actor happens to be at the studio again he has a shot fired
behind him without his being forewarned of it. The frightened reaction
can be shot now and be cut into the screen version. Nothing more
strikingly shows that art has left the realm of the “beautiful
semblance” which, so far, had been taken to be the only sphere where
art could thrive.</p>
<h1>X</h1>
<p class="fst">
The feeling of strangeness that overcomes the actor before the camera,
as Pirandello describes it, is basically of the same kind as the
estrangement felt before one’s own image in the mirror. But now the
reflected image has become separable, transportable. And where is it
transported? Before the public. Never for a moment does the screen
actor cease to be conscious of this fact. While facing the camera he
knows that ultimately he will face the public, the consumers who
constitute the market. This market, where he offers not only his labor
but also his whole self, his heart and soul, is beyond his reach.
During the shooting he has as little contact with it as any article
made in a factory. This may contribute to that oppression, that new
anxiety which, according to Pirandello, grips the actor before the
camera. The film responds to the shriveling of the aura with an
artificial build-up of the “personality” outside the studio. The cult
of the movie star, fostered by the money of the film industry,
preserves not the unique aura of the person but the “spell of the
personality,” the phony spell of a commodity. So long as the
movie-makers’ capital sets the fashion, as a rule no other
revolutionary merit can be accredited to today’s film than the
promotion of a revolutionary criticism of traditional concepts of art.
We do not deny that in some cases today’s films can also promote
revolutionary criticism of social conditions, even of the distribution
of property. However, our present study is no more specifically
concerned with this than is the film production of Western Europe.</p>
<p class="fst">
It is inherent in the technique of the film as well as that of sports
that everybody who witnesses its accomplishments is somewhat of an
expert. This is obvious to anyone listening to a group of newspaper
boys leaning on their bicycles and discussing the outcome of a bicycle
race. It is not for nothing that newspaper publishers arrange races for
their delivery boys. These arouse great interest among the
participants, for the victor has an opportunity to rise from delivery
boy to professional racer. Similarly, the newsreel offers everyone the
opportunity to rise from passer-by to movie extra. In this way any man
might even find himself part of a work of art, as witness Vertov’s <i>Three Songs About Lenin</i> or Ivens’ <i>Borinage</i>.
Any man today can lay claim to being filmed. This claim can best be
elucidated by a comparative look at the historical situation of
contemporary literature.</p>
<p class="fst">
For centuries a small number of writers were confronted by many
thousands of readers. This changed toward the end of the last century.
With the increasing extension of the press, which kept placing new
political, religious, scientific, professional, and local organs before
the readers, an increasing number of readers became writers – at first,
occasional ones. It began with the daily press opening to its readers
space for “letters to the editor.” And today there is hardly a
gainfully employed European who could not, in principle, find an
opportunity to publish somewhere or other comments on his work,
grievances, documentary reports, or that sort of thing. Thus, the
distinction between author and public is about to lose its basic
character. The difference becomes merely functional; it may vary from
case to case. At any moment the reader is ready to turn into a writer.
As expert, which he had to become willy-nilly in an extremely
specialized work process, even if only in some minor respect, the
reader gains access to authorship. In the Soviet Union work itself is
given a voice. To present it verbally is part of a man’s ability to
perform the work. Literary license is now founded on polytechnic rather
than specialized training and thus becomes common property.</p>
<p class="fst">
All this can easily be applied to the film, where transitions that in
literature took centuries have come about in a decade. In cinematic
practice, particularly in Russia, this change-over has partially become
established reality. Some of the players whom we meet in Russian films
are not actors in our sense but people who portray themselves and
primarily in their own work process. In Western Europe the capitalistic
exploitation of the film denies consideration to modern man’s
legitimate claim to being reproduced. Under these circumstances the
film industry is trying hard to spur the interest of the masses through
illusion-promoting spectacles and dubious speculations.</p>
<h1>XI</h1>
<p class="fst">
The shooting of a film, especially of a sound film, affords a spectacle
unimaginable anywhere at any time before this. It presents a process in
which it is impossible to assign to a spectator a viewpoint which would
exclude from the actual scene such extraneous accessories as camera
equipment, lighting machinery, staff assistants, etc. – unless his eye
were on a line parallel with the lens. This circumstance, more than any
other, renders superficial and insignificant any possible similarity
between a scene in the studio and one on the stage. In the theater one
is well aware of the place from which the play cannot immediately be
detected as illusionary. There is no such place for the movie scene
that is being shot. Its illusionary nature is that of the second
degree, the result of cutting. That is to say, in the studio the
mechanical equipment has penetrated so deeply into reality that its
pure aspect freed from the foreign substance of equipment is the result
of a special procedure, namely, the shooting by the specially adjusted
camera and the mounting of the shot together with other similar ones.
The equipment-free aspect of reality here has become the height of
artifice; the sight of immediate reality has become an orchid in the
land of technology.</p>
<p>
Even more revealing is the comparison of these circumstances, which
differ so much from those of the theater, with the situation in
painting. Here the question is: How does the cameraman compare with the
painter? To answer this we take recourse to an analogy with a surgical
operation. The surgeon represents the polar opposite of the magician.
The magician heals a sick person by the laying on of hands; the surgeon
cuts into the patient’s body. The magician maintains the natural
distance between the patient and himself; though he reduces it very
slightly by the laying on of hands, he greatly increases it by virtue
of his authority. The surgeon does exactly the reverse; he greatly
diminishes the distance between himself and the patient by penetrating
into the patient’s body, and increases it but little by the caution
with which his hand moves among the organs. In short, in contrast to
the magician - who is still hidden in the medical practitioner – the
surgeon at the decisive moment abstains from facing the patient man to
man; rather, it is through the operation that he penetrates into him.</p>
<p>
Magician and surgeon compare to painter and cameraman. The painter
maintains in his work a natural distance from reality, the cameraman
penetrates deeply into its web. There is a tremendous difference
between the pictures they obtain. That of the painter is a total one,
that of the cameraman consists of multiple fragments which are
assembled under a new law. Thus, for contemporary man the
representation of reality by the film is incomparably more significant
than that of the painter, since it offers, precisely because of the
thoroughgoing permeation of reality with mechanical equipment, an
aspect of reality which is free of all equipment. And that is what one
is entitled to ask from a work of art.</p>
<h1>XII</h1>
<p class="fst">
Mechanical reproduction of art changes the reaction of the masses
toward art. The reactionary attitude toward a Picasso painting changes
into the progressive reaction toward a Chaplin movie. The progressive
reaction is characterized by the direct, intimate fusion of visual and
emotional enjoyment with the orientation of the expert. Such fusion is
of great social significance. The greater the decrease in the social
significance of an art form, the sharper the distinction between
criticism and enjoyment by the public. The conventional is uncritically
enjoyed, and the truly new is criticized with aversion. With regard to
the screen, the critical and the receptive attitudes of the public
coincide. The decisive reason for this is that individual reactions are
predetermined by the mass audience response they are about to produce,
and this is nowhere more pronounced than in the film. The moment these
responses become manifest they control each other. Again, the
comparison with painting is fruitful. A painting has always had an
excellent chance to be viewed by one person or by a few. The
simultaneous contemplation of paintings by a large public, such as
developed in the nineteenth century, is an early symptom of the crisis
of painting, a crisis which was by no means occasioned exclusively by
photography but rather in a relatively independent manner by the appeal
of art works to the masses.</p>
<p>
Painting simply is in no position to present an object for simultaneous
collective experience, as it was possible for architecture at all
times, for the epic poem in the past, and for the movie today. Although
this circumstance in itself should not lead one to conclusions about
the social role of painting, it does constitute a serious threat as
soon as painting, under special conditions and, as it were, against its
nature, is confronted directly by the masses. In the churches and
monasteries of the Middle Ages and at the princely courts up to the end
of the eighteenth century, a collective reception of paintings did not
occur simultaneously, but by graduated and hierarchized mediation. The
change that has come about is an expression of the particular conflict
in which painting was implicated by the mechanical reproducibility of
paintings. Although paintings began to be publicly exhibited in
galleries and salons, there was no way for the masses to organize and
control themselves in their reception. Thus the same public which
responds in a progressive manner toward a grotesque film is bound to
respond in a reactionary manner to surrealism.
</p><h1>XIII</h1>
<p class="fst">
The characteristics of the film lie not only
in the manner in which man presents himself to mechanical equipment but also in
the manner in which, by means of this apparatus, man can represent his
environment. A glance at occupational psychology illustrates the testing
capacity of the equipment. Psychoanalysis illustrates it in a different
perspective. The film has enriched our field of perception with methods which
can be illustrated by those of Freudian theory. Fifty years ago, a slip of the
tongue passed more or less unnoticed. Only exceptionally may such a slip have
revealed dimensions of depth in a conversation which had seemed to be taking its
course on the surface. Since the <i>Psychopathology of Everyday Life</i> things have
changed. This book isolated and made analyzable things which had heretofore
floated along unnoticed in the broad stream of perception. For the entire
spectrum of optical, and now also acoustical, perception the film has brought
about a similar deepening of apperception. It is only an obverse of this fact
that behavior items shown in a movie can be analyzed much more precisely and
from more points of view than those presented on paintings or on the stage. As
compared with painting, filmed behavior lends itself more readily to analysis
because of its incomparably more precise statements of the situation. In
comparison with the stage scene, the filmed behavior item lends itself more
readily to analysis because it can be isolated more easily. This circumstance
derives its chief importance from its tendency to promote the mutual penetration
of art and science. Actually, of a screened behavior item which is neatly
brought out in a certain situation, like a muscle of a body, it is difficult to
say which is more fascinating, its artistic value or its value for science. To
demonstrate the identity of the artistic and scientific uses of photography
which heretofore usually were separated will be one of the revolutionary
functions of the film.</p>
<p>
By close-ups of the things around us, by focusing
on hidden details of familiar objects, by exploring common place milieus under
the ingenious guidance of the camera, the film, on the one hand, extends our
comprehension of the necessities which rule our lives; on the other hand, it
manages to assure us of an immense and unexpected field of action. Our taverns
and our metropolitan streets, our offices and furnished rooms, our railroad
stations and our factories appeared to have us locked up hopelessly. Then came
the film and burst this prison-world asunder by the dynamite of the tenth of a
second, so that now, in the midst of its far-flung ruins and debris, we calmly
and adventurously go traveling. With the close-up, space expands; with slow
motion, movement is extended. The enlargement of a snapshot does not simply
render more precise what in any case was visible, though unclear: it reveals
entirely new structural formations of the subject. So, too, slow motion not only
presents familiar qualities of movement but reveals in them entirely unknown
ones “which, far from looking like retarded rapid movements, give the effect of
singularly gliding, floating, supernatural motions.” Evidently a different
nature opens itself to the camera than opens to the naked eye – if only because
an unconsciously penetrated space is substituted for a space consciously
explored by man. Even if one has a general knowledge of the way people walk, one
knows nothing of a person’s posture during the fractional second of a stride.
The act of reaching for a lighter or a spoon is familiar routine, yet we hardly
know what really goes on between hand and metal, not to mention how this
fluctuates with our moods. Here the camera intervenes with the resources of its
lowerings and liftings, its interruptions and isolations, it extensions and
accelerations, its enlargements and reductions. The camera introduces us to
unconscious optics as does psychoanalysis to unconscious
impulses.</p>
<h1>XIV</h1>
<p class="fst">
One of the foremost tasks of art has always
been the creation of a demand which could be fully satisfied only later. The
history of every art form shows critical epochs in which a certain art form
aspires to effects which could be fully obtained only with a changed technical
standard, that is to say, in a new art form. The extravagances and crudities of
art which thus appear, particularly in the so-called decadent epochs, actually
arise from the nucleus of its richest historical energies. In recent years, such
barbarisms were abundant in Dadaism. It is only now that its impulse becomes
discernible: Dadaism attempted to create by pictorial – and literary – means the
effects which the public today seeks in the film.</p>
<p>
Every fundamentally
new, pioneering creation of demands will carry beyond its goal. Dadaism did so
to the extent that it sacrificed the market values which are so characteristic
of the film in favor of higher ambitions – though of course it was not conscious
of such intentions as here described. The Dadaists attached much less importance
to the sales value of their work than to its usefulness for contemplative
immersion. The studied degradation of their material was not the least of their
means to achieve this uselessness. Their poems are “word salad” containing
obscenities and every imaginable waste product of language. The same is true of
their paintings, on which they mounted buttons and tickets. What they intended
and achieved was a relentless destruction of the aura of their creations, which
they branded as reproductions with the very means of production. Before a
painting of Arp’s or a poem by August Stramm it is impossible to take time for
contemplation and evaluation as one would before a canvas of Derain’s or a poem
by Rilke. In the decline of middle-class society, contemplation became a school
for asocial behavior; it was countered by distraction as a variant of social
conduct. Dadaistic activities actually assured a rather vehement distraction by
making works of art the center of scandal. One requirement was foremost: to
outrage the public.</p>
<p>
From an alluring appearance or persuasive structure
of sound the work of art of the Dadaists became an instrument of ballistics. It
hit the spectator like a bullet, it happened to him, thus acquiring a tactile
quality. It promoted a demand for the film, the distracting element of which is
also primarily tactile, being based on changes of place and focus which
periodically assail the spectator. Let us compare the screen on which a film
unfolds with the canvas of a painting. The painting invites the spectator to
contemplation; before it the spectator can abandon himself to his associations.
Before the movie frame he cannot do so. No sooner has his eye grasped a scene
than it is already changed. It cannot be arrested. Duhamel, who detests the film
and knows nothing of its significance, though something of its structure, notes
this circumstance as follows: “I can no longer think what I want to think. My
thoughts have been replaced by moving images.” The spectator’s process of
association in view of these images is indeed interrupted by their constant,
sudden change. This constitutes the shock effect of the film, which, like all
shocks, should be cushioned by heightened presence of mind. By means of its
technical structure, the film has taken the physical shock effect out of the
wrappers in which Dadaism had, as it were, kept it inside the moral shock
effect.</p>
<h1>XV</h1>
<p class="fst">
The mass is a matrix from which all traditional
behavior toward works of art issues today in a new form. Quantity has been
transmuted into quality. The greatly increased mass of participants has produced
a change in the mode of participation. The fact that the new mode of
participation first appeared in a disreputable form must not confuse the
spectator. Yet some people have launched spirited attacks against precisely this
superficial aspect. Among these, Duhamel has expressed himself in the most
radical manner. What he objects to most is the kind of participation which the
movie elicits from the masses. Duhamel calls the movie “a pastime for helots, a
diversion for uneducated, wretched, worn-out creatures who are consumed by their
worries a spectacle which requires no concentration and presupposes no
intelligence which kindles no light in the heart and awakens no hope other than
the ridiculous one of someday becoming a ‘star’ in Los Angeles.” Clearly, this
is at bottom the same ancient lament that the masses seek distraction whereas
art demands concentration from the spectator. That is a commonplace.</p>
<p>
The question remains whether it provides a platform for the analysis of the film. A
closer look is needed here. Distraction and concentration form polar opposites
which may be stated as follows: A man who concentrates before a work of art is
absorbed by it. He enters into this work of art the way legend tells of the
Chinese painter when he viewed his finished painting. In contrast, the
distracted mass absorbs the work of art. This is most obvious with regard to
buildings. Architecture has always represented the prototype of a work of art
the reception of which is consummated by a collectivity in a state of
distraction. The laws of its reception are most instructive.</p>
<p>
Buildings have been man’s companions since primeval times. Many art forms have developed
and perished. Tragedy begins with the Greeks, is extinguished with them, and
after centuries its “rules” only are revived. The epic poem, which had its
origin in the youth of nations, expires in Europe at the end of the Renaissance.
Panel painting is a creation of the Middle Ages, and nothing guarantees its
uninterrupted existence. But the human need for shelter is lasting. Architecture
has never been idle. Its history is more ancient than that of any other art, and
its claim to being a living force has significance in every attempt to
comprehend the relationship of the masses to art. Buildings are appropriated in
a twofold manner: by use and by perception – or rather, by touch and sight. Such
appropriation cannot be understood in terms of the attentive concentration of a
tourist before a famous building. On the tactile side there is no counterpart to
contemplation on the optical side. Tactile appropriation is accomplished not so
much by attention as by habit. As regards architecture, habit determines to a
large extent even optical reception. The latter, too, occurs much less through
rapt attention than by noticing the object in incidental fashion. This mode of
appropriation, developed with reference to architecture, in certain
circumstances acquires canonical value. For the tasks which face the human
apparatus of perception at the turning points of history cannot be solved by
optical means, that is, by contemplation, alone. They are mastered gradually by
habit, under the guidance of tactile appropriation.</p>
<p>
The distracted person, too, can form habits. More, the ability to master certain tasks in a
state of distraction proves that their solution has become a matter of habit.
Distraction as provided by art presents a covert control of the extent to which
new tasks have become soluble by apperception. Since, moreover, individuals are
tempted to avoid such tasks, art will tackle the most difficult and most
important ones where it is able to mobilize the masses. Today it does so in the
film. Reception in a state of distraction, which is increasing noticeably in all
fields of art and is symptomatic of profound changes in apperception, finds in
the film its true means of exercise. The film with its shock effect meets this
mode of reception halfway. The film makes the cult value recede into the
background not only by putting the public in the position of the critic, but
also by the fact that at the movies this position requires no attention. The
public is an examiner, but an absent-minded one.</p>
<h1>Epilogue</h1>
<p class="fst">
The growing proletarianization of modern man
and the increasing formation of masses are two aspects of the same process.
Fascism attempts to organize the newly created proletarian masses without
affecting the property structure which the masses strive to eliminate. Fascism
sees its salvation in giving these masses not their right, but instead a chance
to express themselves. The masses have a right to change property relations;
Fascism seeks to give them an expression while preserving property. The logical
result of Fascism is the introduction of aesthetics into political life. The
violation of the masses, whom Fascism, with its Führer cult, forces to their
knees, has its counterpart in the violation of an apparatus which is pressed
into the production of ritual values.</p>
<p>
All efforts to render politics aesthetic culminate in one thing: war.
War and war only can set a goal for mass
movements on the largest scale while respecting the traditional property system.
This is the political formula for the situation. The technological formula may
be stated as follows: Only war makes it possible to mobilize all of today’s
technical resources while maintaining the property system. It goes without
saying that the Fascist apotheosis of war does not employ such arguments. Still,
Marinetti says in his manifesto on the Ethiopian colonial war: </p>
<p class="quoteb">
“For twenty-seven years we Futurists have rebelled against the branding of war as
anti-aesthetic ... Accordingly we state:... War is beautiful because it
establishes man’s dominion over the subjugated machinery by means of gas masks,
terrifying megaphones, flame throwers, and small tanks. War is beautiful
because it initiates the dreamt-of metalization of the human body. War is
beautiful because it enriches a flowering meadow with the fiery orchids of
machine guns. War is beautiful because it combines the gunfire, the cannonades,
the cease-fire, the scents, and the stench of putrefaction into a symphony. War
is beautiful because it creates new architecture, like that of the big tanks,
the geometrical formation flights, the smoke spirals from burning villages, and
many others ... Poets and artists of Futurism! ... remember these principles of
an aesthetics of war so that your struggle for a new literature and a new
graphic art ... may be illumined by them!” </p>
<p class="fst">
This manifesto has the
virtue of clarity. Its formulations deserve to be accepted by dialecticians. To
the latter, the aesthetics of today’s war appears as follows: If the natural
utilization of productive forces is impeded by the property system, the increase
in technical devices, in speed, and in the sources of energy will press for an
unnatural utilization, and this is found in war. The destructiveness of war
furnishes proof that society has not been mature enough to incorporate
technology as its organ, that technology has not been sufficiently developed to
cope with the elemental forces of society. The horrible features of
imperialistic warfare are attributable to the discrepancy between the tremendous
means of production and their inadequate utilization in the process of
production – in other words, to unemployment and the lack of markets.
Imperialistic war is a rebellion of technology which collects, in the form of
“human material,” the claims to which society has denied its natural materrial.
Instead of draining rivers, society directs a human stream into a bed of
trenches; instead of dropping seeds from airplanes, it drops incendiary bombs
over cities; and through gas warfare the aura is abolished in a new way.</p>
<p>
“Fiat ars – pereat mundus”, says Fascism, and, as Marinetti admits,
expects war to supply the artistic gratification of a sense perception that has
been changed by technology. This is evidently the consummation of “l’art pour
l’art.” Mankind, which in Homer’s time was an object of contemplation for the
Olympian gods, now is one for itself. Its self-alienation has reached such a
degree that it can experience its own destruction as an aesthetic pleasure of
the first order. This is the situation of politics which Fascism is rendering
aesthetic. Communism responds by politicizing art.</p>
<p class="skip"> </p>
<hr class="end">
<p class="footer">Further Reading:<br>
<a href="http://www.marxists.org/glossary/people/b/e.htm#benjamin-walter">Biography</a> |
<a href="http://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/adorno/1944/culture-industry.htm">The Culture Industry: Enlightenment as Mass Deception</a>, Adorno, 1944
</p>
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<a href="http://www.marxists.org/subject/art/lit_crit/index.htm" target="_top">Marxist Literary Criticism</a><br>
<a href="http://www.marxists.org/reference/subject/philosophy/index.htm" target="_top">Philosophy Archive @ marxists.org</a></p>
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<td>
<img src="http://www.wikipatterns.com/images/icons/docs_16.gif" title="Intentional Error" align="absmiddle" border="0" height="16" width="16">
<a href="http://www.wikipatterns.com/display/wikipatterns/Intentional+Error">Intentional Error</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<img src="http://www.wikipatterns.com/images/icons/docs_16.gif" title="Invitation" align="absmiddle" border="0" height="16" width="16">
<a href="http://www.wikipatterns.com/display/wikipatterns/Invitation">Invitation</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<img src="http://www.wikipatterns.com/images/icons/docs_16.gif" title="Maintainer" align="absmiddle" border="0" height="16" width="16">
<a href="http://www.wikipatterns.com/display/wikipatterns/Maintainer">Maintainer</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<img src="http://www.wikipatterns.com/images/icons/docs_16.gif" title="MySpace" align="absmiddle" border="0" height="16" width="16">
<a href="http://www.wikipatterns.com/display/wikipatterns/MySpace">MySpace</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<img src="http://www.wikipatterns.com/images/icons/docs_16.gif" title="Patron (or Sponsor)" align="absmiddle" border="0" height="16" width="16">
<a href="http://www.wikipatterns.com/display/wikipatterns/Patron+%28or+Sponsor%29">Patron (or Sponsor)</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<img src="http://www.wikipatterns.com/images/icons/docs_16.gif" title="Social Tagging" align="absmiddle" border="0" height="16" width="16">
<a href="http://www.wikipatterns.com/display/wikipatterns/Social+Tagging">Social Tagging</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<img src="http://www.wikipatterns.com/images/icons/docs_16.gif" title="StartingPoint" align="absmiddle" border="0" height="16" width="16">
<a href="http://www.wikipatterns.com/display/wikipatterns/StartingPoint">StartingPoint</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<img src="http://www.wikipatterns.com/images/icons/docs_16.gif" title="Viral" align="absmiddle" border="0" height="16" width="16">
<a href="http://www.wikipatterns.com/display/wikipatterns/Viral">Viral</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<img src="http://www.wikipatterns.com/images/icons/docs_16.gif" title="Welcoming" align="absmiddle" border="0" height="16" width="16">
<a href="http://www.wikipatterns.com/display/wikipatterns/Welcoming">Welcoming</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<img src="http://www.wikipatterns.com/images/icons/docs_16.gif" title="Wiki Charter" align="absmiddle" border="0" height="16" width="16">
<a href="http://www.wikipatterns.com/display/wikipatterns/Wiki+Charter">Wiki Charter</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<img src="http://www.wikipatterns.com/images/icons/docs_16.gif" title="WikiGnome" align="absmiddle" border="0" height="16" width="16">
<a href="http://www.wikipatterns.com/display/wikipatterns/WikiGnome">WikiGnome</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<img src="http://www.wikipatterns.com/images/icons/docs_16.gif" title="WikiZenMaster" align="absmiddle" border="0" height="16" width="16">
<a href="http://www.wikipatterns.com/display/wikipatterns/WikiZenMaster">WikiZenMaster</a>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div id="innerleft">
<div class="patternbox">
<h3 class="antipattern">People Anti-Patterns</h3>
<div class="pad">
<table class="tableview" width="100%">
<tbody><tr>
<td>
<img src="http://www.wikipatterns.com/images/icons/docs_16.gif" title="Bully" align="absmiddle" border="0" height="16" width="16">
<a href="http://www.wikipatterns.com/display/wikipatterns/Bully">Bully</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<img src="http://www.wikipatterns.com/images/icons/docs_16.gif" title="ContributorForHire" align="absmiddle" border="0" height="16" width="16">
<a href="http://www.wikipatterns.com/display/wikipatterns/ContributorForHire">ContributorForHire</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<img src="http://www.wikipatterns.com/images/icons/docs_16.gif" title="Copyright infringement" align="absmiddle" border="0" height="16" width="16">
<a href="http://www.wikipatterns.com/display/wikipatterns/Copyright+infringement">Copyright infringement</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<img src="http://www.wikipatterns.com/images/icons/docs_16.gif" title="Do it all" align="absmiddle" border="0" height="16" width="16">
<a href="http://www.wikipatterns.com/display/wikipatterns/Do+it+all">Do it all</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<img src="http://www.wikipatterns.com/images/icons/docs_16.gif" title="EmulatingReplicator" align="absmiddle" border="0" height="16" width="16">
<a href="http://www.wikipatterns.com/display/wikipatterns/EmulatingReplicator">EmulatingReplicator</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<img src="http://www.wikipatterns.com/images/icons/docs_16.gif" title="Gate" align="absmiddle" border="0" height="16" width="16">
<a href="http://www.wikipatterns.com/display/wikipatterns/Gate">Gate</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<img src="http://www.wikipatterns.com/images/icons/docs_16.gif" title="Leech" align="absmiddle" border="0" height="16" width="16">
<a href="http://www.wikipatterns.com/display/wikipatterns/Leech">Leech</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<img src="http://www.wikipatterns.com/images/icons/docs_16.gif" title="OverOrganizer" align="absmiddle" border="0" height="16" width="16">
<a href="http://www.wikipatterns.com/display/wikipatterns/OverOrganizer">OverOrganizer</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<img src="http://www.wikipatterns.com/images/icons/docs_16.gif" title="Records Manager" align="absmiddle" border="0" height="16" width="16">
<a href="http://www.wikipatterns.com/display/wikipatterns/Records+Manager">Records Manager</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<img src="http://www.wikipatterns.com/images/icons/docs_16.gif" title="TransparencyComplaints" align="absmiddle" border="0" height="16" width="16">
<a href="http://www.wikipatterns.com/display/wikipatterns/TransparencyComplaints">TransparencyComplaints</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<img src="http://www.wikipatterns.com/images/icons/docs_16.gif" title="Vandal" align="absmiddle" border="0" height="16" width="16">
<a href="http://www.wikipatterns.com/display/wikipatterns/Vandal">Vandal</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<img src="http://www.wikipatterns.com/images/icons/docs_16.gif" title="Wikiphobia" align="absmiddle" border="0" height="16" width="16">
<a href="http://www.wikipatterns.com/display/wikipatterns/Wikiphobia">Wikiphobia</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<img src="http://www.wikipatterns.com/images/icons/docs_16.gif" title="WikiTroll" align="absmiddle" border="0" height="16" width="16">
<a href="http://www.wikipatterns.com/display/wikipatterns/WikiTroll">WikiTroll</a>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div id="rightcontainer">
<div id="innerright">
<div class="patternbox">
<h3 class="pattern">Adoption Patterns</h3>
<div class="pad">
<table class="tableview" width="100%">
<tbody><tr>
<td>
<img src="http://www.wikipatterns.com/images/icons/docs_16.gif" title="Agenda" align="absmiddle" border="0" height="16" width="16">
<a href="http://www.wikipatterns.com/display/wikipatterns/Agenda">Agenda</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<img src="http://www.wikipatterns.com/images/icons/docs_16.gif" title="Assess Wiki-Ability" align="absmiddle" border="0" height="16" width="16">
<a href="http://www.wikipatterns.com/display/wikipatterns/Assess+Wiki-Ability">Assess Wiki-Ability</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<img src="http://www.wikipatterns.com/images/icons/docs_16.gif" title="Automatic Index" align="absmiddle" border="0" height="16" width="16">
<a href="http://www.wikipatterns.com/display/wikipatterns/Automatic+Index">Automatic Index</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<img src="http://www.wikipatterns.com/images/icons/docs_16.gif" title="Built-in obsolescence" align="absmiddle" border="0" height="16" width="16">
<a href="http://www.wikipatterns.com/display/wikipatterns/Built-in+obsolescence">Built-in obsolescence</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<img src="http://www.wikipatterns.com/images/icons/docs_16.gif" title="CamelCase" align="absmiddle" border="0" height="16" width="16">
<a href="http://www.wikipatterns.com/display/wikipatterns/CamelCase">CamelCase</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<img src="http://www.wikipatterns.com/images/icons/docs_16.gif" title="Clean Permissions" align="absmiddle" border="0" height="16" width="16">
<a href="http://www.wikipatterns.com/display/wikipatterns/Clean+Permissions">Clean Permissions</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<img src="http://www.wikipatterns.com/images/icons/docs_16.gif" title="Communication" align="absmiddle" border="0" height="16" width="16">
<a href="http://www.wikipatterns.com/display/wikipatterns/Communication">Communication</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<img src="http://www.wikipatterns.com/images/icons/docs_16.gif" title="Community Portal" align="absmiddle" border="0" height="16" width="16">
<a href="http://www.wikipatterns.com/display/wikipatterns/Community+Portal">Community Portal</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<img src="http://www.wikipatterns.com/images/icons/docs_16.gif" title="Community Write" align="absmiddle" border="0" height="16" width="16">
<a href="http://www.wikipatterns.com/display/wikipatterns/Community+Write">Community Write</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<img src="http://www.wikipatterns.com/images/icons/docs_16.gif" title="Conferences" align="absmiddle" border="0" height="16" width="16">
<a href="http://www.wikipatterns.com/display/wikipatterns/Conferences">Conferences</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<img src="http://www.wikipatterns.com/images/icons/docs_16.gif" title="ContentAlert" align="absmiddle" border="0" height="16" width="16">
<a href="http://www.wikipatterns.com/display/wikipatterns/ContentAlert">ContentAlert</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<img src="http://www.wikipatterns.com/images/icons/docs_16.gif" title="Corporate Directory" align="absmiddle" border="0" height="16" width="16">
<a href="http://www.wikipatterns.com/display/wikipatterns/Corporate+Directory">Corporate Directory</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<img src="http://www.wikipatterns.com/images/icons/docs_16.gif" title="Critical Mass" align="absmiddle" border="0" height="16" width="16">
<a href="http://www.wikipatterns.com/display/wikipatterns/Critical+Mass">Critical Mass</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<img src="http://www.wikipatterns.com/images/icons/docs_16.gif" title="Email to Wiki" align="absmiddle" border="0" height="16" width="16">
<a href="http://www.wikipatterns.com/display/wikipatterns/Email+to+Wiki">Email to Wiki</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<img src="http://www.wikipatterns.com/images/icons/docs_16.gif" title="FAQ" align="absmiddle" border="0" height="16" width="16">
<a href="http://www.wikipatterns.com/display/wikipatterns/FAQ">FAQ</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<img src="http://www.wikipatterns.com/images/icons/docs_16.gif" title="FutureLinks" align="absmiddle" border="0" height="16" width="16">
<a href="http://www.wikipatterns.com/display/wikipatterns/FutureLinks">FutureLinks</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<img src="http://www.wikipatterns.com/images/icons/docs_16.gif" title="How to use this site" align="absmiddle" border="0" height="16" width="16">
<a href="http://www.wikipatterns.com/display/wikipatterns/How+to+use+this+site">How to use this site</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<img src="http://www.wikipatterns.com/images/icons/docs_16.gif" title="Lunch Menu" align="absmiddle" border="0" height="16" width="16">
<a href="http://www.wikipatterns.com/display/wikipatterns/Lunch+Menu">Lunch Menu</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<img src="http://www.wikipatterns.com/images/icons/docs_16.gif" title="Magnet" align="absmiddle" border="0" height="16" width="16">
<a href="http://www.wikipatterns.com/display/wikipatterns/Magnet">Magnet</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<img src="http://www.wikipatterns.com/images/icons/docs_16.gif" title="Naming Conventions" align="absmiddle" border="0" height="16" width="16">
<a href="http://www.wikipatterns.com/display/wikipatterns/Naming+Conventions">Naming Conventions</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<img src="http://www.wikipatterns.com/images/icons/docs_16.gif" title="Networked Information" align="absmiddle" border="0" height="16" width="16">
<a href="http://www.wikipatterns.com/display/wikipatterns/Networked+Information">Networked Information</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<img src="http://www.wikipatterns.com/images/icons/docs_16.gif" title="New Starter" align="absmiddle" border="0" height="16" width="16">
<a href="http://www.wikipatterns.com/display/wikipatterns/New+Starter">New Starter</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<img src="http://www.wikipatterns.com/images/icons/docs_16.gif" title="Oh That" align="absmiddle" border="0" height="16" width="16">
<a href="http://www.wikipatterns.com/display/wikipatterns/Oh+That">Oh That</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<img src="http://www.wikipatterns.com/images/icons/docs_16.gif" title="One Wiki space per Group" align="absmiddle" border="0" height="16" width="16">
<a href="http://www.wikipatterns.com/display/wikipatterns/One+Wiki+space+per+Group">One Wiki space per Group</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<img src="http://www.wikipatterns.com/images/icons/docs_16.gif" title="OverviewPages" align="absmiddle" border="0" height="16" width="16">
<a href="http://www.wikipatterns.com/display/wikipatterns/OverviewPages">OverviewPages</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<img src="http://www.wikipatterns.com/images/icons/docs_16.gif" title="Permission Granted" align="absmiddle" border="0" height="16" width="16">
<a href="http://www.wikipatterns.com/display/wikipatterns/Permission+Granted">Permission Granted</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<img src="http://www.wikipatterns.com/images/icons/docs_16.gif" title="Poker" align="absmiddle" border="0" height="16" width="16">
<a href="http://www.wikipatterns.com/display/wikipatterns/Poker">Poker</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<img src="http://www.wikipatterns.com/images/icons/docs_16.gif" title="Quote Participants" align="absmiddle" border="0" height="16" width="16">
<a href="http://www.wikipatterns.com/display/wikipatterns/Quote+Participants">Quote Participants</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<img src="http://www.wikipatterns.com/images/icons/docs_16.gif" title="Recognition" align="absmiddle" border="0" height="16" width="16">
<a href="http://www.wikipatterns.com/display/wikipatterns/Recognition">Recognition</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<img src="http://www.wikipatterns.com/images/icons/docs_16.gif" title="Scaffold" align="absmiddle" border="0" height="16" width="16">
<a href="http://www.wikipatterns.com/display/wikipatterns/Scaffold">Scaffold</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<img src="http://www.wikipatterns.com/images/icons/docs_16.gif" title="Seed it with content" align="absmiddle" border="0" height="16" width="16">
<a href="http://www.wikipatterns.com/display/wikipatterns/Seed+it+with+content">Seed it with content</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<img src="http://www.wikipatterns.com/images/icons/docs_16.gif" title="Selective Rollback" align="absmiddle" border="0" height="16" width="16">
<a href="http://www.wikipatterns.com/display/wikipatterns/Selective+Rollback">Selective Rollback</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<img src="http://www.wikipatterns.com/images/icons/docs_16.gif" title="Set Window of Discussion" align="absmiddle" border="0" height="16" width="16">
<a href="http://www.wikipatterns.com/display/wikipatterns/Set+Window+of+Discussion">Set Window of Discussion</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<img src="http://www.wikipatterns.com/images/icons/docs_16.gif" title="SingleProblem" align="absmiddle" border="0" height="16" width="16">
<a href="http://www.wikipatterns.com/display/wikipatterns/SingleProblem">SingleProblem</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<img src="http://www.wikipatterns.com/images/icons/docs_16.gif" title="ThreadMode" align="absmiddle" border="0" height="16" width="16">
<a href="http://www.wikipatterns.com/display/wikipatterns/ThreadMode">ThreadMode</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<img src="http://www.wikipatterns.com/images/icons/docs_16.gif" title="Transit area" align="absmiddle" border="0" height="16" width="16">
<a href="http://www.wikipatterns.com/display/wikipatterns/Transit+area">Transit area</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<img src="http://www.wikipatterns.com/images/icons/docs_16.gif" title="Trellis" align="absmiddle" border="0" height="16" width="16">
<a href="http://www.wikipatterns.com/display/wikipatterns/Trellis">Trellis</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<img src="http://www.wikipatterns.com/images/icons/docs_16.gif" title="Two-Stage Versioning" align="absmiddle" border="0" height="16" width="16">
<a href="http://www.wikipatterns.com/display/wikipatterns/Two-Stage+Versioning">Two-Stage Versioning</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<img src="http://www.wikipatterns.com/images/icons/docs_16.gif" title="UI Delight" align="absmiddle" border="0" height="16" width="16">
<a href="http://www.wikipatterns.com/display/wikipatterns/UI+Delight">UI Delight</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<img src="http://www.wikipatterns.com/images/icons/docs_16.gif" title="Use WYSIWYG" align="absmiddle" border="0" height="16" width="16">
<a href="http://www.wikipatterns.com/display/wikipatterns/Use+WYSIWYG">Use WYSIWYG</a>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div id="outerright">
<div class="patternbox">
<h3 class="antipattern">Adoption Anti-Patterns</h3>
<div class="pad">
<table class="tableview" width="100%">
<tbody><tr>
<td>
<img src="http://www.wikipatterns.com/images/icons/docs_16.gif" title="All wiki all the time" align="absmiddle" border="0" height="16" width="16">
<a href="http://www.wikipatterns.com/display/wikipatterns/All+wiki+all+the+time">All wiki all the time</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<img src="http://www.wikipatterns.com/images/icons/docs_16.gif" title="BeanCounter" align="absmiddle" border="0" height="16" width="16">
<a href="http://www.wikipatterns.com/display/wikipatterns/BeanCounter">BeanCounter</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<img src="http://www.wikipatterns.com/images/icons/docs_16.gif" title="But The Intranet" align="absmiddle" border="0" height="16" width="16">
<a href="http://www.wikipatterns.com/display/wikipatterns/But+The+Intranet">But The Intranet</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<img src="http://www.wikipatterns.com/images/icons/docs_16.gif" title="ContributorForHire" align="absmiddle" border="0" height="16" width="16">
<a href="http://www.wikipatterns.com/display/wikipatterns/ContributorForHire">ContributorForHire</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<img src="http://www.wikipatterns.com/images/icons/docs_16.gif" title="EmptyPages" align="absmiddle" border="0" height="16" width="16">
<a href="http://www.wikipatterns.com/display/wikipatterns/EmptyPages">EmptyPages</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<img src="http://www.wikipatterns.com/images/icons/docs_16.gif" title="Manager Lockdown" align="absmiddle" border="0" height="16" width="16">
<a href="http://www.wikipatterns.com/display/wikipatterns/Manager+Lockdown">Manager Lockdown</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<img src="http://www.wikipatterns.com/images/icons/docs_16.gif" title="OneHammer" align="absmiddle" border="0" height="16" width="16">
<a href="http://www.wikipatterns.com/display/wikipatterns/OneHammer">OneHammer</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
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World economy -- heading towards a crash?
Dick Nichols
The experience of the last round of crises and near-misses (from Mexico's 1994 crash through to the 2001 meltdown of the US ``new economy'' bubble) have made the guardians of the world capitalist economy very wary about the speed with which fair-weather economic and financial market conditions can turn nasty.
As the present economic cycle matures they are determined to address the underlying ``global imbalances'' that might allow financial market crashes to break through into the ``real economy'' — the rates of investment, consumption, growth and employment (see Green Left Weekly #680).
The ballooning US current account deficit (CAD) and the corresponding current account surpluses in the East Asian economies are the immediate concern, but are these are the main illness or imply a symptom of other underlying problems?
From the viewpoint of long-run capitalist development these "imbalances" simply reflect the trend towards increasingly integrated world economy. Within it there's increasingly less reason why the rates of investment and saving-especially of multinational corporations and financial institutions-should be in balance at the level of national economies.
Moreover, the existence of large imbalances (as a rising portion of domestic investment in CAD deficit economies like Australia is funded from savings elsewhere) wouldn't necessarily be a problem-provided a rate of profit high enough to convince the corporations to invest in production went with sufficient demand to absorb output across the system as a whole.
But this is not the case. In the present 25-year phase of rising global economic integration ("globalisation") the trend is not towards convergence of the fundamental variables of economic development, but towards differentiation and contradiction.
First, increasing economic integration would lead to a more uniform world market only if initial differences in productivity among the economic blocs were not so great. But given that the dominant multinational corporations are driven to produce with the cheapest labour qualified for the job, global competition operates as a permanent process of selecting which regions, industries, countries and classes are to be included in their "value chain".
Second, the most important markets for sale of output are still to be found in the advanced capitalist countries-where the greatest part of value added accumulates and wealth and income are highest.
Third, the corporations and financial institutions also make their "speculation decision" and "takeover decision" according to global criteria. The proportion of profits to be devoted to investment in production, in shares, commercial and government bonds and in acquiring existing assets increasingly takes place according to profitability expectations about all asset classes around the world.
As a result, the basic contradiction of capitalism (the need to combine the cheapest possible labour in production with high enough final demand for the sale of output produced) has never operated on such a global scale.
It can only be resolved by aggravating two potentially destabilising forces. As French economist Michel Husson explains: "Within each country, the consumption spending of wage and salary earners is restricted and the financial income of narrow social layers has to serve as a replacement outlet: contemporary capitalism is therefore marked by the intensification of inequalities, and suffers from a permanent loss of legitimacy. At the level of the world economy, contemporary imperialism looks to produce in the low-wage countries and sell elsewhere. The map of capital corresponds less and less to that of national territories."
Australia's two-speed economy is a reflection of this second reality. Western Australia's booming resource-based economy is part of "the Australian economy", but increasingly its rates of investment and growth shadow those in China. The impending closure of Bluescope's Port Kembla factory and the crisis in the vehicle components sector is the other face of this process, which has turned China into the main manufacturing hub of the world as 20 million enter the workforce every year.
However, while the rate of investment can readily exceed the rate of saving within a given national economic space, these imbalances captured by balance of payments statistics can be highly misleading when matched against the value flows driven by the corporations-especially with regard to the Third World economies whose labour they exploit.
China is a dramatic case in point. Take "Chinese exports" for 2005-worth $US 762 billion. Just under 60% was produced by foreign companies or joint ventures, with 22% the work of Chinese state enterprises and the remainder from the Chinese private sector. Likewise with "Chinese imports" for 2005-58.7% accounted for by inputs for foreign companies like electronics and computer manufacturers, 29.9% by state enterprises and 11.4% by others.
What about "China's" 2005 $200 billion trade surplus with the US, the occasion of endless xenophobic sermons from US legislators about the undervalued renminbi? This surplus was largely offset by "China's" $137 billion trade deficit with the rest of Asia, especially Japan, Taiwan and South Korea. This was the direct result of Japanese, Taiwanese and South Korean corporations shifting the labour-intensive assembly phase of production into China (where around only 15% of overall value added in production accumulates).
Given this reality, what effect would the 20%-40% revaluation of the renminbi being demanded by US legislators and patriotic economists have on the real-world "map of capital"? Firstly, it wouldn't just hurt Chinese exporters and Acer and Samsung, but also those US companies that have outsourced their manufacturing to China (even if a higher renminbi would reduce the price of their inputs from the US).
Secondly, US importers of cheap "made in China" consumer goods would be screaming, led by Wal-Mart, the world's biggest non-financial corporation and importer of $15 billion a year in goods from China (more than the whole Australian economy). And what might such a sudden leap in the prices of imported consumer goods do to US inflation and consumer confidence, critical to present world growth rates?
Thirdly, foreign corporations would look around for substitute sources of cheap labour as their sales fell. China's economy would suffer with unpredictable consequences for political stability.
Dangerous growth?
This scenario provides an insight into the unbalanced and potentially fragile underpinnings of today's high world economic growth. By contrast with the period of the post-war boom, it is not the result of generally high rates of investment and productivity growth in the main imperialist centres, but of an extremely high investment rate in China (44.1% of GDP in 2005!) matched by a high rate of consumption and credit growth (and low rate of household saving) in the US. It is accompanied by the high global level of speculative investment analysed in the previous article in this series.
As a result in 2005, year of 4.8% growth, the world economy displayed a very unusual configuration. Since 1980 it has not seen higher CADs, higher oil prices, a lower US personal savings rate and a lower real long-term interest rate (in Europe, Japan and the US). In 2005, US corporations were still saving an enormous 1.3% of GDP (the post-1980 record, 1.9% in 2003), as against their 1980-2004 average of -0.4%.
The most vulnerable variable is US consumption. As the share of wages in total output continues to fall (the general pattern in the advanced capitalist economies) consumption increasingly depends on more intense work effort, spending out of financial income, and rising credit to households (and the asset values on which that is based) . In 2005 "home equity withdrawal"-borrowing against the value of housing-reached a record 8% of personal income.
Hence the rising nervousness in the US about rising oil prices and interest rates and the arrival of the long-feared US housing bust, marked by falling prices and the biggest inventory of unsold homes in 13 years. The worst-case scenario is that of a recession-inducing crash in US consumer spending that is not offset by increases in investment in the US or consumption and/or investment within the other economic blocs.
In this context trying to "cure" the US CAD could readily end up worse than the disease. Is a smaller CAD worth the price of slump, higher US unemployment and increased popular fury with the powers that be? Moreover, the last time the US achieved CAD "adjustment"-at the end of the 1982-1991 business cycle when it narrowed to 0.8% (from 3.4% of GDP in 1987)-growth in the other main advanced capitalist economies slowed from 5.3% to 2.2% and from 5.2% to 2.5% in the rest of the world.
Solutions?
Such is the minefield on which any plan to "unwind global imbalances" without triggering recession has to tread. Given global economic interdependence such packages have to be multilateral and have been summarised by the IMF in its September 2005 World Economic Outlook and the Bank for International Settlements in its latest annual report.
" The US and other CAD countries must increase their national savings rates, mainly by eliminating the federal budget deficit as quickly as possible
" In the Asian economies, especially China, exchange rates must be allowed to appreciate and investment rates increased and savings rates reduced; and
" In the euro area and Japan product and labour market competition and flexibility must be boosted to allow faster growth without risking inflation.
It would be a brave punter who would bet serious money that this recipe for a global "soft landing" will work, for economic reasons but also because of vested imperialist interests and national political conflicts.
For the US, given the small weight of exports in total output, even a small reduction of the CAD requires a big devaluation. To date the gradual devaluation of the dollar since 2002 has been more than offset by the rate of fall in manufactured import prices. But a higher rate of depreciation would increase the risk of a destabilising flight from dollar assets.
Attacking the savings-investment imbalance directly by adding to government savings means reduced spending and/or increased taxes. This road to "fiscal balance" is littered with potential for political struggle and crisis-fights over a consumption tax and health and social security system funding being the main ones.
In Asia, there's a huge gap between how much Asian policymakers are prepared to allow their currencies to appreciate (generally below 5% against the dollar) and the numbers being aired by economists posing an "optimal rebalancing". For example, US economist William Kline's ideal scenario would see the renminbi appreciate by 43%,the yen by 62% and the Venezuelan bolivar by 73%!
Just as fraught is convincing East Asia's capitalists to run the risk of the sort of overinvestment that produced the 1997-98 crash, attracting foreign investment when Asian currencies are likely to appreciate, and persuading Asian governments to reduce their budget surpluses (that is, their room to manoeuvre in case of recession).
In "Euroland" the main obstacle is what the IMF politely calls "reform fatigue"-spectacularly demonstrated in April by the successful French revolt against laws that would have made it easier for young workers to be sacked, but also by slow progress in dismantling barriers to an integrated European economy.
All of which helps explains why, despite the huge furore about global imbalances and increasingly impatient IMF urging, there's so little sign of action in the rival imperialist centres. The incentives for the main players to go along with the status quo are very strong, especially when there's no way any one of the major economies can begin adjustment without first incurring pain at home. Much easier to demand that virtue begin elsewhere-so far the big players give full support to the IMF agenda except for the little bit that applies to themselves.
The underlying reality is that of interimperialist competition. IMF and BIS recipes may represent the best treatment for capitalism as a global system, but they entail the "restructuring" of the least efficient producers and the sacrifice of hard-won areas of competitive advantage (e.g., Asian-based exports) in the name of the dubious benefits of "global balance".
Conclusion
So is the global economy headed towards Armageddon? That vision, which has its supporters on the left, is too categorical. Yes, it would be silly to rule out abrupt readjustment and recession (the "bang" scenario) when the main capitalist agencies worry so much about it. Also, asset-price collapse and recession are more of a possibility in those smaller CAD economies that have most depended on high real interest rates to attract short-term inflows (for example, New Zealand). However, it's also mistaken to rule out the possibility of a soft landing (the "whimper" scenario), or semi-crashes where even big financial market meltdowns are countered by rapid loosening of monetary and fiscal policy (the "bang-whimper" scenario).
As always, important to the final outcome will be what happens to corporate investment in the main blocs. The longer this is retarded (i.e., the more growth depends on the present configuration of US-based demand plus Chinese investment) the greater the possibility of crash. However, if investment picks up in the US and Europe and the Japanese recovery finally takes hold, a rebalancing of global growth can't be ruled out.
In the end those socialists who are certain they know the trajectory of world economy should make a beeline for the nearest hedge fund. But betting on Armageddons or soft landings is not a serious course of action if we want to use the actual shifts of world and national economies to take the anti-capitalist struggle forward as best we can.
Surely the key point to grasp is that the system's chance of shock-proofing itself depends most critically on two points: inflicting ongoing defeats on working people through imposing the recipes of neo-liberalism, and deluding workers that their problems are generated by workers elsewhere.
The more working people resist that double bind, the more unstable global capitalism will be, the greater the stress levels of its policymakers and the greater the chances for abrupt "adjustment. But the greater, too, the potential to convince millions of its horrendous illegitimacy and the need to struggle for the socialist, human-centred, alternative.
[Dick Nichols is the managing editor of Seeing Red. For sources used in this article contact <dicknichols@greenleft.org.au>. Previous articles in this series appeared in GLW #671, #672, #674 and #680.]
From: Archives, Green Left Weekly issue #684 20 September 2006.
From: Archives
GLW issue #684 - 20 September 2006:
World economy in crisis - The financial panic: where are we now?
By Mick Brooks The upswing since 2001 has been one of the most lopsided in the history of capitalism. It has been powered by the American consumer, referred to by some economists as ‘the consumer of last resort,’ so important are they conceived to be to the functioning of the world economy. Though comprising less than 5% of the world’s people American consumers’ demand has been responsible for an incredible 19% of the growth of the world economy in recent years. How is this possible? After all American workers’ incomes (and most American consumers have to work for a living) have not risen in real terms for three decades. Yet they have more money in their pockets to spend, and to buoy up a world economy of six billion souls in the process. The answer to this question is because of what is called the wealth effect. House prices have been going up so Americans have felt richer. Consumers have been able to borrow against the rising value of their houses. In effect they have been using their homes as ATMs, spending like there’s no tomorrow. Now tomorrow has arrived.
I’m forever blowing bubbles
For years Socialist Appeal has warned that the rising price of real estate in Britain, the USA and other advanced capitalist countries is a classic bubble. House prices have more than doubled in Britain and the States over the last ten years for no real reason - that is no reason founded in the real economy. A bubble means that prices are going up because people are buying; and people are buying because prices are going up. Figure that out! Bubbles can burst. When bubbles burst, prices fall because people are selling; and people are selling because prices are falling. That is what is happening now - in Britain, Ireland, Spain and most of all in the USA. House prices have already fallen by 8% from their peak in the States. A speculative boom produces its own illusions. The most dangerous words in economic prediction are ‘this time it’s different.’ That’s what they were saying in 1929 before the Wall Street stock exchange crash. Read any reputable history, such as the chapter ‘In Goldman, Sachs we trust’ in Galbraith’s The Great Crash 1929, to recognise the same smug complacency we encounter now. They were saying it in 2000 before the dot.com dive when the ‘new economy’ shares went down. They were probably saying ‘this time it’s different’ in Holland in the 1630s at the height of tulipomania. The dot.com collapse in 2000 is interesting since it shows how ‘contagion’, once it has taken hold, can wreak damage far beyond its real significance to the economy. Actually IT shares were worth only 6% of the total but their collapse sent waves of fear through finance capital, and share prices as a whole halved over three years. It is argued that the share crash was the trigger for the US recession in 2001. Houses are more important to capitalism than IT shares, affecting 72% of the US economy. So who knows what will happen now the bubble has burst? Everyone now knows that it was stupid to pay more for a tulip bulb than a farm, as people did in the 1630s. But as long as you can sell the tulip on to ‘the greater fool’ for more than you paid for it, what’s the problem? Why is it any less stupid to treat a house as an appreciating asset rather than bricks and mortar to keep the rain off your head?
Sub-prime world
But the story gets murkier. People buy houses on tick, by taking out mortgages. In the States the financiers have been hurling mortgages at people with no income, no job and no assets. They have left the problem to be sorted out by ‘the greater fool’, just as the speculators did in 1929. But there’s something new in the financial firmament. Money men talk about financial innovation. What on earth do they mean? The process is called securitisation, an ugly expression. It means your mortgage and a lot of other liabilities will be bundled up onto a piece of paper and sold on as an asset. After all you ought to be paying back your mortgage over twenty years or whatever. So what for you is a financial liability can be an asset for someone else, providing them with a steady income stream. Instead of a mortgage sitting in the bank, as most people expect to happen, they have been bundled up and sold on as financial instruments. They’re called structured investment vehicles (SIVs). They are passed from hand to hand. Because they count as a financial asset, they will usually end up in the vaults of a financial institution and used as backing for a further round of lending. There’s just one fly in the ointment. The SIV’s a financial asset (it’s worth something to someone else) just as long as you keep up the payments on the mortgage. But mortgages were handed out to people who could not possibly pay back. These are known as sub-prime mortgages. And through the ‘sophisticated’ financial system these toxic little packages have been passed all round the world. How bad is the sub-prime mortgage crisis? Nobody has any idea. Ben Bernanke, head of the Fed, the US Central Bank, reckons there may be $150 billion of dodgy debts floating around out there. Others fear it’s more like $400 billion. So some bits of paper are actually worthless, but nobody knows to look at them which are any good and which are not.
Credit crunch hits Northern Rock
This in turn has caused the credit crunch. Financial institutions have become very reluctant to lend to each other in case they get caught out with a worthless piece of paper. So, if they do lend to other banks, they demand a much bigger risk premium than they wanted a few months ago. Libor (the London Inter-Bank Offered Rate) was regarded as an obscure piece of bankers’ jargon a few months ago. Now it has soared, and we realise how important it is. Formerly it was controlled by Official Bank Rate, as it is now called - the rate at which the Bank of England lends to commercial banks. In this way the Bank of England could control interest rates throughout the economy. Now Libor is out of control, and so is economy, so far as the Bank of England is concerned. The financial panic may sound esoteric, but it will have real effects on the real living standards of real people. And it could really hurt. The first victim of the credit crunch in Britain was Northern Rock, or rather its investors. So far as we know the Rock didn’t have a single sub-prime mortgage on its books. But its business plan was to borrow from financial institutions in order to lend to house buyers. In banking parlance, this is called borrowing short (running out every three months to roll over the loan) and lending long (for twenty years or so). It’s risky. And suddenly the financial institutions stopped playing ball with Northern Rock. So we saw the first run on a bank in Britain since the 1860s.
Blowback on Britain
We haven’t really felt the pain here yet. But 130,000 are likely to declare bankruptcy or surrender their financial affairs to an Individual Voluntary Agreement this year, up from 111,000 last year. New mortgage approvals are down by 44%. That means housebuilding will take a hit. And 2008 is a year when millions of fixed rate mortgages are due to be reassessed. All the signs are set to stormy. And there is no reason to suppose the American financiers were uniquely unscrupulous in lending to people who couldn’t repay. A Panorama programme recorded the sordid tale of operators from call centres who target postal districts where economic distress is widespread and carefully groom potential suckers to take out sub-prime mortgages, and pocket their bonus for doing so. The real extent of British sub-prime mortgages is yet to be revealed. Is the iceberg £15 billion or £150 billion?
Bankers in pain!
The pain is hurting all over the world. Billions have been written off by the banks. Just to take two examples. US bank Merrill Lynch has admitted to losing between $8 and $12 billion. HSBC has writen off $10.5 billion in the States. We don’t know how far the panic will spread. Marx pointed out that under capitalism we are all tied up together in a vast global division of labour. But the division of labour imposed by the law of value is like the force of gravity. We don’t know it exists till the house falls down about our ears. House prices have already fallen in the US, in Ireland and Spain, and they’re beginning to fall in Britain. They have further to fall. The crash in house prices has already brought a halt to the construction industry in the States, with knock-on effects on the manufacturers of building supplies and other reverberations throughout the economy. Repossessions will impoverish millions of people. Unemployed workers cut back on their spending, so yet more people find themselves out of a job. And the daisy chain of credit has decisively snapped. The central Banks of the world are on the case. In December they made $110 billion available to the commercial banks on account of the credit crunch. But it’s the old question for bankers: is it a liquidity crisis (a temporary cash flow problem)? Or is it a solvency crisis (more liabilities than assets - in which case you’ll be headed for the Poorhouse? At the moment nobody knows what it is. If it’s a liquidity crisis, and the central banks know what they’re doing then they should be able to sort it out eventually. They can identify the toxic packages with sub-prime mortgages in them over time, gradually ease them out of the financial system and ‘recapitalise’ it. But if there are too non-performing SIVs, then they have a solvency crisis - and so do the rest of us. Then it is inevitable that part of the financial edifice will slide into the abyss with huge consequences for the capitalist system. Even if they sort it for now, what will they have achieved? Ian Harwood, economist at Dresdener Kleinwort, explains that previous action to stave off the dot.com crash simply replaced the bubble in the stock market at the end of the 1990s with a bubble in the housing market. “We never did have a recession in the 2000s because everyone went on to party again,” he says. We can’t party for ever.
End of the line
Since the last recession in 2001 the world economy has been growing faster than any time since the golden years of the post-War boom from 1948-74, at about 5%. You wouldn’t know that in Britain. Our economy has been booming quite fast by its own miserable standards, at 2.8% last year. The trend rate of growth for British capitalism is reckoned at about 2¼ %. The extra spurt in recent years is probably provided by mass migration, particularly from eastern Europe. The US, Japanese and western European economies have also not been performing any faster than usual in recent years. But the reason for the fast growth worldwide is because of the supercharged performance of the ‘emerging economies’ Last year China grew at an incredible 11% a year, India at 9% and Russia at 7%.
The USA
The USA is forecast to grow at 2% or even less in 2008. And that projection takes no account of the fall-out from the sub-prime mortgage crisis. So we don’t know what the real growth figure will be, but it will be lower. Now even a growth rate of 2% is not enough to prevent unemployment rising. Whatever happens, America will be in a ‘growth recession.’ And that is the most favourable possibility! One thing is for sure. No longer can American consumers provide a market for the whole world by spending money they haven’t got on the basis of soaring paper prices for their homes. The US has been running a deficit with other countries of about 6% of its national income. That means for every $100 they earn at home Americans spend $106. They buy twice as much from foreigners as foreigners buy from them. How do they get away with it? Foreigners lend them the money to buy their goods. Think about it. If I keep lending you money, you can keep on buying my goods. Clearly this can’t go on! In particular the Chinese have been running a huge surplus with the USA. When the Chinese earn all these extra dollars, they use them to buy US Treasury Bills, thus recycling their purchasing power back into America. The USA is a mass of contradictions. As a result, the world economy is as unbalanced as a wonky old bike. Not only have US consumers been having a free lunch at the expense of the rest of the world for the past few years, but the government has been spending money it hasn’t got like there’s no tomorrow. Not only have Americans notched up record debts with the rest of the world, but their government has ratcheted up a national debt of £4.4 trillion. This is set to rise to £4.8 trn, which George W. Bush will leave to the American people as a little farewell gift when he leaves office. And that debt will swallow up more and more interest payments. Bush has been inspired by the economic policies of Ronald Reagan, policies that Bush’s own father correctly denounced as voodoo economics in the 1980s. Rather than balancing the budget, Bush junior’s strategy has been to let rip, not on social projects but on arms spending and tax handouts to the rich. So Americans have simply stopped saving. Instead they let the rest of the world do it for them. This is a clear sign that the period of US hegemony in the world economy is drawing to a close.
The dollar takes a dive
Given the parlous state of the US balance of payments, it’s a wonder the dollar has stayed up so long. But now it’s on its way down. And foreigners will dump it if they think it will no longer act as a store of value. So that’ll make the collapse worse. It is argued that a cheaper dollar, and cheaper US exports, are just what the doctor ordered for the American economy. That is how the price mechanism is supposed to work after all. But imports into the USA will become more expensive. That will appear to consumers as inflation, hurting Americans’ standard of living. The Fed could stop the dollar’s fall by nailing it to its perch with sky-high interest rates like a dead parrot. But Americans wouldn’t like that either since higher interest rates would radiate throughout the economy. Now it’s true that the condition of capitalism means that US consumers need to cure their addiction to debt, but that would really be going cold turkey. Whatever happens, 2008 is not going to be pleasant for the American people
Decoupling?
Decoupling is the latest economic buzzword. All economists realise that the whole world economy can’t be powered by US consumption any more. So they’re looking to a different world champion. In 2006 India, China and Russia were responsible for a half of all the world’s growth. Some argue that, since China and India are developing so fast, they can pull the rest of the world behind them. This raises the question: are these ‘emerging economies’ dependent on growth in the rest of the world or are they an independent factor in global economic growth? Can they decouple? Certainly the International Monetary Fund realises that in the case of eastern Europe, its relatively rapid growth rate of 5% in 2006 (from a starting point of complete economic collapse with the collapse of Stalinism) is dependent on exports to western Europe. “The Directors welcomed the strong growth in emerging Europe, noting that its expansion is likely to moderate in 2007 in response to the slower growth in western Europe” (Spillovers and cycles in the global economy: world economic outlook April 2007 p. 195). The IMF also understands that the growth in Russia is entirely dependent on soaring commodity prices, particularly now oil has hit $100 per barrel.
China
But what about China, a land of 1.3 billion people? China now produces 26% of the world’s steel; by comparison Europe manufactures less than 20% and the USA less than 10%. China’s explosive growth has made it the second biggest importer of oil. All over the world commodity prices are bouncing up and producer countries are booming because of Chinese demand. China is actually the third biggest trading economy in the world. Its extraordinary rates of growth are export-led. For ‘developing Asia’ as a whole more than 45% of growth is accounted for by exports now compared with less than 20% in 1980. By comparison, over the same period, the role of domestic consumption in stimulating development fell from 67% to 50%. This suggests that these nations are still dependent on demand from the advanced capitalist countries. Economists have pointed to the expansion of inter-regional trade in east Asia, where countries like Japan and Korea supply more capital-intensive goods for China to make consumer goods for esport. In fact the whole of east Asia is like a vast factory with a division of labour between countries in the way a factorty has different plants. But the whole effort acted as a supply chain where the end of the chain was the Amercian consumer. That period has now come decisively to an end. The dropping away of US demand for Chinese goods will not cause recession in China. Domestic demand will ensure that the economic continues to grow rapidly, perhaps at 8%. But China is at present dependent on the world economy for its export-led growth. It can maintain the demand for raw materials in the countries that produce them, but its imports cannot sustain output growth in the advanced countries that remain the heartland of capitalism. The Asian Development Bank agrees with us. It can find ‘no evidence’ of decoupling.
Oil
It is the demand from China and other ‘emerging economies’ that is powering the price of commodities, in particular oil, upwards. Rising food prices are already causing hardship to the poor and riots in poor countries. Oil is now hitting $100 a barrel. The oil price hike is going to hurt all the oil-consuming countries, which is nearly everyone. The worst recessions since the Second World War were in 1974 and 1979. They were the worst because they coincided with sharp oil price rises. The 1970s was a decade of ‘stagflation,’ of mass unemployment plus inflation. As readers must have noticed - inflation is raising its ugly head again. Policy makers are confronted with a dilemma. Should they fight inflation with higher interest rates and so make the recession worse? Or try to ease the recession and so feed inflation? Whatever the immediate outcome of this financial crisis, the world is entering a new and immensely unstable period. Welcome to a world of capitalist crisis! This crisis can only be understood with Marxist analysis. It can only be overcome with Marxist solutions.
bush, credite Crisis, Neoliberalism, nyliberalism, Free trade, frihandel, Financial Crisis, Structural Crisis, USA economy, Clinton,
This entry was posted on mars 12, 2008 at 4:14 pm and is filed under Blogroll med taggar Bush, CLINTON, credite Crisis, Financial Crisis, Free trade, frihandel, Neoliberalism, nyliberalism, Structural Crisis, USA economy. You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0 feed You can leave a response, or trackback from your own site.
Source: [[World economy in crisis - The financial panic: where are we now? « Counterfire blogg|http://xkorpion.wordpress.com/2008/03/12/world-economy-in-crisis-the-financial-panic-where-are-we-now/]]
omy-in-crisis-the-financial-panic-where-are-we-now/]]
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<h1>The <a href="http://www.xtracycle.com" target="right">Xtracycle</a> <font size="-6"> <br><a href="http://www.rideyourbike.com/home.html" target="right">Go to the ABR home page.</a></font></h1>
<p><img src="http://www.rideyourbike.com/images/customers/xtracyclerize.jpg" height="225" vspace="20" width="800">
</p><p><b>Xtracycles that Aaron's Bicycle Repair stocks
<br><a href="http://www.rideyourbike.com/basicxtracycle.html" target="right">Basic</a>
<br><a href="http://www.rideyourbike.com/deluxextracycle.html" target="right">Deluxe</a>
<br><a href="http://www.rideyourbike.com/bigdummy.html" target="right">Big Dummy</a>
</b></p><p><b><img src="http://www.rideyourbike.com/images/xtracycle/gypsierides.jpg">
</b></p><p><b><a href="http://kipchoge.com" target="right">Kipchoge & The Ginger Ninjas</a>
<br><a href="http://kipchoge.com/wordpress" target="right">The Pleasant Revolution</a>
</b></p><p><b>Past Cargo Bike Rides:
</b></p><p><b><a href="http://www.rideyourbike.com/xtracycleride.html" target="right">Summer Potluck Party</a>
<br><a href="http://www.rideyourbike.com/xtracycleride2.html" target="right">Labor Day BBQ</a>
<br><a href="http://www.rideyourbike.com/xtracycleride3.html" target="right">November Coffee</a>
<br><a href="http://www.rideyourbike.com/xtracycleride4.html" target="right">New Years Day 2006</a>
<br><a href="http://www.rideyourbike.com/xtracycleride5.html" target="right">Independence Day 2006</a>
<br><a href="http://www.rideyourbike.com/xtracycleride6.html" target="right">Kipchoge & Eco Concert & Visit 2006</a>
<br><a href="http://www.rideyourbike.com/xtracycleride8.html" target="right">Cargo Bike Jamboree 2007</a>
<br><a href="http://www.rideyourbike.com/xtracycleride9.html" target="right">A Family Haulin' 4th 2007</a>
<br><a href="http://www.rideyourbike.com/xtracycleride10.html" target="right">Bakfiets to the Future Ride 2007</a>
<br><a href="http://www.rideyourbike.com/xtracycleride11.html" target="right">Hot Stuff Cargo Ride 2007</a>
<br><a href="http://www.rideyourbike.com/xtracycleride12.html" target="right">Opening Day Ride 2008</a>
<br><a href="http://www.rideyourbike.com/cargoride13.html" target="right">Easter Sunday Ride 2008</a>
</b></p><p><b><a href="http://www.rideyourbike.com/gypsiehurt.html" target="right">Gypsie's New Xtracycle</a>
</b></p><p align="justify"><b><b>The Free Radical (Xtracyle attachment)
is a kind of hitchless bicycle trailer. It converts your existing bike
into a cargo hauling machine. It is more manuverable and more fun to
ride than using a trailer. This product holds one of the keys to
helping humanity move away from our dependance on oil while having a
blast! </b></b></p><p><b><b>If you are thinking of hauling cargo read <a href="http://sfbike.org/download/resources/schlep_by_bike.pdf" target="right">this brochure</a> from the SF Bike Coalition.
</b></b></p><p><b><b><a href="http://www.rideyourbike.com/xtracyclespecsheet.html" target="right">Suggested Parts List</a></b></b></p></center>
<p><b><b><a href="http://www.rideyourbike.com/baw2002.html#xtracycledonation" target="right">Check out the one</a> we donated to the Bicycle Alliance of Washington's 2002 <a href="http://www.rideyourbike.com/baw2002.html" target="right">Auction</a>. We also donated one to Bike Works for their 2005 Fundraising Auction.
</b></b></p><p align="justify"><b><b>If you already own an Xtracycle then please join the Yahoo group <a href="http://groups.yahoo.com/group/rootsradicals" target="right">Roots Radicals</a> where we can share ideas.
<br>Our friend Todd at <a href="http://www.clevercycles.com" target="right">Clever Cycles</a> built an integrated Bike/Free Radical called the <a href="http://todd.cleverchimp.com/bike/xt/xtravois-Pages/Image14.html" target="right">Xtravois</a>. He also markets an electric assist motor called the <a href="http://cleverchimp.com" target="right">Stokemonkey</a>. Aaron, Gypsie and Braxton visited Todd in Portland in May of 2005. <a href="http://www.rideyourbike.com/xtracycleportlandtrip.html" target="right">Here are the Pictures of the Trip.</a> We did not use a car at all! Another cool product that goes reallly with the Xtracycle is the Down Low Glow from <a href="http://www.rockthebike.com" target="right">Rock The Bike</a> formerly Fossil Fool.
</b></b></p><p align="justify"><b><b><a href="http://www.bottomsiders.com" target="right">BottomSiders</a>
in Hoquiam, Washington is the place that makes the custom rear pads.
They are by far the most comfortable pad made for the Snap-Deck. They
are waterproof, durable and have a very nice memory foam. If you plan
on hauling kids (or adults!), you owe it to their butts to get one!
</b></b></p><p><b><b><img src="http://www.rideyourbike.com/images/xtracycle/bottomsiderpad.jpg">
<br>This one is green. Gypsie has a white one with a red pin-stripe and
Aaron has a blue one with a yellow pin-stripe. Stop by the shop and sit
your butt on it!
</b></b></p><hr>
<p><b><b><br>
</b></b></p><p><b><b><a href="http://www.xtracycle.com" target="right"><img src="http://www.rideyourbike.com/images/animalxtracycle.jpg" alt="Xtracycle" align="left" border="0" height="200" hspace="20" vspace="20" width="400"></a><a href="http://www.rideyourbike.com/rental.html" target="right"><img src="http://www.rideyourbike.com/images/xtracyclenewproduct.jpg" alt="ABR Xtracycle" border="0"></a>
</b></b></p><p align="justify"><b><b>The Xtracycle is by far the most
useful bike product to come out in years. You can carry just about
anything, even people! Think of it as a bicycle pick-up truck. Hauling
groceries is EASY, 6 Bags no problem!
</b></b></p><p align="justify"><b><b>The attachment fits most 26"
mountain bikes (or 700C bikes with brake adaptor). The Free Radical Kit
comes with all that is needed (cables, chain, etc.) to attach to most
any 7 or 8 speed (in the rear) drivetrain bike with linear pull (V)
brakes. Bikes with 5 or 6 speeds in the rear will need some
modification or upgrades and 9 speed bikes will need a different chain
than comes with the kit.. Older bikes might need a new rear brake as
the Free Radical only works with V-Brakes or Disc Brakes. V-brakes with
an adaptor will work with most standard old brake levers.
</b></b></p><p align="justify"><b><b>Come see it for yourself at the shop. We now have one in our <a href="http://www.rideyourbike.com/rental.html" target="right">rental</a> fleet for you to test out. Test rides are free!
</b></b></p><p><b><b>Do you find your Xtracycle hard to load large
packages or lumber? You need a center stand. Val Kleitz, former owner
of The Bikesmith, has invented one. Call us to order! or email <a target="_blank" href="https://mail.google.com/mail?view=cm&tf=0&ui=1&to=val@rideyourbike.com">val@RideYourBike.com</a>
</b></b></p><center>
<p><b><b><img src="http://www.rideyourbike.com/images/xtracyclecenterstand.jpg" height="330" width="600">
<br>Each one custom made by <a href="http://www.rideyourbike.com/valsbio.html" target="right">Val Kleitz</a>
</b></b></p><hr>
<p><b><b><img src="http://www.rideyourbike.com/images/xtracycle/supermonkey.jpg">
<br>Xtracycle Super Monkey
</b></b></p><hr>
<p><b><b><img src="http://www.rideyourbike.com/images/xtracycle/portlandtrip/xtracycleportlandtrip1.jpg">
</b></b></p><p><b><b><img src="http://www.rideyourbike.com/images/xtracycle/portlandtrip/xtracycleportlandtrip2.jpg">
</b></b></p><p><b><b><img src="http://www.rideyourbike.com/images/xtracycle/portlandtrip/xtracycleonbus.jpg">
<br>It is possible to put your Xtracycle on the bus.
</b></b></p><hr>
<hr><h1><b><b>Xtracyclers:</b></b></h1>
<p><b><b><img src="http://www.rideyourbike.com/images/customers/bigdummyforrest.jpg">
<br>Forrest's Big Dummy
</b></b></p><hr>
<p><b><b><img src="http://www.rideyourbike.com/images/customers/jimmccaaxtracycle.jpg">
<br>Jim McCaa
</b></b></p><hr>
<p><b><b><img src="http://www.rideyourbike.com/images/customers/ericsoderlundxtracycle.jpg" height="581" width="800">
<br>Eric Soderlund
</b></b></p><hr>
<p><b><b><img src="http://www.rideyourbike.com/images/customers/vernhenleyxtracycle.jpg" height="370" width="500">
<br>Vern Henley
</b></b></p><hr>
<p><b><b><img src="http://www.rideyourbike.com/images/customers/shaulamassenaxtracycle.jpg" height="393" width="500">
<br>Example of a 700C hybrid bike converted. <br>26" wheels are recommended for larger loads because they are stronger.
</b></b></p><hr>
<p><b><b><img src="http://www.rideyourbike.com/images/customers/aaronKHSxtracycle.jpg" height="399" width="500">
<br>Aaron Goss
</b></b></p><hr>
<p><b><b><img src="http://www.rideyourbike.com/images/customers/johnlivengoodxtracycle.jpg" height="393" width="500">
<br>John Livengood
</b></b></p><hr>
<p><b><b><img src="http://www.rideyourbike.com/images/customers/pennystonextracycle.jpg" height="399" width="500">
<br>Penny Stone
</b></b></p><hr>
<p><b><b><img src="http://www.rideyourbike.com/images/customers/morganschererxtracycle.jpg" height="423" width="500">
<br>Morgan Scherer
</b></b></p><hr>
<p><b><b><img src="http://www.rideyourbike.com/images/customers/greggsundinxtracycle.jpg" height="563" width="500">
<br>Gregg Sundin
</b></b></p><hr>
<p><b><b><img src="http://www.rideyourbike.com/images/customers/barryshumanxtracycle.jpg" height="388" width="500">
<br>Barry Shuman
</b></b></p><hr>
<p><b><b><img src="http://www.rideyourbike.com/images/customers/tomzgoncxtracycle.jpg" height="416" width="500">
<br>Tom Zgonc
</b></b></p><hr>
<p><b><b><img src="http://www.rideyourbike.com/images/customers/nateboxerxtracycle.jpg" height="398" width="500">
<br>Nate Boxer
</b></b></p><hr>
<p><b><b><img src="http://www.rideyourbike.com/images/customers/gypsiegossxtracycle1.jpg">
</b></b></p><p><b><b><img src="http://www.rideyourbike.com/images/customers/gypsiegossxtracycle2.jpg">
</b></b></p><p><b><b><img src="http://www.rideyourbike.com/images/customers/gypsiegossxtracycle3.jpg">
</b></b></p><p><b><b><img src="http://www.rideyourbike.com/images/customers/gypsiegossxtracycle4.jpg">
<br>Gypsie Goss
</b></b></p><hr>
<p><b><b><img src="http://www.rideyourbike.com/images/customers/morganfriedlandxtracycle.jpg" height="417" width="500">
<br>Morgan Friedland
</b></b></p><hr>
<p><b><b><img src="http://www.rideyourbike.com/images/customers/ethanhuggxtracycle.jpg" height="439" width="500">
<br>Ethan Hugg
</b></b></p><hr>
<p><b><b><img src="http://www.rideyourbike.com/images/customers/davidnewellxtracycle.jpg" height="472" width="500">
<br>David Newell
</b></b></p><hr>
<p><b><b><img src="http://www.rideyourbike.com/images/customers/sawyerhoverterxtracycle.jpg">
<br>Sawyer Hoverter
</b></b></p><hr>
<p><b><b><img src="http://www.rideyourbike.com/images/customers/seanmacleanxtracycle.jpg" height="411" width="500">
<br>Sean MacLean
</b></b></p><hr>
<p><b><b><img src="http://www.rideyourbike.com/images/customers/tacybigelowxtracycle.jpg" height="405" width="500">
<br>Tacy Bigelow
</b></b></p><hr>
<p><b><b><img src="http://www.rideyourbike.com/images/fixedxtracycle.jpg">
<br>Aaron's Fixed Xtracycle Quick-Release Convertable
</b></b></p><hr>
<p><b><b><img src="http://www.rideyourbike.com/images/customers/petermasonxtracycle.jpg" height="394" width="500">
<br>Peter Mason
</b></b></p><hr>
<p><b><b><img src="http://www.rideyourbike.com/images/customers/tomahearnxtracycle.jpg" height="420" width="500">
</b></b></p><p><b><b><img src="http://www.rideyourbike.com/images/customers/tomahearnxtracycle2.jpg" height="410" width="500">
<br>Tom Ahearn
</b></b></p><hr>
<p><b><b><img src="http://www.rideyourbike.com/images/customers/davidfittonxtracycle.jpg" height="399" width="500">
<br>David Fitton
</b></b></p><hr>
<p><b><b><img src="http://www.rideyourbike.com/images/customers/rocooperxtracycle.jpg" height="375" width="500"><img src="http://www.rideyourbike.com/images/customers/redsnapdeck.jpg" height="176" width="300">
<br>Ro Cooper
</b></b></p><hr>
<p><b><b><img src="http://www.rideyourbike.com/images/customers/cynsbike.jpg" height="274" width="800">
<br>Cyn and Mike's new "Car"
</b></b></p><hr>
<p><b><b><img src="http://www.rideyourbike.com/images/customers/mikeodonnellxtracycle.jpg" height="419" width="500">
<br>Mike O'Donnell
</b></b></p><hr>
<p><b><b><img src="http://www.rideyourbike.com/images/customers/gerryjonesxtracycle.jpg" height="377" width="500">
<br>Gerry Jones
</b></b></p><hr>
<h1><b><b>Things we have hauled:</b></b></h1>
<p><b><b><img src="http://www.rideyourbike.com/images/xtracycle/craftsman.jpg">
</b></b></p><p><b><b><img src="http://www.rideyourbike.com/images/xtracycle/parked.jpg">
<br>Craftsman Roll-Away
</b></b></p><p><b><b><br>
</b></b></p><p><b><b><img src="http://www.rideyourbike.com/images/xtracycle/aaron4x6.jpg" height="407" width="500">
<br>Hauling a 4 x 6
</b></b></p><hr>
<p><b><b><img src="http://www.rideyourbike.com/images/lemonadestandload.jpg" height="342" width="400">
<br>Braxton's Lemonade Stand.
</b></b></p><p><b><b><br>
</b></b></p><p><b><b><img src="http://www.rideyourbike.com/images/captainamericaload.jpg" height="300" width="400">
<br>Captain America road bike.
</b></b></p><p><b><b><br>
</b></b></p><p><b><b><img src="http://www.rideyourbike.com/images/valframeload.jpg" height="300" width="400">
<br>Bunch of bike frames.
</b></b></p><p><b><b><br>
<img src="http://www.rideyourbike.com/images/cardboardload.jpg" height="322" width="433">
<br>185 pounds of cardboard recycling to the transfer station.
</b></b></p><p><b><b><br>
</b></b></p><p><b><b><img src="http://www.rideyourbike.com/images/vaccumeload.jpg" height="332" width="400">
<br>Vacuum and other stuff.
</b></b></p><p><b><b><br>
</b></b></p><p><b><b><img src="http://www.rideyourbike.com/images/valtelescopecaseload.jpg" height="332" width="400">
<br>Telescope in a case.
</b></b></p><p><b><b><br>
</b></b></p><p><b><b><img src="http://www.rideyourbike.com/images/valtelescopecaseload2.jpg" height="349" width="400">
<br>Case with a telescope.
</b></b></p><p><b><b><br>
</b></b></p><p><b><b><img src="http://www.rideyourbike.com/images/haulmountainbikeonxtracycle.jpg" height="254" width="400">
<br>Tow a montain bike.
</b></b></p><p><b><b><br>
</b></b></p><p><b><b><img src="http://www.rideyourbike.com/images/haulawningonxtracycle.jpg" height="273" width="400">
<br>A 10' x 10' pop-up tent and other gear.
</b></b></p><p><b><b><br>
</b></b></p><p><b><b><img src="http://www.rideyourbike.com/images/haulcartireonxtracycle.jpg" height="326" width="400">
<br>A car's spare flat tire.
</b></b></p><p><b><b><br>
</b></b></p><p><b><b><img src="http://www.rideyourbike.com/images/babyseatcloseup.jpg" height="373" width="400">
<br>Close-up of car seat.
</b></b></p><p><b><b><br>
</b></b></p><p><b><b><img src="http://www.rideyourbike.com/images/babyonback.jpg" height="329" width="400">
<br>A kid in a modified car seat.
</b></b></p><p><b><b><br>
</b></b></p><p><b><b><img src="http://www.rideyourbike.com/images/traileronxtracycle.jpg" height="235" width="400">
<br>A kid trailer (Burley brand).
</b></b></p><p><b><b><br>
</b></b></p><p><b><b><img src="http://www.rideyourbike.com/images/hitchdetail.jpg" height="222" width="400">
<br>Custom hitch detail.
</b></b></p><p><b><b><br>
</b></b></p><p><b><b><img src="http://www.rideyourbike.com/images/8footcopperpipe.jpg" height="272" width="400">
<br>An 8 foot copper pipe.
</b></b></p><p><b><b><br>
</b></b></p><p><b><b><img src="http://www.rideyourbike.com/images/luggage.jpg" height="427" width="400">
<br>Luggage.
</b></b></p><p><b><b><br>
</b></b></p><p><b><b><img src="http://www.rideyourbike.com/images/bookcase.jpg" height="216" width="400">
<br>A bookshelf.
</b></b></p><p><b><b><br>
</b></b></p><p><b><b><img src="http://www.rideyourbike.com/images/oldschwinnonxtracycle.jpg" height="170" width="400">
<br>An old Schwinn.
</b></b></p><p><b><b><br>
</b></b></p><p><b><b><img src="http://www.rideyourbike.com/images/computeronxtracycle.jpg" height="223" width="400">
<br>A computer tower.
</b></b></p><p><b><b><br>
</b></b></p><p><b><b><img src="http://www.rideyourbike.com/images/woodencrate.jpg" height="272" width="400">
<br>LARGE wooden crate.
</b></b></p><p><b><b><br>
</b></b></p><p><b><b><img src="http://www.rideyourbike.com/images/jimmywithmichaelonback1.jpg" height="313" width="400">
<br>Haul people!
</b></b></p><p><b><b><br>
</b></b></p><p><b><b><img src="http://www.rideyourbike.com/images/jimmywithmichaelonback2.jpg" height="385" width="400">
</b></b></p><p><b><b><br>
</b></b></p><p><b><b><img src="http://www.rideyourbike.com/images/braxtoninterbikefurryxtracycle.jpg" height="265" width="400">
<br>Braxton on a demo bike at <a href="http://www.rideyourbike.com/interbike.html" target="right">Interbike</a>
</b></b></p><p><b><b><br>
</b></b></p><p><b><b><img src="http://www.rideyourbike.com/images/chairs.jpg" height="258" width="400">
<br>Chairs
</b></b></p><p><b><b><br>
</b></b></p><p><b><b><img src="http://www.rideyourbike.com/images/tannenbaumonxtracycle.jpg" height="344" width="400">
<br>Live Tannenbaum
</b></b></p><p><b><b><br>
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[permaculture-oceania] Re: permaculture party
Russ Grayson info at pacific-edge.info
Sat Sep 3 21:50:44 EST 2005
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Interesting analysis, John. This is an interesting conversation and is the
sort of thing that Permaculture needs to see as a valid use of people's
energy and to give itself time for so that people can formulate their own
ideas and reflect on the structure of the Permaculture movement,.
On 22/8/05 12:07 PM, "Champagne J & S" <brogopg at bigpond.net.au> wrote:
> I think it is best to be floating and not a target due to alignment with
> one particular party. It would be great to see some permies in the
> National Party, maybe there is?
> If you formed a faction within The Greens you would get labelled and be
> exposed to political bastardy.
You would be pigeon-holed with the Greens in the political caste system.
> Forming policy positions on issues from within the broad spectrum of the
> Australian permaculture movement on the surface seems improbable but not
> impossible.
I suspect there are a range of political positions within Permaculture. I
see evidence of positions spanning the Left, Greens (ranging from right to
left positions), the middle and even elements of Neoconservative thought.
This latter has been around for some time and has probably been adopted
without awareness of the political ideology it came from. It has taken the
form of the so-called 'user pays' principle. That is no argument to discard
it as it may have validity in some cases. However, it is bound up with the
income divide that exists in this country - that is, not all have the wealth
to engage in user pays - and stands in opposition to the more socially
equitable principle of cross-subsidisation that makes resources available
to all, irrespective of personal wealth (and which is relevant to the Second
Ethic).
In general, Neoconservative ideology is hostile to the social and
environmental ethics bound up in Permaculture's own ideology. It is
difficult to understand how the economic and social individualism it
promotes could accord with the first and second ethics.
> The 12 design principles outlined by Holmgren is your
> barometer for decision making and also your selling point.
This sounds like putting David's principles forward as the basis of a
political manifesto. Would be interesting to know David's thoughts on this.
Let me paraphrase: "Philosophers have hitherto only interpreted the world;
the Permaculture point is to change it to be sustainable". Or: "A spectre is
haunting Australia and that spectre is Permaculture". That ends today's
lecture in political theory.
> Permaculture doesn't need a leader
Little chance of this, I suspect.
> but it could have spokespersons in different portfolios or to our way of
> thinking,
They would have to be politically savvy and know their area well, especially
how the mainstream thinks about it.
> The question is how and through whom, PIL, the PC Institute or both, can
> this be formalised
This brings us back to that old discussion about representation in
Permaculture. Who can represent it and what can they say...and how binding
is what they say in public? One point is that, going by Permaculture's
history, the group or individual that takes the initiative has the running.
The other point is that there is nobody - no individual or group - within
Permaculture with the authority (derived from whom?) to take representative
action and speak for the entire body of practitioners and supporters.
One major problem that immediately comes up is that many (most?) who call
themselves permaculturists are not members of PIL or of the Pc Institute.
How can they be represented by organisations that they are not members of
and that they therefore have no participation or influence in? In theory,
neither organisation can represent more than its members, certainly not
Permaculture as a body of practice and ideology, though as the only
organisationally 'visible' Permaculture entities they assume a de-facto
speaking role for the movement as a whole. Of course, non-members might
assume an allegiance to either in the same way that non-members support
political parties.
The second point about representation is the 'invisibility' of
Permaculture's founders. Bill's public profile has declined these past ten
years and the Pc Institute is all but absent from this listserv (maybe they
don't have time; maybe they see themselves as somehow aloof from public
discussion of the design system - if so, that is a position that could be
described as 'elitist'). The listserv is the major communications medium for
Permaculture in this country and it could be argued that taking a deliberate
decision not to participate in the national discussion of the body of
practicing permaculturists is to treat it with an element of disregard.
Interestingly, Pc Institute is largely invisible but PIL is not - office
bearers at times (probably too seldom) officially post to the listserv.
Although David comments on this list from time to time and makes public
appearances, he does not have the prominence that would be required of a
political leader. That's probably as he wants it, however even if a
leadership were to develop elsewhere then the demand for David to take a
more active role in public discourse would grow.
> but first, is there the will?
I suspect there is some largely-undefined sense that something like John
raises might be needed, but I cannot see the will being there at present, in
part because politicisation in a party or quasi-party form would bring
changes to Permaculture as a movement and body of practitioners that I think
some would not welcome.
Secondly, there is the critique that Bill Mollison has consistently voiced
of the political process. While I believe it is healthy to visit such sacred
cows from time to time to test whether they retain validity (as with this
conversation), Bill's attitude has probably left a legacy that would be hard
to overcome.
My guess is that Permaculture would not succeed as a political entity, party
or otherwise. An early idea of Bill's was that we do our PDC then go back
into our areas of influence (work, community etc) and introduce the
Permaculture perspective there, seeking to enact policies and practices
compatible with the three ethics. My gut feeling - and please argue against
this if you disagree - is that would be an appropriate approach to political
work too. What Permaculture, through its national and local organisations
could offer to assist this is training in lobbying, communication, community
leadership, political ideas and philosophies and so on so that
politicly-minded practitioners could engage effectively with mainstream
politics.
What do you think?
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
RUSS GRAYSON
journalism, online content production, photojournalism, instructional
manuals, media services for overseas aid
PO Box 371, Byron Bay, NSW 2481 AUSTRALIA
info at pacific-edge.info
P: 02 6685 5968
www.pacific-edge.info
TerraCircle development assistance team, Oceania
www.terracircle.org.au
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
Source: [[[permaculture-oceania] Re: permaculture party|http://jasper.cmsarchitects.com/pipermail/pil-pc-oceania/2005-September/004661.html]]
[permaculture-oceania] Re: permaculture party
Robyn Francis robyn at permaculture.com.au
Fri Sep 9 23:09:58 EST 2005
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On 3/9/05 9:50 PM, "Russ Grayson" <info at pacific-edge.info> wrote:
>> I think it is best to be floating and not a target due to alignment with
>> one particular party. It would be great to see some permies in the
>> National Party, maybe there is?
I've had staunch National Party and One Nation supporters do courses, and
know permies who are active members of Liberal and Labour Parties, and many
involved in Socialist Alliance & Resistance......
Permaculture is by it's nature 'political', and will remain most effective
if it seeks to influence all rather than align with one brand of political
ideology - as limiting and polarising as aligning with a particular
religious faith....
robyn
http://jasper.cmsarchitects.com/pipermail/pil-pc-oceania/2005-September/004705.html
[permaculture-oceania] Re: permaculture party
Robyn Francis robyn at permaculture.com.au
Fri Sep 9 23:09:58 EST 2005
* Previous message: [permaculture-oceania] Re: permaculture party
* Next message: [permaculture-oceania] Creating Change
* Messages sorted by: [ date ] [ thread ] [ subject ] [ author ]
On 3/9/05 9:50 PM, "Russ Grayson" <info at pacific-edge.info> wrote:
>> I think it is best to be floating and not a target due to alignment with
>> one particular party. It would be great to see some permies in the
>> National Party, maybe there is?
I've had staunch National Party and One Nation supporters do courses, and
know permies who are active members of Liberal and Labour Parties, and many
involved in Socialist Alliance & Resistance......
Permaculture is by it's nature 'political', and will remain most effective
if it seeks to influence all rather than align with one brand of political
ideology - as limiting and polarising as aligning with a particular
religious faith....
robyn
Source: [[[permaculture-oceania] Re: permaculture party|http://jasper.cmsarchitects.com/pipermail/pil-pc-oceania/2005-September/004705.html]]
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